Simplified Analysis

Column W200x86 A36 M Steel for Column and Steel

tf = 20.6 mm Fy = 250 MPa
Fu = 400 MPa
Bracket WT205x425 Bearing-Type Connection is Assumed
tf = 12.2 mm M 20 Bolts are used. A325M
Fnv = 372 MPa
e= 175 mm Fnt = 620 MPa
Loads
PD = 45 KN Threads are in shear plane.
PL = 85 KN

Required : Check the adequacy of the connection. Use LRFD.

Use the simplified method.

Solution :
1. Determine the Shear Strength
Ab = π/4(d)2
Ab = (π/4)20^2
Ab = 314.1593 mm2

Rn = Fnv Ab
Rn = 372(314.1593)/1000
Rn = 116.8672 KN /bolt

2. Determine the Bearing Strength

h= 20 + 2 = 22 mm
a. Near Edge hole b. Other holes
Lc = Le – h/2 Lc = Le – h
Lc = 40 - 22/2 Lc = 60 - 22
Lc = 29 mm Lc = 38 mm

Rn = 1.2Lc t Fu Rn = 1.2Lc t Fu
Rn = 1.2(29)(12.2)(400) /1000 Rn = 1.2(38)(12.2)(400) /1000
Rn = 169.824 KN Rn = 222.528 KN

Limit Rn = 2.4 d t Fu
Limit Rn = 2.4(20)(12.2)(400) /1000
Limit Rn = 234.2 KN

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3. Factored Load
Pu = 1.2(45) + 1.6(85) Mu = Pu e
Pu = 190 KN Mu = 190(175)
Vu = 190 /8 Mu = 33250 KN-mm
Vu = 23.75 KN (Shear)

4. Calculate rt
Mu = ∑ Mc
Mu = 2rt (90 + 30 + 30 + 90)
33250 = 2rt (240)
rt = 69.27 KN

5. Calculate Tensile Strength

Shear Stress
Vu
f v=
Ab
fv = 23.75(1000) / 314.1593
fv = 75.599 MPa

Fnt f v
F'nt =1.3Fnt − ≤Fnt
Φ Fnv
F'nt = 1.3(620) - (620 x 75.599) / (0.75 x 372) ≤ 620 MPa
F'nt = 638.003 MPa

use F'nt = 620.000 MPa

Rn = F'nt Ab
Rn = 620 (314.159)
Rn = 194.779 KN/bolt

Summary
Strength per Bolt Rn(KN) Φ ΦRn (KN) vs Factored Load(KN) Remarks
Shear 116.867 0.75 87.65 > 23.75 ok
Bearing 169.824 0.75 127.37 > 23.75 ok
Tensile 194.779 0.75 146.08 > 69.27 ok

Answer : The section is adequate!

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Given : Bearing-Type Connection, Threads in Shear Plane
Bolts M 20 A325M Plate A36M Steel t= 6 mm
Fnv = 372 MPa Fy = 248 MPa s= 70 mm
Fnt = 620 MPa Fu = 400 MPa

Load
PD = 25 KN
PL = 35 KN
θ= 20 o

Required : Check the Adequacy of the Connection, Use the Elastic Analysis

Solution:
1. Calculate the Bolt Shear Strength
Rn = Fnv Ab
Rn = 372 [ π/4 (20)^2] /1000
Rn = 116.867 KN /bolt

ΦRn = 0.75(116.867)
ΦRn = 87.650 KN /bolt

2. Calculate the Bearing Strength

h= 20 + 2 = 22 mm
Near Edge Hole Other Holes
Lc = 40 - 22 /2 = 29 mm Lc = 70 - 22 = 48 mm
Rn = 1.2Lc t Fu Rn = 1.2Lc t Fu
Rn = 1.2(29)(6)400 /1000 Rn = 1.2*(48)(6)400 /1000
Rn = 83.520 KN /bolt Rn = 138.240 KN /bolt

Limit Rn = 2.4 d t Fu
Limit Rn = 2.4(20)(6)400 /1000
Limit Rn = 115.200 KN /bolt

ΦRn = 0.75(83.52)
ΦRn = 62.640 KN /bolt

Use ΦRn = 62.640 KN /bolt

3. Calculate Direct Shear

Pu = 1.2PD + 1.6 PL Components of Pu
Pu = 1.2(25) + 1.6(35) Pu cosθ = 86cos(20)
Pu = 86.00 KN

Components of Pu
Pu cosθ = 86 cos(20) Pu sinθ = 86 sin(20)

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 Pu cosθ = 80.8136 KN ↓ Pu sinθ = 29.4137 KN ←

For Any Bolt (Equal Force Distribution)

Pcy = (Pu cosθ) /5 Pc /bolt = 17.20 Kn/bolt
Pcy = 16.163 KN /bolt KN ↓
Pcx = (Pu sinθ) /5
Pcx = 5.883 KN /bolt KN ←

4. Locate the Center of Rigidity

y= 70 mm (By Inspection)

Moment about Line 1-4

AT x = Σ Ai xi
5(x) = 3(0) + 2(70)
x= 28 mm

5. Calculate Moment Mu
Mu = Σ Mo
Mu = Pu cosθ(ex) - Pu sinθ(ey)
Mu = 80.8136 [70 + 40 + 2(70) - 28] - 29.4137(70 + 40)
Mu = 80.8136[222] - 29.4137[110]
Mu = 14705.101 KN-mm

6. Calculate Shear due to Eccentricity

Σr2 = Σ(x2 + y2) Bolt x y x2 y2
Σr = 5880 + 19600
2
1 -28 70 784 4900
Σr2 = 25480 mm2 2 42 70 1764 4900
3 -28 0 784 0
4 -28 -70 784 4900
5 42 -70 1764 4900
Σ 5880 19600
Consider Bolt 5 (most stressed)

P mx=M
( )
y
Σr
2 P my=M
( )x
Σr 2
Pmx = 14705.101(70/25480) Pmy = 14705.101(42/25480)
Pmx = 40.399 KN ← Pmy = 24.239 KN ↓

Total Shear = Direct Shear + Shear due to Eccentricity

Px = Pcx + Pmx Py = Pcy + Pmy

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 Px = 5.883 + 40.399 Py = 16.163 + 24.239
Px = 46.281 KN ← Py = 40.402 KN ↓

Pu 5=√ (Px 2+Py 2) = (46.281^2 + 40.402^2)^05 = 61.435 KN , ΦRn = 62.640 KN

Pu5 < ΦRn , Answer : The connection is Adequate!.

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 Instant_Center
Given : Bearing-Type Connection, Threads in Shear Plane
Bolts M 20 A325M Plate A36M Steel t= 18 mm
Fnv = 372 MPa Fy = 248 MPa s= 60 mm
Fnt = 620 MPa Fu = 400 MPa

Load
PD = 25
PL = 35

Required : Check the Adequacy of the Connection, Use the Instantaneous Center Method.

Solution:
1. Calculate the Bolt Shear Strength
Rn = Fnv Ab
Rn = 372 [ π/4 (20)^2] /1000
Rn = 116.867 KN /bolt

ΦRn = 0.75(116.867)
ΦRn = 87.650 KN /bolt

2. Calculate the Bearing Strength

h= 20 + 2 = 22 mm
Near Edge Hole Other Holes
Lc = 40 - 22 /2 = 29 mm Lc = 60 - 22 = 38
Rn = 1.2Lc t Fu Rn = 1.2Lc t Fu
Rn = 1.2(29)(18)400 /1000 Rn = 1.2*(38)(18)400 /1000
Rn = 250.560 KN /bolt Rn = 328.320 KN /bolt

Limit Rn = 2.4 d t Fu
Limit Rn = 2.4(20)(18)400 /1000
Limit Rn = 345.600 KN /bolt

ΦRn = 0.75(250.56)
ΦRn = 187.920 KN /bolt

Use ΦRn = 87.650 KN /bolt (Bolt Shear Strength Controls!)

Limit Rn = 116.867 KN /bolt

3. Calculate Factored Load

Pu = 1.2PD + 1.6 PL
Pu = 1.2(25) + 1.6(35)
Pu = 86.00 KN

4. Locate the Center of Rigidity

y= 90 mm (By Inspection)
Moment about Line 1-4

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 Instant_Center
AT x = Σ Ai xi
5(x) = 3(0) + 2(60)
x= 24 mm

3. Calculate The Bolt Reactions and the magnitude of P

R=329.1684(1−e−0.3937Δ)0.55 r
Δ= Δ max
r max
Try d = 10 mm Δmax = 8.636 mm
rmax = 114.018 mm TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE
Bolt x (mm) y(mm) r(mm) Δ(mm) R(KN) Rx Ry rR(KN-m)
1 10 90 90.554 6.859 316.81 314.88 34.986 28.689
2 70 90 114.018 8.636 323.08 255.02 198.352 36.837
3 10 0 10.000 0.757 156.19 0.00 156.195 1.562
4 10 -90 90.554 6.859 316.81 -314.88 34.986 28.689
5 70 -90 114.018 8.636 323.08 -255.02 198.352 36.837
Σ 0 622.872 132.613

Equilibrium :
ΣFx = 0
ΣFy = 0 P = ΣRy = 622.87 KN
ΣMI.C. = 0 P(d + s + 40+ 1.5s)/1000 - 132.61 = ΣMI.C.
622.87(10 + 60 +40+1.5(60))/1000 - 132.613 = -8.039 KN-m
Negligible Difference!
4. Calculate the Design Strength ΦP of the Connection

P n=P
[ ]Rn
R max
Pn = 622.872(116.867/329.1684) (Based of Limit Rn)
Pn = 221.143 KN

ΦPn = 0.75(221.143) (Design Strength of the Connection)

ΦPn = 165.86 KN > 86.00 KN , Ok.

Answer : The Connection is Adequate!

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 Instant_Center
Visibility TRUE
FALSE

Try d = 12.426 mm

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 Instant_Center

KN
KN

mm

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Instant_Center

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Instant_Center

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