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Mathematics: Quarter 1, Week 2 - Module 2 Solving Quadratic Equations
Mathematics: Quarter 1, Week 2 - Module 2 Solving Quadratic Equations
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Lesson 2:
Solving Quadratic Equations ............................................................................................... 1
What I Need to Know..................................................................................................... 1
What I Know ..................................................................................................................... 1
Lesson 2a:
Solving Quadratic Equations by Extracting Square Roots ..................... 4
What I Need to Know..................................................................................................... 4
What’s In............................................................................................................................ 4
What’s New ................................................................................................................... 5
What Is It ........................................................................................................................... 8
What’s More .................................................................................................................... 12
What I Have Learned..................................................................................................... 12
What I Can Do ................................................................................................................. 13
Summary
Lesson 2b:
Solving Quadratic Equations by Factoring ............................................................ 15
What I Need to Know..................................................................................................... 15
What’s In............................................................................................................................ 15
What’s New ................................................................................................................... 16
What Is It .......................................................................................................................... 17
What’s More .................................................................................................................... 21
What I Have Learned..................................................................................................... 22
What I Can Do ................................................................................................................. 23
Summary
Lesson 2c:
Solving Quadratic Equations by Completing the Square ........................ 25
What I Need to Know..................................................................................................... 25
What’s In............................................................................................................................ 25
What’s New ................................................................................................................... 27
What Is It .......................................................................................................................... 29
What’s More .................................................................................................................... 34
What I Have Learned..................................................................................................... 34
What I Can Do ................................................................................................................. 35
Summary
Lesson 2d:
Solving Quadratic Equations by Quadratic Formula .................................... 37
What I Need to Know..................................................................................................... 37
What’s In............................................................................................................................ 37
What’s New ................................................................................................................... 39
What Is It ........................................................................................................................... 40
What’s More .................................................................................................................... 43
What I Have Learned..................................................................................................... 44
What I Can Do ................................................................................................................. 44
Summary
Assessment………………………………………………………………………………………………47
Key to Answers ...................................................................................................................................... 49
References ............................................................................................................................................... 56
What This Module is About
i
Icons of this Module
ii
Lesson
Solving Quadratic Equations
2
What I Need to Know
What I Know
This part will assess your prior knowledge of solving quadratic equations
using the four different methods. Answer all items and take note of the items that you
were not able to answer correctly. Find the right answer as you go along this module.
Pre-Assessment
Directions: Find out how much you already know about this module. Choose the
letter of the correct answer.
1. What method can we use to solve a quadratic equation that can be written in
the form x2 = r?
A. Quadratic Formula C. Extracting Square Roots
B. Factoring D. Completing the Square
1
2. Which of the following states that if the product of two real numbers is zero,
then either of the two is equal to zero or both numbers are equal to zero?
A. Multiplication Property C. Identity Property
B. Zero Product Property D. Transitive Property
3. In the equation x2 + 5x – 14 = 0, the solutions are _______________.
A. 7 and -2 B. -7 and 2 C. 7 and 2 D. -7 and -2
4. The roots of 4x2 + 12x – 16 = 0 are _______________.
A. 8 and -2 B. -4 and 1 C. 4 and -1 D. -8 and 2
2
5. In the equation x +121 = 22x, the roots are _______________.
A. 9 and -9 B. 12 and -12 C. 11 and 11 D. 8 and 13
6. Find the solutions of the equation x2 - 5x = 14.
A. 7 and -2 B. -7 and 2 C. 7 and 2 D. -7 and -2
7. Find the solutions of the equation x2 - 3x – 40 = 0.
A. -5 and -8 B. 5 and -8 C. -5 and 8 D. 5 and 8
2
8. Solve for x in the equation x + x = 12.
A. 6 and -2 B. -3 and -4 C. - 4 and 3 D. -2 and 6
9. In the equation 2x2 -2x – 12 = 0, the values of x are _______________.
A. -6 and 2 B. -3 and 4 C. - 4 and 3 D. -2 and 3
10. Solve for x in the equation x2 = 256 by extracting square roots.
A. 14 and -14 B. 23 and -23 C. 16 and -16 D. 18 and -18
2
11. Solve by extracting square roots: 2x = 162
A. 7 and -7 B. 9 and -9 C. 9 and -11 D. 11 and -11
12. In the equation x2 + 18x + 81 = 0, the roots are _______________.
A. 8 and -8 B. - 9 and - 9 C. 9 and 8 D. 9 and 9
13. In the equation x2 – 5x – 14 = 0, the solutions are _______________.
A. 7 and -2 B. -7 and 2 C. 7 and 2 D. -7 and -2
2
14. The roots of 4x + 12x – 16 = 0 are?
A. 8 and -2 B. - 4 and 1 C. 4 and -1 D. -8 and 2
15. In the equation x2 + 64 = 16x, the roots are _______________.
A. 9 and -9 B. 12 and -12 C.11 and 11 D. 8 and 8
16. In the equation 4x2 - 16x + 12 = 0, one of its roots is _______________.
A. 3 B. 4 C. -3 D. 2
2
17. In the equation x2 - 8x + 15 = 0, the solutions are_______________.
A. 3 and -3 B. 5 and -3 C. 5 and 3 D. -5 and -3
18. In the equation x2 – 2x = 7, the solutions are_______________.
A. 1+ and 1- C. 1+ and 1-
B. 3+ and 3 - D. 1+ and 1-
19. In the equation x2 + 14x = 32, the solutions are?
A. 9 and 2 B. 2 and -16 C. -9 and -2 D. -2 and 16
20. In the equation x2 - 6x - 11 = 0, the solutions are?
A. 3+ and 3 - C. 3+ and 3-
B. 3+ and 3 - D. 3+ and 3 -
3
Lesson
Solving Quadratic Equations
2a by Extracting Square Roots
What’s In
1. 4.
2. – 5.
3. 6.
Process Questions:
a. How did you find each square root?
b. How many square roots do these numbers have?
c. Does a negative number have a square root? Why or why not?
d. Which of these numbers are rational numbers?
e. Which of these are irrational numbers?
4
Directions: Give the square roots of each numbers in the box and answer the
questions below.
, , , , , and .
In the next activity, you will be dealing with a situation. You will need to
recall the knowledge you learn in writing mathematical sentences and other
mathematics concepts to satisfy the conditions asked in the problem.
What’s New
Mr. Mariano bought a square - shaped lot that measure 2,500 square meters
for his future dream house. Moreover, he wanted to put his dream house particularly
at the center of his property. The house has a dimension of 30m by 30m based on
the floor plan.
a. Draw an actual diagram to show the given situation.
b. Using the variable s as the length of one side of the lot, write an equation that
represents the area of the whole square-shaped lot.
c. From your answer in b, how will you solve for the length of one side of the
square-shaped lot? Provide a solution.
d. What is the area of the lot used to build the house?
5
e. What is the remaining area of the square-shaped lot that is not used to build
the house? How will you obtain its area?
f. Using the values you obtain and the variable s as the length of one side of the
square-shaped lot, write an equation that represents the area of the remaining
lot in terms of s?
The activity you just have done shows how a real - life situation can be
represented by a mathematical sentence. Were you able to represent the given
situation by a quadratic equation? To further give you more ideas on solving
quadratic equations. Perform the next activity.
Activity 4: I am Quadratic!!!
Directions: Use the quadratic equations below to answer the questions that follow.
x2 = 81 b2 – 49 = 0 3c2 – 75 = 0
Were you able to determine the values of the variable that make each
equation true? Let us increase your understanding of quadratic equations and
discover more about their solutions by performing the next activity.
6
Activity 5: Real or Not Real
Directions: Find the solutions of each of the following quadratic equations and
answer the questions that follow.
x2 = 16 x2 + 10 = 10 x2 + 20 = 16
Were you able to determine the values of the variable that make each
equation true? Were you able to find other ways of solving each equation? Let us
increase your understanding of quadratic equations and discover more about their
solutions by performing the next activity. Before doing these activities, read and
understand first some important notes on solving quadratic equations by extracting
square roots and the examples presented.
7
What Is It
Solutions:
Rewrite x2 – 36 = 0 in the form x2 = r
x2 – 36 = 0 x2 – 36 + 36 = 0 +36
by adding both sides of the equation by
x2 = 36
36.
x2 – 36 = 0 true.
Checking:
For x = 6: For x = - 6
x2 – 36 ≟ 0 x2 – 36 ≟ 0
( 6 )2 – 36 ≟ 0 (- 6 )2 – 36 ≟ 0
36 – 36 ≟ 0 36 – 36 ≟ 0
0
= 0 0
= 0
8
Both values of x satisfy the given equation.
Thus x2 – 36 = 0 is true when x = 6 and x = -6.
Answer: The equation x2 – 36 = 0 has two solutions: x = 6 and x = -6.
Note: A quadratic equation can have two or only one real solution(s).
In some cases, it can also have no real solutions.
Solutions:
2
m2=0
The equation m = 0 is already in
the form x2 = r.
m2 ≟ 0
(0)2 ≟ 0
0
= 0
9
Property 3. If r < 0, then x2 = r has no real solutions or roots.
Solutions:
Rewrite x2 + 9 = 0 in the form
2
x2 + 9 = 0 x2 + 9 – 9 = 0 – 9
x = r by adding both sides of the
x2 = - 9
equation by -9.
In the next example, other mathematical concepts you previously learned are
used along with the property needed to solve the quadratic equation by extracting
square roots. Study the steps to help you with the activities that follow.
Solutions:
To solve (x – 3)2 – 81 = 0, add 81
(x – 3)2 – 81 + 81 = 0 + 81
to both sides of the equation and
simplify.
(x – 3)2 = 81
10
Solve each equation to find the solutions. For x – 3 = 9 For x – 3 = - 9,
x–3+3=9+3 x – 3 + 3 = -9 + 3
x = 12 x = -6
(x – 3)2 – 81 ≟ 0 (x – 3)2 – 81 ≟ 0
(9)2 – 81 ≟ 0 (-9)2 – 81 ≟ 0
81 – 81 ≟ 0 81 – 81 ≟ 0
0
= 0 0
= 0
Both values of x satisfy the given equation.
Your goal in this section is to apply key concepts of solving quadratic equations
by extracting square roots. Use the mathematical ideas and the examples presented
to answer the next activities.
11
What’s More
1. x2 – 100 = 0 4. x2 =
2. x2 = 121 5. (x – 2)2 – 4 = 0
3. 2x2 = 50
Were you able to extract the roots of each equation? I’m sure you did!
Now, deepen your understanding of solving quadratic equations by
extracting square roots further by doing the next activities.
12
Now that you have deeper understanding of the topic, you are ready to
do a practical task in which you will demonstrate your understanding of
solving quadratic equations by extracting square roots.
What I Can Do
1. Write a quadratic equation that represents the area of each square. Then find
the length of its side using the equation formulated. Answer the questions that
follow. S
13
Summary
This lesson was about solving quadratic equations by extracting square roots.
The lesson provided you with opportunities to describe quadratic equations and
solve these by extracting square roots. You were also able to find out how such
equations are illustrated in real life. Moreover, you were given the chance to
demonstrate your understanding of the lesson by doing practical tasks. Your
understanding of this lesson and other previously learned mathematics concepts and
principles will enable you to learn about the wide applications of quadratic equations
in real life.
14
Lesson Solving Quadratic Equations
2b by Factoring
What’s In
1. 2x2 – 6x 4. 4t2 + 8t + 4
2. -3x2 + 21x 5. 4x2 - 9
3. x2 -10x + 24 6. 2y2 – 3y – 14
Process Questions:
a. How did you factor each polynomial expression?
b. What factoring technique did you use to come up with the factors of each
polynomial expression? Justify your method or technique.
c. How did you check if the factors you obtained are correct?
d. Which of the polynomial expressions you find difficult to factor? Why?
15
What do you think of the activity? Were you able to recall and apply the
different mathematics concepts or principles in factoring polynomials? I’m sure
you were good at it. The activity was a preparation for the next lesson.
What’s New
x–2=0 x – 9= 0 ( x- 2) (x – 9) = 0
How did you find the activity? Are you ready to learn about solving
quadratic equations by factoring? I know you are always prepared to
explore new challenges just like in real life. But how does finding solutions
of quadratic equations help in solving real life problems and in making
decisions? You will find this out in the next activity. Before engaging these
activities, read and understand first some important notes on solving
quadratic equations by factoring and the examples presented.
16
What Is It
Steps Solutions
1. Transform the equation into
2
x2 + 7x = - 6 x2 + 7x +6 = 0
standard form ax +bx +c = 0.
17
x +1 = 0
4. Solve each resulting equation to get x+6=0
x+1–1=0–1
the value of the variable x+-6=0–6
x=-1
x=-6
Steps Solutions
1. Transform the equation into
2
4x2 – 9 = 0
standard form ax +bx +c = 0.
In this case, the quadratic equation
is already in standard form.
18
3. Apply the zero product property by (2x – 3) (2x + 3) = 0
setting each factor of the quadratic 2x – 3 = 0 , 2x + 3 = 0
expression equal to 0.
= =
x= x=
4x2 – 9 ≟ 0 4x2 – 9 ≟ 0
4 –9≟0 4 –9≟0
4 –9≟0 4 –9≟0
9–9≟0 9–9≟0
0
= 0 0
= 0
19
Example 3: Solve 4y2 +36 = - 24y.
Steps Solutions
1. Transform the equation into
2
4y2 +36 = - 24y 4y2 + 24y + 36 = 0
standard form ax +bx +c = 0.
y=-3 y=-3
20
In this case, we can say that the
quadratic equation has only one real
solution since the two equations obtained
the same value which is y = - 3.
5. Check to determine if the value is Checking:
correct by substituting it from the
4y2 +36 = - 24y
original equation.
4( - 3 )2 +36 = - 24( - 3 )
4(9) +36 = 72
36 +36 = 72
72
= 72
What’s More
1. x2 + 6x = 16 4. 4x2 + 12x – 16 = 0
2. x2 - 49 = 0 5. n2 – 81 = 0
3. x2 +121 = 22x
21
Was it easy for you to find the solutions of quadratic equations by
factoring? Did you apply the different mathematics concepts and principles
in finding the solutions of each equation? I know you did!
Now that you have a deeper understanding of the topic, you are ready to do the
tasks in the next activity.
22
What I Can Do
Mrs. Ester would like to increase her production of mangoes due to its high
demand in the market. She is thinking of extending her 10,000 square meter land
with her adjacent 6,000 square meter lot near a river. Help Mrs. Ester by making a
sketch plan of the possible extension to be made in order for her to maximize her
profit. Out of the given situation and the sketch plan you made, formulate as many
quadratic equations then solve by factoring. You may use the rubric below to rate
your work.
23
Summary
This lesson was about solving quadratic equations by factoring. The lesson
provided you with opportunities to describe quadratic equations and solve these by
factoring. Factoring method is a great tool for solving factorable Quadratic Equations.
Moreover, it is a useful method to solve not only Quadratic binomials but Quadratic
trinomials as well. It is important that you know the factoring techniques taught in
your previous year as it is of great help to this method of solving.
You were also able to find out how such equations are illustrated in real life.
Moreover, you were given the chance to demonstrate your understanding of the
lesson by doing a practical task. Your understanding of this lesson and other
previously learned mathematics concepts and principles will facilitate your learning of
the wide applications of quadratic equations in real life.
24
Lesson Solving Quadratic Equations
2c by Completing the Square
What’s In
1. x2 + 1 = 50 4. s2 - 25 = - 25
2. r2 + 12 = 61 5. w2 – 12w = -36
3. ( t – 9 )2 = 121 6. m2 + 8m = 48
Process Questions:
a. How did you find the solution(s) of each equation?
b. Which of the equations has only one solution? Why?
c. Which of the equations has two solutions? Why?
25
What do you think of the activity? Were you able to recall and apply the
different mathematics concepts or principles in factoring polynomials? I’m sure
you were good at it. The activity is a preparation for the next lesson, solving
quadratic equations by completing the square.
3. w2 - 2w +1 6. s2 + s +
4. 4. x2 + 3x +
Process Questions:
a. How do you describe a perfect square trinomial?
b. What mathematics concepts or principles did you apply to come up with your
answer? Explain how you applied these.
c. Observe the terms of each trinomial. How is the third term related to the
coefficient of the middle term?
d. Is there an easy way of expressing a perfect square trinomial as a square of a
binomial? If there is any, explain how.
26
What’s New
1. x2 + 22x +_____
Answer:
x2 + 22x + (?)2
x2 + 2(11)x + (11)2 --- Definition of Perfect Square Trinomial
x2 + 2(11)x + 121
Therefore, the missing number is 121.
Did you find it easy to determine the number that must be added to the
term(s) of polynomials to make it a perfect square trinomial? Were you able to
realize how it can be easily done? In the next activity, you will be representing
a situation using a mathematical sentence. Such mathematical sentence will be
used to satisfy the conditions of the given situation.
27
Activity 4: Paint My Room!
Directions: The shaded region of the diagram shows the portion of a square-shaped
room that is already painted. The area of the painted part is 24m 2. Use
the diagram to answer the following questions.
2m
1. If y represents the side length of the
room and x represents the width of
the painted portion,
a. write an equation that represents
the side length of the room in
terms of x. A = 24 m2
b. write an equation that represents
the area of the painted portion
in terms of x and y.
2. What equation would represent the
area of the painted part of the
room in terms of x only?
3. Using the equation formulated, solve for the dimension of the room.
How did you find the activities? Are you ready to learn about solving
quadratic equations by completing the squares? I know you are!!! From the
previous activities you were able to solve equations, express a perfect square
trinomial as a square of a binomial, write perfect square trinomials, and represent a
real life situation by a mathematical sentence. But how does finding solutions of
quadratic equations facilitate in solving real life problems and in making decisions?
You will find these out in the next activities.
28
What Is It
Extracting square roots and factoring are two methods commonly used to
solve quadratic equations of the form ax2 - c = 0 . If the factors of the quadratic
expression of ax2 + bx + c = 0 are determined, then it is more convenient to use
factoring to solve it.
Another method of solving quadratic equations is by completing the square.
This method involves transforming the quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0. into the
form (x – h)2 = k, where k ≥ 0. The value of k should be positive to obtain a real
number solution.
Steps Solution
2
1. Divide both sides of the equation by 2x + 12x – 14 = 0
the coefficient a then simplify.
x2 + 6x – 7 = 0
29
2. Write the equation such that the terms
x2 + 6x – 7 = 0 x2 + 6x – 7 + 7 = 0 + 7
with variables are on the left side of the
x2 + 6x = 7
equation and the constant term is on the
right side.
3. Add the square of one-half the
coefficient b on both sides of the x2 + 6x = 7 x2 + 6x + 9 = 7 + 9
resulting equation. Then, the left side of x2 + 6x + 9 = 16
the equation becomes a perfect square
trinomial.
x2 + 6x = 7
Since b = 6,
(b) (6)=3 32 = 9
x2 + 6x + 9 = 16 (x + 3)2 = 16
30
7. Check the solutions obtained against Checking:
the original equation. For x = 1:
2x2 + 12x – 14 ≟ 0
2(1)2 + 12(1) – 14 ≟ 0
2(1) + 12 – 14 ≟ 0
2 + 12 – 14 ≟ 0
0
= 0
For x = -7:
2x2 + 12x – 14 ≟ 0
2(-7)2 + 12(-7) – 14 ≟ 0
2(49) – 84 – 14 ≟ 0
98 – 84 – 14 ≟ 0
0
= 0
Steps Solution
a = 1.
Since a = 1, we don’t need to divide
both sides of the equations by 1 because
the equation will stay as it is.
31
2. Write the equation such that the terms
with variables are on the left side of the x2 - 8x - 9 = 0 x2 - 8x – 9 + 9 = 0 + 9
right side.
3. Add the square of one-half the
coefficient b on both sides of the
resulting equation. Then, the left side of
the equation becomes a perfect square
trinomial.
x2 - 8x - 9 = 0 x2 - 8x = 9 x2 - 8x + 16 = 9 + 16
x2 - 8x + 16 = 25
Since b = 8,
(b) (8)=4 42 = 16
x2 - 8x + 16 = 25 (x - 4)2 = 25
( x – 4 )2 square of a binomial
32
7. Check the solutions obtained against Checking:
the original equation. For x = 9:
x2 - 8x - 9 ≟ 0
(9)2 – 8(9) – 9 ≟ 0
81 – 72 – 9 ≟ 0
0
= 0
For x = -1:
x2 – 8x – 9 ≟ 0
(-1)2 – 8(-1) – 9 ≟ 0
1+8–9≟0
0 = 0
x = -1.
Your goal in the next section is to apply the key concepts of solving
quadratic equations by completing the square. Use the mathematical ideas
and the examples presented to answer the activities provided.
33
What’s More
1. x2 – 2x = 7 3. m2 + 10m + 9 = 0
2. s2 + 4s – 60 = 0 4. w2 + 3w = 3
How did you find the method of completing the square? Was it easy for you to
find the solutions of a quadratic equation by completing the square? If it is, you did a
good job! You may now proceed to the next activities and test your learning further.
1. Do you agree that any quadratic equation can be solved by completing the
square? Explain your answer.
2. If you are going to choose between completing the square and factoring in
finding the solutions in each of the following equations, which would you
chose? Explained and answer the given equation using your preferred
method.
a. 4x2 -16x+ 12 = 0 b. x2 - 8x + 15 = 0
3. Meg wants to use completing the square in solving the quadratic equation
x2 – 25 = 0. Can she use it in finding the solutions of the equation? Explain
why or why not?
34
What I Can Do
A. Form an open box out from a rectangular piece of cardboard whose length
is 6 cm longer than its width. To form the box, a square of side 3 cm will
be removed from each corner of the cardboard. Then the edges of the
remaining cardboard will be turned up.
a. Draw a diagram to illustrate the given situation.
b. How would you represent the dimensions of the cardboard?
c. What expressions represent the length, width, and height of the box?
d. If the box is to hold 448 cm3, what mathematical sentence would
represent the given situation?
e. Using the mathematical sentence formulated, how are you going to
find the dimensions of the rectangular piece of cardboard?
f. What are the dimensions of the rectangular piece of cardboard?
g. What is the length of the box? How about its width and height?
35
Summary
This lesson was about solving quadratic equations by completing the square.
The lesson provided you with opportunities to describe quadratic equations and
solve these by completing the square. You were able to find out also how such
equations are illustrated in real life. Moreover, you were given the chance to
demonstrate your understanding of the lesson by doing a practical task. Your
understanding of this lesson and other previously learned mathematics concepts and
principles will facilitate your learning of the wide applications of quadratic equations
in real life.
36
Lesson
Solving Quadratic Equations
2d by Quadratic Formula
What’s In
1. 4.
2. 5.
3. 6.
37
7. 9.
8. 10.
Process Questions:
a. How would you describe the expressions given?
b. How did you simplify each expression?
c. Which expression did you find difficult to simplify? Why?
How was the activity for you? Were you able to simplify each
expression? I’m sure you were good at it. Now let us test your memory further.
38
What’s New
Steps Reason
Why?
ax2 + bx + c = 0 ax2 + bx = - c
x2 + = Why?
)= ; ( )2 = Why?
x2 + + Why?
(x + )2 = Why?
x+ x+ Why?
39
X= Why?
Why?
x=
How did you find the activities? Are you ready to learn about solving
quadratic equations using quadratic formula? I know you are! Now, read and
understand the important notes on solving quadratic equations using the quadratic
formula and the examples that will be presented in this lesson. It will help you a lot
as you answer the next activities.
What Is It
.
4. Evaluate and simplify the result.
5. Check the solutions obtained using the original equation.
40
Study the example that follows to help you understand more.
Example 1: Find the solutions of the equation 2x2 + 3x = 27 using the quadratic
formula.
Steps Solution
2x2 + 3x – 27 = 0
2. Determine the values of the
coefficients a, b, and c.
a = 2, b = 3, and c = - 27
We obtained
two equations
x=3
41
5. Check the solutions obtained using Checking:
the original equation. For x = 3:
2x2 + 3x ≟ 27
2(3)2 + 3(3) ≟ 27
2(9) + 9 ≟ 27
18 + 9 ≟ 27
27
= 27
For x = :
2x2 + 3x ≟ 27
2( )2 + 3( ) ≟ 27
2( ) - ≟ 27
- ≟ 27
27
= 27
Now, let’s test your understanding by doing the activities set for you.
42
What’s More
1. x2 + 5x = 14 4. 2x2 + 7x = -9
2. x2 + 5x + 4 = 0 5. x2 + 4x + 4 = 0
3. 9x2 - 63 = 0
Process Questions:
a. Base on your answers, what is the maximum number of solutions a quadratic
equation can have?
b. Which equation has only one solution? Describe this equation.
c. Which equation has no real solution? Describe this equation.
d. How did the use of the quadratic formula in finding the solution/s of each
equation helped you?
43
What I Have Learned
What I Can Do
Suppose you own a family bakeshop and you are to cut different sizes
of rectangular box board to be used as a box for your business. The sizes of
the box board you have are listed below:
44
Box 1: The length is twice its width and the area is 338 sq.in.
Box 2: The length is 12 inches less than thrice its width and the area is
96 sq.in.
Box 3: The perimeter of the box board is 80 in. and the area is 384 sq. in
Process Questions:
a. What quadratic equation represents the area of each piece of the box board?
Write the equation in terms of the width of the box board.
b. Write each quadratic equation formulated in item 1 in standard form. Then
determine the values of a, b, and c.
c. Solve each quadratic equation using the quadratic formula.
d. Which of the solutions or roots obtained represents the width of each box
board? Explain your answer.
e. What is the length of each piece of box board? Explain how you arrived at
your answer.
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Summary
This lesson was about solving quadratic equations using the quadratic
formula. The lesson provided you opportunities to describe quadratic equations and
solve these by using the quadratic formula. You were able to find out also how such
equations are illustrated in real life. Moreover, you were given the chance to
demonstrate your understanding of the lesson by doing a practical task. Your
understanding of this lesson and other previously learned mathematics concepts and
principles will facilitate your learning of the wide applications of quadratic equations
in real life.
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Assessment
Directions: Read each item carefully and choose the letter of the correct answer.
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17. Find the solutions of the following equation x2 - 5x = 14
A. 7 and -2 B. -7 and 2 C. 7 and 2 D. -7 and -2
18. In the equation 4x2 -16x+ 12 = 0, the solution is?
A. 3 B. 4 C. -3 D. 2
2
19. In the equation x - 8x + 15 = 0, the solutions are?
A. 3 and -3 B. 5 and -3 C. 5 and 3 D. -5 and -3
20. In the equation x2 – 2x = 7, the solutions are?
A. 1+ and 1- C. 1+ and 1-
B. 3+ and 3 - D. 2+ and 2-
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Key to Answers
What I Know
1. C 11. B
2. B 12. B
3. B 13. A
4. B 14. B
5. C 15. C
6. A 16. A
7. C 17. C
8. C 18. A
9. D 19. B
10. C 20. B
Lesson 2a
Activity 1 Process Questions:
1. ±7 a) Answers may vary
2. –(9) = ±9 b) two (the positive and the negative square
3. ±13 roots)
4. ± c) No. Squaring a number does not give a
5. ± negative result
6. ± d) ,– , ,
e) and
Activity 2
2.45
1. Irrational numbers
2.83
2. Answers may vary
2.24
3.46
5.48
7.07
8.66
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Activity 3 Activity 4
a. Answers may vary 1. Answers may vary
b. s2 = 2,500 2. Answers may vary
c. 3. Substitute the values to the
original equation to check
d. 900 sq. M
e.
f.
Activity 5
1. Answers may vary
2.
3.
4.
5. Answers may vary
Activity 6
1. x = ± 10 4. x = ±
2. x = ± 5. x = 0 , x = 4
3. x = ±
Activity 7
1. Answers may vary
2. Answers may vary
Activity 8
1. s x s = 225 s2 = 225
2. Answers may vary
Lesson 2b
Activity 1
1. 2x (x-3) 5. (2y – 7)(y + 2)
2. -3x (x – 7) 6. (x – 6) (x -4)
3. ( 2t + 2 ) ( 2t + 2 ) or 4 ( t+1) ( t+1)
4. (2x-3) (2x+ 3)
50
Process Questions:
a. Answers may vary
b. Answers may vary
c. By multiplying the expressions obtained to check
d. Answers may vary
Activity 2
1. Linear , linear, quadratic
2. X =2 , x = 9, and (x=2 and x= 9)
3. Check the values of x from the original equation to satisfy the given
equation.
4. Answers may vary
5. No
6. The product of (x – 2) and (x – 9) is 0. Therefore, one of them must be
zero or both.
Activity 3
1. (x + 8) (x – 2 ) = 0 , x = -8 and x = 2
2. x = ±7
3. (x – 11) (x – 11) =0 , x = 11 and x = 11
4. (x + 4)(x – 1 ) = 0 , x = - 4 and x = 1
5. n = ±9
Activity 4
1. b and d
2. Answers may vary
3. Yes
Lesson 2c
Activity 1
1. x = 7 and x = -7 4. s = 0
2. t = 7 and t = -7 5. w = 6
3. t = 20 and t = -2 6. m = -12 and m = 4
Process Questions:
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a. Answers may vary
b. s2 - 25 = - 25 and w2 – 12w = -36
c. all except #4 and #5
Activity 2
1. ( x + 3 )2 4. ( x + 3/2 )2
2. ( t – 5 )2 5. ( t – 12 )2
3. ( w – 1 )2 6. ( s + ½ )2
Process Questions:
a. The quadratic term and the constant are perfect squares and the linear
term is the product of the square root of the quadratic term and the
constant times 2.
b. Special products
c. The 3rd term is the square of one half the coefficient of the middle term.
d. Answers may vary
Activity 3
1. 121
2. 36
3. 16
4. 81
5. 1
6. 9/4
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Activity 4
1. Let y be the length of the shaded part of the room
X be the width of the shaded part of the room.
(a) y = x + 2
(b) xy = 24
2. x (x+2) = 24
3. x (x+2) = 24 x2 + 2x = 24 x2 + 2x - 24 = 0
4. (x +6) (x – 4) = 0 (x +6 ) = 0 , (x – 4) = 0 x = -6 , x = 4
Using x = 4 to find y:
y=x+2
y = (4) + 2
y=6
Activity 5
1. x = 1+ and x = 1-
2. s = 6 and s = -10
3. m = -1 and m = -9
4. w = -3/2 + and w = -3/2 -
Activity 6
1. Yes
2. Methods may vary
a. x = 3 and x = 1
b. x = 5 and x = 3
3. No
Activity 7
(Refer to the rubric)
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Lesson 2d
Activity 1
1. 5/4 Process Questions: Answers may vary
2. 3/4
3. -1/2
4. 2
5. 4
6. -3/2
7. -4
8. 2
9. -2
10. 5/3
Activity 2
1. 3x2 +12x -18 = 0 , a =3 , b= 12 , c = -18
2. x2 +7x - 8 = 0 , a =1 , b= 7 , c = -8
3. -3x2 +15x +21 = 0 , a =-3 , b= 15 , c = 21
4. 2x2 - 10x -9 = 0 , a =2 , b= -10 , c = -9
2
5. x +5x +6 = 0 , a =1 b= 5 , c = 6
6. 3x2 -12x +22 = 0 , a =3 , b= -12 , c = 22
54
Activity 5
1. Yes
2. Answers may vary
3. Yes
4. a) Extracting square roots, Factoring and Completing the square
b) Factoring, Completing the square and Quadratic Formula
c) Completing the square and Quadratic Formula
d) Completing the square and Quadratic Formula
Activity 6
(Refer to the rubric)
Assessment
1. C 11. D
2. C 12. B
3. D 13. B
4. C 14. C
5. B 15. A
6. A 16. A
7. B 17. C
8. D 18. A
9. B 19. B
10. D 20. B
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References:
(Bryant, Merden L.; Bulalayao, Leonides E.; Callanta, Melvin M.; Cruz, Jerry D.; De
Vera, Richard F.; Garcia, Gilda T.; Javier, Sonia E.; Lazaro, Roselle A.; Mesterio,
Bernadeth J.; Saladino, Rommel Hero A.; 2014)
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