Unit 2.

SYNONYMS AND PARAPHRASE

SYNONYMS
Exercise 11 (p. 65)

1. strong/powerful
(a) They are a strong-powerful team.
(b) She is a powerful old leader.
2. ripe/mature
(a) The ripe old age- mature age
(b) Ripe tomato
3. broad/wide
(a) The river is quite wide-broad.
(b) Wide of the mark
4. soil/earth
(a) Planting the seedlings in soil-earth in the garden.
(b) The planet Earth
5. edge/side
(a) Two edges- Two sides
(b) Right side of the brain
6. permit/allow
(a) They was permitted /allowed to build this house.
(b) The police did not permit the crime to leave the jail.
Exercise 12: Identify various meanings of each of the two given polysemous words
and then point out which meaning exemplify partial synonymy.
1. deep
(i) This is a deep well.
(ii) He only gave a deep sigh.
(iii) You have my deep sympathy.
(iv)With his hands deep in his pockets, he went away.
The (i) meaning of deep is synonymous with ___(iv)_______.
2. broad
(i) The river is very broad at this point.
(ii) He just gave a broad smile.
(iii) Luckily, my boss is a man of broad views.
(iv) He speaks English with a broad Yorkshire accent.
The _(i)________ meaning of broad is synonymous with __(ii)______.

PARAPHRASE
Exercise 31 (p. 100)

The following pairs are paraphrases of each other. Identify the way employed to
paraphrase them.

1(a) The house was CONCEALED by the tree.

1(b) The house was HIDDEN by the tree.

=> change individual words( synonym)

2(a) The needle is too short.

2(b) The needle is not long enough.

 change sentence structure

3(a) Some countries have no coastline.

3(b) Not all countries have a coastline.

 Change individual words,

4(a) Watching television is not a waste of time.

4(b) Watching television is a good way to spend one’s time.

 Change individual words

5(a) My friend LOATHES string beans.

5(b) My pal HATES pole beans.

  Change individual words

6(a) I’ll LOOK FOR that book right now.

6(b) I’ll SEEK FOR that book at once/immediately.

 Change individual words

7(a) Steve HUGGED Jane.

7(b) Steve GAVE Jane a hug.

 Change individual words

8(a) John is the parent of James.

8(b) James is the child of John.

 Change individual words( relational antonym)

9(a) My father OWNS this car.

9(b) This car BELONGS TO my father.

 Change individual words

10(a) John SOLD the book to David.

10(b) David BOUGHT the book from John.

 Change individual words

11(a) Steve HUGGED Jane.

11(b) Jane WAS HUGGED by Steve.

 Change sentence structure

12(a) We HAD hardly BEGUN our work when it rained.

12(b) Hardly HAD we BEGUN our work when it rained.

 Change sentence structure

13(a) Sitting in one place for so long is very uncomfortable.

13(b) It is very uncomfortable to sit in one place for so long

 Change sentence structure
14(a) I saw Ted at the party.

14(b) It was Ted that I saw at the party.

 Change sentence structure

15(a) The nearest service station is 50 miles away.

15(b) It is 50 miles to the nearest service station.

 Change sentence structure

16(a) Jenny and Kevin are twins.

16(b) Kevin and Jenny are twins.

 Change sentence structure

17(a) They had a wonderful holiday even though the weather was bad.

17(b) Despite/In spite of the bad weather, they had a wonderful holiday.
 Change sentence structure

17(c) They had a wonderful holiday, despite the bad weather.

17(d) They had a wonderful holiday in spite of the bad weather.

 Change sentence structure

18(a) Bachelors PREFER red-haired girls.

18(b) Girls with red hair ARE PREFERRED by unmarried men.

 Change individual words and structure

19(a) Sam SLICED the salami with a knife.

19(b) Sam USED a knife to slice the salami.

 Change individual words and structure