DATE: 06-01-2021

PRESENTED BY: MD. MIR MUSHARUF HUSSAIN RONY

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
ROLL:1802038 SEC: A
Q.1. The flow diagram for the problem no 6.2, 6.4 and 6.6 are given
below with neat sketch,

6.2:

Probability 1
6.4:

6.6:

Probability 2
Q.2.
6.2: The suction pipe of a pump rises at a slope of 1 vertical in 5 along
the pipe and water passes through it at 1.8 m/s. If dissolved air is
released , when the pressure falls to more than 70 kN/m2 below
atmospheric pressure, find the greatest predictable length of pipe
neglecting friction. Assume that the water in the sump is at rest.

Soln:
From Bernoulli’s equation we know that,
𝑃 𝑣2
+ + 𝑧 = 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡.
𝜌𝑔 2𝑔

Pressure drop allowed maximum to 70 kN/m2 = 70 kPa = 70,000 Pa

Because 70,000 Pa is total head drop, then it must be substracted by
velocity head,
𝑣2
Velocity head = 𝜌
2
1.82
=1000 kg/𝑚3 ×
2
=1620 Pa
Allowable pressure = 70,000-1620 Pa
= 68380 Pa
Again, pressure= ρgh
So, 68380 = 1000 × 9.8 × ℎ
h =6.838 m
which is the verticle height.
1
Angle slope of the pipe =tan−1
5
= 11.30

Probability 3
 ℎ
Maximum length along of pipe along slope angle = = 34.9 m.
sin 11.3
6.4: A pipe AB carries water and tapers uniformly from a diameter of 1
m at A to 0.2 m at B over a length of 2 m. Pressure gauges are installed
at A, B and also at C, the midpoint of AB. If the pipe centerline slopes
upwards from A to B at an angle of 300 and the pressures recorded at A
and B are 2.0 and 2.3 bar, respectively, determine the flow through the
pipe and pressure recorded at C neglecting all losses.

Soln:
From Bernoulli’s equation we know that,
𝑃𝐴 𝑣𝐴 2 𝑃𝐵 𝑣𝐵 2
+ + 𝑧𝐴 = + + 𝑧𝐵
𝜌𝐴 𝑔 2𝑔 𝜌𝐵 𝑔 2𝑔

We know that PA = 2 × 105 𝑁𝑚−2 , ρA = ρB =1000 kg/m3 , g = 9.81

m/s2 and PB = 2.3 × 105 𝑁𝑚−2 .
We also know that if the distance between A and B is 2 m measured on
a sloped ceterline , then by trigonometry , the vertical distance between
A and B ie (zB-zA) is 1 m.
𝑃𝐴 𝑣𝐴 2 𝑃𝐵 𝑣𝐵 2
+ = + + 𝑧𝐵 − 𝑧𝐴
𝜌𝐴 𝑔 2𝑔 𝜌𝐵 𝑔 2𝑔
2×105 𝑣𝐴 2 2.3×105 𝑣𝐵 2
+ = + +1
1000×9.81 2×9.81 1000×9.81 2×9.81
To slove this equation, we have to know the relationship between v1
and v2.
Since, Q1 = Q2
𝜋 𝜋
𝑑𝐴 2 𝑣𝐴 = 𝑑𝐵 2 𝑣𝐵
4 4
2
𝑑2
𝑣𝐴 = 𝑣𝐵
𝑑1 2
0.22
𝑣𝐴 = 𝑣𝐵
0.12
𝑣𝐴 = 4𝑣𝐵

Probability 4
Substituting back into the energy equation,
2 × 105 16𝑣2 2 2.3 × 105 𝑣2 2
+ = + +1
1000 × 9.81 2 × 9.81 1000 × 9.81 2 × 9.81
𝑣𝐵 = 2.304 m/s and 𝑣𝐴 = 2.304 × 4 = 9.216 m/s
At point 2, the diameter is 0.2 for giving an area of
AB =𝜋𝑟𝐵 2 = 𝜋 × 0.12 m2 = 0.0314 m2
Since, Q = 𝑣𝐵 AB =0.0314 × 2.304 = 0.0723 m3/s

If C is the midpoint then

𝑃𝐴 𝑣𝐴 2 𝑃𝐶 𝑣𝐶 2
+ + 𝑧𝐴 = + + 𝑧𝐶
𝜌𝐴 𝑔 2𝑔 𝜌𝐶 𝑔 2𝑔

Since, the pipe diameter tapers uniformly from 0.1 to 0.2m, then rC =
0.075 m.
0.0723=𝜋0.0752 × 𝑣𝐶
VC = 4.091 m/s

Again,
2×105 9.2162 𝑃𝐶 4.0912
+ = + + 0.5
1000×9.81 2×9.81 1000×9.81 2×9.81
PC = 2.2919 bar.

6.6: A pipe 300 m long tapers from 1.2 m diameter to 0.6 m diameter at
its lower end and slopes downwards at a slope of 1 in 100. The pressure
at the upper end is 69 kPa. Neglecting friction losses find the pressure
at the lower end when the rate of flow is 5.5 m3 / min.

Soln:
From Bernoulli’s equation we know that,

Probability 5
 𝑃𝐴 𝑣𝐴 2 𝑃𝐵 𝑣𝐵 2
+ + 𝑧𝐴 = + + 𝑧𝐵
𝜌𝐴 𝑔 2𝑔 𝜌𝐵 𝑔 2𝑔

We know that PA = 69 × 1000 𝑃𝑎 , ρA = ρB =1000 kg/m3 , g = 9.81

m/s2.

Since, Q = 𝑣𝐴 AA
5.5 𝜋
= 𝑣𝐴 × × 1.22
60 4
𝑣𝐴 = 0.0810 𝑚/𝑠
Again, Q = 𝑣𝐵 AB
5.5 𝜋
= 𝑣𝐵 × × 0.62
60 4
𝑣𝐵 = 0.3242 𝑚/𝑠
Therefore,
69×1000 0.08102 𝑃𝐵 0.32422 1
+ +0= + + (0 − × 300)
1000×9.8 2×9.81 1000×9.81 2×9.81 100
PB = 98350 Pa = 98.4 kPa.

Probability 6