9

L Applied Chemistry
Activity Sheet

A Quarter 1 – MELC 6
Week 5
Percentage Composition of
Substances

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S REGION VI – WESTERN VISAYAS

REGION VI – WESTERN VISAYAS

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Applied Chemistry
Activity Sheet No. 5 – Percentage Composition of Substances
First Edition, 2021

Published in the Philippines

By the Department of Education
Region 6 – Western Visayas

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This Learning Activity Sheet is developed by DepEd Region 6 –

Western Visayas.

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this learning resource may be

reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or
mechanical without written permission from the DepEd Regional Office 6 –
Western Visayas.

Development Team of Applied Chemistry Activity Sheet

Writer: Jonah D. Denlos
Editors: Benjie S. Reboton
Rose L. Lizardo
Merry Joy C. Claur
Reviewer: Natalie A. Fernandez
Layout Artists: Mea L. Basa
Jerome Jordan Ponsica
Division Management Team:
Clarissa G. Zamora
Fevi S. Fanco
Ivy Joy A. Torre
Jason R. Alpay
Ethel S. Gali

Regional Office Management Team

Ramir Barberan Uytico
Pedro T. Escobarte, Jr.
Elena P. Gonzaga
Donald T. Genine
Rovel R. Salcedo
Moonyeen C. Rivera
Anita S. Gubalane
Minda L. Soldevilla
Daisy L. Lopez
Joseph M. Pagalaran
Introductory Message
Welcome to Applied Chemistry!

The Learning Activity Sheet is a product of the collaborative efforts of

the Schools Division of Escalante City and DepEd Regional Office VI - Western
Visayas through the Curriculum and Learning Management Division (CLMD).
This is developed to guide the learning facilitators (teachers, parents, and
responsible adults) in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to
12 Basic Education Curriculum.

The Learning Activity Sheet is self-directed instructional materials

aimed to guide the learners in accomplishing activities at their own pace and
time using the contextualized resources in the community. This will also
assist the learners in acquiring the lifelong learning skills, knowledge and
attitudes for productivity and employment.

For learning facilitator:

The Applied Chemistry Activity Sheet will help you facilitate the
leaching-learning activities specified in each Most Essential Learning
Competency (MELC) with minimal or no face-to-face encounter between you
and learner. This will be made available to the learners with the
references/links to ease the independent learning.

For the learner:

The Applied Chemistry Activity Sheet is developed to help you

continue learning even if you are not in school. This learning material provides
you with meaningful and engaging activities for independent learning. Being
an active learner, carefully read and understand the instructions then
perform the activities and answer the assessments. This will be returned to
your facilitator on the agreed schedule.
Name of Learner: _____________________________________________________________
Grade and Section: ___________________________Date: __________________________

APPLIED CHEMISTRY ACTIVITY SHEET No. 5

Percentage Composition of Substances

I. Most Essential Learning Competency

• Calculate the percentage composition of a substance given the

chemical formula.

II. Background Information for Learners

Why do you need to know the nutritional information provided on
the packaged food labels?
What do you think a chemist do when preparing a substance from
another substance in the laboratory? What about when he has discovered a
new compound? Right! The first thing he does is, know the formula. The
chemist begins by analyzing the compound by determining the number of
atoms of the elements in each amount of compound. This is expressed as
percentage composition. How can percentage be used to predict the
composition of matter?
Percentage composition plays an important role in everyday life. It is
more than just the amount of the components of the food you eat, the
medicine you take, and the composition of the fertilizer applied by the farmer
to the soil because it concerns everything from the things you have, the grades
you get in school and to your family and your health and even your way of
living.
This learning activity will provide you an idea on how to calculate the
percentage composition of the substances contained in a compound.

Chemists must know what elements are contained in a compound

and in what percentage. Percentage Composition requires knowing the mass
of the entire molecule or compound and the mass of its components.
Percentage composition of a compound refers to the percentage by
mass (weight) of a substance. In other words, the percentage composition of
table salt or sodium chloride shows what percentage of the mass of sodium
chloride ion is made up of sodium and what percentage of the mass is made
up of chlorine. Percentage composition does not give the relative ratio by
which the atoms combine.
Percentage composition is the percentage by mass of elements
present in a compound. It is calculated this way
mass of element
% by mass = ×100
mass of compound

Example: What are the percentage composition of sodium and

chlorine in sodium chloride?

mass of Na
% Na = ×100 % Cl = mass of Cl ×100
mass of NaCl mass of NaCl
= 22.989 g x 100 = 35.453 g x 100
58.442 g 58.442 g
= 39.34% = 60.66%

Sodium (Na) is 39.34 % while chlorine is 60.66% in table salt (sodium

chloride).

Knowledge about percentage composition is useful in choosing the

best products like buying a fertilizer that gives higher amount of nitrogen and
potassium in the soil. It teaches one to be a wise consumer because it is the
basis of knowing what food products contain the essential minerals that the
body needs. Whenever you buy something, it is always good to check the
composition of the materials. Percentage composition indicates the right or
the actual amount of substances needed to produce the expected product.

Percentage composition is used in many ways. Many substances

utilized in industry must contain specific amounts of components. For
example, a silver stain utilized in biomedical research contains .8% nitrate,
1.9% caustic soda, and 1.4% ammonia water. The rest is formed from sterile
deionized water. Polymers used for non-stick surfaces of cooking utensils are
24% carbon and 76% fluorine by mass. The idea is also used in
manufacturing animal feeds, compounds used in our kitchen like baking
soda, etc.

Chemical analysis can be used as a process for samples of material

(e.g., soil, drinks, bodily fluids, minerals, and other chemical compounds) to
be analyzed for their elemental composition. Elemental analysis is often
qualitative (determining which elements are present) or quantitative
(determining what proportion of every element is present). This information is
vital in assessing or determining the structure of an unknown compound or
to examine the structure of a synthesized compound.

The purity of compounds is often tested by comparing the composition

of substances obtained experimentally to the theoretical value calculated from
the compound’s formula. Percentage composition plays a function to our daily
lives even for some times, we are unaware of it.

III. Accompanying DepEd Textbook and Educational Site.

Department of Education. (2014). K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum.

Science 9 Learner’s Material (pp.155-158).

IV. Activity Proper

Activity 1: Solving for the Percentage Composition

Directions: Read and understand the procedure given below. Copy and
complete the table in a separate sheet of paper by filling in the required
information.

Materials
Periodic table, piece of paper and calculator

Procedure
1. For table 1-A, write the molar masses (has the same value with
molecular weights but is expressed in gram) of the given compounds in
column 3 based on the chemical formula in column 2.
2. Calculate the percentage composition in column 4 by following the
formula below:
a. Identify the number of atoms of each component element and
multiply it with their atomic weights/mass in grams.
b. Calculate the molar (molecular/formula mass) of the compound
by adding the total masses of the individual atom.
 c. Compute for the % composition of the component by dividing its
mass by the molar mass of the compound x 100

% by mass of an element = ___mass of element______ ×100

molar mass of compound
3. Round off atomic masses into a whole number.
Example: Carbon =12.0107 or 12 g
4. Complete the table with the correct information.

Percentage
Compound Chemical Molar Mass composition
Formula
1. Glucose C6H12O6
2. Propane C3H8
3. Hydrogen peroxide H2O2
4. Copper sulfate CuSO4

Activity 2: Solving Sample Problems Involving Percentage Composition

Directions: Compute the percentage composition in the following given
problems below. Write your answers in a separate sheet of paper.

Objective
Solve sample problems involving percentage composition

Materials
Periodic table, piece of paper and calculator
Procedure
1. Applying the formula given in Activity 1, solve the following problems:

1. Soil that is depleted with nutrients needs fertilizer. The element nitrogen
is needed to replenish the soil. If you are an agriculture expert helping a
farmer, which among these fertilizers will you suggest him to use? Convince
the farmer of by solving for the percentage composition of nitrogen.
a. ammonia (NH3)
b. ammonium sulfate (NH4)2SO4
c. ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3
_____________________________________________________________________
2. Glucose, the blood sugar with a molecular formula of C6H12O6 is a six-
carbon sugar (hexose). It is known to be the energy source that fuels up our
body. How much is the percentage by mass of carbon in blood sugar?

_____________________________________________________________________

3. The mass percentage of hydrogen (H) in hydrogen-containing fuels gives

the compound its fuel value. Arrange the following compounds in terms of
their “fuel value” by ranking them with 1 as the highest fuel value and 3 as
the one with the lowest value:
a. ethane (C2H6)
b. propane (C3H8)
c. ethanol (C2H5OH)
Answer
Rank Substance % of H
1
2
3

4. In what other ways can you use percentage composition in your daily lives?
_____________________________________________________________________

V. Reflection

Complete the statements below.

I understand
___________________________________________________________________________
I don’t understand
___________________________________________________________________________
I need more information about
___________________________________________________________________________
 Activity 1
Table 1-A. Percentage Composition of Substances (elements) in a Compound
Percentage composition
Compound Chemical Formula Molar Mass
C= 72g x 100 = 40%
180g
1. Glucose C6H12O6 180 g
H = 12g x 100 = 6.67 %
180g
O = 96g x 100 = 53.33%
180g
C= 36g x 100 = 81.82%
44 g 44g
2. Propane C3H8
H= 36g x 100 = 18.18%
44g
3. Hydrogen peroxide H= 2g x 100 = 5.88 %
34g
H2O2 34 g
O= 32g x 100 = 94.12 %
34g
Cu= 64g x 100 = 40%
160g
4. Copper sulfate CuSO4 160 g
S= 32g x 100 = 20%
160g
O= 64g x 100 = 40%
160g
Answers to :
1. The molar masses of glucose, propane, hydrogen peroxide and copper sulfate are 180g, 44g,
34g and 160 g respectively?
2. Oxygen in glucose, carbon in propane, oxygen in hydrogen peroxide and copper and oxygen in
copper sulfate have the highest percentage composition.
3.Percentage composition of the elements is determined by dividing the atomic mass of the
element by the molar mass of the compound, then multiply the quotient to 100.
Activity 2
1. a. Ammonia because N is 82.22%
2. Carbon is 39.99%
3.
Rank Substance % of H
1 ethane (C2H6) 20.15%
2 propane (C3H8) 18.32%
3 ethanol (C2H5OH) 13.15%
Activity 3
Q1. Answers may vary depending on one’s food preferences. In general, foods that contain
sugar or carbohydrates are more on carbon element. On the other hand,” junk foods” which
are usually salty contain sodium atoms.
Q2. Too much consumption of foods that are not recommended by The Food and Nutrition
Research Institute is not good for one’s health.
Q3. Answers may vary.
VI. Answer Key