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Trends, Networks, and Critical Thinking in The 21St Century
Trends, Networks, and Critical Thinking in The 21St Century
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Welcome to the Trends, Networks, and Critical Thinking in the 21st Century-
Grade 12 Self-Learning Module on Apply Strategic analysis/Thinking Networks!
This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:
As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the Learner:
Welcome to the Trends, Networks, and Critical Thinking in the 21st Century
Self-Learning Module on Apply strategic analysis/thinking networks!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.
Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
EXPECTATIONS
2. Apply strategic analysis and strategic thinking using color coded map of
networks of power relations within particular community
PRETEST
Directions: Choose the words in the given box according to its organization.
Write the answer on the blank provided. (10 points).
SWOT
1. S___________
2. W__________ POLICY, POLITICAL, PRACTICAL
3. O___________ ECONOMIC, ECOLOGY, ECOSYSTEM
4. T___________ EXECUTIVE, ENVIRONMENTAL
SORORITY, SOCIETAL, SOCIOLOGY
PESTLE TECHNICAL, TECHNOLOGICAL
LOGIC, LEGAL, LABOR
5. P__________ EARTH, ETHICAL, ELECTRICAL
6. E__________ STRETCH, STRENGTHS, SUPPLIERS
7. S__________ WEAKNESSES, WORKOUT, WORLD
8. T__________ OBEDIENT, OPPORTUNITIES, OATH
9. L__________
THREATHS, TANGIBLE, TUTELAGE
10. E__________
RECAP
Directions: Find and encircle the words that correspond to each number. (5
points).
L O C A L N E T W O R K
O L A E C A R S P O T I
V D R V T T H R E N D N
E C T I P L A C E A B D
E N S T R A T E G I C F
P O O I W O R L D E I I
K S L U K G I S A P O R
B S D T H I N K I N G E
V E B N P O D E L L A C
I L S I S Y L A N A A K
1. LOCAL NETWORK
2. STRATEGIC
3. THINKING
4. ANALYSIS
5. INTUITIVE
LESSON
Understanding SWOT analysis gives the organization and businesses the edge and
chance assessing how to; capitalize on strengths, minimize the effects of
organizational weaknesses, make the most of any opportunities, and reduce the
impact of any threats the organization or business model might potentially
encounter along the way.
SWOT analysis is divided into two categories: internal factors (strength and
weaknesses) and external factors (opportunities and threats). It is important to
point out that strengths and weaknesses are current or backward-looking, and
opportunities and threats are forward-looking. By performing a SWOT analysis, we
will be able to build a bridge between what the company and organization has
accomplished to date and the strategic alternatives that are going to be generated.
For internal factors, strengths are the characteristics that give the business and
organization its competitive advantage, while weaknesses are characteristics that
a company or organization needs to overcome in order to improve its performance.
On the other hand, external factors referred to opportunities which are elements
that the company or organization sees in the external environment that it could
pursue in the future to generate value. Threats are elements in the external
environment that could prevent the company or organization from achieving its
goal or its mission or creating value (definition adopted from
CorporateFinanceInstitute.com, 2021).
Political Factors
These determine the extent to which government and government policy may
impact on an organization or a specific industry. This would include political policy
and stability as well as trade, fiscal and taxation policies too.
Economic Factors
These factors impact on the economy and its performance, which in turn directly
impacts on the organization and its profitability. Factors include interest rates,
employment or unemployment rates, raw material costs and foreign exchange
rates.
Social Factors
These factors focus on the social environment and identify emerging trends. This
helps a marketer to further understand their customers’ needs and wants. Factors
include changing family demographics, education levels, cultural trends, attitude
changes and changes in lifestyles.
Technological Factors
These factors consider the rate of technological innovation and development that
could affect a market or industry. Factors could include changes in digital or
mobile technology, automation, research and development. There is often a
tendency to focus on developments only in digital technology, but consideration
must also be given to new methods of distribution, manufacturing and also
logistics.
Environmental Factors
These factors relate to the influence of the surrounding environment and the
impact of ecological aspects. With the rise in importance of CSR (Corporate
Sustainability Responsibility), this element is becoming more important. Factors
include climate, recycling procedures, carbon footprint, waste disposal and
sustainability
Legal Factors
An organization must understand what is legal and allowed within the territories
they operate in. They also must be aware of any change in legislation and the
impact this may have on business operations. Factors include employment
legislation, consumer law, healthy and safety, international as well as trade
regulation and restrictions. Political factors do cross over with legal factors;
however, the key difference is that political factors are led by government policy,
whereas legal factors must be complied with.
Ethical Factors
The most recent addition to PESTEL is the extra E - making it PESTELE or
STEEPLE. This stands for ethical, and includes ethical principles and moral or
ethical problems that can arise in a business. It considers things such as fair trade,
slavery acts and child labor, as well as corporate social responsibility (CSR), where
a business contributes to local or societal goals such as volunteering or taking part
in philanthropic, activist, or charitable activities (Professionalacademy.com, 2021).
3. Porter's Five Forces framework
Porter's Five Forces is a strategic analysis model that helps to explain why various
industries are able to sustain different levels of profitability. The model was
published in Michael E. Porter's book, "Competitive Strategy: Techniques for
Analyzing Industries and Competitors" in 1980. The five forces are frequently used
to measure competition intensity, attractiveness, and profitability of an industry
or market (Investopedia.com, 2020).
Porter's Five Forces is a framework for looking at the strength of five important
factors that affect competition - potential entrants, existing competitors, buyers,
suppliers and alternative products/services. Using this model, you can build a
strategy to keep ahead of these influences.
Power of suppliers
The next factor in the five forces model addresses how easily suppliers can drive
up the cost of inputs. It is affected by the number of suppliers of key inputs of a
good or service, how unique these inputs are, and how much it would cost a
company to switch to another supplier. The fewer suppliers to an industry, the
more a company would depend on a supplier. As a result, the supplier has more
power and can drive up input costs and push for other advantages in trade. On
the other hand, when there are many suppliers or low switching costs between
rival suppliers, a company can keep its input costs lower and enhance its profits.
Power of customers
The ability that customers have to drive prices lower or their level of power is one
of the five forces. It is affected by how many buyers or customers a company has,
how significant each customer is, and how much it would cost a company to find
new customers or markets for its output. A smaller and more powerful client base
means that each customer has more power to negotiate for lower prices and better
deals. A company that has many, smaller, independent customers will have an
easier time charging higher prices to increase profitability.
Threat of substitute products
The last of the five forces focuses on substitutes. Substitute goods or services that
can be used in place of a company's products or services pose a threat. Companies
that produce goods or services for which there are no close substitutes will have
more power to increase prices and lock in favorable terms. When close substitutes
are available, customers will have the option to forgo buying a company's product,
and a company's power can be weakened.
ACTIVITIES
ACTIVITY 1
WRAP-UP
A strategy is how something gets done, not just what you do. A
strategy is your approach. It is your positioning. It is your smart
way of reaching the goal with the least amount of wasted effort or
cost. With a strategy, you are not always working directly on the
goal itself, but rather on improving or positioning the
environments, relationships, resources, flows, systems, or even
yourself.
POSTTEST
Directions: Read carefully each questions and encircle the letter of the
correct answer. (10 points)
KEY TO CORRECTION