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Industrial Training Report
Industrial Training Report
“GODREJ COMPANY”
Presented
Name: - Chetan Jaywant Sonawane
[2021-22]
Department of Mechanical Engineering
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Nikhil Jagdish Bhalerao has successfully completed the
Industrial Training at “Godrej Company” from 21/08/2021 to 28/08/2021.
Format 4
Evaluation Sheet for PA of Industrial Training
A) Marks for PA are to be awarded out of 5 for each week considering the level of
completeness of activity observed, from the daily diary maintained.
Signature Signature
Name and designation of Mentor faculty Name and designation of Industry Supervisor
Format 5
Evaluation Sheet for ESE of Industrial Training by Mentor and Industry Personnel
Signature Signature
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Secondly, I would also like a thank my all friends who helped me a lot in
finishing this project within the limited It helped me increase my
knowledge and skills.
!!!Thank You!!
Vighnaharata Trust’s
SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
Institute Code: 0935
(Affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Approved by AICTE)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Vighnaharata Trust’s
SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
Institute Code: 0935
(Affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Approved by AICTE)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
INDEX
1. Introduction 1-3
3. Subsidiaries 7-8
4. Refrigerator 9-27
5. Reference 28
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
Godrej Group is an Indian multinational conglomerate headquartered in Mumbai, which is
managed and largely owned by the Godrej family. It was founded by Ardeshir Godrej and
Pirojsha Burjorji Godrej in 1897 and operates in sectors as diverse as real estate, varied
industries, including appliances, precision equipment, machine tools, furniture, healthcare,
interior solutions, office equipment, food processing, security, materials handling and industrial
storage solutions, construction and information technology. Its subsidiaries and affiliated
companies include Godrej Industries and its subsidiaries Godrej Consumer Products, Godrej
Agrovet, and Godrej Properties, as well as the private holding company
Godrej & Boyce Mfg. Co. Ltd. Adi Godrej is the current Chairman of the Godrej Group. Godrej
& Boyce Mfg. Co. Ltd. is headed by Mr. Jamshyd Godrej. The Group revenue was
approximately US $ 4 billion in the financial year 2017-18. Godrej Locks is the flagship company
of the group.
Traditionally, Vikhroli, a suburb to the Northeast of Mumbai has been Godrej's manufacturing
base, but increasingly the group has moved significant production facilities away from Mumbai.
lksadflkjd
Vighnaharata Trust’s
SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
Institute Code: 0935
(Affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Approved by AICTE)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
• 1897: Godrej introduced the first lock with lever technology in India.
• 1902: Godrej makes its first Indian Safe.
• 1918: Godrej Soaps Limited incorporated.
• 1920: Godrej made soap using vegetable oil, which was a huge hit with the
vegetarian community in India.
• 1955: Godrej produced India's first indigenous typewriter.
• 1961: Godrej Started Manufacturing Forklift Trucks in India.
• 1971: Godrej Agrovet Limited began as an Animal Feeds division of Godrej Soaps.
• 1974: Veg oils division in Wadala, Mumbai acquired.
• 1988: Godrej Properties Limited, another subsidiary, established.
• 1989: Godrej became the first Indian company to
introduce PUF.
(polyurethane foam).
• 1991: Foods business started.
• 1994: Transelektra Domestic Products acquired.
• 1995: Transelektra forged a strategic alliance with Sara Lee USA.
• 1999: Transelektra renamed Godrej Sara Lee Limited and incorporated Godrej
Infotech Ltd.
• 2001: Godrej Consumer Products was formed as a result of the demerger of Godrej
Soaps Limited. Godrej Soaps renamed Godrej Industries Limited.
• 2002: Godrej Tea Limited set up.
• 2003: Entered the BPO solutions and services space with Godrej Global Solutions
Limited.
(1)
• 2006: Foods business was merged with Godrej Tea and Godrej Tea renamed Godrej
Beverages & Foods Limited.
• 2007: Godrej Beverages & Foods Limited formed a JV with The Hershey Company
of North America and the company was renamed Godrej Hershey Foods &
Beverages Limited
• 2008: Godrej relaunched itself with new colourful logo and a fresh identity music.
• 2010: Godrej launched GoJiyo a free, browser-based 3D virtual world.
• 2011: Godrej & Boyce shuts down its typewriter manufacturing plant, the last in the
world.
• 2014: Godrej kick-starts Masterbrand 2.0 – bigger & brighter; Launches FreeG;
India's first non-web based mobile browsing experience, 18 November 2014.
• 2020: The Godrej Group enters into financial services business with Godrej Housing
Finance (GHF) to provide affordable Home loans.
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Vighnaharata Trust’s
SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
Institute Code: 0935
(Affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Approved by AICTE)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
The Godrej group can be broadly divided into two major holding
companies, working independently:
• Godrej Industries
• Chemicals
• Vegetable Oils
Consumer Goods
• Godrej Consumer Products
• Keyline Brands UK
(2)
• Rapidol South Africa
• Nutrine
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Vighnaharata Trust’s
SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
Institute Code: 0935
(Affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Approved by AICTE)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
AGRI
• Godrej Agrovet
• Animal Feeds
• Godrej Aadhaar
• Nature's Basket
• Godrej Properties
• Godrej InfoTech
(3)
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Vighnaharata Trust’s
SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
Institute Code: 0935
(Affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Approved by AICTE)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Established in 1897, the Godrej Group has its roots in India's Independence and Swadeshi
movement. The fag end of the 19th century was a time of great political turmoil. The nationalistic
movement had gained momentum and people from all walks of life were joining in the struggle
to free India from British rule. One such person was a young lawyer who went by the name
Ardeshir Burjorji Godrej. No one could have imagined that an important part of India's industrial
history was being commissioned when he chose to give up law.
Godrej Industries is one of the Godrej Group's holding companies. Its own businesses comprises
of chemical estate management and Finance & Investments. Its chemical division manufactures
and markets a wide range of oleochemical products derived from organic materials. The product
portfolio under the chemical division includes Fatty Alcohols Fatty Acids Surfactants Glycerine
and Specialty Products. These products are used as raw materials in the home and personal
care pharmaceutical and food industries. The chemical division's manufacturing facilities are
located at Valia in Gujarat and Ambernath in Maharashtra.Godrej Industries (GIL) has
significant interest in consumer goods real estate agriculture and gourmet retail through
subsidiary and associate companies across 18 countries. The company owns 23.8% stake (as
on 31 March 2018) in Godrej Consumer Products which an FMCG company. GIL owns 56.7%
stake (as on 31 March 2018) in real estate development firm Godrej Properties. GIL owns 58%
stake (as on 31 March 2018) in Godrej Agrovet which a diversified agri-business company. It
holds 100% stake in Nature's Basket which operates fresh good and gourmet store under the
Nature's Basket brand. Godrej Industries Ltd was incorporated in the year 1988 as Gujarat-
Godrej Innovative Chemical Ltd. Godrej Soaps Ltd was amalgamated with the company with
effect from April 1 1994 and the name was changed to Godrej Soaps Ltd. During the year 1994-
95 the company acquired majority stake holding in Transelektra Domestic Products Ltd the
largest manufacturer of mosquito mats in the world. In April 1995 they entered into a joint
(4)
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Vighnaharata Trust’s
SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
Institute Code: 0935
(Affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Approved by AICTE)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
venture and technical assistance agreements with Siat SA a Belgian company and formed
Godrej Oil Palm Konkan Ltd for Oil Palm Plantations business.
During the year 1995-96 the company entered into an agreement with Sara Lee DE/NV for
securing an equity participation of Sara Lee in Transelektra. They set up new ultra-modern
Toilet Soap finishing lines of 48 TPD capacity each at Vikhroli and Malanpur factories. Also, they
set up sophisticated Fatty Acid Distillation Plant of 75 TPD capacity at Vikhroli factory.During
the year 1996-97 Ensemble Holdings & Finance Ltd became a subsidiary of the company. The
distribution of consumer products was handed over to Godrej Hlcare Ltd a subsidiary company
with effect from September 16 1996. In November 1996 they commissioned the new fatty acid
complex at Malanpur factory. In March 1997 they sold their Oil Palm Plantations business to
Godrej Agrovet Ltd a subsidiary company.During the year 1997-98 the company set up a factory
at Silvassa for manufacturing of Hair Dye which commenced production in November 1997.
Godrej Hlcare Ltd ceased to be a subsidiary of the company with effect from July 7 1997. The
company commissioned the c Cogeneration plant for generation of electricity in December 1997
at Valia and in May 1998 at Vikhroli. The consumer products division of the company has been
de-merged and a new company was formed namely Godrej Consumer Products Ltd with effect
from April 1 2001. As a part of the scheme of de-merger the name of the company was changed
from Godrej Soaps Ltd to Godrej Industries Ltd. During the year 2001-02 the Foods Division
ventured into products catering to the needs of bakeries through their Himgiri Zesta Puff brands
of bakery shortening and Margarine. During the year 2002-03 Godrej Tea Ltd a new company
copromoted by the Godrej group in the branded Tea/ coffee business commenced their
operations They launched 'Godrej Noble House' & 'Godrej Chai House' brands of tea during the
year. They incorporated a new company Godrej Global Solutions Limited in the Business Process
Outsourcing (BPO) and back office support areas. During the year 2003-04 Godrej
Agrovet Ltd the subsidiary company GAVL formed a wholly owned subsidiary namely Golden
Feed Products Ltd to carry on the business of animal feeds. Godrej Consumer Products Ltd
terminated the Processing Agreement with the company for manufacturing of soaps with effect
from April 1 2004 since they had expanded their own manufacturing facilities. During the year
2004-05 Godrej Agrovet Ltd a subsidiary company formed a 50:50 joint venture with ACI Ltd
Bangladesh for carrying on businesses of Poultry Feeds rearing of poultry birds etc. Also Godrej
Agrovet Ltd acquired 26% stake each in Hyderabad based Creamline Dairy Products Ltd. and
Creamline Nutrients Ltd which are into milk and milk products. During the year Godrej Hicare
Ltd which is a service company in the Pest Management Business became a subsidiary of the
company. Also, the company entered into Share Purchase Agreement with Cbay Systems Ltd.
USA (Cbay) for sale of 100% stake in Godrej Remote Services Ltd to Cbay. During the year
2005-06 Export Oriented Unit (EOU) at Valia started commercial production. The factory also
commissioned a 'Pastillation plant' to cater to the domestic and international demand for long
chain fatty alcohol in pastille form. In March 2006 the company sold the food division to Godrej
Tea Ltd. with effect from March 31 2006. During the year 2006-07 additional fractionation
column was installed in existing Fatty Acid Fractionation plant at Valia for the production of
Lauric Acid. Godrej Beverages & Foods Ltd ceased to be the subsidiary of the company with
effect from May 08 2006. During the year 2007-08 the company entered into a MoU with Godrej
Properties Ltd to develop and commercially exploit the lands leased to it by Godrej and Boyce
(5)
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Vighnaharata Trust’s
SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
Institute Code: 0935
(Affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Approved by AICTE)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Mfg Co Ltd. The company sold their Diagnostic division on slump sale basis to RFCL Limited a
leading life sciences and laboratory solutions company with effect from December 31 2007.
In February 2008 the company launched a wide range of mattresses under the brand name of
Godrej mattress in Orissa market in a bid to achieve the leadership position in this industry.
Also, they entered into a joint venture with Malaysian firm IJM Plantations for developing palm
estates and palm oil mills in India. In June 2008 Godrej Agrovet Ltd a subsidiary of Godrej
Industries Ltd transferred their poultry business to Godrej Foods Ltd. During the year 2009-10
Godrej Agrovet Ltd (GAVL) transferred their entire shareholding in Natures Basket Ltd (NBL) to
the company. The company sold their entire stake in Compass
BPO Ltd. Godrej Hygiene Care Ltd (GHCL) (formerly known as Godrej Hygiene Care Pvt Ltd)
100% subsidiary of the company was merged with Godrej Consumer Products Ltd (GCPL) with
effect from June 1 2009. The company's subsidiary Godrej Properties Ltd successfully
completed its IPO and listed on BSE and NSE. During the year 2010-11 the company produced
new products C20-90% C22-98% Fatty Alcohols and Emulsifying Wax on commercial scale.
Also, they commissioned new spray dryer plant for the production of SLS powder and needles.
The company incorporated a separate R&D Centre catering exclusively to the Chemicals
business. The GIL Research Centre will soon be a recognized In-House R&D Unit post their
approval from the DSIR. The Board of Directors of Godrej Industries at its meeting held on 27
July 2010 approved capital expenditure of about Rs 230 crore for setting up an oleo chemicals
facility at Additional Ambernath Thane District Maharashtra. The project would be financed
through a mix of internal accruals and debt. The company acquired 17 acres of Industrial land
at Additional Ambernath MIDC. The project involves expansion (and relocation of some of the
existing facilities from Vikhroli) at Additional Ambernath Industrial Area Thane district with a
modern plant with state of the art technology.
The Board of Directors of Godrej Industries at its meeting held on 27 July 2010 approved
formation of Limited Liability Partnerships (LLPs) with Godrej Properties Ltd. (GPL) for joint
development of property at Vikhroli. The Board of Directors of Godrej Industries at its meeting
held on 24 January 2011 approved capital expenditure of about Rs 52 crore for expansion of
fatty acids manufacturing capacity at Valia District Bharuch Gujarat. The project would be
financed through a mix of internal accruals and debt. Board of Directors of Godrej Industries
at its meeting held on 3 February 2012 approved a revised capital expenditure of Rs 296 crore
plus interest during construction and other charges. The capital expenditure is being incurred
over a two-year period. The increased capital expenditure is mainly on account of increased
scope of plants additional activities/expenses on account of creating facilities in low lying land
area and inflation in material costs related to construction.On 30 March 2012 Godrej Industries
announced that the Board of Directors of the company has approved capital expenditure of
about Rs 265 crore plus applicable costs including stamp duty registration charges and other
charges towards acquiring a Corporate Office at 'Godrej One' Vikhroli. Godrej One is the first
phase of the Joint development project 'The Trees' between the company and Godrej Properties
Limited a subsidiary of the company. The Securities Issuance Committee of the Board of
Directors of Godrej Industries by a resolution dated 27 July 2012 allotted 1.72 crore equity
(6)
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Vighnaharata Trust’s
SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
Institute Code: 0935
(Affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Approved by AICTE)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
shares to successful applicants at an issue price of Rs 215 per equity share aggregating to Rs
370.51 crore under the institutional placement programme.
(7)
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Vighnaharata Trust’s
SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
Institute Code: 0935
(Affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Approved by AICTE)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
SUBSIDIARIES
Godrej Consumer Products Limited (GCPL) is an Indian consumer goods company based in
Mumbai, India. GCPL's products include soap, hair colourants, toiletries and liquid detergents.
Its brands include 'Cinthol', 'Godrej Fair Glow', 'Godrej No.1' and 'Godrej Shikakai' in soaps,
'Godrej Powder Hair Dye', 'Renew, 'ColourSoft' in hair colourants and 'Ezee liquid detergent.
GCPL currently operates several manufacturing facilities in India spread over seven locations
and grouped into 4 Operating Clusters at Malanpur (Madhya Pradesh), Guwahati
(Assam),Baddi-Thana (Himachal Pradesh), Baddi- Katha (Himachal Pradesh), Pondicherry,
Chennai and Sikkim.
GCPL operates in the domestic and international markets in the Personal and Household Care'
segment. Some of the categories are soaps, hair colourants, toiletries and liquid detergents.
Recently, it made an entry into fast-growing air freshner category by launching a new fragrance
product "aer" in the market.
Godrej Infotech Ltd is a software services and consulting company headquartered in Mumbai,
India. Godrej Infotech, formerly a division of Godrej & Boyce Mfg. Co. Ltd., commenced
operations as a separate corporate entity on April 1, 1999. Godrej Infotech is a part of the
diversified GODREJ group. It was started as Godrej & Boyce software division to implement
ERP.
The Company's quality certifications include SEI-CMM Level 4 and ISO 9001:2008 Quality
Systems Certification. The Company has started re-appraisal under SEI CMM ML 5 for all of its
major software development centres in India.
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Vighnaharata Trust’s
SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
Institute Code: 0935
(Affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Approved by AICTE)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
(7)
Godrej Industries is an Indian manufacturer of oleo chemicals for use in over various industries.
It also manufactures edible oils, vanaspati and bakery fats. In addition, it operates real estate.
Godrej Industries (Chemicals Division) has its headquarters in Mumbai, India, and bases in 40
countries; it exports to more than 60 countries.
Godrej Properties Limited is a real estate company in India and is a part of the Godrej Industries
Ltd. The company was started in 1990 by Adi Godrej. Established in 1990, they are one of the
major real estate development companies. in India and are based in Mumbai, Maharashtra.
They have real estate development projects in 12 cities across India. Currently, their business
focuses on residential, commercial and township developments. They undertake their projects
through in-house team and by partnering with companies with domestic and international
operations.
Godrej Properties Ltd. (GPL) is listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and The National
Stock Exchange (NSE).
Their parent company, Godrej Industries Limited, is the listed flagship company of the Godrej
group of companies. The Godrej group of companies includes Godrej & Boyce Manufacturing
Company Limited and is one of the major conglomerates in India.
Godrej Properties Limited is the first real estate company in India to have ISO certification.
Godrej One and Godrej Eternia have received the Leadership in Energy and Environmental
Design (LEED) Platinum pre-certification.
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Vighnaharata Trust’s
SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
Institute Code: 0935
(Affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Approved by AICTE)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
(8)
HOW DOES A REFRIGERATOR WORK?
The refrigerators work on the principle of the Vapour Compression cycle.
The vapour-compression uses a circulating liquid refrigerant as the medium which absorbs and
removes heat from the space to be cooled and subsequently rejects that heat elsewhere. Single-
stage vapour-compression system. All such systems have four components: a compressor, a
condenser. A thermal expansion valve (also called a throttle valve or metering device), and an
evaporator. Circulating refrigerant enters the compressor in the thermodynamic state known as
a saturated vapour and is compressed to a higher pressure, resulting in a higher temperature
as well. The hot, compressed vapour is then in the thermodynamic state known as a
superheated vapour and it is at a temperature and pressure at which it can be condensed with
either cooling water or cooling air. That hot vapour is routed through a condenser where it is
cooled and condensed into a liquid by flowing through a coil or tubes with cool water or cool air
flowing across the coil or tubes. This is where the circulating refrigerant rejects heat from the
system and the rejected heat is carried away by either the water or the air (whichever may be
the case).
The condensed liquid refrigerant, in the thermodynamic state known as a saturated liquid, is
next routed through an expansion valve where it undergoes an abrupt reduction in pressure.
That pressure reduction results in the adiabatic flash evaporation of a part of the liquid
refrigerant. The auto-refrigeration effect of the adiabatic flash evaporation lowers the
temperature of the liquid and vapour refrigerant mixture to where it is colder than the
temperature of the enclosed space to be refrigerated.
The cold mixture is then routed through the coil or tubes in the evaporator. A fan circulates the
warm air in the enclosed space across the coil or tubes carrying the cold refrigerant liquid and
vapour mixture. That warm air evaporates the liquid part of the cold refrigerant mixture. At the
same time, the circulating air is cooled and thus lowers the temperature of the enclosed space
to the desired temperature. The evaporator is where the circulating refrigerant absorbs and
removes heat which is subsequently rejected in the condenser and transferred elsewhere by
the water or air used in the condenser.
To complete the refrigeration cycle, the refrigerant vapour from the evaporator is again a
saturated vapour and is routed back into the compressor.
(9)
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Vighnaharata Trust’s
SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
Institute Code: 0935
(Affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Approved by AICTE)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Thus, Vapor-compression refrigeration is one of the many refrigeration cycles and is the most
widely used method for in domestic and commercial refrigerators, large-scale warehouses for
chilled or frozen storage of foods and meats, refrigerated trucks
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Vighnaharata Trust’s
SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
Institute Code: 0935
(Affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Approved by AICTE)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
1) Refrigerant : -
The refrigerant flows through all the internal parts of the refrigerator. It is the refrigerant that
carries out the cooling effect in the evaporator. It absorbs the heat from the substance to be
cooled in the evaporator (chiller or freezer) and throws it to the atmosphere via condenser.
The refrigerant keeps on recirculating through all the internal parts of the refrigerator in cycle.
(10)
2) Compressor : -
The compressor is located at the back of the refrigerator and in the bottom area. The
compressor sucks the refrigerant from the evaporator and discharges it at high pressure and
temperature. The compressor is driven by the electric motor and it is the major power
consuming devise of the refrigerator.
3) Condenser : -
The condenser is the thin coil of copper tubing located at the back of the refrigerator. The
refrigerant from the compressor enters the condenser where it is cooled by the atmospheric air
thus losing heat absorbed by it in the evaporator and the compressor. To increase the heat
transfer rate of the condenser, it is finned externally.
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Vighnaharata Trust’s
SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
Institute Code: 0935
(Affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Approved by AICTE)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
(11)
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Vighnaharata Trust’s
SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
Institute Code: 0935
(Affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Approved by AICTE)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
7) Defrost system : -
The defrost system of the refrigerator helps removing the excess ice from the surface of the
evaporator. The defrost system can be operated manually by the thermostat button or there is
automatic system comprising of the electric heater and the timer.
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1) Freezer compartment : -
The food items that are to be kept at the freezing temperature are stored in the freezer
compartment. The temperature here is below zero degree Celsius so the water and many other
fluids freeze in this compartment. If you want to make ice cream, ice, freeze the food etc. they
have to be kept in the freezer compartment.
2) Thermostat control : -
The thermostat control comprises of the round knob with the temperature scale that help setting
the required temperature inside the refrigerator. Proper setting of the thermostat as per the
requirements can help saving lots of refrigerator electricity bills.
3) Refrigerator compartment : -
The refrigerator compartment is the biggest part of the refrigerator. Here all the food items that
are to be maintained at temperature above zero degree Celsius but in cooled condition are kept.
The refrigerator compartment can be divided into number of smaller shelves like meat keeper,
and others as per the requirement.
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Vighnaharata Trust’s
SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
Institute Code: 0935
(Affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Approved by AICTE)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
4) Crisper : -
The highest temperature in the refrigerator compartment is maintained in the crisper. Here one
can keep the food items that can remain fresh even at the medium temperature like fruits,
vegetables, etc.
6) Switch : -
This is the small button that operates the small light inside the refrigerator. As soon the door of
the refrigerator opens, this switch supplies electricity to the bulb and it starts, while when the
door is closed the light from the bulb stops. This helps in starting the internal bulb only when
required.
(13)
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Vighnaharata Trust’s
SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
Institute Code: 0935
(Affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Approved by AICTE)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
lksadflkjd
Vighnaharata Trust’s
SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
Institute Code: 0935
(Affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Approved by AICTE)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
(14)
PRESS SHOP : -
Here the various panels are formed. Left Side Panel, Right Side Panel and back sheet. The
sheets required to be fixed in front of the doors are also formed here.
Powder Coating : -
Here the sheets to be powder coated are powder coated. It takes place in the following steps
:-
1. Loading of component on conveyor belt.
2. Pre-treatment of component.
3. Water Drying of components.
4. Powder Coating of components.
5. Powder curing of components.
CABINET FOAMING : -
Here the cabinet of the refrigerator is formed. Panels are joined together and liner is placed in
it. Then the foam is filled in it and required slots for wired and pipes are cut in it.
DOOR FOAMING :
It takes place in two steps : -
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Vighnaharata Trust’s
SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
Institute Code: 0935
(Affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Approved by AICTE)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
1. Vacuum Forming
• Firstly, the HIP sheets are fed into linear ASANO.
• Then these are pre heated.
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Vighnaharata Trust’s
SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
Institute Code: 0935
(Affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Approved by AICTE)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
2. DOOR FOAMING
After the vacuum forming the door foaming for two different models take place in two different
ways :
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Vighnaharata Trust’s
SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
Institute Code: 0935
(Affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Approved by AICTE)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Front Assembly :
1. Tape Removed :
Here the tapes on the cabinet of the refrigerator are removed by the workers. These tapes
are fixed before filling the cabinet with foam.
2. Foam Removed :
Here the foam on all the corners which is coming out of the liner and side panel intersection
is removed.
3. Legs Fitment :
Legs are fixed to the front of the refrigerator with the help of pneumatic guns.
4. Thermocol Fitment :
Thermocol is placed under the refrigerator. The placement of thermocol under the
refrigerator is done so as to ensure easy movement and enhanced mobility of the
refrigerator which is essential towards the later stages of its manufacturing especially
during its offloading.
6. Evaporator Insertion :
The Evaporator is inserted in its place in the cabinet of the refrigerator with its wire going out
of the holes in the back sheet.
7. Evaporator Frame Fitment and Roller Fitment:
Evaporator frame is inserted to hold the evaporator in its place firmly. It is inserted with the
help of pneumatic gun. Here the rollers required for the free movement of the chiller tray are
also fixed.
8. Bulb Fitment:
Then the bulb is fitted in its place with its connector. Its space is formed in the liner during
cabinet forming. The wires required for it are also given during cabinet forming. Aluminium
sticker is used and stacked to the wall at the back of the bulb. It helps to reflect the light coming
out of bulb which increases light's intensity. The bulbs used are of 10 W and 15 W.
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SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
Institute Code: 0935
(Affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Approved by AICTE)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
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9. Bulb Channel Fitment:
The bulb channel is fitted below the evaporator and it is connected to the thermostat. The
thermostat works as the device to cut the current supply when the temperature in the
refrigerator reaches below certain limit. Bulb channel is used to sense the temperature in
the refrigerator. The thermostat cut the current supply to relay which switch off the
compressor.
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Vighnaharata Trust’s
SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
Institute Code: 0935
(Affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Approved by AICTE)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
• ZOP :
It tells about the range of the voltage between which the refrigerator can work efficiently
without any need of repair.
The third sticker tells about the model of the refrigerator. Examples are:
1. Axis
2. Edge
3. Edge SX
BACK ASSEMBLY:
1. Base Fitment:
Here base plate is fitted to the bottom of refrigerator.
2. Compressor Fitment:
Here the Compressor fitment takes place. The compressor is fitted to the base plate. Grommet
is placed between the compressor and the Base plate so that vibrations are not transferred
from the compressor to the refrigerator. Here relay pin is also fixed It is used to hold the relay
which controls the working of the refrigerator.
Compressor works as a pump to control the circulation of the refrigerant and it adds pressure
to refrigerant, heating it up.
Compressor has three ports:
• Suction Port :
It pulls the refrigerant from the evaporator.
• Discharge Port :
It discharges the refrigerant to the condenser.
• Charging Port :
By this port the compressor is filled with the refrigerant.
Relay : It is used to control the working of the refrigerator.
3. Capacitor Fitment :
Then the Capacitor is fitted at the side. It is used to start the compressor.
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SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
Institute Code: 0935
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Department of Mechanical Engineering
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4. Condenser Fitment :
Then the condenser is fitted at the back of the refrigerator. It is fitted with the help of
condenser clamps. Four condenser clamps are used to hold the condenser in its place.
Condenser is used to for heat transfer. It gives out the heat to the surroundings and cools
the refrigerant.
5. Flushing and Drier Fitment :
Flushing of the condenser is done once before fitting the drier to it. Then the drier is fitted
to the condenser. It also has capillary attached to it.
6. Lokring Fitment :
The lokrings are fitted to the suction port of the compressor, discharge port of the
compressor and drier.
7. Supply Chord Fitment :
Here the supply chord is fitted to the back of the refrigerator and its wires are fitted to the
compressor. It is used to provide the electricity to the refrigerator.
8. Coupler Fitment :
The couplers are fitted to the charging port and drier. They are fitted as they are used in
Leak Detection -1 and Evacuation and Charging Loop for evacuation and charging of
refrigerant.
• Front Inspection:
One worker of Quality department does complete inspection of the refrigerator from the
front. He inspects that nothing is missing and everything is placed or fixed properly. He
also inspects door for dents and scratches. The refrigerators which need repair are
offloaded and repaired by the workers of Refrigeration Final Assembly Department.
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Vighnaharata Trust’s
SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
Institute Code: 0935
(Affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Approved by AICTE)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
• Dent
• Foam Seepage.
• Sticker miss
• Deodorizer missing
• Bolt Loose
• Glass Improper
Back Inspection:
Simultaneous to the front inspection back inspection takes place on stage-4.
Here it is seen that the compressor, condenser, drier etc are properly fitted.
All the bolts and nuts holding capacitors, supplycord is in proper place. All
the wires connecting with the compressor are properly connected.
Grimmet missing
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Vighnaharata Trust’s
SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
Institute Code: 0935
(Affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Approved by AICTE)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
(21)
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Vighnaharata Trust’s
SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
Institute Code: 0935
(Affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Approved by AICTE)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
ELECTRICAL DEFECTS
The various electrical defects which occurs during the manufacturing refrigerators are taken
care at the light switch defect stage aka LSD defect stage.
At LSD the electrical connections are checked. The wires are inserted for various equipment
before this stage and inspection of those connections are done here.
It is checked that the refrigerator is working properly .This is done before filling gas i.e.
refrigerant to compressor. Firstly, electricity is provided at 220 V and 50 Hz frequency and it
is checked that current flows through the refrigerator. Current reading must be between
(0.40A-2A).
If there is no ampere reading or the bulb does not work properly. Then the refrigerator is
offloaded.
Then it is again checked by the worker doing repair. If there is defect in proper working of the
bulb it can be of the following reasons
1. Improper Thimble connections: Thimbles are not connected properly with the light switch
or there is foam seepage in thimbles.
2. Improper fitting of bulb: It can be also because of improper bulb.
3. Bulb Fuse
If there is no ampere reading then there can be two problems:
1. Either there is problem in thermostat.
2. Or there is problem in relay.
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SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
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Department of Mechanical Engineering
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UNIT CELL (USS)
EVACUATION LOOP :
It is the process of removal of the all the gases in the compressor and cleaning of the complete
path through which the refrigerant has to flow.
When the compressor is manufactured in the compressor plant N₂ is filled in it.
Firstly, the Nitrogen gas is removed with the help of vacuum pump.
Then the two pipes of the vacuum pump are employed on two places i.e. at drier and charging
port of compressor.
The pumps used are rotary type and motors used to drive them are of 0.75 horsepower (HP).
• Pipe that is used at the drier cleans the condenser of all the gases and the contaminants.
• While the Pipe used at the compressor cleans the compressor completely. The whole
process takes almost 20 to 30 minutes to take place.
Here at the starting of the evacuation loop the refrigerators have to be moved so that they can
be arranged in front of the pumps being used for evacuation and certain distance has to be
maintained between refrigerators. If the distance is not maintained between them there will be
occurrence of dents on the purging bends as the refrigerators will come close to each other. If
the refrigerators collide it will result in the dents on the refrigerators. So, the following points are
to be taken into consideration:
Charging of the refrigerator is done with the help of the Galileo. The refrigerant filled
is R600a (Isobutene). Refrigerant is filled in different amount in different
refrigerators according to the size of the refrigerator. It varies from 24 grams to 55
grams for different refrigerators.
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SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
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Department of Mechanical Engineering
The first leak detection was without filling the refrigerant in the refrigerator.
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It was done with the help of nitrogen gas (N₂).Now the leak detection takes place after
filling the refrigerant R600a.
It is one before plug in and plug out loop so that refrigerator is completely checked of any
leakage before the refrigerant starts flowing in the refrigerator.
So the refrigerators that are having leak are offloaded before the plug in plug out loop.
Condenser pipes
Drier
Capillary
The leak is checked with the help of the leak testing machine. It beeps when there is a leak in
the refrigerator and it is offloaded. The point of leak is checked with the help of the soap solution.
When soap solution is applied wherever there is leak in the refrigerator the bubbles start coming
out from that point. Then it is sent for repair.
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SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
Institute Code: 0935
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Department of Mechanical Engineering
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PLUG IN PLUG OUT LOOP
Here the refrigerator are plugged in with the plugs hanging from the bus bar above. It is a loop
of 20 minutes. There are two persons working at the starting of the plug-in loop.
The second person's work is to check whether the bulb is switched on or not
The refrigerator moves on the conveyer belt in a plug in plug out loop while being plugged in.
So during this time refrigerator is switched on, it traverses the full path provided to it i.e.
compressor compresses the refrigerant then it passes the condenser where it is cooled, then it
is passed through the drier and capillary tube which result in decrease of pressure of refrigerant.
In evaporator heat exchange again takes place, the refrigerant gains heat while it cools the
vegetables ete in refrigerator and come back to the compressor. This results in cooling of the
refrigerator. It is desired that during this plug in plug out loop the temperature in the evaporator
should reach below -18°C.
Then the thermo hunter is used at plug out to check the temperature in the evaporator. It should
be below -18°C.
The refrigerators whose temperature is below -18°C are given okay tags and they continue to
move on the conveyor belt, but if the temperature inside the evaporator is above-18°C then
refrigerator is offloaded and again plugged in. Refrigerators that are offloaded have following
defects:
Less cooling
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Vighnaharata Trust’s
SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
Institute Code: 0935
(Affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Approved by AICTE)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
No cooling
NOISE TESTING:
During the plug in plug out loop the noise testing of the refrigerator's compressor take
place with the noise testing machine. The compressor whose noise comes out to be
less than 70 dB is passed while those producing noise more than 70 dB are offloaded
at the plug out stage. They are again put on the conveyor belt and offloaded at the
noise testing chamber.
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LEAK DETECTION -3:
It also takes place during the plug in plug out loop. Here the refrigerators are again
checked for leakage with leak testing machine. Here the refrigerators with leakage are
sent for repair.
TRIPPING STAGE:
Here all the refrigerators offloaded at the plug out stage are repaired. The
major defects that are removed are:
No cooling defects
Sometimes the bulb gets fuse or its connection with its holder is not proper. It also occurs
when there is foam in the thimble connecting to the light switch.
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Vighnaharata Trust’s
SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
Institute Code: 0935
(Affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Approved by AICTE)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
It occurs if there is less refrigerant used in the refrigerator. The amount of refrigerant varies
with the size and capacity of the refrigerator. It varies from 24 grams to 55 grams.
It is due to current leakage somewhere in the whole wiring It is also removed here.
STAGE - 5:
Here at Stage 5 the front and back inspection takes place.
The inspectors are of Quality department. They check whether all the equipment's
are properly installed at their required places. There is no fault in installation of the
various equipment's.
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STAGE-6:
The RFA department workers do the entire repair and place the missing components
while the quality department workers have to just indicate the defect.
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SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
Institute Code: 0935
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Department of Mechanical Engineering
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REFERENCE / BIBLIOGRAPHY
www.google.com
www.godrej.com
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Vighnaharata Trust’s
SHIVAJIRAO S. JONDHLE POLYTECHNIC, ASANGAON
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Department of Mechanical Engineering
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