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Elements of Mechatronics: V. Thulasikanth
Elements of Mechatronics: V. Thulasikanth
Elements of Mechatronics: V. Thulasikanth
ELEMENTS OF MECHATRONICS
By
V. THULASIKANTH
Assistant Professor
Mechanical Engineering Department
vtkvsk@gmail.com
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Topics
SL.NO TOPIC
“The word, mechatronics, is composed of ‘mecha’ from mechanism and the ‘tronics’
from electronics.
In 1996, Harashima, Tomizuka, and Fukuda defined mechatronics as being “the
synergistic integration of mechanical engineering, with electronics and intelligent computer
control in the design and manufacturing of industrial products and processes.”
Bolton presented yet another definition by saying “a mechatronic system is not just a
marriage of electrical and mechanical systems and is more than just a control system; the
mechatronic system is a complete integration of them all.”
Mechatronics is the field of study concerned with the design, selection, analysis, and
control of systems that combine mechanical elements with electronic components,
including computers and/or microcontrollers.
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Working definition
Mechatronics is the synergistic integration of sensors, actuators, signal conditioning, power
electronics, decision and control algorithms, and computer hardware and software to
manage complexity, uncertainty, and communication in engineered systems.
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Graphical Representation of Mechatronics
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Evolution of Mechatronics
Technological advances in design, manufacturing, and operation of engineered
products/devices/processes can be traced through:
– Industrial revolution
– Semiconductor revolution
– Information revolution
Industrial Revolution
• Allowed design of products and processes for energy conversion and transmission thus
allowing the use of energy to do useful work.
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Semiconductor Revolution
• Effective, miniaturized, power electronics could amplify and deliver needed amount of
power to actuators.
• Signal conditioning electronics could filter and encode sensory data in analog/digital
format.
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Information Revolution
• Development of VLSI technology led to the introduction of microprocessor,
microcomputer, and microcontroller.
• Result: Highly efficient products and processes are now being developed by
judicious selection and integration of sensors, actuators, signal conditioning, power
electronics, decision and control algorithms, and computer hardware and software.
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Mechatronics has evolved through the following stages:
• Primary Level Mechatronics: Integrates electrical signaling with mechanical action at the
basic control level for e.g.fluid valves and relay switches
• Quaternary Level Mechatronics: This level attempts to improve smartness a step ahead
by introducing intelligence ( artificial neutral network and fuzzy logic ) and fault detection
and isolation ( F.D.I.) capability into the system.
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Mechatronics Applications
• Smart consumer products: home security, camera, microwave oven, toaster, dish washer,
laundry washer-dryer, climate control units, Automatic Digital Cemera etc.
• Defense: unmanned air, ground, and underwater vehicles, smart weapons, jet engines, etc.
• Automotive: climate control, antilock brake, active suspension, cruise control, air bags,
engine management, safety, etc.
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Advantages of Mechatronics
Cost effective and good quality products
High degree of flexibility to modify or redesign
Very good performance characteristics
Wide are of application
Greater productivity in case of manufacturing organization
Greater extend of machine utilization
Disadvantages of Mechatronics
High Initial cost
Multi-disciplinary engineering background required to design and implementation
Need of highly trained workers
Complexity in identification an correction of problems in the system
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Elements of Mechatronics System
Actuators & Sensors
Actuators Sensors
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Signals & Conditioning
Mechatronic system deals with two types of signals and conditioning , i.e.
Input & Output
Input devices receive input signals from the mechatronics system via
interfacing devices an sensors.
From sensors the signal is send to the control circuits for conditioning or
processing.
Various input signal conditioning devices are amplifiers, A2D, D2D converters .
Output signals from the system are send to the output/display devices through
interfacing devices
Various output signal conditioning devices are D2A, display decoders, power
transistors, op-amps.
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Digital Thermometer
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Digital Logic System
It will control overall system operation
Various digital logic systems are logic circuits, microcontrollers, PLC, sequencing &
timing controls
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Software & Data acquisition Systems
Data acquisition system acquires the output signals from sensors in the form of
voltage, frequency, resistance etc. an inputting into the microprocessor or
computer.
Software Examples: Ladder Logic, Visual C++, Visual Basic, Lab VIEW, MATLAB,
Lab Chart, LOX
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Using Lab VIEW
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Computers and display devices
Computers are use to store large amount of data and process further through
software.
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Measurement System
What is a system?
Input, Output,
Electrical Power Rotaion
MOTOR
Measurement system?
Output
Measuring Input quantity Measurement the value of
System quantity
Output
Input Temp. Thermometer number on
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scale
Digital Thermometer
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Control System
To control the output to some particular value or particular sequence of values
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Difference between Open loop and Closed loop system
5 Easy maintenance & cost is less Difficult to maintain & cost is more
1. Comparison element
2. Control element
3. Correction element
4. Process elements
5. Measurement elements
Various elements for controlling the room
temperature.