Find the common factors, GCF, common

multiples and LCM of 2–4 numbers using

continuous division.
I. Introduction:

In this session, you will apply factors and multiples in

mathematical problems and real-life situations.
II. Objective:

At the end of this session, you will be able to:

1. find the common factors and the greatest common factor of 2-4
numbers using continuous division; and

2. find the common multiples and least common multiple of 2-4

numbers using continuous division.

III. Vocabulary:

Factors – are numbers we can multiply to get another number.

Common factors- are factors that are the same for two or more
numbers
Multiple – is a number that can be divided by another number
without a remainder.
Common Multiples- are numbers or multiples common to two or
more numbers
Greatest Common Factor (GCF) – the largest factor or divisor
among the common factors of the numbers
Least Common Multiple (LCM) – smallest multiple common to
two or more numbers
IV. Pre-Test

Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on your
answer sheet.
1. What is the greatest common factor of 10 and 30?

a. 40 b. 30 c. 20 d. 10

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2. 9 is the greatest common factor of what numbers? VII. Post Test
a. 72, 63 and 18 c. 7, 21, 45
b. 9, 12 and 36 d. 90, 30, 10 Choose the letter of the correct answer.
3. What is the least common multiple of 4, 6, and 12?
a. 24 b. 48 c. 72 d. 120 1. What are the common factors of 9 and 18?
4. What is the least common multiple of 6, 9, 12 and 15? a. 3 and 9 c. 2 and 6
a. 72 c. 194 b. 16 and 2 d. 9 and 18
b. 180 d. 280
5. The set of numbers has 15 as their greatest common factor 2. 10 is the GCF of what numbers?
except__ a. 14, 28 and 32 c. 20, 40 and 50
a. 15, 60, and 55 c. 90, 45 and 30 b. 5, 10, and 15 d. 10, 30 and 65
b. 60, 45 and 15 d. 15, 30, and 85
3. What is the GCF of 72, 120 and 144?
V. Learning Activities
a. 12 b. 18 c. 24 d. 36
Let’s get started!
Activity 1. Read the problem below. 4. What is the least common multiple of 4, 8 and 12?
a. 20 b. 24 c. 28 d. 32
Mrs. Cruz has 30 erasers and 90 pencils. If she puts it into
5. What is the LCM of 6, 9, 12 and 15?
small packs with the same number of erasers and pencils
without leaving one, how many packs can she have? a. 72 b. 180 c. 194 d. 280
6. What is the GCF of 20, 40, 30 and 50?
a. 10 b. 20 c. 15 d. 25
How do we solve the greatest common factor (GCF)?
7. What is the LCM of 18, 12, and 24?
Let us list down all the factors common to 30, and 90. a. 72 b. 100 c. 154 d. 230

VIII. Assignment:

A. Find the GCF using continuous division method or ladder method.

The Greatest Common Factor (GCF) is 30. 1. 96 and 14

2. 18, 24 and 54
Therefore, Mrs. Cruz will have 30 small packs.
B. Find the LCM using continuous division method or ladder method.
Another way of solving for the GCF of a set of given 1. 10 and 25
numbers is through Continuous Division Method or the 2. 20, 14, 6 and 4
Ladder Method. It is done with repeated division until all given
numbers are not anymore divisible by one common divisor
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other than 1.
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Remember: Look at the steps!

• The greatest common factor (GCF) of two or more numbers is the

largest factor or number that divides those numbers.

• The least common multiple (LCM) of two or more numbers is the

smallest non-zero number that is a common multiple of those numbers.

• Continuous division is a process of solving for the GCF or LCM of a set

of numbers. It is done by repetitive division (with common prime factors
as divisor) and multiplying all common divisors to get the GCF, while
multiplying all the common divisors and the quotients to get the LCM.
The Greatest Common Factor (GCF) of 30 and 90 is 30.
VI. Practice Tasks
Task 1 Try other examples.
A. List down the factors of the given number.
Example 1. What is the GCF of 16, 20 and 32?
Identify the factor/s common to given.
15: ____________________
25: ____________________
Common factor/s____________

B. Write the first 6 multiples of the given numbers.

Identify the multiples common to the given.

6: ______________________________________
9: _____________________
18: ____________________
Common multiples: __________________________

Task 2. Find the GCF using continuous division. To check your answer, you need to make sure that 4 is indeed the greatest
1. 15 and 45 GCF____________ or the largest factor common to all given numbers, 16, 20 and 32. You can
2. 24 and 40 GCF ___________ do it through listing all the factors of each given number.
3. 12, 15 and 18 GCF ___________
4. 18, 20 and 32 GCF ___________
5. 12, 15, 36 and 60 GCF ___________
Factors of 16 – 1 , 2 , 4 , 8 , 16
Task 3. Find the LCM using continuous division.
1. 8 and 10 LCM ___________ Factors of 20 – 1 , 2 , 4 , 5 , 10 , 20
2. 12 and 24 LCM ____________
3. 4, 8 and 6 LCM ____________ Factors of 32 – 1 , 2 , 4 , 8 , 16 , 32
4. 3, 9 and 36 LCM ____________
5. 5, 15, 20 and 30 LCM ____________ Common Factors: 1, 2 and 4
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Observe that beyond 4, there is no other factor common to all given numbers.

Therefore, you can confirm that 4 is the greatest common factor (GCF).

Example 2. Find the GCF of 24, 32 and 56.

Activity 2. Read the problem below.

Marcus goes home to their province every 5 days, while Angelic, her twin sister,
goes home every 10 days. If both of them are in the province on May 25, what is
the earliest date that the twins will be in the province again?

How do we solve the problem? We can solve the problem by finding the Least
Common Multiple (LCM) using continuous division.
Here’s how? Study and learn the steps.

Since the LCM is 10, the twins will be in the province on the tenth day.
Therefore 10 days after May 25 is June 4.
Try to list down at least 5 multiples of the given numbers and see if you will arrive
at the same answer.

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Solving Real-Life Problems Involving GCF
and LCM of 2-3 Given Numbers
I. Introduction:

In this session, you will apply factors and multiples in mathematical

problems and real-life situations.
II. Objective:

At the end of this session, you will be able to solve real-life problems
involving GCF and LCM of 2-3 given numbers.
M5NS-Ie-70.2
III. Vocabulary:

Greatest Common Factor (GCF) – the largest factor or divisor among

the common factors of the numbers
Least Common Multiple (LCM) – smallest multiple common to two or
more numbers

IV. Pre-Test

Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on your
answer sheet.
1. Anita has 6 mangoes, 8 lansones and 10 santols. If she wants to
put them in bags having the same number of each fruit with no one
left, how many bags can she have?
a. 8 c. 4
b. 6 d. 2
2. What is the greatest number of pieces of fruits Anita can put in
each paper bag?
a. 2 mangoes, 3 lansones, 2 santols
b. 2 mangoes, 2 lansones, 5 santols
c. 2 mangoes, 4 lansones, 5 santols
d. 3 mangoes, 4 lansones, 4 santols
3. In a Math activity, there are 25 boys and 30 girls. If they will be
grouped into teams with equal number of boys and girls, how many
teams will there be?
a. 5 b. 7 c. 9 d. 10
4. Sarah has 12 red marbles, 20 yellow marbles and 24 orange marbles.
If she divides the marbles in jars with the same number of each color,
how many jars does she need?
a. 8 b. 6 c. 5 d. 4
5. Lani is packing equal number of papaya slices and mangoes for
dessert. If Lani packs the papaya slices in groups of 27 and the mangoes
in groups of 18. How many groups of each fruit she needs to have equal
number of slices?
a. 3 packs of papaya slices, 2 packs of mango slices
b. 2 packs of papaya slices, 3 packs of mango slices
c. 3 packs of papaya and mango slices
d. 4 packs of papaya slices and 2 packs of mango slices

V. Learning Activities

Learn and understand.

Activity 1. You already know how to find the GCF and LCM of a set of
numbers. This time, you will solve word problems involving GCF and
LCM.
Your goal is to decide if you need to use GCF or LCM to solve a word
problem.

Remember, if it is a GCF word problem it uses words like “greatest”,

“most”, or “largest”. It may also ask you, what groups, rows or sections
can be created. While if it is an LCM word problem it uses words like
“least” or “smallest”.

Let’s get started.

Example 1.
Teacher Resty is organizing his classroom supplies for his pupils
into trays. He has 40 permanent markers, 32 crayons and 36
rulers. If he wants to distribute the supplies equally, what is the
greatest number of trays will he needs?

What is asked? (The greatest number of trays Teacher Resty need.)

What are the given numbers? (40 permanent markers, 32 crayons, 36
rulers)
What is the key word in the problem helped you decide whether to use
GCF or LCM to solve the problem? If you’re thinking of the word greatest,
you are correct! Therefore, this is a GCF word problem.

Solution A. Using continuous division method or ladder method