1 b;sydih yeoEÍfï uQ,dY%h

1' idys;H uQ,dY%h

ye`Èkaùu
b;sydih yeoEÍug uQ,dY%h wjYH fõ' w;S;h
ms<sn| f;dr;=re ,nd.; yels uQ,dY%h úúO
h' fuu tAllfha § uQ,dY%h y÷kd .ekSu"
uQ,dY%h f;dr;=re u; b;sydih f.dvkef.k
wdldrh iy b;sydih yeoEÍfuka ,eìh yels
m%fhdack ms<sn| Tng bf.kSug ,efnkq we;'
1'1 uQ,dY%h j¾.SlrKh
b;sydih hkq w;S; ñksia l%shdldrlï ms<sn|
yÞrk úIhls' wjqreÿ ish oyia .Kka wE;
ld,fha b;sydih yeoEÍfï § tA tA wjêj,
ñksiqka ,shd ;eබූ foa yd Tjqkaf.a úúO ks¾udK
wmg olakg ,efí' tu f,aLk fyda ks¾udK
uÕska w;S; ñksia lghq;= ms<sn| f;dr;=re
,nd.; yels ksid tAjd uQ,dY%h f,i ye|skafõ'
tla tla wjêj,g wÞ<j ,efnk fun÷ uQ,dY%h
uÕska tA tA ld, jljdkq yd iudc mßirh ms<sn|
lsishï wjfndaOhla ,nd.; yels h' fufia
uQ,dY%hj,ska ,nd .kakd f;dr;=re ;¾ldkql+,j
yeoEÍfuka tla tla ld,mßÉfÊoj, ck Ôú;h
ms<sn| b;sydih f.dvkefÕa'
b;sydih wOHhkh lsÍfï § f;dr;=re ,nd.;
yels uQ,dY%h úYd, m%udKhla we;s neúka tAjd
j¾. follg fjka flf¾'
1' idys;H uQ,dY%h
2' mqrdúoHd;aul uQ,dY%h
› ,xldfõ b;sydih yeoEÍug fhdÞ.; yels
idys;H uQ,dY%h" foaYSh idys;H uQ,dY%h yd úfoaYsh
idys;H uQ,dY%h jYfhka j¾. follg fjka l<
yels h' wÈka jir fooyilg muK fmr isg
,dxlslhka úiska .oH yd moH jYfhka jßka
jr ,shk ,o lD;s foaYSsh idys;H uQ,dY%h f,i
ie,fla' fufia ,dxlslhka úiska u › ,xldj
ms<sn| ,shk ,o .%ka:j,g wu;rj furg ms<sn|
Wkkaÿjla oela jQ úfoaYslhka úiska o hï hï
lD;s rpkd lrk ,§' ke;fyd;a úfoaYslhka ,shQ
lD;sj, ,xldj ms<sn|j o f;dr;=re we;=<;a lr
;sfí' fufia úfoaYslhka úiska furg ms<sn|
f;dr;=re i|yka lrñka ,shk ,o lD;s úfoaYSh
idys;H uQ,dY%h f,i ye|ska fõ'
foaYsh idys;H uQ,dY%h
› ,xldfõ foaYSh idys;H uQ,dY%h w;r jvd;a
merKs; u lD;sh §mjxih f,i ie,fla'
§mjxih l%sia;= j¾I y;rjk ishjfia § muK
rpkd කරන ලද lD;shls' uyfika rdcH iuh
wjidkh f;la furg ft;sydisl f;dr;=re yd
Ydik b;sydih iïnkaO mqj;a §mjxihg we;=<;a
fõ' tfy;a we;eï ft;sydisl mqj;a §mjxifha
olajd we;af;a b;d fláfhks' mqkrela;s fodaI o
fuu lD;sh ;=< olakg ,efí' fï ksid §mjxih
;sìh § u wvqmdvq jvd wvq lD;shla jYfhka
uydjxih rpkd fldg ;sfí'

w;S; m%cdj úiska úúO ld, jljdkqj, ,shk

,o .%ka: fyda f,aLk idys;H uQ,dY%h f,i
ie,fla' mqrdúoHd leKsï yd m¾fhaIK uÕska
fidhd .efkk mqrdjia;=" iaudrl" ldis" Ys,d,sms
yd úúO kgnqka wdosh mqrdúoHd;aul uQ,dY%h
f,i ye|skafõ' ñ<Õg wms › ,xldfõ b;sydih
yeoEÍug fhdÞ.; yels uQ,dY%h weiqßka by; lS
j¾. fol ms<sn| ;jÿrg;a lreKq úuid n,uq'
PdhdrEmh 1'1 mqrdK ld,hg wh;a idys;Hh wd.ñl
f;dr;=re yd jxil:d ,sheù ;sfnkafka mqiafld, fmd;aj,
h' §¾> ld,hlg wh;a mqiafld, fmd;a iïm%odhla Y%S
,xldj i;=j ;sfí'

1
න�ොමිලේ බෙද‍ා හැරීම i`oyd h'
uydjxih hkq fldgia lsysmhlska hq;= lD;shls'
tys uq,a fldgi wkqrdOmqr Èlai| fikúhd
msßfjfka úiq uydkdu kï Nslaෂූka jykafia
flfkla úiska rpkd lrk ,දී. §mjxifha fuka
nqÿka jykafiaf.a
,xld .ukfha isg uQ,dY%h j¾.h
uyfika rdcH iuh
ikafoaY ldjH uhqr ikafoaYh" ;sir ikafoaYh" ie,<sysKs ikafoaYh
wjidkh f;la furg
ft;sydisl f;dr;=re
m%Yia;s ldjHh merl=ïnd isß;
uydjxifha uq,a
fldgig we;=<;a fõ'
ygka ldjH iS;djl ygk" fldkaia;ka;skQ ygk" bx.%Sis ygk
tu fldgi l%sia;=
j¾I miajk fyda
j.=j wxl 1'1 tlsfklg fjkia wka;¾.;hlska hq;a merKs idys;H uQ,dY%h lsysmhla'
yhjk ishjfia muK
rpkd fldg we;'
uydjxifha uq,a fldgi yd §mjxifha we;eï
f;dr;=re w;r iudk;djla olakg ,efí' fuu
uQ,dY%h fol u rpkd lsÍfï § Bg m%:u ,sh
ù ;snq iSy,ÜGl:d uydjxih" W;a;r úydrÜG
l:d" úkhÜG l:d wdos uq,a .%ka:j, wdNdih
,eî ;sîu Bg fya;= jkakg we;'
uydkdu ysñhka uydjxifha uq,a fldgi
,sùfuka miq fjk;a l;=jreka úiska jßka
jr tA tA ld,jljdkq ms<sn| f;dr;=re we;=<;a
fldg wLKav lD;shla jYfhka uydjxih
;j;a fldgia lsysmhla jYfhka §¾> lrk ,§'
fï ksid › ,xldfõ b;sydih uydjxih ;=<
wLKavj ,sh ù ;sfí' rgl b;sydih wLKavj
tlu lD;shl ,sh ù we;s rgj,a ixLHdj iSñ;
neúka furg b;sydih tl u lD;shl i`oykaj
;sîu ,dxlslhkag wdvïnr úh yels lreKls'
uydjxifha i|yka we;eï ft;sydisl isÿùï
Ys,d,sms yd fjk;a uQ,dY%h uÕska ;yjqre jk
neúka th jvd úYajikSh uQ,dY%hla f,i
ie,fla'
uydjxifha uq,a fldgi ,sh ù Y;j¾I y;rlg
muK miq md,s NdIdfjka rÑ; tu lD;sfha we;eï
;eka ;j;a úia;r fldg w¾: úprKh i|yd
àldjla iïmdokh flßKs' uydjxi àldj f,i
y÷kajk tu lD;sh jxi;a:mamldiskS hkqfjka
kï lr we;' fjk;a uQ,dY%hj,ska fkd,efnk
f;dr;=re /ila tu .%ka:hg we;=<;aj ;sfí'
furg b;sydifha wkqrdOmqr hq.fha isg uykqjr
rdcH iuh olajd ld,mßÉfþoh ;=< foaශීh
න�ොමිලේ බෙද‍ා හැරීම i`oyd h'
idys;HlD;s f,i ie,lsh yels ;j;a .%ka:
/ila rpkd ù we;' O¾u .%ka: f,i ie,lsh
yels fndaêjxih" ථූmjxih" Od;=jxih" පූcdj,sh"
ioaO¾ud,xldrh" jeks lD;s rcrg YsIagdpdr
WÞyrK
iufha b;sydih yeoEÍug jeo.;a fõ' furg
Ydik b;sydih ms<sn| ,shù we;s ksldh
ix.%yh" foaYmd,k f;dr;=re we;=<;a rdcdj,sh
jeks lD;s .ïfmd< rdcH iufha isg fldaÜfÜ
rdcH ld,h olajd b;sydih yeoEÍfï jeo.;a
uQ,dY%h fõ' fldaÜfÜ rdcH ld,fha isg uykqjr
rdcH iuh olajd b;sydih yeoEÍfï § ixfoaY
ldjH" m%Yia;s ldjH yd ygka ldjH wdÈh o
jeo.;a h' j.= wxl 1'1 ys fun÷ uq,dY%hj,g
wh;a WÞyrK lsysmhla oelafõ'
foaYSh idys;H lD;s úúO ld, jljdkqj, rpkd
වූ tAjd jk w;r tA tA lD;s rpkd lsÍug n,mE
fya;= o úúO fõ' wkqrdOmqr hq.fha isg fldaÜfÜ
rdcH iuh wdrïN jk f;la ld,fha ,sh ù
we;s fndfyduhla lD;s wd.ñl wruqKqj,ska
rpkd වූ tAjd fõ' we;eï idys;H lD;s rpkd
වූfha tAjdfha i|yka ft;sydisl isÿúïj,ska
Y;j¾I lsysmhlg miqj h' fï ksid b;sydih
f.dvke.Sug idys;H uQ,dY%h fhdÞ .ekSfï §
my; i|yka lreKq flfrys ie,ls,a, fhduq
lළ hq;= fõ'
1' uQ,dY%h rpkd වූ ld,h'
2' uQ,dY%fha l;=jrhd'
3' l;=jrhdf.a wruqKq'
4' uQ,dY%hg lreKq imhd.;a wdldrh'
fï wkqj idys;H uQ,dY%h mÍYS,kfha § úpdr
nqoaêfhka lghq;= l< hq;= nj Tng jegfykjd
we;¡
2
úfoaYSh uQ,dY%h
wkqrdOmqr hq.fha uq,aNd.fha isg u › ,xldj
úfoaY rgj,a iuÕ fjf<| in`o;d meje;a jQ
neúka bkaÈhdkq id.rfha fjf<`o lghq;=j,
ksr; වූ fndfyda úfoaYslfhda furg ms<sn|
oek isáhy¡ fï ksid l%sia;= mq¾j wjêfha
mjd úfoaYslhka ,sයූ we;eï lD;sj, › ,xldj
ms<sn| hï hï f;dr;=re we;=<;a lr ;sfí¡ wE;
w;S;fha isg u ,xldj yd bkaÈhdj w;r fyd|
in|;djla mej;=Ks¡ fï ksid bkaÈhdfõ we;eï
uQ,dY%යj, o ,xldj ms<sn| f;dr;=re i|yka
fõ¡ ol=Kq bkaÈhdfõ § rÑ; is,mamdÈldrï"
uKsfïl,hs" mȾrem;a;= jeks fou< .%ka:j, o
,xldj .ek f;dr;=re olakg ,efí¡ l%sia;= j¾I
16 jk ishjfia § mD;=.Siska furgg meñKSfuka
miqj › ,xldj ms<sn| fjk u f;dr;=re we;=<;a
.%ka: mjd rpkd lsßug we;eï úfoaYslfhda
fm,UqKy¡ › ,xldj .ek i|yka úfoaYSh
PdhdrEmh 1¡2 .%Sl-frdaudkqfjl= jQ laf,daähia fgd,ñ
uQ,dY%h foi n,k úg ,xldjg fkdmeñKs l%sia;= j¾Ifhka 90-168 w;r ld,fha wef,laiekaä%hdfõ
fjk;a whf.ka wid oek.;a f;dr;=re mokï cSj;a jQ N+f.da, Ydia;%[fhls' Tyq úiska Y%S ,xldfõ
lrf.k furg .ek ,shq f,aLlhka fuka u is;shula weo ;sfí'
,xldjg meñK f;dr;=re wOHhkh lr ,shQ
Ñ;% uQ¾;s yd mqrdjia;= jYfhka j¾. lsysmhlg
f,aLlhka o isák nj fmfka¡
fnÞ oelaúh yels h¡
Ök uQ,dY%h mdyshka ysñhkaf.a foaYdgk jd¾;dj ^fn!oaO rdcOdks ms<sn| úia;rh&
wrdì uQ,dY%h bnka n;=;df.a foaYdgk jd¾;dj
mD;=.Sis uQ,dY%h ßfnhsfrdaf.a ,xldj ms<sn| .%ka:h ^ßfnhsfrdaf.a ,xld b;sydih&
´,kao uQ,dY%h *s,smamia ne,aähiaf.a lD;sh ^ne,aähiaf.a ,xld mqrdjD;a;h&
bx.%Sis uQ,dY%h frdnÜ fkdlaiaf.a lD;sh ^tÞ fy<osj&
j.=j wxl 1'2 Y%S ,xldjg meñK fuys we;s ;;= ±ln,d ta ms<sn`oj ;nk ,o jd¾;d iy tajdfha l¾;Djre'

idys;H uQ,dY%hj, m%fhdack wNsf,aLk

1¡ fM;sydisl ld, wkqms<sfj< ilia lr .ekSug
2¡ tla tla wjêj, foaYmd,k" wd¾Ól iudc
ixialD;sl lghq;= ms<sn| f;dr;=re ,nd .ekSug
3 tla uQ,dY%hla uÕska ,efnk f;dr;=re ;j;a
uQ,dY%hla uÕsska ikd: lr .ekSug
4 rgl úfoaYSh in|;d wOHhkh lsÍug ^úfoaYSh
idys;H uQ,dY%h fuys § úfYaIfhka jeo.;a fõ&
2' mqrdúoHd;aul uQ,dY%h
mqrdúoHd;aul uQ,dY%h" wNsf,aLk" ldis" kgnqka"
න�ොමිලේ බෙද‍ා හැරීම i`oyd h'
wNsf,aLk hkq .,a ^Ys,d&" ueámqjre" ì;a;s" ;U
;yvq" rka ;yvq" oej yd úúO Ndck wdÈfhys ,shd
we;s merKs f,aLk fmdÿfõ ye|skaùug fhdok
mohls¡ .,a u; ,shd we;s f,aLk ye¢kaùug
Ys,df,aLk fyda fi,a,sms hk kduh fhfoa¡
fi,a,sms
Ys,d,sms fyj;a fi,a,sms ,shd we;s .,aj, iajrEmh
wkqj tAjd f,ka,sms" .sß,sms" geï,sms" mqjre,sms" yd
wdik ,sms wdÈ jYfhka j¾. l< yels h¡ furg
merKs;u Ys,d ,sms n%dyaóh ,sms f,i y÷kajk
w;r m%Odk jYfhka NslaIqkag f,ka ms§u jeks
foa jd¾;d lr ;eîug tu ,sms ,shd ;sfí¡
3
 uQ,dY%h j¾.h WÞyrK

weßiafgdag,af.a äuqKafvd lD;sh" fu.ia;sksiaf.a bkaäld lD;sh" Tfkisl%sgiaf.a

.%Sl uQ,dY%h
jd¾;d

ma,skSf.a kepqr,sia ysiafgdaßhd lD;sh" fgd,ñf.a N=f.da, Ydia;% m%fõYh lD;sh"

frdau uQ,dY%h
fgd,ñf.a ,xld is;shu
Ök uQ,dY%h yshqx ishEx NslaIqjf.a foaYdgk jd¾;d lD;sh
mD;=.Sis uQ,dY%h *¾kd´ ã lafjfrdaia msh;=udf.a ,xldj ms<sn| .%ka:h

j.=j wxl 1'3 ;uka úiska kqÿgq tfy;a fjk;a wh úiska mjik ,o f;dr;=re u; msysgd Y%S ,xldj ms<sn`o jd¾;d ;enQ
l¾;Djreka iy Tjqkaf.a lD;s'
merKs iudc b;sydih yd ckdjdi jHdma;sh f,i ye|skafõ' mqrdK fyda OrK hk kï o
f;areï .ekSug fuu ,sms jeo.;a fõ¡ l%sia;= mQ¾j tu ldisj,g fhfoa' we;d iy iajia;sl ldis"
fojk ishjfia isg uykqjr rdcH iuh olajd ,laIañ ldis yd wl kï rka ldis j¾.hla o
Ys,d,sms ,sùu wLKavj mej;=Ks¡ l%sia;= j¾I furg Ndú; lr we;' fmdf<dkakre rdcH
fojk ishjfika miqj úydrdrduj,g .ïìï ms§u iufha ;U uiai ldis Ndú; flßKs' furgg
úydrdrdu md,kh" rcfha kS;s uyckhdg oekqï wjYH ldis rg ;=< u ksIamdokh lr we;s w;r
§u" nÿ whlsÍu" fj‍ෙ<|du" jerÈlrejkag iudj ldis ksmo jQ wÉpq mjd leKSïj,ska yuq ù ;sfí'
§u mqoa.,hkaf.a fiajh we.hSu jeks fkdfhla foaYSh ldisj,g wu;rj frdau ldis" Ök ldiS'
lreKq jd¾;d lr ;eîug Ys,d,sms msysgqjkq ,eîh' bkaÈhdkq ldis wdÈh;a › ,xldfjka yuq fõ'
fï ksid idys;H uQ,dY%j, i|yka fkdjk fndfy- rfÜ wd¾Ól ;;a;ajh" fjf<\u" f,day Ndú;h
da lreKq Ys,d,smsj,ska wkdjrKh lr .; yels h' wdÈh yeoEÍfï § ldis b;d jeo.;a uQ,dY%hls'
merKs ldis ms<sn|j yÞrk úIh kdKl úoHdj
ldis f,i yeÈkafõ'
wkqrdOmqr hq.fha isg ,xldfõ ldis Ndú;h mqrdK kgnqka
mej;=Ks' furáka yuqjk merKs;u ldis zlydmKZ
› ,xldfõ fndfyda m%foaYj, merKs f.dvke.s,s"
Þ.eí" .,a lKq" jeõ" fmdl=Kq" wdÈ kgnqka
olakg ,efí¡ w;S;fha furg
ck;dj Ôj;a jQ we;eï ia:dk
;ju;a jk.;j mj;sk neúka
jkdka;r wdY%s;j jqj o funÿ
kgnqka mj;S' fM;sydisl ia:dk
fyda mqrdúoHd;aul iaudrl
f,i y÷kajk fulS kgnqka
furg b;sydih yeoEÍfï fyd|
uQ,dY%hls' merKs ck;djf.a
ks¾udKd;aul yelshdj"
;dËKh" f.dvke.s,s
ks¾udKh" fyj;a jdia;=úoHdj"
PdhdrEmh wxl 1'3 lS¾;s Y%S
ksYaYxlu,a, rc;=ud úiska lrjk
,o .,afmd; fi,a,smsh' fuh msysgd
;sfnkafka fmdf<dkakrefõ h'

4
න�ොමිලේ බෙද‍ා හැරීම i`oyd h'
PdhdrEmh wxl 1'4 m<uqjk úchndyq rc;=ud úiska ,shjk ,o mkdlvqj ;U ikaki' fuh ;udg mlaImd;s;ajh ±lajQ
is;akdreìu nqo,akd kï ks,Odßhdg l<.=K i,lkq msKsi Tyqg msßkuk ,oaols' fuys m<uqjk fma<sfha isg f;jk fma<sh
olajd zziajia;s isßisßj;a wmsßh;a f,da bl=;a .=Kuq,ska W;=r;a uq`M oUÈõys wkale;al=, mdñ,s l< Tldjia roa mrmqfrka nÜ
le;a WiíkÜ w.fufyiqka jQ ,laÈõ fmdf<d fhdfyk mrmqfrka ysñ isßi.fnda úchndyq rcmd jykafiaZZ hkqfjka ,shd
;sfí¡ l%sia;= j¾Ifhka fÞf<diajk ishjfia b;sydih ye±Íug fuu f,aLkh jeo.;a uQ,dY%hls¡

wNsf,aLk ,shd we;s udOH WÞyrK

Ys,d,sms ksYaYxlu,a, rcqf.a .,afmd; ,smsh
ì;a;s iS.sß .S
;U ;yvq m<uqjk úchndyq rcqf.a mkdlvqj ;U ikaki
rka ;yvq j,a,smqrï rkam;
oej weïnelafla foajd,fha oej lKqj, ,shQ f,aLk

ueá mqjre W¿ yd .fvd,a u; ,shQ wl=re

Ndck ueá j<x" md;% wdÈfha ,shQ wl=re
j.=j wxl 1'4 wNsf,aLk ,shd we;s tlsfklg fjkia udOH lsysmhla'

f,ka ,sms .,af,kaj, lgdru wi, ,shQ ,sms iS.sß Ñ;% WÞyrKhla
jYfhka .; fyd;a
.sß,sms .,a ;,dj, fyda .,al=¿u; ,shQ ,sms
merKs ldka;djkaf.a
geï,sms ilialr .;a .,al=¨Kq u; ,shQ ,sms we÷ï me<÷ï" wdNrK"
mqjre,sms ilialr .;a .,amqjre u; ,shQ ,sms fldKav fudaia;r"
wdik,sms u,a wdik fuka ;enq .,amqjre u; ,shq ,sms rEm,djKH lghq;=
j.=j wxl 1'5 ,shd ;sfnk ia:dkfha iajrEmh mokï lrf.k wNsf,aLk yeÈkaùu i`oyd
jeks wxY ls ysmhla
fhdok jHjydr .ek tuÕska f;dr;=re
,nd .; yelsh'
Ys,amSh olaI;dj" mßir ixrlaIK yelshdj" c,
merKs ck;dj úiska ks¾udKh lrk ,o fyda
md,kh jeks úúO wxY ms<sn| ksrjq,a oekqula
mßyrKh lrk ,o oekg b;sßj we;s foa mqrdjia;=
,nd .ekSug fuu kgnqka wmg WmldÍ fõ'
f,i ye|skaúh yels h' furg fl!;=ld.drj,"
Ñ;% uQ¾;s yd mqrdjia;= wd.ñl ia:dkj," úúO wdh;k fyda mqoa.,hka
Ndrfha mqrdjia;= mj;S' leKSï uÕsska o nyq,j
merKs Ñ;%" uq¾;s yd leghï wdÈh wfma ixialD;sl mqrdjia;= yuq fõ' merKs ck;djf.a úúO
b;sydih fmkakqï flfrk Ôjudk idlaIs fõ' yelshd" l=i,;d" merKs ixialD;sh" ;dËKh"
w;S; ck;djf.a we÷ï me<÷ï" l,d l=i,;dj" úfoaY in|;d yd Tjqkaf.a Ôjk l%uh wdÈ wxY
wdNrK mßyrKh" j¾K Ndú;h" wd.ñl /ila ms<sn| wjfndaOh ,nd .ekSug mqrd jia;=
úYajdi" wdÈ fndfyda wxY ms<sn| f;dr;=re Wmldß fõ'
,nd .ekSug Ñ;%" uq¾;s yd leghï WmldÍ fõ¡
5
න�ොමිලේ බෙද‍ා හැරීම i`oyd h'

PdhdrEmh wxl 1'5 Y%S ,xldfõ Ndú; jQ fuu ldish
rkska ksujk ,oaols' th ye`oskafjkafka uOHld,Sk rka
lyjKqj kñks¡ fujeks ldis mqrdK ld,fha wd¾Ólh
muKla fkdj ;dlaIKh yeoEÍug o bjy,a jk uQ,dY%hls'
Y%s ,xldfõ b;sydih f.dvke.Sug fhdod .;
yels úúO uQ,dY%h rdYshla ;sfnk nj by; i`oyka
PdhdrEmh wxl 1'6 wkqrdOmqrfha biqreuqKs úydrfha msysá wYajysi iy ñksid ±lafjk uq¾;sh' l%sia;= j¾Ifhka y;ajk
ishjfia § ks¾udKh lrkakg we;ehs ie,flk fuu uQ¾;sl¾ufhka w.aks ^wYaj ysi& yd m¾ckH ^ñksia rEmh& hk
foújreka ksrEපිතයැ යි úYajdi flf¾'
න�ොමිලේ බෙද‍ා හැරීම i`oyd h'
lreKqj,ska Tng fmkS hkq we;' uQ,dY%h weiqßka
f;dr;=re ,ndf.k b;sydih f.dvke.Sfï §
w;S;h ksjerÈj oelSug kï tu uQ,dY%h úpdr
nqoaêfhka hq;=j mßYS,kh l< hq;= fõ' idys;H
uQ,dY%h fndfyda úg ft;sydisl isÿùïj,g
jvd miqld,Sk jd¾;d h' tfia u tu .%ka:j,
l¾;Djrekaf.a reÑwreÑlï uQ,dY%hj,g we;=¿
úh yels h' mqrdúoHd uQ,dY%h fndfyda úg
ft;sydisl isÿùïj,g iuld,Sk tAjd f,i
ie,fla' fï wkqj idys;H uQ,dY%hj, i|yka
f;dr;=re mqrdúoHd;aul jYfhka ikd: fõ
kï tAjd jvd úYajdiÞhs f;dr;=re f,i ie,lsh
yels h' lsishï ft;sydisl isÿùula ms<sn|
b;sydih f.dvke.Sfï § Bg wÞ< j imhd.;
yels ish¨ uQ,dY%h mßYS,kh l< hq;= h' tys
§ ,efnk úúO f;dr;=re úpdr;aulj yÞrd
jvd úYajdiÞhs f;dr;=re f;dard fírd f.k
wÞ< isÿùfï b;sydih f.dvke.sh hq;= h' fï
wkqj idys;H uQ,dY%hj, wvq mdvq mqrjd .ekSug
fuka u w¨;a f;dr;=re ,nd .ekSug o" idys;H
lD;sj, i`oyka lreKq ikd: lr .ekSug o
mqrdúoHd;aul uQ,dY%h m%fhdackj;a fõ'
6
1'2 b;sydih bf.kSfï jeo.;alu
b;sydih hkq uQ,dY%h wOHhkh iuÕ ne§
we;s úIhla fuka u l=;=y,fhka hq;=j yeoEßh
yels úIhls' fï ksid b;sydih yÞrkakd
iajNdjfhka u fmd;am;a lshùug fm,fUhs'
fmd;am;a lshùfï § fM;sydisl isÿùï ms<sn|
úúO lreKq" woyia" yd u;jdo yuqjk neúka
lshjkakd ;=< úpdr nqoaêh ÈhqKq fõ' fï ksid
Tyq ieu fohla ms<sn|j u ;¾ldkql+,j is;Sug
fm,fUk w;r tuÕska .eg¨ ksis mßÈ f;areï
.ekSug o yelshdj ,nhs' .eg¨ ksis mßÈ f;areï
.;a úg tAjdg ks¾udKd;aul ms<s;=re fiùug
fm,öula we;s lrhs' fï ksid b;sydih
bf.kSfuka flfkl=f.a fm!reI;ajh j¾Okh
fõ' óg wu;rj b;sydih bf.k .ekSfuka
my; i|yka m%fhdack w;a fõ'
1' ;ud Ôj;a jk iudch yd f,dalh ms<sn|
h:djfndaOh
2' w;S; w;aoelSï uÕska j¾;udkh f;areï f.k
wkd.;h f.dvke.Su
3' rfÜ cd;sl wkkH;dj y÷kd .ekSu
4' ukqෂH;ajhg wdorh lsÍfuka cd;sl iu.sh
f.dvke.Su
5' wkH ixialD;Skag .re lsÍug mqreÿ ùu
6' úúO u; bjiSug yqre ùu
1'3 mqrdúoHd;aul uQ,dY%h wdrlaId lr
.ekSu
› ,xldjg ysñ §¾> b;sydih;a" w;S; ck.yk
jHdma;sh;a" Y;j¾I .Kkdjla ;=< furg Ôj;a
jQ ck ixLHdj;a foi n,k úg mqrdúoHd;aul
uQ,dY%h jYfhka wo wmg b;sßj we;af;a .,a"
f,day" fyda ms<siaiQ ueá jeks l,a mj;skd
wuqøjHj,ska l< ks¾udK muKls' ke;fyd;a
jeõwuqKq jeks uyd mßudK ks¾udK fõ' rg
;=< isÿjk YS>% kd.ÍlrKh" ckdjdi jHdma;sh"
uxudj;a ;ekùu" f.dvke.s,s bÈlsÍu"
lDIsld¾ñl lghq;= wdÈh ksid we;eï úg
fuu jákd uQ,dY%h úkdY jk wjia:d ;sfí'
ft;sydisl ia:dk" iaudrl yd mqrdjia;= wo wmg
olakg ,efnkqfha wfma w;S; mrïmrdj tAjd
wdrËd l< ksid h' tneúka j¾;udk mrïmrdj
jYfhka tAjd wdrËd lsÍu rfÜ ish¨ mqrjeishka
න�ොමිලේ බෙද‍ා හැරීම i`oyd h'
i;= j.lSuls'
› ,xldfõ fkdfhla m%foaYj, .,aj, fldgd
we;s úúO merKs i,l=Kq olakg ,efí' tfia
olakg ,efnk br y| rEm" jgdfmd;" ÿkak"
B;,h" ylaf.äh" f.dkal=rh" we;a wäh yd
úúO i;a;aj rEm wdÈh merKs m%foaYSh udhsï
fmkajk rEm igyka fõ' ke;fyd;a j¾;udk
ud¾. i,l=Kq fuka tAjd o merKs ikaksfõok
l%uhls' fujeks i,l=Kq yd i|lvmyK" uqr.,a"
.,alKq fyda mqrdjia;= we;s fjk;a ia:dkj,
jákd foa ;ekam;aj we;ehs jrojd is;k
we;eïyq fkdoekqj;alu ksid funÿ ;eka ydrd
úkdY lr;ss' fM;sydisl ia:dkj, fyda mqrd jia;=
u; wl=re ,sùu" rEm we|Su wdÈh;a mqrd jia;=
úkdYhg fya;= jk w;r rfÜ kS;sh wkqj o
th o`vqjï ,efnk jrols' tneúka mqrdúoHd
uQ,dY%hj,ska isÿjk fufyh jgyd.;a YsIH
YsIHdjka jYfhka tAjd wdrËd lsÍug Tn
wêIaGdk lr .; hq;= h'
jeo.;a lreKq
1' b;sydih yeoeÍug bjy,a jk oE
ye`oskafjkafka uQ,dY%h hkqfjks'
2' uQ,dY%h idys;H iy mqrdúoHd;aul
hkqfjka fldgia follg fnosh yels h'
3' merKs ld,fha rpkd lrk ,o fmd;am;a
wdÈh idys;H uQ,dY%h .Khg wh;a jk w;r
kgnqka ù ;sfnk f.dvke.s,s" fkdfhl=;a
mqrdjia;= wdÈ oE mqrdúoHd;aul uQ,dY%h h'
4' b;sydih bf.k .ekSfuka merKs ld,fha
cSj;a jQ wfma uq;=kañ;a;ka úúO w;a±lSïj,g
uqyqK ÿka wdldrh jgyd .ekSug yels fõ'
tuÕska ta yd iudk j¾;udk .eg¨j,g
uqyqK §ug wjYH lrk ±kqu ,nd .ekSug
wjldYhla ie,fia'
5' rgl b;sydih tu rfÜ cSj;a jk
mqrjeishkaf.a wkkH;dj ms<sìUq lrhs'
7
 l%shdldrlu
1' fuu mdvfï § Tn úiska bf.k .kq ,enQ úúO uQ,dY%h my; igyfka ±lafjk wdldrhg
fm< .iajkak'
uQ,dY%h uQ,dY%h j¾.h
idys;H$ mqrd úoHd;aul
(i) §mjxih
(ii) uydjxih
(iii) tÞ fy< Èj
(iv) merl=ïnd isß;
(v) iS.sßh
(vi) iS;djl ygk
(vii) mkdlvqj ;U ikaki
(viii) fgd,ñf.a ,xld is;shu
(ix) j,a,smqrï rka ikaki
(x) ù'´'iS'ldis
2' —b;sydih bf.kSfuka uf.a Ôú;hg .;yels wdo¾Y˜ hk uefhka mqj;a m;lg ,smshla
ilia lrkak'
Èlai`o fikúhd msßfjk - wkqrdOmqr uydúydrhg
wkqnoaOj msßfjka lsysmhla ;sìKs' iqkayd; msßfjk"
ure.k msßfjk" M,.a. msßfjk hkq ta w;ßka lsysmhls'
Èlai`o fikúhd msßfjk hkq ta msßfjka uvq,a,g wh;aj
;snQ ;j;a msßfjklss' uydjxih rpkd l< uydkdu ysñhka
ta msßfjfka jev jdih l< ysñkuls'
*dyshka ysñ - *dyshka (FA-HSIEN) hkq Ök cd;sl
NslaIQkajykafia kuls' Wkajykafia fn!oaOO¾uh
we;=<;a fmd;am;a fidhd Ökfha isg mhska u bkaÈhdjg
meñKsfha h' *dyshka NslaIQkajykafia ^l%s'j' 399-414& l%sia;=
j¾Ifhka miajk ishjfia § Y%S ,xldjg jevu fldg
fojirla wkqrdOmqr wNh.sß úydrfha jev jdih l< y'
Wkajykafia Ökfha Ika-is m<df;a jqheka.a kï .fï Wm;
,eîh' Wkajykafia úiska rÑ; .uka úia;rj, tl, Y%S
,xldfõ mej;s we;eï foa ms<sn`oj o i`oyka h'
yshqx ishex (Hsuan-Tsang) - yshqx ishex ^l%s' j' 602-664&
Ök cd;sl NslaIQkajykafia kuls' Wkajykafia jkaokd
lghq;= i`oyd bkaÈhdjg jevu l<y' l%sia;= j¾Ifhka 629
§ Ökfhka kslau wd Wkajykafia jir oyihla ;siafia
ish jkaokd .ufka ksr; jQy' ta w;r jdrfha Wkajykafia
úiska wdishdfõ § ;uka ÿgq foa jd¾;d lr ;eîh' Y%S
,xldjg jevu fkdl< o Wkajykafia bkaÈhdfõ§ Y%S
,xldj ms<sn`o ;ukag wikakg ,enqkq foa ,shd ;eîh' tu
f;dr;=re jqj o l%sia;= j¾Ifhka y;ajk ishjfia furg
b;sydih ye±Íug jeo.;a fõ
ßfnhsfrda - fcdwd´ ßfnhsfrda (Joao Ribeiro) mD;=.Sis
cd;slfhls' 1640 ud¾;= udifha§ Tyq Y%S ,xldjg meñKsfha
mD;=.Sis yuqodjg fiajh lrkq msKsi h' fyf;u wjqreÿ
oywgla ;siafia Y%S ,xldfõ jdih lrñka mD;=.Sis yuqodjg
fiajh lrñka isg lms;dkajrfhl= olajd Wiia ùï ysñ
න�ොමිලේ බෙද‍ා හැරීම i`oyd h'
b;sydih f.dvke.Sug
,efnk m%fhdack
lr .;af;ah' ish jfhdajDoaO ld,fha mD;=.d,fha ,sianka
kqjr jdih lrñka Y%S ,xldfõ§ ;uka ,o w;aoelSï
mokï lrf.k fmd;a lsysmhla rpkd lf<ah' tu fmd;a
l%sia;= j¾Ifhka oyy;ajk ishjfia Y%S ,xldfõ b;sydih
ye±Íug fnfyúka m%fhdackj;a h'
*s,smamqia ne,aoshia ^l%s'j' 1632-1672& - *s,smamqia ne,aoshia
(Philippus Baldaeus) ,kafoaiS cd;sl foaj.e;sjrfhls' Tyq
,kafoais yuqod iu. Y%S ,xldjg meñKSfhah' ,kafoaiSkaf.a
fmrÈ. bkaoshd fjf<`o iud.ug fiajh lsÍu Tyqf.a
rdcldßh úh' ;u rdcldßhg wu;rj Tyq tjl Y%S
,xldfõ mej;s iudc cSú;h" NdIdj iy ixialD;sh
ms<sn`o jd¾;d ;eîh' tu jd¾;d ,kafoais iy c¾udkq
NdIdfjka m%ldYhg m;a lr ;sfí' ne,aoshiaf.a jd¾;d
l%sia;=j¾Ifhka oyy;ajk ishjfia Y%S ,xldfõ b;sydih
ye±Íug fnfyúka jeo.;a jk uQ,dY%hls'
frdn¾Ü fkdlaia (Robert Knox) - frdn¾Ü fkdlaia
^l%s'j' 1641-1720& hkq bx.%sis cd;sl keõlms;dkajrfhls'
Tyq ;u jih 14 § ish mshd iu. keõ ke.S bkaÈhdjg
meñKSfhah' l%sia;= j¾I 1658 § m¾ishdj n,d hd;%d
lrñka isá Tjqkaf.a kefõ l=U.i l=Kdgqjla ksid ì`§
hdfï fya;=fjka l%sia;= j¾I 1659 fkdjeïn¾ 19 jk od
Y%S ,xldjg md ù wdfõh' ta wjia:dfõ § frdn¾Ü fkdlaia
we;=¿ kefõ isá oyih fofkl=f.ka iukaú; msßi
fojk rdcisxy rcq úiska isrNdrhg .kakd ,oS' wjqreÿ
oykjhl ld,hla ;siafia isrlrejl= f,i Y%S ,xldfõ
ld,h .; l< frdn¾Ü fkdlaia wk;=rej isrueÈßfhka
.e,ù mek .sfhah' ukakdrfï wßmamq kï ia:dkhg ,`.d jQ
Tyq t;ekska n;dúhdjg mek .sfhah' l%sia;= j¾Ifhka 1680
§ Tyq kej;;a tx.,ka;hg <.d úh' fï .uk w;r;=r
Tyq úiska Y%S ,xldfõ § ;uka ,;a w;a±lSï mokï fldg
f.k fmd;la rpkd lf<ah' An Historical Relation of the
8
Island of Ceylon kï jQ tu lD;sh 1681 § m%ldYhg m;a
úh' Tyq furg .; l< ld,fha § tkï l%sia;= j¾Ifhka
oyy;ajk ishjfia Y%S ,xldfõ mej;s iudch ms<sìUQ lrk
Ñ;% iy úia;r tu lD;shg we;=<;a h'
*¾kd ´ ä lafjfrdaia (Fernão de Queyroz)- lf;da,sl
fcaiqhsÜ ksldhsl mQcljrfhl= jq lafjfrdaia mD;=.Sis
cd;slfhls' 1688 jif¾ § Y%S ,xldj ms<sn`o Tyq úiska
Temporal and Spiritual Conquest of Ceylon kñka lD;shla
rpkd lf<ah' Y%S ,xldjg fkdmeñKs lafjfrdaia tu lD;sh
rpkd lrk ,oafoa Tyq bkaÈhdfõ .; l< ld,fha h'

9
න�ොමිලේ බෙද‍ා හැරීම i`oyd h'