General

Chemistry 1 11
General Chemistry 1 – Grade 11
Quarter 1 – Module 10: Percentage Composition of Compounds
First Edition, 2020

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 General
Chemistry 1 11
Quarter 1
Self-Learning Module 10
Percentage Composition of Compounds
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Chemistry 1 Self-Learning Module 10 on Percentage

Composition of Compounds

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Chemistry 1 Self-Learning Module 10 on Percentage

Composition of Compounds

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest – This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS
This module is developed and designed for Senior High School STEM
students. Specifically, after having this learning module ,you are expected to:
1. Explain percentage composition.
2. Calculate the percent composition of a compound from its chemical
formula.
3. Realize the importance of percent composition in determining the amounts
of components in various products.

PRETEST

Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer:

1. Which of the following best describe percent composition of a compound?
A. It refers to the percentage by mass of the compound.
B. It refers to the sum of atomic masses of each atom in the formula.
C. It refers to the number of atoms and the kind of atoms present in the
formula.
D. It refers to the percentage by mass of each element present in the
substance.

2. What is the percent composition of each element in ammonium sulphide?

A. 21% N, 6% H, 24 % S, 48% O
B. 28% N, 8% H, 64% S
C. 41.13% N, 11.88 % H, 47% S
D. 12% N, 4% H, 28% S, 56% O

3. The percentage of C in sugar (C6H 22O11) is

A. 3.5 % B. 26.64 % C. 8.3 % D. 57.9 %

4. What is the mass percentage of iron in the compound Fe 2O3?

A. 69.9 % Fe B. 75% Fe C. 68 % Fe D. 70% Fe

5. All of the following are uses of percentage composition EXCEPT for?

A. Evaluating the relative abundance of a given element in different
compounds of known formulas.
B. Determining the percentage composition of the components for various
food products.
C. Collecting and presentation of evidences that may be used in a court of
law.
D. Developing new compounds for variety of uses.
 RECAP
In your previous self learning module, you have learned about mole ,
molecular mass of elements and compounds. Now , this time, you will learn about
percentage composition.But before that, let us recall first your lesson about moles
and molar mass by answering the exercises below. You may use separate sheet of
paper as your answer sheet.

Solve the following:

 LESSON

Did you ever try to look at the label of your favorite shirt? What kind of fiber
is it made up of ?Look at the picture below, it shows some labels of shirts wherein
you can see the kind of material it is made up of.

What can you say about its composition, is it 100% cotton or its fabric is
consists of a combination of 2 or more kinds of fibers? There are shirts that are
combination of cotton and nylon,while others are combination of cotton, nylon, linen
or spandex. On some tags you may read 65% cotton and 35 % nylon. This is the
percent composition of the shirt’s fabric. In this learning module, you will learn that
the percent composition of compounds is necessary in Chemistry.

The Percent Composition of a Compound

The percentage composition of a certain chemical substance will help a chemist

to determine how much of each element or polyatomic ions are present in a
compound on a percentage basis.This knowledge will aid the chemist determine the
purity of a substance to be used in a given experiment.
In Chemistry, the amounts of the elements in a compound can be expressed as
the percent composition or the percent by mass of each element present in the
compound.
So, how will you compute for the percentage composition of a compound?

The percentage of each element in a compound may be expressed as:

number of atoms of the elements x atomic mass X 100

Percentage of each element =
formula mass

Rules for Calculating the percentage by mass:

1. Write down the chemical formula of the substance correctly.

2. Find its molecular or formula mass.
3. Express the total mass of each element as a percentage of the molecular mass
or formula mass.
4. The sum of all the percentages must be 100.
Sample Problem 1: What percent of lithium chloride monohydrate (LiCl∙H 2O ) is
water?
Formula mass of LiCl∙ H2 O = 60 grams

% of H2O = 18 X 100 = 30 %
60
Sample Problem 2 : Phosphoric acid (H3PO4 ) is used in fertilizers, toothpaste,
detergents , and carbonated beverages. Compute the percentage composition by
mass of hydrogen, phosphorus and oxygen in the compound.

Solution:
Molar Mass of H3PO4 = 98 grams
3 X 100 = 3%
% of H=
98

31
% of P= X 100 = 32 %
98

64
% of O = X 100 = 65 %
98

Total = 100%

Sample Problem 3 : Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) , also called baking soda, is

used as a natural cleaner and is an active ingredient in antacids. Compute its
percentage composition.

Solution:
➢ In this problem you are only given the chemical formula, Hence, assume
there is one mole of NaHCO3 .
➢ Calculate the molar mass of NaHCO3 from the mass of each element present
in one mole of NaHCO3 .
➢ The atomic masses of each element with three significant figures are found
to be: Na= 23.0 ; H= 1.01 ; C=12.0 ; O= 16.0
➢ The mass of each element present in one mole of NaHCO 3 , is as follows:

mass of Na = 1 mol Na x 23.0 g Na = 23.0 g Na

1 mol Na

mass of H = 1 mol H x 1.01 g H = 1.01 g H

1 mol H
mass of C = 1 mol C x 12.0 g C = 12. 0 g C
1 mol C
16.0 g O = 48.0 g O
mass of O = 1 mol O x
1 mol O
The molar mass NaHCO3 is 23.0 g + 1.01 g + 12.0 g + 48. 0 g = 84.0 g/mol
 The percent by mass of the elements are:
23.0 gNa
mass % of Na = X 100 = 27.4 %
84.0 g NaHCO3
%Your text here
mass % of H = 1.01 g H
84.0 g NaHCO3 X 100 = 1.20 %

12.0 g C X 100 = 14.3 %

mass % of C =
84.0 g NaHCO3

48.0 g O X 100 = 57. 1 %

mass % of O =
84.0 g NaHCO3
Answer: The percent composition of NaHCO 3 is 27.4 % Na, 1.20 % H,
14.3 % C, and 57. 1 % O .

Source : General Chemistry 1 , 2017

ACTIVITIES

Activity 1
Direction: Complete the table. Compute the percentage composition of the following
compounds. Write your answer on another sheet of paper.

Element Number Total Molar Percentage

Present of Atoms mass of Mass of Composition
Formula Present each the
Element Compound
1. NaCl
2. PbS
3. (NH4)3PO4
4. AlCl3
5. C9 H8O4

Activity 2.
A. Compute for the percent by mass of oxygen in the following
compounds.
1. Al2 (SO4)2
2. Fe2O3
3. NaOH
 4. C12H12O6
5. Ca3 (PO4)2

B. Compute for the percent by mass of water in the following compounds:

1. CuSO4∙ 5H2O
2. Na2CO3∙ 10 H2O
3. Na2Br4O7∙ 10 H2O

Activity 3

Solve the following:

1. Calculate the percentage composition by mass of all the elements in calcium

phosphate {Ca3 (PO4))2 , a major component of the bone.

2. All of the substances listed below are are fertilizers that contribute nitrogen to
soil. Which of the following is the richest source of nitrogen on a mass percentage
basis?

a. Urea, (NH2 )2 CO
b. Ammonium nitrate, NH4 NO3
c. Guanidine, HNC (NH2)2
d. Ammonia, NH3

3. Aspirin is a compound with the molecular formula C 9H8O4. What is its percent
composition?

WRAP–UP
Let us now summarized the lessons you have learned in this self learning
module by filling up the blanks given below. Choose your answer from the word pool.
Use another sheet of paper for your answers.

Word Pool:
total mass chemical formula mass of element
Formula mass percentage composition

(1.) _________________ of a substance is the sum of the atomic masses of each

atom in its (2.)_______________ . It is calculated by simply adding up all of the atomic
masses for the atoms that make up the compound.
(3.) ___________________ of a compound is the percentage by mass contributed
by each element in the substance. It may be calculated by dividing the (4.)_______by
the (5.) _______________________and then multiplying it by 100.
 VALUING

When the Covid 19 spreads out , a lot of people tend to panic buy alcohols,
face masks and gloves to protect them from the virus. There is such time wherein
these things were out of stock. Now, when you buy alcohol, you prefer to choose 70
% alcohol rather than 40 % alcohol. Why? What is the difference between a 40%
alchol from a 70% alcohol? Write your reasons in a separate sheet of paper.

POST TEST

Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer:

1. What is percent composition of a compound?

A. It is the percentage by mass of each element in the substance.
B. It is merely the sum of atomic masses of each element multiplied by 100.
C. It is the number of atoms present in a substance multiplied by 100.
D. It is the percentage of the total mass of the substance.

2. Considerjng the following substances as the common nitrogen-containing fertilizers :

ammonia (NH 3), ammonium nitrate (NH 4NO3), and urea (CH 4N2O).Which among
these substances has the highest source of nitrogen?
A. Urea
B. Ammonia
C. Ammonium nitrate
D. All of them have the same amount of nitrogen
3. Calcium phosphate (Ca 3 (PO4)2 , a major component of the bone. How many percent
by mass of calcium is present in calcium phosphate?
A. 41.29% Ca C. 37.65 % Ca
B. 38.71 % Ca D. 20% Ca

4. What is the percent composition of each element in sodium carbonate ( Na2 CO3 )?
A. 43.40% Na, 11.32 % C and 45.28 % O
B. 45.28% Na, 11.32% C and 43.40% O
C. 43.40 % Na, 45.28% O and 11.32 % O
 D. 11.32 % Na, 43.40% C and 45.28 % O
5. All of the following are usefulness of percent composition EXCEPT:
A. Percent composition determine the relative abundance of a given element
in different compounds.
B. Percent composition determine the toxicity of elements.
C. Percent composition is useful for chemist in discovering new substances.
D. Percent composition identify the unknown component in a compound.

KEY TO CORRECTION
Pre Test Recap
Activities
Activity 1

Activity 2 Activity 3
 Post Test
Wrap up

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