Isiah Rutledge

Industrial Revolution
10 Events
 1# 1712 FIRST STEAM ENGINE IS
INVENTED
In 1712, Thomas Newcomen made
his atmospheric engine that was
powered by steam and was used to
pump flood water out of a mine. This
was the first of its kind external
combustion steam engine that used
a piston.
2# 1757 BRITISH VICTORY IN THE BATTLE
OF PLASSEY
• In 1750, India accounted for close to 25
percent of the world GDP. Centuries of
prosperity had made it an extremely wealthy
nation. With the East India Company being
formed in 1600, cotton started gaining
popularity in Britain and by 1664, the
Company was importing a quarter of a
million pieces into Britain.
 3# 1764 INVENTION OF THE SPINNING
JENNY
•The Spinning Jenny was a multi spindle
spinning frame invented by James
Hargreaves in Stanhill, Lancashire in
England. It was one of the first and key
inventions of the First Industrial
Revolution in Britain that powered its
cotton textile industry.
4# 1771 RICHARD ARKWRIGHT OPENS
HIS FIRST FACTORY AT CROMFORD
Richard Arkwright was a shrewd businessman,
innovator and among the leading entrepreneurs of 18th
century Britain. However, Arkwright is widely credited
with being the brain behind the modern factory system.
In 1771, Arkwright established his first factory using his
“spinning frame“ on the river Derwent at Cromford,
England. The people worked twelve hours a day for six
days a week and started work at five o’ clock in the
morning.
5# 1789 SAMUEL SLATER LEAVES FOR
AMERICA
• Samuel Slater was born in Belper,
Derbyshire, England. Born in a poor farming
family Samuel Slater, as a young boy of 10,
worked at the cotton mill of Jedediah Strutt
using the water frame pioneered by Richard
Arkwright. A few years later, after his father’s
death, Samuel became an apprentice of
Strutt who trained him well.
 6# 1794 ELI WHITNEY PATENTS THE
COTTON GIN
• In the late 18th century, the mechanization
of spinning in England had created a vast
market for raw cotton, a plant that was not
indigenous to Britain. Massachusetts Yankee
Eli Whitney, who was on a trip to the south
for a teaching job, landed at the Mulberry
Grove plantation due to some unexpected
circumstances.
 7# 1844 NOMINATION OF HENRY CLAY
FOR U.S. PRESIDENT IS TELEGRAPHED
• The first commercial telegraph was built in 1833 by
Friedrich Gauss and Wilhelm Weber. William Fothergill
Cooke and Charles Wheatstone managed to create the
multi wire telegraph in 1837. In 1838, after some years
of financial troubles and challenges and with the
valuable help of Leonard Gale and Alfred Vail, Samuel
Morse made the first demonstration of his single wire
telegraph which was far simpler, more efficient and
easier to use that any of its competitors.
 8# 1855 BESSEMER PROCESS FOR
EXTRACTING STEEL IS DISCOVERED
• The Bessemer steel process is a classic example
of military’s impetus to technological
development. During the Crimean War in the
1850s, Henry Bessemer worked on the problem
of manufacturing cheap steel for British Navy. He
noted the effect of hot air blast in removing
carbon impurities from iron. In 1855, he
successfully produced a low-grade steel from
molten pig iron in a side-blown fixed converter.
 9# 1859 ÉTIENNE LENOIR MAKES A
SUCCESSFUL INTERNAL COMBUSTION

• In 1804 Franco-Swiss inventor Isaac de Rivaz

created an internal combustion engine which is
considered the first of its kind in the world.
French physicist Nicolas Carnot elaborated the
concept of internal combustion engine in 1824.
But it was Belgian inventor Jean-Joseph-
Étienne Lenoir who made the first commercially
successful internal combustion engine in 1859.
 10# 1901 RANSOM ELI OLDS
INTRODUCES MODERN ASSEMBLY LINE

• An assembly line is a line of factory workers

and equipment along which a product being
assembled passes consecutively from
operation to operation until completed.
Ransom Eli Olds was a pioneer of the
American Automotive Industry in the late 19th
and early 20th century. Having founded the
Olds Motor Vehicle Company in Michigan.