General Mathematics

Work text 1
(Operations and Compositions of Functions)
General Mathematics – Grade 11
Work Text 1
Quarter 1 – Operations of Functions

After going through this module, you are expected to:

• Performs addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and composition
of functions. M11GM-la-3

Lesson
Operations of Functions
1

Lesson 1A: Addition of Functions

Let f and g be functions. Their sum, denoted by f + g, is the function denoted

by: (f + g)(x) = f(x) + g(x).

Example:

• F(x) = 2x + 7
• G(x) = 3x – 5
• H(x) = 4x + 2

Determine the Following using Addition of Functions.

1. (F + G)(x)

2. (G + H)(x)

3. (H + F)(x)

Solution:

1. (F + G)(x) = (2x + 7) + (3x – 5)

= 2x + 7 + 3x – 5
= 5x + 2

2. (G + H)(x) = (3x – 5) + (4x + 2)

= 3x – 5 + 4x + 2
= 7x – 3
 3. (H + F)(x) = (4x + 2) + (2x + 7)
= 4x + 2 + 2x + 7
= 6x + 9

Lesson 1B: Subtraction of Functions

Let f and g be functions. Their difference, denoted by f - g, is the function

denoted by: (f - g)(x) = f(x) - g(x).

Example:

• F(x) = 2x + 7
• G(x) = 3x – 5
• H(x) = 4x + 2

Determine the Following using Subtraction of Functions.

1. (F - G)(x)

2. (G - H)(x)

3. (H - F)(x)

Solution:

1. (F - G)(x) = (2x + 7) - (3x – 5)

= 2x + 7 - 3x + 5
= -x + 12

2. (G - H)(x) = (3x – 5) - (4x + 2)

= 3x – 5 - 4x - 2
= -x – 7

3. (H - F)(x) = (4x + 2) - (2x + 7)

= 4x + 2 - 2x - 7
= 2x – 5
Lesson 1C: Multiplication of Functions

Let f and g be functions. Their product, denoted by f ∙ g, is the function

denoted by: (f ∙ g)(x) = f(x) ∙ g(x).

Example:

• F(x) = 2x + 7
• G(x) = 3x – 5
• H(x) = 4x + 2

Determine the Following using Multiplication of Functions.

1. (F ∙ G)(x)

2. (G ∙ H)(x)

3. (H ∙ F)(x)

Solution:

1. (F ∙ G)(x) = (2x + 7)(3x – 5)

= 6x2 – 10x + 21x - 35
= 6x2 + 11x - 35

2. (G ∙ H)(x) = (3x – 5)(4x + 2)

= 12x2 + 6x - 20x - 10
= 12x2 - 14x - 10

3. (H ∙ F)(x) = (4x + 2)(2x + 7)

= 8x2 + 28x + 4x + 14
= 8x2 + 32x + 14

Lesson 1D: Division of Functions

Let f and g be functions. Their quotient, denoted by f / g, is the function

denoted by: (f / g)(x) = f(x) / g(x), excluding the values of x where g(x) = 0

Example:

• F(x) = 2x + 7
• G(x) = 3x – 5
• H(x) = 4x + 2
Determine the Following using Multiplication of Functions.

1. (F / G)(x)

2. (G / H)(x)

3. (H / F)(x)

Solution:

1. (F / G)(x) = (2x + 7) ÷ (3x – 5)

𝟐𝐱 + 𝟕
= 𝟑𝐱 – 𝟓

2. (G / H)(x) = (3x – 5) ÷ (4x + 2)

𝟑𝐱 – 𝟓
= 𝟒𝐱 + 𝟐

3. (H / F)(x) = (4x + 2) ÷ (2x + 7)

𝟒𝐱 + 𝟐
= 𝟐𝐱 + 𝟕

What’s More

Let function be defined as:

• F(x) = 3x + 16
• G(x) = 8x – 11
• H(x) = 14x + 2
• I(x) = -6x – 4
• J(x) = 2x + 20

Find:

1. (F / G)(x)
 2. (G ∙ I)(x)

3. (J - F)(x)

4. (G + H)(x)

5. (I ∙ G)(x)

6. (F ∙ I)(x)

7. (J / G)(x)

8. (H + H)(x)

9. (I - I)(x)

10.(F ∙ I)(x)

For better understanding about Operations of functions,

click the link and watch a video tutorial.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zUADAT9lxwk

Lesson
Composition of Functions
2

Let f and g be functions. The composite function denoted by (f ∘ g) is defined

by (f ∘ g)(x) = f(g(x)). The process of obtaining a composite function is called
function composition

Example:

Use the following functions:

• F(x) = 2x + 7
• G(x) = 3x – 5
• H(x) = 4x + 2
 1. Find and simplify (G ∘ F)(x).

Solution:

(G ∘ F)(x) = G(F(x)) = 3(2x + 7) – 5

= 6x + 21 – 5
= 6x + 16

2. Find and simplify (H ∘ F)(x).

Solution:

(H ∘ F)(x) = H(F(x)) = 4(2x + 7) + 2

= 8x + 28 + 2
= 8x + 30

3. Find and simplify (G ∘ H)(x).

Solution:

(G ∘ H)(x) = G(H(x)) = 3(4x + 2) - 5

= 12x + 6 - 5
= 12x + 1

4. Find and simplify (H ∘ H)(x).

Solution:

(H ∘ H)(x) = H(H(x)) = 4(4x + 2) + 2

= 16x + 8 + 2
= 16x + 10

5. Find and simplify (G ∘ G)(x).

Solution:

(G ∘ G)(x) = G(G(x)) = 3(3x - 5) - 5

= 9x - 15 – 5
= 9x - 10
 What’s More

Let function be defined as:

• F(x) = 2x + 7

• G(x) = 6x2 + 3x – 4

2x−4
• H(x) = 5x+3

Find and simplify the following composite functions:

1. (G ∘ F)(x)

2. (H ∘ F)(x)

3. (G ∘ H)(x)

4. (H ∘ H)(x)

5. (G ∘ G)(x)

For better understanding about Composition of functions,

click the link and watch a video tutorial.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vN5yovD0GsA

What I have Learned

Let f and g be functions.

• Their sum, denoted by f + g, is the function denoted by: (f + g)(x) = f(x) +

g(x).
 • Their difference, denoted by f - g, is the function denoted by: (f - g)(x) =
f(x) - g(x).
• Their product, denoted by f ∙ g, is the function denoted by: (f ∙ g)(x) = f(x) ∙
g(x).
• Their quotient, denoted by f / g, is the function denoted by: (f / g)(x) =
f(x) / g(x), excluding the values of x where g(x) = 0.
• The composite function denoted by (f ∘ g) is defined by (f ∘ g)(x) = f(g(x)).
The process of obtaining a composite function is called function
composition.

References:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wulS8oDHEsc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q06AoFG8D2Q
https://www.mathsisfun.com/sets/functions-operations.html
https://www.purplemath.com/modules/fcnops.htm
https://www.mathsisfun.com/sets/functions-composition.html