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Carlsberg A/S is a Danish multinational brewer.

Founded in 1847 by J. C. Jacobsen, the company's
headquarters is located in Copenhagen, Denmark.
Since Jacobsen's death in 1887, the majority owner
of the company has been the Carlsberg Foundation.
The company's flagship brand is Carlsberg named
after Jacobsen's son Carl.
History
Carlsberg was founded by J. C. Jacobsen,
a philanthropist and avid art collector. With his
fortune he amassed an art collection which is
housed in the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek in central
Copenhagen. The first brew was finished on 10
November 1847, and the export of Carlsberg beer
began in 1868 with the export of one barrel
to Edinburgh, Scotland. Some of the company's
original logos include an elephant, after which some
of its lagers are named, and the swastika. the use of
which was discontinued in the 1930s because of its
association with political parties in neighboring
Germany.
Jacobsen's son Carl opened a brewery in 1882
named Ny (New) Carlsberg forcing him to rename
his brewery Gamle (Old) Carlsberg. The companies
were merged and run under Carl's direction in 1906
and remained so until his death in 1914.
Jacobsen set up the Carlsberg Laboratory in 1875,
which worked on scientific problems related to
brewing. It featured a Department of Chemistry and
a Department of Physiology. The species of yeast
used to make pale lager, Saccharomyces
carlsbergensis, was isolated by Emil Christian
Hansen at the laboratory in 1883 and bears its
name; this was shared freely by Carlsberg. The
Carlsberg Laboratory also developed the concept
of pH and made advances in protein chemistry. In
1972, the Carlsberg Research Centre was
established and the Carlsberg Laboratory is an
independent unit of the Centre.
In 1876, J.C. Jacobsen established the Carlsberg
Foundation, run by trustees from the Royal Danish
Academy of Sciences and Letters, which managed
the Carlsberg Laboratory as well as supporting
scientific research within the fields of natural
sciences, mathematics, philosophy, the humanities
and social sciences in Denmark. Because of a
conflict with his son Carl, Jacobsen's brewery was
left to the Foundation upon his death in 1887. The
first overseas license for brewing was given to the
Photos Photiades Breweries, and in 1966 Carlsberg
beer was brewed for the first time outside Denmark
at the Photiades breweries in Cyprus. The first
brewery to be built outside Denmark was
in Blantyre, Malawi in 1968.
Carlsberg merged with Tuborg breweries in 1970
forming the United Breweries AS, and merged
with Tetley in 1992. Carlsberg became the sole
owner of Carlsberg-Tetley in 1997.[4]
In 2008 Carlsberg Group, together with Heineken,
bought Scottish & Newcastle, the largest brewer in
the UK, for £7.8bn ($15.3bn).
In 2013 the company joined leading alcohol
producers as part of a producers' commitments to
reducing harmful drinking.
In November 2014, Carlsberg agreed to take
over Greece's third largest brewery, the Olympic
Brewery, adding to its operations in the country
already and effectively transforming the firm into the
second biggest market player in Greece.
The old brewery in Copenhagen was once open for
tours. In January 2020, the brewery was closed for
a complete refurbishment It is not known when it
will reopen.
Regional operations
The Carlsberg Group divides their operations into
three market areas: Northern and Western Europe,
Eastern Europe and Asia.
Carlsberg India Pvt. Ltd. headquartered in Gurgaon,
India is a foreign direct investment company formed
to brew and market Carlsberg beer in India. The
company has also brought the Tuborg and Palone
brands to India. Palone is sold as a 'strong' beer
with 7.5% alcohol by volume. Strong beers
dominate the Indian market, estimated in 2008 to
total approximately 17 million hectolitres with over a
72% share. Carlsberg is available in most states of
India, with five operational breweries in: Alwar
(Rajasthan), Aurangabad (Maharashtra) both of
which started in the summer of 2008, the former
Hacke-Beck brewery in Paonta Sahib (Himachal
Pradesh) where brewing commenced in July 2007,
Kolkata (West Bengal) opened in September 2009,
Patna Brewery (Patna) opened for brewing in 2014,
Dharuhera Brewery opened on 7 May 2013, and
Hyderabad (Telangana) opened in December 2010.
Carlsberg India Pvt. Ltd. currently employs over 700
people and is headed by Michael Norgaard Jensen,
Managing Director.

Beers
 Carlsberg
Carlsberg is the flagship beer brand in Carlsberg
Group's portfolio of 155 brands. It is a 5%
abv pilsner beer (3.8% in the UK and branded as
Carlsberg Danish Pilsner) with a global distribution
to 140 markets. It is also known as Carlsberg Lager,
Carlsberg Beer and Carlsberg Pilsner. It was first
brewed in 1904, and was created by Carl Jacobsen,
son of Carlsberg's founder JC Jacobsen.
The introduction of the Carlsberg pilsner also saw
the reintroduction of the Art Nouveau-style logo that
has been used nearly unmodified since 1904, and
later became the logo of the entire company. It was
designed by Thorvald Bindesbøll.
In Denmark the beer is often known as Hof (court)
due to its Royal Warrant. This nickname was
adopted into the brand in 1931 but discontinued in
Denmark in 1991. The term is still used in other
markets such as the UK and Sweden.
 Special Brew
"Special Brew" redirects here. For the ska song of
the same name, see Special Brew (song).
Special Brew is a strong lager brewed only in
Denmark and the United Kingdom. It was initially
brewed by Carlsberg to commemorate a visit to
Denmark by Winston Churchill in 1950. The flavour
incorporates "cognac flavours among its tasting
notes" as Churchill was partial to brandy. In May
1951 two crates were delivered to Churchill's London
home. In a thank-you letter Churchill called the drink
"Commemoration Lager". In Denmark the drink was
called Påskebryg ("Easter Brew"), but the Easter
Brew has since been replaced by a weaker beer
(Carls Påske). For the British market Carlsberg called
the drink Special Brew, and production was started
in Northampton in the 1950s.
At 7.5% alcohol (previously 9%, then 8% for a short
time), Special Brew is part of a group of strong
lagers that are termed "super-strength" in the UK
and malt liquor in the USA. This beer is often
associated with street alcoholics.
A single can (440mL) of Special Brew contains
3.5 units of alcohol (previously 4.5 units) whilst the
maximum recommended daily intake for a man is
two units. In January 2015, it was reported that
Carlsberg would reduce the units per can to less
than four, in line with a UK government pledge that
no single can should contain more than four units.
The change, a reduction either in the size of the can
from 500mL to 440mL, or the alcoholic strength of
the beer, was considered for implementation in
2015. Both changes were made; the cans have since
been reduced to 440 mL, and the ABV reduced from
9% to 8%, then another drop to 7.5%.
 Elephant beer
In 1901, at brewer Carl Jacobsen's initiative, the
Architect Professor J. L. Dahlerup created a tower
resting on four elephants carved in granite from the
Danish island of Bornholm. Jacobsen's inspiration
was the obelisk supporting an elephant on
the Piazza della Minerva in Rome. The four
elephants each bear the initial of one of Carl
Jacobsen's children: Theodora, Paula, Helge and
Vagn. This became known as The Elephant Gate and
is a landmark entrance to the brewery.
To the west of the gate, Carl Jacobsen's motto was
inscribed: Laboremus pro Patria (Let us work for our
country). Since then, the Elephant has been a
famous part of the Carlsberg family, especially after
the strong Elephant Beer was created in 1955 under
the name Export Lager Beer featuring the Elephant
label. The Elephant is still brewed in Carlsberg
Breweries in Copenhagen and exported around the
world. A few markets brew their own Carlsberg
Elephant beer locally according to the original
recipe.

In October 2019, Carlsberg announced the imminent

launch of a paper beer bottle, the latest in its
packaging innovations and one of many initiatives
the brand is pioneering to stay earth-friendly. In
2018, it launched its “Snap Pack,” a packaging
innovation that eliminates 6-pack rings by
“snapping,” or stacking, beer cans together. It
earned the Sustainable Development Goals Silver
Lion award in 2019. Sustainability isn’t the only
place Carlsberg is going green. The brewery
promotes finding your “green zone” of responsible
consumption. The brewery’s website defines this as
the “alcohol ‘comfort zone’ where drinking is part of
your good time… To know what your green zone is
means to be able to drink respecting your limits and
to enjoy the night and the fun for longer.”
Indian consumers have been experiencing Carlsberg
since the 1900s, much before it commenced
operations in India in 2007. In 1912, McDowel &
Co.Ltd., Madras, ordered the first delivery of 10
cases of quarters and 10 cases of pints each of
Carlsberg Munich and Pilsener Beer. Over the years
there were many companies and agents that have
brought Carlsberg to India.
However, coming to India in its own identity was a
matter of time and Carlsberg entered India in May
2006 by incorporating a company named South Asia
Breweries Pvt. Ltd. The name was changed to
Carlsberg India Private Limited on February 23, 2009
to reflect the company as a part of the Carlsberg
Group.
In 2013, Carlsberg India inaugurated its 6th Brewery
in Dharuhera, Haryana and in 2014 its 7th Brewery
in Patna, Bihar was established. In January 2018,
Carlsberg India established its brewery in Mysuru,
Karnataka. The growth started from 5 markets in
2007 to 24 markets in 2008 to 32 markets (including
Union Territories) to date.
The success of Carlsberg’s products globally and in
India, can be attributed to the quality
consciousness, the know-how and the technological
proficiency developed by the breweries.
The impressive beer portfolio in India ranges across
mild and strong segments through the international
brands Carlsberg Green, Carlsberg Elephant, Tuborg
Green, Tuborg Strong and Tuborg Classic.
With brewery expansion, market penetration, quality
brands and strong teams, Carlsberg India saw initial
success by becoming the number 3 player in the
market within its first 4 years of operation.