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General Mathematics: Quarter 1 - Module 9
General Mathematics: Quarter 1 - Module 9
General
Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 9:
Logarithmic Function
General Mathematics – Grade 11
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Module 9: Logarithmic Function
First Edition, 2020
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General
Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 5:
Logarithmic Functions
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration
their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:
As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
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For the learner:
The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.
What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.
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skill into real life situations or concerns.
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
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What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master the Logarithmic Functions. The scope of this module permits it to be used
in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse
vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard
sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to
correspond with the textbook you are now using.
What I Know
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.
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5. How do you describe the graph of this function y=log1/2x?
A.The graph of the function is increasing
B.The graph of the function is decreasing
C.The graph of the function does not exist
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Lesson
Logarithmic Functions
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At this point, we already learned that logarithmic function is the inverse of
the exponential function, however, logarithm was discovered earlier than
exponential*. In this topic we will be representing the logarithmic function through
table of values, graphs and equations.
What’s In
What’s New
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What is It
Solution:
STEP 1: Construct a table of values of ordered pairs for the given function. A
table of values for 𝑦 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 𝑋 is as follows:
x 1 1 1 1 1 2 4 8
16 8 4 2
y -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
If 𝑥 = 2
𝑦 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 𝑋
𝑦 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 2 substitute 2 to x
𝑦 = 21 solve for y
If y=0
𝑦 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 𝑋
0 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 𝑋 substitute 0 to y
TAKE NOTE:
You can use any of the given technique above (assuming y or assuming x)
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STEP 2: Plot the points found in the Table, and connect them using a
smooth curve.
OBSERVATION:
It can be observed that function is defined only for x>0. The function is strictly
increasing and attains all real values. As x approaches 0 from the right, the
function decreases without bound, i.e., the line x = 0 is a vertical asymptote.
Usually, a logarithm consists of three parts. Let us come to name of those three
parts with an example. 𝑙𝑜𝑔10 𝐴 = 𝐵
In the logarithmic function 𝑦 = 𝑙𝑜(𝑥), the argument is ‘x’ and it must always
be a positive value. So, the values of x must be greater than zero. Therefore, the
domain of the logarithmic function is x>0 or (0, ∞).
For example, consider f(x) = log4(2x-3). This function is defined for any values
of x such that the argument, in this case 2x-3, is greater than zero. To find the
domain, we set up an inequality and solve for x:
2x-3>0 Show the argument greater than zero
2x>3 Add 3 to both sides
x>1.5 Divide by 2
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In interval notation, the domain of f(x) = log 4(2x-3) is (1.5,∞).
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when y=0. Hence the x-intercept is 2. We will solve for x if y=0.
𝑦 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 5 (𝑥 − 1)
What’s More
1. 𝒚 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑 𝒙
X
Y -3 -2 -2 0 1 2 3
2. 𝒚 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟏 𝒙
𝟒
X
Y -3 -2 -2 0 1 2 3
3. 𝒚 = 𝟐𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟏 x
𝟒
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X
Y -3 -2 -2 0 1 2 3
Based on your understanding of our lesson, fill the blank with the correct
words.
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3. It can be observed that the function y =logb X (0<b<1). The function is
strictly _______________, and attains all real values.
4. Before plotting the graph, we need to create the ___________________.
5. In the function y = logb X (0<b<1), the line _____________ is the vertical
asymptote.
6. The intercepts can be ___-intercept or ____-intercept.
7. The x-intercept is the ____ of the point (a,0) which is a, while y-intercept is
the ____ of the point (0,b) which is b.
8. The x-intercept is also known as the ______ of the logarithmic function.
9. The x-intercept is the value of x when _____ and the y-intercept is the value
of y when _____.
10. The asymptote of the function f(x)= log(x-h)+k is ______.
11. The logarithmic function f(x)= log(x-h)+k has no ______ asymptote, it is
always a ______ asymptote.
12. The natural logarithm, lnx = _____ and logx = ______.
13. Whenever the y-intercept of the logarithmic function does not exist, we write
_____.
14. It is ____ (True, False) that the x-intercept, asymptote, and graph of f(x)=
log1/2x is the same with f(x)=-log2x.
15. The transmission rate of COVID-19 is 0.3, which is y= log1.3x. The x-
intercept is ___.
What I Can Do
1. The decibel level of sound in a quiet office is 10-6 watts/m2. what is the
corresponding sound intensity in decibel? How much more intense is this
sound than the least audible sound a human can hear?
2. The transmission rate of covid-19 is 0.3, a total case of f(x)= log1.3x+1.
Evaluate f(30,000) then Graph the function, identify the domain and range.
Provide an Interpretation of your answers.
Assessment
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.
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2. What do you think is the inverse of exponential function?
A. Logarithm Function
B. Rational Function
C. Irrational Function
3. If translated to logarithmic function, how does 2x=y transform?
A.x=log2y B.y=log2x C.2=logxy
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Additional Activity
1. Graph the function f(x)= log2 (x-1)+2. Then determine the domain and range of
the function.
2. If the rate of transmission of an additional case of covid-19 is 0.3 per day
starting February 15, 2020 with three cases, that is f(x) = log1.3 (x) + 3, after how
many days it will become 109 Million cases?
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What I have Learned
1. Logarithmic
What I What's More Function
Know A1. 1. 2.Increasing
3.Decreasing
1. B X 1 1 1 0 3 9 27 4.Table of values
2. A 5.X=0
27 9 3
3. A y -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 6.X, y
4. A 7. Abscissa, ordinate
5. B
2. 8.Zero
6. B
9.Y=0, x=0
7. C X 64 16 4 1 1 1 1
8. C 10.X=h
4 16 64 11.Horizontal, Vertical
9. C y -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
10.B 12.logex, log10x
11.A 13.None
3.
12.B X 128 32 8 1 1 1 1 14.True
13.D 15. One or 1
8 32 128
14.B y -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 What Can I Do
15.D 1. 40 days to reach
A.2 30K
1. Domain: x > 0 Range: 2. X-int: 0.769 Y-
All real nos
int: none V.A:
2. Domain: x > 5
Range: All real nos x=0 or y-axis
3. Domain: x > -1 Range: Assessment
All real nos 1. B
A3 2. A
3. A
1. x:2, y: none, VA: x=1 4. A
2. x:0,y:0, VA: x=-1 5. B
3. x:-1, y:-1, VA:x=-2 6. B
4. x:0, y:0, VA: x= -1 7. C
5. x:3, y: none, VA:x=2 8. C
6. x:0, y:0, VA: x= -1 9. C
7.x:4, y: none,VA:x=3 10.B
8. x-int: 1 11.A
9. x-int: -1, y-int: -1 12.B
13.D
10. x-int: 1
14.B
15.D
Answer Key
References
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DISCLAIMER
This Self-learning Module (SLM) was developed by DepEd SOCCSKSARGEN with
the primary objective of preparing for and addressing the new normal. Contents
of this module were based on DepEd’s Most Essential Learning Competencies
(MELC). This is a supplementary material to be used by all learners of Region
XII in all public schools beginning SY 2020-2021. The process of LR
development was observed in the production of this module. This is version 1.0.
We highly encourage feedback, comments, and recommendations.