International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering (IJSRE) Vol.

1 (3), March, 2017

STREET LIGHT THAT GLOWS ON DETECTING

VEHICLE MOVEMENT USING SENSOR
1
Ankit Patel ,2 Snehal Patel
Student, Electronics and Communication department, Laxmi institute of Technology, Sarigam-Valsad. Gujarat

Corresponding Author Detail: Internal Guide Detail:

Ankit Patel, Mr.Mitesh B. Nakrani
Student, ECE department, Assistant Professor, ECE Department,
Laxmi institute of Technology, Laxmi institute of Technology,
Sarigam-Valsad, Gujarat. Sarigam-Valsad. Gujarat.

ABSTRACT

The project is to designed detect vehicle movement on highways to switch ON only a block of street
lights ahead of the vehicle, and to switch OFF the behind lights to save energy. During night all the
lights on the highway remain ON for the vehicles, but lots of energy is wasted when there is no
vehicle his movement.
This proposed system provides a solution for energy saving. This is achieved by sensing an
approaching vehicle and switches ON a block of street lights ahead of the vehicle. As the vehicle
passes by the behind lights switch OFF automatically. So when there are no vehicles on the highway,
then all the lights remain OFF. Sensors used on either sides of the road send logic commands to
microcontroller to switch ON/OFF the LEDs. Intensity control is also possible by Pulse Width
Modulation (PWM) generated by the microcontroller. Thus this way of dynamically changing
intensity ON/OFF helps in saving a lot of energy.

KEYWORDS: Microcontroller, Sensor, Street Light

INTRODUCTION

Street lighting provides a safe nighttime environment for all road users including pedestrians.
Providing street lighting is one of the most important and expensive responsibilities of a city.
Lighting can account for 10–38% of the total energy bill in typical cities worldwide. Street lighting is
a particularly critical concern for public authorities in developing countries because of its strategic
importance for economic and social stability. Inefficient lighting wastes significant financial
resources every year, and poor lighting creates unsafe conditions. Energy efficient technologies and
design mechanism can reduce cost of the street lighting drastically.
The main objective of the present project is to reduce the power consumption and efficient utilization
of renewable sources for the application of street lightening and traffic signaling. Hence, this paper is
aimed at design and implementation of an automatic system to control the traffic and reduce energy
consumption of streets public lighting system up to the maximum possible extent. The density of
traffic is sensed by using an array of Infrared Sensors (IR), which senses the traffic movement. LDR
is used to detect the presence of day light. The proposed system is able to control the traffic during
the day as well as night. In this system, the streetlights are switched ON/OFF automatically during
the presence of the traffics only during the nights.

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 International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering (IJSRE) Vol. 1 (3), March, 2017
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION:

BLOCK DIAGRAM

Figure-1 Block Diagram

WORKING:

The highway model consists of LED’s as street lights and pairs of photodiodes-IR diodes used as
sensors. The IR diodes are placed on one side of the road and photodiodes are placed on the other
side of the road, directly facing the IR diodes. Consider, when there is no vehicle on the highway. In
this case, the IR radiation emitted from the IR diode directly falls on the photodiode which is exactly
opposite to it. This causes the photodiode to fall in conduction state. This implies that photodiode
conducts and current passes through it.

The current passes through the photodiode and goes through the variable resistor. So, to summarize
we can say that, when there is no vehicle on the highway, then all the inputs to the microcontroller
port 1 is ZERO. Consider the case when a vehicle obstructs the IR radiation path. In this case, IR
radiation is blocked and hence it does not fall on the photodiode. This in turn implies that photodiode
doesn't conduct.

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 International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering (IJSRE) Vol. 1 (3), March, 2017
RESULTS:

Figure 2 Results Figure 3 Results

ADVANTAGES

 This circuit uses LED Bulbs, so it is very low cost and it has more life span.
 Maximum energy can be saved.
 Light sensors used have high sensitivity and are easily implementable.

CONCLUSION

Proposed system is power saving mechanism for street lights by using LED lamps as replacement of
normal lamps and using special power savings mechanism for microcontroller. It turns out most
reliable and time efficient way to switch ON/OFF streetlights. It provides an effective measure to
save energy by preventing unnecessary wastage of electricity, caused due to manual switching or
lighting of street-lights when it is not required.

REFERENCE

1. Commission International de 1'Eclairage. (1992) Road Lighting as an Accident Counter

measure1. Reinhard Mullner, Andreas Riener, (2011) "An energy efficient pedestrian aware
Smart Street Lighting system", International Journal of Pervasive Computing and
Communications, Vol.7 Iss: 2, pp.147 – 161.
2. “Electrical Power Distribution System For Street Lightning”. Denis Enberg, Electric City
Corporation.

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