Republic of the Philippines

CEBU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

CTU-Main Campus
Corner M.J. Cuenco Avenue and R. Palma St., Cebu City
url: http://www.ctu.edu.ph e-mail: information@ctu.edu.ph
Tel. No. (032) 505-9963

Name: Fatima Grace C. Congson Instructor: Mrs. Rea Mea P. Pino

Course, Year & Section: BTVTED 4-4 Date: October 14, 2021

LEARNING ENHANCEMENT 2

1. Which does basic education encompass? I. Early childhood education II. Elementary
education III. Secondary education IV. Alternative Learning system V. Education for
Children with Special Needs 
a) I, II, III, IV and V
b) I, II, III, and IV
c) I, II, and III  Basic education is intended to meet
d) I, II, III and V
basic learning needs which provides the
 
foundation on which subsequent
Correct answer learning can be based. It
I, II, III, IV and V encompasses kindergarten, elementary
and secondary education as well as
alternative learning systems for out-
of-school learners and those with
special needs

2. If your students appear to be more interested in a topic outside your planned lesson for
the day, you set aside your lesson plan for that day and grab the opportunity to discuss
the topic of particular interest to your students. Strike the iron while it is hot! Which
philosophy governs your actions? 
a) Progressivism
b) Rationalism
 c) Empiricism 
d) Existentialism
Correct answer
Progressivism

 Progressivists believe that education should focus on the

whole child, rather than on the content or the teacher. This
educational philosophy stresses that students should test
ideas by active experimentation. Learning is rooted in the
questions of learners that arise through experiencing the
world.
 One of its main objectives was to educate the “whole
child”—that is, to attend to physical and emotional, as
well as intellectual, growth. The school was conceived of
as a laboratory in which the child was to take an active
part—learning through doing.

3. You have the right to a just salary, but which is your corresponding duty?  
a) To enroll in graduate’s studies
b) To work in school eight hours from Monday to Friday
c) To teach to the best of my ability
d) To tutor every child in need of my assistance outside class hours
Correct answer
To teach to the best of my ability

 If you do something to the best of your abilities or to the best of

your ability, you do it as well as you can. I take care of them to the
best of my abilities. They tackled them to the best of their
ability.

4. The stress on meritocracy was a strong influence of _______ teaching. 

 a) Shintoist
b) Confucian
c) Buddhist
d) Taoist
 
Correct answer
Confucian
 

 Confucius believed that education and reflection led to virtue, and that those who
aspired to command others must cultivate discipline and moral authority in
themselves.
 Confucius considered education as an important tool in the restoration of meaning and
society values. Education was important to Confucianism because it  was seen as a
factor in the cultivation of character and the development of gentlemen who are able
to express themselves in a composed and intelligent manner.
 The most important of these teachings include jen, or “humaneness;” i, or
“righteousness;” li, or “propriety/ritual;” and hsing, or “human nature.” Hsiao, or “filial
piety,” is also a vital concept, one that is central for young people growing up in the
Confucian tradition.

5. The Traditional
reciprocityConfucian culture,
of rights and theis common
duties base of social
the true foundation culture
of peace in harmony
and the mainland
in
of China, Taiwan and Vietnam, is a complex system of moral, social, political,
society.
and Which illustrates
religious thought thewith
reciprocation
regard toofindividual's
right and duties? I. You have
relationships withthe right to
others
and appropriate conduct
a just salary but it is your duty to teach a s expected II. Your right to a good reputation

corresponds to everyone's obligation not to destroy it. III. You have the right to a just
salary and it's the duty of the government to grant it 
a) III
b) I and III
c) I and II
d) II and III
Correct answer
II and III

 Reciprocal obligations are duties owed by one individual to another and

vice versa. Reciprocal laws are statutes of one state that give rights and
privileges to the citizens of another state if that state extends similar
privileges to the citizens of the first state.
 Peace and harmony is an ideal path. Peace and harmony mean dealing with
disputes and resolving conflicts fairly and properly with neutralization
and Middle Way principles to further the welfare of each individual as
well as the wellbeing of mankind as a whole. Peace and harmony is long
lasting value.
6. Which is the Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013? 
 a) RA 10533
b) RA 10157
c) RA 8371
d) RA 10647
Correct answer
RA 10533

IMPLEMENTING RULES AND REGULATIONS

OF THE ENHANCED BASIC EDUCATION ACT OF 2013

(REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10533)

Pursuant to Section 16 of Republic Act No. 10533, entitled “An Act Enhancing the
Philippine Basic Education System by Strengthening Its Curriculum and Increasing
the Number of Years for Basic Education, Appropriating Funds Therefor and for
Other Purposes,” otherwise known as the “Enhanced Basic Education Act of
2013,” approved on May 15, 2013, and which took effect on June 8, 2013, the
Department of Education (DepEd), the Commission on Higher Education (CHED),
and the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA), hereby
issue the following rules and regulations to implement the provisions of the Act.

7. The use of values clarification as a strategy in Values Education flows from which
philosophy? 
a) Existentialism
b) Progressivism
c) Essentialism 
d) Reconstructionism
Correct answer  Active learning: In progressive schools, students play a vital
Progressivism role in helping to design the curriculum, formulate the
questions, seek out (and create) answers, think through
possibilities, and evaluate how successful they — and their
teachers — have been.
 Progressivists believe that education should be a process of
ongoing growth, not just a preparation for becoming an adult.
An obvious example of progressivism would be our class. We
are in groups a lot and we actively learn through discussion.

8. The encouragement of spontaneity in the classroom is in line with the teaching of

______. 
a) Loa tsu
 b) Mencius
c) Confucius
d) Mohammed
Correct answer
Loa tsu

 Lao Tzu's philosophy advocates naturalness, spontaneity and freedom from social

conventions and desires. In the Tao, which means the way, Lao Tzu refers to the
ultimate order of things and ultimate basis of reality.
 Taoism philosophy is based on three pillars: simplicity, patience, and compassion.
Lao Tzu said that these three principles are our greatest treasures. He further
explained that by being simple in actions and in thoughts, you return to the source of
being.
 Little is truly known about the Chinese philosopher Lao Tzu (sometimes also known
as Laozi or Lao Tze), who is a guiding figure in Daoism (also translated as Taoism),
a still popular spiritual practice. He is said to have been a record keeper in the court
of the central Chinese Zhou Dynasty in the 6th century B.C., and an older
contemporary of Confucius. This could be true, but he may also have been entirely
mythical—much like Homer in Western culture. It is certainly very unlikely that (as
some legends say) he was conceived when his mother saw a falling star, or was born
an old man with very long earlobes – or lived 990 years.

9. Are elementary and secondary education compulsory for all children of school age?  
a) Yes, that is why they are free of charge.
b) Yes, for all children regardless of age.
c) No, only elementary education is compulsory.
d) No, this violates parents' and children's right to decide what is best for them and their
children.
Correct answer
No, only elementary education is compulsory.
  Elementary Education. - the first stage of compulsory, formal
education primarily concerned with providing basic education and
usually corresponding to six or seven grades, including pre-school
programs. 

10. Jerome Bruner's idea that learning is constructing new ideas based on current and past
knowledge is the essence of _______. 
a) constructivism teaching
b) cooperative learning
c) reflective teaching
d) direct instruction
Correct answer
constructivism teaching
 

Constructivism is 'an approach to learning that holds that people actively construct or
make their own knowledge and that reality is determined by the experiences of the
learner' (
 Essential components to constructivist teaching

 Elicit prior knowledge

New knowledge is created in relation to learner’s pre-existing knowledge. Lessons, therefore,
require eliciting relevant prior knowledge. Activities include: pre-tests, informal interviews
and small group warm-up activities that require recall of prior knowledge.
 Create cognitive dissonance
Assign problems and activities that will challenge students. Knowledge is built as learners
encounter novel problems and revise existing schemas as they work through the challenging
problem.
 Apply knowledge with feedback
Encourage students to evaluate new information and modify existing knowledge. Activities
should allow for students to compare pre-existing schema to the novel situation. Activities
might include presentations, small group or class discussions, and quizzes.
 Reflect on learning
Provide students with an opportunity to show you (and themselves) what they have learned.
Activities might include: presentations, reflexive papers or creating a step-by-step tutorial for
another student.
 11. "Specialization is knowing more and more about less and less. " Then it is better to be a
generalist, claims Teacher Rita. On which philosophy does Teacher Rita lean?  
a) Essentialism
b) Progressivism
c) Perennialism
d) Existentialism
Correct answer
Perennialism

 Perennialists believe that the focus of education should be the ideas that

have lasted over centuries. They believe the ideas are as relevant and
meaningful today as when they were written. They recommend that students
learn from reading and analyzing the works by history's finest thinkers and
writers.
 A perennialist classroom aims to be a closely organized and well-disciplined
environment, which develops in students a lifelong quest for the truth. For
example, reading, writing, speaking, and listening are emphasized in the
early grades to prepare students in later grades to study literature, history, and
philosophy.
 Perennialist classrooms are also centered on teachers in order to accomplish
these goals. The teachers are not concerned about the students' interests or
experiences. They use tried and true teaching methods and techniques that
are believed to be most beneficial to disciplining students' minds.

12. The establishment of kindergarten classes, elementary and high schools, and higher
institutions of learning point to which characteristic of the Philippine educational
system? 
a) Relevant
b) Complete
c) Integrative
d) Accessible
Correct answer
Complete
 
  Education in the Philippines is offered through formal and non-formal systems. Formal
education typically spans 14 years and is structured in a 6+4+4 system: 6 years of
primary school education, 4 years of secondary school education, and 4 years of higher
education, leading to a bachelor's degree.

 Kindergarten education shall mean one (1) year of preparatory education for children at
least five (5) years old as a prerequisite for Grade I.

 Elementary education refers to the second stage of compulsory basic education which is
composed of six (6) years. The entrant age to this level is typically six (6) years old.

 Secondary education refers to the third stage of compulsory basic education. It consists of
four (4) years of junior high school education and two (2) years of senior high school

13. From whose teaching is the study and passing on of tradition emphasized?  
a) Mohammed's
b) Confucius's
c) Lao tsu's
d) Buddha's
Correct answer
Confucius's

 His philosophical teachings, called Confucianism, emphasized personal and

governmental morality, correctness of social relationships, justice, kindness, and
sincerity. Confucianism was part of the Chinese social fabric and way of life; to
Confucians, everyday life was the arena of religion.
 Confucius believed in the equality and educability of all people. He viewed
education as a means of transformation, the discovery of human nature, and the
cultivation of character. Through education, virtues are developed and integrated.
 Confucius believed that education and reflection led to virtue, and that those who
aspired to command others must cultivate discipline and moral authority in
themselves.
 The core of Confucian educational philosophy is how we learn to be human. ... To
Confucius, lifelong learning enables human beings to realize and practice their true
nature and live happily in and with the worlds of different kinds: universe, nature,
society/other human beings, and inner self 

14. Among others, the 1987 Constitution demands that all educational institutions shall aim
to do the following EXCEPT one. Which is the exception? 
 a) Foster respect for human rights
b) Develop appreciation of the role of national heroes in the historical development of our
country
c) Encourage critical and creative thinking
d) Inculcate love for world class excellence
Correct answer
Inculcate love for world class excellence

(1) All educational institutions shall include the study of the Constitution as
part of the curricula.

(2) They shall inculcate patriotism and nationalism, foster love of humanity,
respect for human rights, appreciation of the role of national heroes in the
historical development of the country, teach the rights and duties of citizenship,
strengthen ethical and spiritual values, develop moral character and personal
discipline, encourage critical and creative thinking, broaden scientific and
technological knowledge, and promote vocational efficiency.

(3) At the option expressed in writing by the parents or guardians, religion shall
be allowed to be taught to their children or wards in public elementary and high
schools within the regular class hours by instructors designated or approved by
the religious authorities of the religion to which the children or wards belong,
without additional cost to the Government.

15. The ascetic way of life is an influence of which thought? 

a) Hindu
b) Shintoist
c) Islamic
d) Taoist
Correct answer
Hindu

 Hindus believe in the doctrines of samsara (the continuous

cycle of life, death, and reincarnation) and karma (the
universal law of cause and effect). One of the key thoughts
of Hinduism is “atman,” or the belief in soul. This
philosophy holds that living creatures have a soul, and
they're all part of the supreme soul.
 16. One facet of understanding, evidence of learning is perspective. Which is an indicator
of perspective? 

a) A bright student refuses to consider that there is another correct solution to the
problem apart from hers.
b) A student explains the arguments for and against the acquittal of Hubert Webb and
group.
c) A teacher cannot accept opinions different from hers.
d) A mother cannot understand why her child's performance is below par.
Correct answer
A student explains the arguments for and against the acquittal of Hubert Webb and group.

 Direct evidence measures student learning by

examining student work or performance
directly. It can offer insight into what and to
what degree students have learned through
evaluating exams, papers, performances,
observations, or other artifacts of student work.

17. On whose teaching is the performance of rituals or ceremonies in schools rooted?  

a) Lao tsu's
b) Buddha's
c) Confucius's
d) Mohammed's
 
Correct answer
Confucius's
 
  Confucius believed that education and reflection led to virtue, and that those who
aspired to command others must cultivate discipline and moral authority in
themselves.
 Confucius considered education as an important tool in the restoration of meaning and
society values. Education was important to Confucianism because it  was seen as a
factor in the cultivation of character and the development of gentlemen who are able
to express themselves in a composed and intelligent manner.
 The most important of these teachings include jen, or “humaneness;” i, or
“righteousness;” li, or “propriety/ritual;” and hsing, or “human nature.” Hsiao, or “filial
piety,” is also a vital concept, one that is central for young people growing up in the

18. Jerome Bruner taught that curriculum should revisit basic ideas and build on them, until
the student grasps the full formal concept. Which curriculum is referred to?  
a) Spiral curriculum
b) Re-structured curriculum
c) Basic curriculum
d) Hidden curriculum
Correct answer
Spiral curriculum
 

 Spiral curriculum, a concept widely attributed to Jerome Bruner [1],

refers to a curriculum design in which key concepts are presented
repeatedly throughout the curriculum, but with deepening layers of
complexity, or in different applications.
 B.C. has used what is called a "spiral" curriculum since 1987,
following a tradition of emulating U.S. educational practice. A spiral
curriculum runs a smorgasbord of math topics by students each year,
the idea being that they pick up a little more of each with every
pass.
 Students can see how one type of knowledge relates to other types of
knowledge. Students have few opportunities to learn and so their
growth is stunted. Students learn best in any subject through
activities involving geometric shapes.

19. Which philosophy emphasizes the authority of the teachers and the value of a subject
matter curriculum? 
 a) Essentialism
b) Idealism
c) Perennialism
d) Realism
 
Correct answer
Essentialism

 Essentialism is an approach assuming that people

and things have natural and essential common
characteristics which are inherent, innate and
unchanging. Thus, it is regarded as an educational
philosophy.
 Educational essentialism is a theory that states
that children should learn the traditional basic
subjects and that these should be learned
thoroughly and rigorously. An essentialist program
normally teaches children progressively, from less
complex skills to more complex.