Reviewer for English (3rd Quarter)

I. FORMULATING CLAIMS OF FACT, POLICY,

AND VALUE
CLAIM OF FACT
A claim of fact is an assertion of a condition that exists, will exist, or has existed. It is
supported by verifiable facts or data such as statistics ore testimonies; hence, there is
potential for controversy, conflict, or conversation.
Claims must be specific as to time, place, people involved, and situation.
To qualify claims of fact, the following markers are used: generally, usually, probably, as a
rule.

Examples:

1. Signs and Symptoms of a medical emergency

As a rule, drooping of the face, weakness of the arm, and difficulty of speech signal a stroke.

2. Analysis and Interpretation of an investigation

Generally, excessive use of gadgets has caused the steady decline in the study habits of children
and teenagers.

CLAIM OF POLICY

A claim of policy is an assertion that the specific plans or courses of action should be
instituted as solutions to problems. It is often procedural and/ or organized.
At times, a series of questions in response to a claim of fact is a claim of policy.
The following markers are used to formulate claims of policy: should, ought to, must, or use
strong verbs.

Examples:

1. For individuals showing signals of stroke:

Claim 1: Call 911 right away when you observe signals of a stroke.

Claim 2: Apply first aid treatment right away when you observe signals as stroke.

Claim 3: Bring the patient to the hospital right away when you observe signals of a stroke.

2. For excessive use of gadgets.

Claim 1: Ban gadgets in school.

Claim 2: Set schedule for gadget use.

Claim 3: Do not allow children and teenagers to use gadgets.

 CLAIMS OF VALUE

Usually, people disagree about the beauty of morality. A claim of value is an attempt to prove
the desirability or undesirability of something, or if something is good, bad, or wrong. It
expresses approval or disapproval.

Claims of value also involve taste (or preference) in art, literature, music, film, or food, etc.

The following markers are used for claims of value. “It is better to…”, “It is unethical to…”, “It is
more beautiful than…”

Examples:

1. Argument: The world has sped up over the past generation; technology has gotten more
complicated and ideas are complex. Hence, higher math like Algebra should be introduced as
early as grade 7 and 8. however, children in grades 7 and 8 are experiencing plateau growth,
thus the growing number of failing students.
-It is better to introduce higher math like Algebra in grade 10 instead.