lOMoARcPSD|8941196

S02.s2 - Limites Laterales E Infinitos

matemática para los negocios II (Universidad Tecnológica del Perú)

StuDocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university

Downloaded by Josemaria Guerra (chema.atom@gmail.com)
 lOMoARcPSD|8941196

▲❮▼■❚❊❙ ▲❆❚❊❘❆▲❊❙ ✲ ▲❮▼■❚❊❙

■◆❋■◆■❚❖❙

◆✉♥❝❛ s❡ ❛❧❝❛♥③❛ ❧❛

✈❡r❞❛❞ t♦t❛❧✱ ♥✐ ♥✉♥❝❛

s❡ ❡stá t♦t❛❧♠❡♥t❡

❛❧❡❥❛❞♦ ❞❡ ❡❧❧❛✳

❆❘■❙❚Ó❚❊▲❊❙

▲❖●❘❖ ❉❊ ▲❆ ❙❊❙■Ó◆✿
✏❆❧ ✜♥❛❧✐③❛r ❧❛ s❡s✐ó♥ ❞❡ ❛♣r❡♥❞✐③❛❥❡ ❡❧ ❛❧✉♠♥♦ r❡❝♦♥♦❝❡ ② ❡✈❛❧ú❛ ❛♣r♦♣✐❛❞❛♠❡♥t❡ ❧♦s ❧í♠✐t❡s
❧❛t❡r❛❧❡s ❡ ✐♥✜♥✐t♦s ❛♥❛❧ít✐❝❛ ② ❣rá✜❝❛♠❡♥t❡✑

✶✳✾✳ ▲í♠✐t❡s ▲❛t❡r❛❧❡s ❊❥❡♠♣❧♦ ✶✳ ❍❛❧❧❛r ❡❧ ❧í♠✐t❡ ❝✉❛♥❞♦ x → −1✳

✶✳✾✳✶✳ ▲í♠✐t❡ ▲❛t❡r❛❧ ♣♦r ❧❛ ❉❡r❡❝❤❛

❉❡❝✐♠♦s q✉❡ y = f (x) t✐❡♥❡ ❝♦♠♦ ❧í♠✐t❡ L1 ✱

❝✉❛♥❞♦ x s❡ ❛♣r♦①✐♠❛ ♣♦r ❧❛ ❞❡r❡❝❤❛ ❞❡ a✱ ❡s
❞❡❝✐r✿

lim f (x) = L1
x−→a+

❊❥❡♠♣❧♦ ✷✳ ●r❛✜q✉❡ ② ❞❡t❡r♠✐♥❡ s✐ ❡①✐st❡ ❡❧

✶✳✾✳✷✳ ▲í♠✐t❡ ▲❛t❡r❛❧ ♣♦r ❧❛ ■③q✉✐❡r✲
❧í♠✐t❡ ❡♥ ❡❧ ♣✉♥t♦ ✶ ❞❡ ❧❛ s✐❣✉✐❡♥t❡ ❢✉♥❝✐ó♥✿
❞❛
❊❥❡♠♣❧♦✳
❉❡❝✐♠♦s q✉❡ y = f (x) t✐❡♥❡ ❝♦♠♦ ❧í♠✐t❡ L2 ✱
x ❛♣r♦①✐♠❛ ♣♦r ❧❛ ✐③q✉✐❡r❞❛ ❞❡ a✱ ❡s

❝✉❛♥❞♦ s❡  2 si x < 1
❞❡❝✐r✿ f (x ) = −1 si x = 1
x − 3 si x > 1

lim f (x) = L2
x−→a−
❙♦❧✉❝✐ó♥✳ ✿

✶✳✾✳✸✳ ❊①✐st❡♥❝✐❛ ❞❡ ▲í♠✐t❡

❊❧ ❧í♠✐t❡ ❞❡ ✉♥❛ ❢✉♥❝✐ó♥ f (x ) ❝✉❛♥❞♦ x t✐❡♥✲

❞❡ ❛ ✉♥ ✈❛❧♦r ♥ú♠❡r✐❝♦ a ❞❡❧ ❞♦♠✐♥✐♦✱ ❡①✐st❡✱
② ❡s ✉♥ ú♥✐❝♦ ✈❛❧♦r ♥ú♠❡r✐❝♦✱ s✐ ② s♦❧♦ s✐✱ s❡
❝✉♠♣❧❡✿

lim f (x) = lim f (x) = L

x−→a+ x−→a−

✶✹

Downloaded by Josemaria Guerra (chema.atom@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|8941196

▲❮▼■❚❊❙ ▲❆❚❊❘❆▲❊❙ ✲ ▲❮▼■❚❊❙ ■◆❋■◆■❚❖❙

✶✳✶✵✳ ▲í♠✐t❡s ✐♥✜♥✐t♦s ❚❡♦r❡♠❛✿

❙✐n ❡s ✉♥ ❡♥t❡r♦ ♣♦s✐t✐✈♦✱ ❡♥t♦♥❝❡s✿

❊st❡ ❝❛s♦ s❡ ♣r❡s❡♥t❛ ❝✉❛♥❞♦ x → a ② ❧❛
1


❛✮ lim xn = +∞
❢✉♥❝✐ó♥ t♦♠❛ ✈❛❧♦r❡s ❣r❛♥❞❡s ② ♠ás ❣r❛♥❞❡s ❛ x→0+ (
♠❡❞✐❞❛ q✉❡ ♥♦s ❛♣r♦①✐♠❛♠♦s ❛ a✱ ❡♥ ❡st❡ ❝❛s♦ −∞, si n es impar
1


❞❡❝✐♠♦s q✉❡ ❧❛ ❢✉♥❝✐ó♥ f (x) ❞✐✈❡r❣❡ ❛ ∞ ❡♥ ❡❧ ❜✮ lim xn =
x→0 −
+∞, si n es par
♣✉♥t♦ x = a✳
❖❜s❡r✈❛❝✐ó♥✿ ❙❡❛ k 6= 0 ✉♥❛ ❝♦♥st❛♥t❡✱ s✐
❊❥❡♠♣❧♦ ✸✳ ❍❛❧❧❛r ❡❧ s✐❣✉✐❡♥t❡ ❧í♠✐t❡ ♣♦r ❛♣r♦✲
1

❛❧ ❝❛❧❝✉❧❛r ❡❧ ❧í♠✐t❡ s❡ ♦❜t✐❡♥❡ ❧❛s s✐❣✉✐❡♥t❡s ❡①✲
①✐♠❛❝✐♦♥❡s lim x2
x→0 ♣r❡s✐♦♥❡s✱ ❡st❛s
( s❡rá♥ ✐❣✉❛❧❡s ❛✿
k +∞, si k > 0
❙♦❧✉❝✐ó♥✳ ❚♦♠❛♠♦s ✈❛❧♦r❡s ♣ró①✐♠♦s ❛ ✵✳ ❛✮ 0+ =
−∞, si k < 0
(
k +∞, si k < 0
❜✮ 0− =
−∞, si k > 0

❊❥❡♠♣❧♦ ✹✳ ❈❛❧❝✉❧❛r ❧♦s s✐❣✉✐❡♥t❡s ❧í♠✐t❡s✿

lim x+2
2 lim x+2
2
x−→2+ x −4 x−→2− x −4

❖❜s❡r✈❛♠♦s q✉❡ ❛ ♠❡❞✐❞❛ q✉❡ x → 0+ ♦ ❙♦❧✉❝✐ó♥✳ ✿

x → 0− ❧❛ ❢✉♥❝✐ó♥ ❝❛❞❛ ✈❡③ ♠ás s❡ ❤❛❝❡ ❣r❛♥❞❡✱
❛ ❡st♦ ❧❡ ❧❧❛♠❛♠♦s q✉❡ ❧❛ ❢✉♥❝✐ó♥ f (x) ❞✐✈❡r❣❡
❛ ∞✳

1


❙♦❧✉❝✐ó♥✳ ❊♥t♦♥❝❡s lim x2
=∞
x→0

❯❚P ❙❡❞❡ ❆r❡q✉✐♣❛ Pá❣✐♥❛ ✶✺

Downloaded by Josemaria Guerra (chema.atom@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|8941196

▲❮▼■❚❊❙ ▲❆❚❊❘❆▲❊❙ ✲ ▲❮▼■❚❊❙ ■◆❋■◆■❚❖❙

▼❆❚❊▼➪❚■❈❆ P❆❘❆ ▲❖❙ ◆❊●❖❈■❖❙ ✷

❙❡♠❛♥❛ ✷ ❙❡s✐ó♥ ✷

❊❏❊❘❈■❈■❖❙ ❊❳P▲■❈❆❚■❱❖❙
✶✳ ❉❛❞❛ ❧❛ ❢✉♥❝✐ó♥ f (x) r❡♣r❡s❡♥t❛❞❛ ❡♥ ❧❛ ✷✳ ❆ ♣❛rt✐r ❞❡ ❧❛ ❣rá✜❝❛ ❞❡ ❧❛ ❢✉♥❝✐ó♥ f ✱ ❞❡✲
s✐❣✉✐❡♥t❡ ❣rá✜❝❛✱ ❛♥❛❧✐❝❡ ❡❧ ❧í♠✐t❡ ❝✉❛♥❞♦ t❡r♠✐♥❛r ❡❧ ❧í♠✐t❡ ❞❡ f (x)✱ ❝✉❛♥❞♦ x t✐❡♥✲
x t✐❡♥❞❡ ❛✿ ✲✶✱ ✵✱ ✶ ② ✸ ❞❡ ❛✿ ✲✹✱ ✲✸✱ ✲✷✱ ✵✱ ✷✱ ✸✱ ✹ ② ✺✳

❘P❚❆✿ 0; ∄; ∄; 0

❘P❚❆✿ ∄; −2; ∄; 2; 0; 1; ∄; 1

✸✳ ❈❛❧❝✉❧❛r ❡❧ s✐❣✉✐❡♥t❡ ❧í♠✐t❡ ✿ ✹✳ ❈❛❧❝✉❧❛r ❡❧ s✐❣✉✐❡♥t❡ ❧í♠✐t❡✿

5x3 +1
√ 
lim x2 −4
x−→1− x2 +x−2 lim x−2
x→2+

❘P❚❆✿ −∞ ❘P❚❆✿ +∞

❯❚P ❙❡❞❡ ❆r❡q✉✐♣❛ Pá❣✐♥❛ ✶✻

Downloaded by Josemaria Guerra (chema.atom@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|8941196

▲❮▼■❚❊❙ ▲❆❚❊❘❆▲❊❙ ✲ ▲❮▼■❚❊❙ ■◆❋■◆■❚❖❙

✺✳ ●r❛✜❝❛r ② ❞❡t❡r♠✐♥❡ s✐ ❡①✐st❡ lim f (x)❀ ✻✳ ❍❛❧❧❛r ❡❧ limf (x) ✿

x−→−1 (x→3
lim f (x)✱ s✐❡♥❞♦ ❧❛ ❢✉♥❝✐ó♥✿ 3x −2x2 −5x+6
x<3
x−→2 x−3
 f (x) = √
x+1−2
 2x + 3 si x < −1 x−3 , x>3
f (x ) = x2 − 1 si −1 ≤ x < 2
9 − 3x si x>2


❘P❚❆✿ ∄; 3 ❘P❚❆✿ ∄

✼✳ ❈❛❧❝✉❧❛r ❡❧ s✐❣✉✐❡♥t❡ ❧í♠✐t❡✿ ✽✳ ❈❛❧❝✉❧❛r ❡❧ s✐❣✉✐❡♥t❡ ❧í♠✐t❡✿

   
1 3 2x2 −5x−3
lim x−2 − x2 −4 lim x−1
x→2− x→1

❘P❚❆✿ −∞ ❘P❚❆✿ ±∞

❯❚P ❙❡❞❡ ❆r❡q✉✐♣❛ Pá❣✐♥❛ ✶✼

Downloaded by Josemaria Guerra (chema.atom@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|8941196

▲❮▼■❚❊❙ ▲❆❚❊❘❆▲❊❙ ✲ ▲❮▼■❚❊❙ ■◆❋■◆■❚❖❙

▼❆❚❊▼➪❚■❈❆ P❆❘❆ ▲❖❙ ◆❊●❖❈■❖❙ ✷

❊❏❊❘❈■❈■❖❙ ❆❉■❈■❖◆❆▲❊❙
✶✳ ❈❛❧❝✉❧❛r ❡❧ s✐❣✉✐❡♥t❡ ❧í♠✐t❡✿ ✷✳ ❈❛❧❝✉❧❛r ❡❧ s✐❣✉✐❡♥t❡ ❧í♠✐t❡✿
√ 
x2 −9
 
lim x3 +9x2 +20x lim x−3
x→3− x2 +x−12 x→3+

❘P❚❆✿ −∞ ❘P❚❆✿ +∞

✸✳ ❍❛❧❧❛r ❡❧ lim f (x) ✹✳ ❍❛❧❧❛r ❡❧ lim f (x) ✿

(x→2
2 (x→−2
3
x −4 x −4x
x+2 x<2 x+2 x < −2
f (x) = f (x) = x2 +3x+2
x(6x − 12), x > 2 √ , x > −2
3− 7−x

❘P❚❆✿ 0 ❘P❚❆✿ ∄

❯❚P ❙❡❞❡ ❆r❡q✉✐♣❛ Pá❣✐♥❛ ✶✽

Downloaded by Josemaria Guerra (chema.atom@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|8941196

▲❮▼■❚❊❙ ▲❆❚❊❘❆▲❊❙ ✲ ▲❮▼■❚❊❙ ■◆❋■◆■❚❖❙

▼❆❚❊▼➪❚■❈❆ P❆❘❆ ▲❖❙ ◆❊●❖❈■❖❙ ✷

❚❆❘❊❆ ❉❖▼■❈■▲■❆❘■❆
✶✳ ❍❛❧❧❛r ❧❛❣rá✜❝❛ ② ❡❧ ❧í♠✐t❡ ❡♥ ❧♦s ♣✉♥t♦s✿ ✸ ② ✺
11 si x≤3
f (x ) = 2x + 3 si 3 < x < 5
 2
x − 12 si x≥5

−2x2 + 3x, x < 1
✷✳ ❙✐ g(x) = √ ✱ ✈❡r✐✜q✉❡ q✉❡ limg(x) = 1
 2x − 1, x→1
x>1


 x + 1 si x<3
✸✳ ❉❛❞❛ ❧❛ ❢✉♥❝✐ó♥ f (x ) = x2 si 3 ≤ x < 5
0 si x>5

●r❛✜q✉❡ ❞✐❝❤❛ ❢✉♥❝✐ó♥ ② ❞❡t❡r♠✐♥❡ s✐ ❡①✐st❡ lim f (x)❀ lim f (x)
x−→3 x−→5
(
2x2 −7x−4
x<4
✹✳ ❍❛❧❧❛r ❡❧ limf (x) ✱ f (x) = x2 −16
x−4
x→4
x2 −4x
, x>4
(
x−5
√ x<5
✺✳ ❍❛❧❧❛r ❡❧ limf (x) ✱ f (x) = 1− x−4
x2 −12x+35
x→5
x−5 , x>5

 
✻✳ ❈❛❧❝✉❧❛r ❡❧ s✐❣✉✐❡♥t❡ ❧í♠✐t❡✿ lim − 4x
9−x2
x→−3
 
✼✳ ❈❛❧❝✉❧❛r ❡❧ s✐❣✉✐❡♥t❡ ❧í♠✐t❡✿ lim 2−4x3
5x2 +3x3
x→0
 
✽✳ ❈❛❧❝✉❧❛r ❡❧ s✐❣✉✐❡♥t❡ ❧í♠✐t❡✿ lim− 1
1−x − 1
x2 −2x+1
x→1

❘❊❙P❯❊❙❚❆❙
✶✳ ∄; 13
✷✳ 1
✸✳ ∄; ∄
✹✳ ∄
✺✳ −2
✻✳ +∞
✼✳ +∞
✽✳ −∞

❯❚P ❙❡❞❡ ❆r❡q✉✐♣❛ Pá❣✐♥❛ ✶✾

Downloaded by Josemaria Guerra (chema.atom@gmail.com)