ANPATH1 LABORATORY

LYMPHATICS AND IMMUNITY

Lymphatic Organs and
Their Locations
 So, how does the
lymphatic fluid form?
Where does it come
from?
 The formation of lymph comes from the interstitial fluid from
the bloodstream. If plasma fluid gets out of the blood vessels,
about 85 percent gets back to the blood stream. 15 percent
goes to the lymphatic vessels. Note the direction of the fluid in
the second image. What prevents the fluid from going back
out?
Flow of Lymph

Note the systemic circulation.

What is the start of the
lymphatic flow? What is the
flow? Capillaries (blood) n
interstitial spaces (interstitial
fluid) n lymphatic capillaries
(lymph) n lymphatic vessels
(lymph) n lymphatic ducts
(lymph) n junction of the
internal jugular and subclavian
veins (blood).
ANATOMICAL PRESENTATION
OF A LYMPH NODE
 T cells are
involved in cell
mediated
immunity, B cells
are for humoral
immunity.
Note location of thymus gland.
It atrophies as a person grows
but its function lasts a lifetime.

Thymic involution –
atrophy of the thymus
gland
 Spleen

Blood flowing into the spleen through

the splenic artery enters the central
arteries of the white pulp. Within the
white pulp, B cells and T cells carry out
immune functions, similar to lymph
nodes, while spleen macrophages
destroy blood-borne pathogens by
phagocytosis. Within the red pulp, the
spleen performs three functions
related to blood cells: (1) removal by
macrophages of ruptured, worn out, or
defective blood cells and platelets; (2)
storage of platelets, up to one-third of
the body’s supply; and (3) production
of blood cells (hemopoiesis) during
fetal life.
How does the phagocyte go to the area
of injury to effect phagocytosis?
 What are the
stages of
diapedesis?
Destruction of cells
and tissues
releases chemicals
that would attract
phagocytes,
releases
chemotactic
factors.
What is the first, 2nd and 3rd lines of defense?
END OF PRESENTATION