FINAL COACHING – ANATOMY 2022
 There are preganglionic nerve fibers synapsing in the middle
1. The following structures are closely related to the
rectouterine pouch (pouch of Douglas) except which?
Select one:
a. Anteriorly is situated the posterior surface of the upper part of the
vagina.  vasodilation of the skin vessels over the hypothenar
b. Posteriorly is situated the upper part of the rectum.
c. The trigone of the bladder is directly related to its anterior
wall.
d. Anteriorly is situated the posterior surface of the body of the
uterus.
2. The following statements concerning the rotator cuff
are correct except which?
Select one:
a. It adds stability to the shoulder joint.
b. Inferior rectal veins only  humerus at midshaft. The wrist joint immediately
c. The muscle tendons are fused to the capsule of the shoulder
joint.
d. All the muscle tendons associated with the cuff are
innervated by the suprascapular nerve.
3. The following statements concerning the lateral cord
of the brachial plexus are true except which?
Select one:
a. It contains sympathetic nerve fibers  b. The median nerve
b. It has a branch that supplies the pectoralis major muscle
c. It has a branch that supplies the skin on the lateral side of the
forearm
d. It has a branch that supplies the skin on the lateral side of
the upper arm
4. An examination of a patient with carpal tunnel
syndrome may reveal all the following symptoms and
signs except which?
Select one:
a. Atrophy of the muscles of the thenar eminence
b. Weakness in opposition of the thumb  however, showed flattening and had lost most of the
c. Loss of skin sensation on the medial part of the palm
d. Loss of skin sensation on the anterior surface of the index finger
5. The following movements are expected to be normal
after a complete section of the medial cord of the
brachial plexus except which?
Select one:
a. Extension of the wrist
b. Flexion of the elbow
c. Abduction of the shoulder joint
d. Metacarpophalangeal flexion and interphalangeal extension
of the medial four fingers  Select one:
Flexion of the metacarpophalangeal joints is produced by the
flexor digitorum superficialis, the flexor digitorum profundus,
and the lumbricals and interossei muscles, all of which receive
nerve fibers from the medial cord via the median and the ulnar
nerves. The interphalangeal joints are extended by the
lumbricals and the interossei muscles, which are assisted by
the extensor digitorum. The lumbricals and the interossei are
innervated by the median and the ulnar nerves, which have
many nerve fibers that originate in the medial cord of the
brachial plexus.
6. The following statements regarding the sympathetic
innervation of the upper limb are correct except
which?
Select one:
a. The sympathetic nerves do not innervate the sweat glands.
b. It causes vasoconstriction of the arteries and veins of the skin.
c.
cervical, the inferior cervical, and the first thoracic ganglia.
d. Many of the postganglionic fibers are distributed within the
branches of the brachial plexus. 
7. Diminished sweating and increased warmth and
eminence as well as the ring and the little fingers
could result from the following except which?
Select one:
a. A lesion of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus.
b. Ulnar nerve damage behind the medial epicondyle of the
humerus. 
c. A lesion of the medial cord of the brachial plexus.
d. A lesion of the eighth cervical nerve.
8. A 14-year-old boy fell off a wall and fractured his right
assumed a flexed position that the patient was unable
to correct. Extension and supination of the fore a rm
was weakened but not abolished, and skin sensation
over the lateral side of the dorsum of the hand was
diminished. Which damaged peripheral nerve could
account for these symptoms and signs?
Select one:
a. The ulnar nerve
 
c. The radial nerve
d. The axillary nerve
9. On examination of a 53-year-old woman, it was found
that she could abduct her left shoulder to only a 15°
position. She told her physician that 10 years ago she
had fallen on ice outside her front door and had
dislocated her left shoulder joint. It was noted that the
head of the humerus was in its normal position
relative to the scapula on the left side. Her left
shoulder when compared with the right shoulder,
normal curvature. Which of the following muscles was
likely to have been paralyzed by the dislocation of the
shoulder joint 10 years ago?
Select one:
a. The rhomboid minor 
b. The deltoid
c. The supraspinatus
d. The teres minor
10. In children, the chief arterial supply to the head of the
femur is derived from which artery or arteries?
a. The obturator artery.
b. The internal pudendal artery.
c. Branches from the medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries.
d. The deep circumflex iliac artery. 
11. To lift the left foot off the ground while walking, which
of the following muscles plays an important role?
Select one:
a. The left gluteus medius muscle
b. The left gluteus maximus muscle 
c. The right adductor longus muscle
d. The right gluteus medius muscle
12. Support for the uterus, either directly or indirectly, is
provided by the following structures except which?
Select one:
a. The perineal body
b. The mesosalpinx 
 The mesosalpinx is an area of the broad ligament between the
uterine tube and the attachment of the mesovarium. It provides
no support for the uterus.
c. The transverse cervical (cardinal) ligaments
d. The levator ani muscles
13. Rupture of the tendo calcaneus results in an inability
to do what?
Select one:
a. Dorsiflex the foot
b. Evert the foot
c. Invert the foot  20. A 30-year-old plasterer was finishing a difficult ceiling
d. Plantar flex the foot
14. Injury to the common peroneal nerve results in which
condition?
Select one:
a. Inability to invert the foot
b. Inability to plantar flex the ankle
c. Inability to feel skin sensation on the medial side of the leg
d. Inability to evert the foot
15. Which ligament is most likely to have been damaged?
Select one:
a. The deltoid ligament  a. Fracture of the upper end of the humerus
b. The anterior talofibular ligament
c. The plantar calcaneonavicular ligament
d. The anterior ligament of the inferior tibiofibular joint
16. A 29-yea r-old woman was involved in an automobile
accident. Her cars kidded into a tree, and she was
thrown forward, striking her right knee on the
dashboard. At examination in the emergency
department, she was found to have a posterior
fracture dislocation of her right hip joint. What bone or
bones are likely to have been fractured?
Select one:
a. The greater tuberosity of the femur
b. The floor of the acetabulum
c. The posterior rim of the acetabulum and fracture of the
femoral head
d. The lesser trochanter of the femur  b. internal thoracic nodes.
17. The following general statements concerning the
tympanic membrane are correct except which?
Select one:
a. It is pearly gray in color.
b. It is concave laterally.
c. It is crossed by the chorda tympani over the medial surface
of the inferior part of the membrane.  b. It ovulates an ovum into the peritoneal cavity.
The chorda tympani crosses the medial surface of the superior
part of the tympanic membrane. The sensory innervation of the
membrane is from the tympanic branch of the
glossopharyngeal nerve, the auriculotemporal branch of the
mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve, and the auricular
branch of the vagus.
d. It is best visualized in the adult by pulling the auricle upward and
backward.
18. Impaired function of which of the following muscles
produce difficulty in protruding the jaw?
Select one:
a. The anterior belly of the digastric muscle  flattened and apelike. The nerve that has been
b. The lateral pterygoid
c. The medial pterygoid
d. The masseter
19. Which process is responsible for closing off the nasal
cavity from the oropharynx during swallowing?
Select one:
a. Contraction of the tensor and the levator veli palatini
muscles 
The tensor and levator veli palatini muscles raise the soft
palate, which closes off the nasal from the oral part of the
pharynx. The tensor veli palatini stretches the soft palate (like a
sheet), thus allowing it to be elevated.
b. Contraction of the aryepiglottic muscles
c. Bending of the epiglottis
d. Relaxation of the pharyngeal constrictor muscles
in a remodeled kitchen. He was standing on top of a
stepladder with his right arm above his head. As he
used his right hand to move the trowel, loaded with
plaster, across the ceiling, he suddenly felt an acute
spasm of pain over the tip of the right shoulder. At
physical examination of the patient in the emergency
department, it was found that the pain in the right
shoulder recurred in the middle range of abduction
and that there was extreme tenderness over the
greater tuberosity of the humerus. What is the most
likely structural damage in this patient?
Select one:
 
b. Tearing of the deltoid muscle
c. Fracture of the acromion
d. Lesion of the rotator cuff
21. To test for trapezius muscle paralysis, you would ask
the patient to
Select one:
a. flex the arm fully.
b. adduct the arm against resistance.
c. push against the wall with both hands. 
d. shrug the shoulder.
22. The lymph from the medial quadrants of the breast
drain mainly into the
Select one:
a. posterior axillary (subscapular) nodes. 
c. internal thoracic nodes.
d. internal thoracic nodes.
23. The following statements regarding the ovary are
correct except which?
Select one:
a. It is attached to the posterior layer of the broad ligament.
c. It is attached to the lateral pelvic wall by the round ligament
of the ovary. 
The ovary is attached (suspended) from the lateral wall of the
pelvis by the suspensory ligament. It contains the blood and
the lymphatic vessels as well as the nerves supplying the
ovary. The round ligament of the ovary is the remains of the
upper part of the gubernaculum, and it extends from the medial
border of the ovary to the lateral wall of the body of the uterus.
d. It normally is not related to the posterior fornix of the vagina.
24. After injury to a nerve at the wrist, the thumb is
laterally rotated and adducted. The hand looks
damaged is the
Select one:
a. anterior interosseous nerve.
b. ulnar nerve.
c. deep branch of the radial nerve. 
d. median nerve.
 The chorda tympani crosses the medial surface of the superior
25. The dermatome present over the lateral side of the part of the tympanic membrane. The sensory innervation of the
wrist is membrane is from the tympanic branch of the
Select one: glossopharyngeal nerve, the auriculotemporal branch of the
a. C8. mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve, and the auricular
b. C6. branch of the vagus.
c. T1. d. It is best visualized in the adult by pulling the auricle upward and
d. T2.  backward.

26. The following statements concerning the blood 31. Impaired function of which of the following muscles
vessels of the upper limb are correct except which? produce difficulty in protruding the jaw?
Select one: Select one:
a. The pulsation of the radial artery are felt anterior to the distal third a. The anterior belly of the digastric muscle 
of the radius between the tendons of the brachioradialis and b. The lateral pterygoid
the flexor carpi radialis.  c. The medial pterygoid
b. The axillary vein is formed by the union of the venae comitantes d. The masseter
of the brachial artery and the basilic vein.
c. The cephalic vein arises on the palm of the hand. 32. Which process is responsible for closing off the nasal
d. The axillary sheath surrounds the axillary vessels and the cavity from the oropharynx during swallowing?
brachial plexus Select one:
e. The cephalic vein drains into the axillary vein. a. Elevation of the tongue to the roof of the mouth
b. Contraction of the aryepiglottic muscles
27. The following statements concerning the structures in c. Bending of the epiglottis
the neck are correct except which? d. Contraction of the tensor and the levator veli palatini
Select one: muscles 
a. The parotid salivary gland contains within its substance the facial The tensor and levator veli palatini muscles raise the soft
nerve and the external carotid artery.  palate, which closes off the nasal from the oral part of the
b. The parotid duct opens into the mouth opposite the upper second pharynx. The tensor veli palatini stretches the soft palate (like a
molar tooth. sheet), thus allowing it to be elevated.
c. As the trachea descends through the neck it rests
posteriorly on the vertebral column. 33. Sustained tension of the vocal cords ( folds) is best
d. The nerve to the mylohyoid muscle innervates the anterior belly achieved through the action of which of the following
of the digastric muscle. muscles?
Select one:
28. The following general statements concerning a. The cricopharyngeus
structures in the head and neck are correct except b. The cricothyroid
which? c. The aryepiglottic
Select one: d. The salpingopharyngeus 
a. The sensory nerve supply to the mucous membrane lining the e. The posterior cricoarytenoid
upper part of the trachea is from the recurrent laryngeal nerve. 
b. The spinal part of the accessory nerve can be injured easily as it 34. The following statements regarding the urinary
crosses the posterior triangle of the neck. bladder are true except which?
c. The afferent sensory nerve fibers for the gag reflex are contained Select one:
in the glossopharyngeal nerve. a. It lies in the visceral layer of pelvic fascia beneath the
d. The sternocleidomastoid and the trapezius muscles receive peritoneum.
their innervation from the cranial part of the accessory b. In children, the bladder is located entirely within the pelvis.
nerve. c. Parasympathetic nerve fibers innervate the detrusor muscle.
d. The trigone is the area between the openings of the urethra and
29. The following statements concerning the middle the two ureters. 
cranial fossa are correct except which?
Select one: 35. Which of the following muscles is responsible for
a. The pituitary gland (hypophysis cerebri) is related protruding the tongue?
anterosuperiorly to the optic chiasma.  Select one:
b. The pituitary gland receives its blood supply from the a. The styloglossus 
middle meningeal arteries. b. The hyoglossus
c. The oculomotor nerve passes forward in the lateral wall of the c. The genioglossus
cavernous sinus. d. The palatoglossus
d. The internal carotid artery passes forward through the cavernosa
sinus. 36. The cauda equina is made up of the
e. The abducent nerve passes forward through the cavernous Select one:
sinus. a. spinal nerves of S1–3.
b. anterior rami of spinal nerves L2 and 3.
30. The following general statements concerning the c. posterior rami of spinal nerves L1 to cocc 1.
tympanic membrane are correct except which? d. anterior and the posterior nerve roots of the spinal nerves
Select one: below the first lumbar segment of the spinal cord. 
a. It is pearly gray in color. The cauda equina is not made up of the spinal nerves or the
b. It is concave laterally. rami of the spinal nerves.
c. It is crossed by the chorda tympani over the medial surface
of the inferior part of the membrane. 
 37. The strength of the flexor muscles of the vertebral
column can be assessed by asking the patient to
Select one:
a. sit up from the supine position while keeping the hips and the
knees extended.  abdominal pressure.
b. lift the shoulders from the examining table while in the prone
position.
c. extend the head while lying in the prone position.
d. sit up from the supine position while keeping the hips and
the knees flexed.
38. A herniated disc that causes sensory changes in a
specific dermatome is pressing on
Select one:
a. an anterior primary ramus.
b. an anterior gray horn of the spinal cord. 
c. an anterior root.
d. a spinal nerve or a posterior root.
39. Which of the following statements regarding the blood
supply to the spinal cord is true?
Select one:
a. The anterior spinal arteries are two in number and run down the
anterior surface of the spinal cord close to the anterior nerve
roots. 
b. The posterior spinal arteries supply the posterior third of the
spinal cord.
c. The veins of the spinal cord drain into the external vertebral
venous plexus.
d. The anterior and the posterior spinal arteries do not anastomose
with the radicular arteries.
40. The following statements concerning the vertebral
column are correct except which?
Select one:
a. The intervertebral discs make up approximately one fourth the
length of the vertebral column.  a. Fracture of the upper end of the humerus
b. In old age, atrophy of the intervertebral discs tends to produce a
continuous posterior convexity of the vertebral column.
c. During pregnancy, the weight of the developing fetus increases
the posterior lumbar concavity of the vertebral column.
d. There are seven cervical spinal nerves and eight cervical
vertebrae.
41. The following statements concerning the vertebral
column are correct except which?
Select one:
a. The posterior ramus of the first cervical spinal nerve and its
continuation, the great occipital nerve, supplies the skin over
the back of the scalp.
b. When an individual is in the standing position, the line of
gravity passes anterior to the cervical part of the vertebral
column and posterior to the thoracic and lumbar regions
of the column.  c. A full bladder
In the standing position, the line of gravity passes through the
odontoid process of the axis, in front of the thoracic vertebrae,
and through the lumbar vertebrae but anterior to the sacrum
(Fig.7-5).
c. The tip of the spine of a thoracic vertebra lies directly behind the
vertebral body of the vertebra below.
d. The intervertebral disc is innervated by a recurrent branch of
spinal nerve that enters the vertebral canal through the
intervertebral foramen.
42. The following statements regarding the internal
vertebral venous plexus are correct except which?
Select one:
a. It drains blood from the vertebral bodies.
b. It permits malignant cells from the prostate to metastasize to the
skull.
c. It does not communicate with veins within the thorax.
d. The venous flow is indirectly influenced by changes in the intra-
43. The following statements regarding herniation of an
intervertebral disc are correct except which?
Select one:
a. It generally herniates posteriorly.
b. In the lumbar region, it usually affects the spinal nerve whose
number corresponds to the vertebra below. 
c. It is a portion of the nucleus pulposus that actually herniates.
d. A contributing factor to the herniation may be excessive
compression of the posterior region of the disc.
44. The weakness of the left deltoid and biceps brachii
muscles could have resulted from pressure on which
nerve roots?
Select one:
a. the posterior nerve roots of C5 and 6
b. the anterior nerve roots of C5 and 6
c. the anterior nerve roots of C7 and 8 
d. the anterior nerve roots of C8 and T1
45. The broad ligament contains all of the following
except which?
Select one:
a. The ureters
b. The uterine artery
c. The round ligament of the uterus 
d. The uterine tubes
46. What is the most likely structural damage in this
patient?
Select one:
 
b. Tearing of the deltoid muscle
c. Fracture of the acromion
d. Lesion of the rotator cuff
47. The tender, doughlike mass felt through the posterior
wall of the vagina resulted from what?
Select one:
a. A retroverted uterus
b. Blood in the pouch of Douglas 
Tubal pregnancies commonly occur where the infundibulum
narrows to join the isthmus. Rupture of the tube almost
invariably occurs with severe intraperitoneal hemorrhage. The
blood gravitates downward into the lowest part of the
peritoneal cavity (pouch of Douglas) , where it clots and forms
a doughlike mass that can usually be felt through the posterior
vaginal wall.
d. Blood in the uterovesical pouch
48. What was responsible for the guarding (partial
contraction) of the lower abdominal muscles?
Select one:
a. Blood in the peritoneal cavity causing irritation of the
parietal peritoneum and reflex contraction of the lower
abdominal muscles 
Blood is an irritant to the peritoneum. The parietal peritoneum
of the lower part of the abdomen and pelvis receives its
sensory nerve supply from the lumbar spinal nerves
( iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal, and obturator nerves). The
muscles of the lower part of the anterior abdominal wall are
innervated by the iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves, and
there is a reflex spasm of these abdominal muscles. This
 spasm is essentially a protective mechanism and an attempt to
keep that area of the abdomen at rest so that the irritant will
remain localized.
b. Apprehension of the patient
c. Reflex contraction of the abdominal muscles because of damage
to the wall of the uterine tube
d. Stretching of the peritoneum of the broad ligament

49. A 56-ye a r-old man was seen by his physician

because the patient had noticed that his “bowel” was
protruding from his anus after defecation. On
questioning, the patient stated that for the past 2
years he had frequently passed blood staineds tools .
Digital rectal examination revealed nothing abnormal.
Proctoscopic examination showed that the mucous
membrane above the level of the anal valves tended
to bulge downward in three are a s when the patient
strained. The swollen mucous membrane contained
large, conges ted veins beneath the surface. Based
on your knowledge of anatomy, make a reasoned
diagnosis.
Select one:
a. External hemorrhoids 
b. Perianal abscess
c. Complete rectal prolapse
d. Internal hemorrhoids

50. What is the venous drainage of the mucous

membrane of the anal canal?
Select one:
a. Middle rectal veins only
b. Inferior rectal veins only
c. Superior and inferior rectal veins 
Venous drainage of the mucous membrane of the upper half of
the anal canal is from the superior rectal vein and that from the
lower half is from the inferior rectal veins. The middle rectal
veins are mainly concerned with draining blood from the
muscle and connective tissue of the canal. Because the
superior rectal vein is a tributary of the portal vein and the
inferior and the middle rectal veins are tributaries of the
systemic veins, the anal canal is an important site for portal–
systemic anastomoses in patients with a blocked portal vein.
d. Internal hemorrhoids