DIRECT TO INDIRECT SPEECH

DIRECT SPEECH INDIRECT SPEECH

When the speaker’s When the speaker’s
words are presented words are presented
in the same way by you in your own
without making any words, it is called
changes, it is called INDIRECT SPEECH.
DIRECT SPEECH.

1. She said, ‘‘ I am very 1.She said that she was

happy.’’ very happy.
CHANGE OF SAID TO & , ‘‘—”
SENTENCE SAID TO , ‘‘ --------------- ’’
ASSERTIVE TOLD THAT

VERBAL ASKED IF/WHETHER

INTERROGATIVE
‘WH’-WORD ASKED ‘WH’ –WORD
INTERROGATIVE
IMPERATIVE ORDERED, TO+V1, NOT TO +V1
REQUESTED, ADVISED
EXCLAMATORY EXCLAIMED THAT

OPTATIVE WISHED, CURSED, THAT

PRAYED
 CHANGE OF TENSE
DIRECT SPEECH INDIRECT SPEECH
SIMPLE PRESENT SIMPLE PAST
PRESENT CONTINUOUS PAST CONTINUOUS
PRESENT PERFECT PAST PERFECT
PERSENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
SIMPLE PAST PAST PERFECT
PAST CONTINUOUS PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
PAST PERFECT NO CHANGE
PAST PERFECT CONTINOUS NO CHANGE
WILL, SHALL, CAN, MAY, WOULD, SHOULD,COULD,MIGHT
WOULD,SHOULD,COULD,MIGHT NO CHANGE
EXECPTION OF (i)The TENSE OF
THE ABOVE
RULES REPORTING SPEECH is
in any PRESENT TENSE
The OR any FUTURE TENSE
TENSE of
Reported (ii) The SENTENCE OF
REPORTED SPEECH is
Speech is UNIVERSAL TRUTH,
NOT HISTORICAL TRUTH
CHANGED OR HABITUAL TRUTH.
if >
 CHANGE OF WORDS
DIRECT SPEECH INDIRECT SPEECH
THIS THAT

THESE THOSE

HERE THERE

NOW THEN

AGO BEFORE

YESTERDAY THE DAY BEFORE

TODAY THAT DAY

TOMORROW THE NEXT DAY

 CHANGE OF PERSON
S O N REPORTING
(NO CHANGE) SPEECH
(SUBJECT) (OBJECT)

REPORTED
1st 2nd 3rd SPEECH
PERSON PERSON PERSON
THANK YOU VERY MUCH
MAKE YOUR DREAM A REALITY

THANK YOU
SO MUCH
TO ALL OF YOU