A QUALITATIVE STUDY ON THE COGNIZANCE OF MINORS IN THE CITY OF

MARIKINA REGARDING THE NEW CURFEW ORDINANCE: FUNCTIONAL OR NOT?

S.Y.: 2016 – 2017

A Thesis Paper

Presented to Mrs. Julie Perlas

Faculty of Roosevelt College Incorporated Marikina

Marikina City

In Partial Fulfillment

Of the Requirements for Practical Research 1

Submitted by:

Ariniego, Monica

Concepcion, Maeden

Molina, Chrystelle Jane

Padilla, Jezreel Carla

Uganiza, Dana Danielle

Dela Cruz, Rhyan Gerard

Hidalgo, Jommer Paul

Manahan, Prince Dale

Rivera, Mark John

Vinuya, Earl James

(11-ABM)

October 2016
 Abstract

This study explored and discovered the cognizance or

the awareness of minors in the City of Marikina regarding

the new curfew ordinance through case study. Data were

collected by conducting interview schedules. To completely

understand the different views of the society surrounding

this issue, it was deemed crucial to investigate the

viewpoints of the said ordinance. It was found out that the

respondents are all aware of the curfew ordinance but a

part of them are still doubting on the capability of the

said ordinance in regards to lessening the crimes. The

ordinance can be improved by varying the feedbacks and

suggestions of the selected respondents.

 ii

Dedication

The researchers would like to dedicate this research

study to the society and to their parents, for their

endless support in striving to finish this thesis. They

would also want to dedicate this research study to friends,

advisers, instructors who inspired them to finish this, and

also to the Almighty God who gave them strength to finish

this research study.

 iii

Acknowledgement

The researchers would like to express their special

appreciation and thanks to the people who supported,

guided, mentored and helped them from the beginning in

order to achieve the victory of their research study.

First of all, we would like to thank our Almighty God

for giving us the knowledge, wisdom and understanding and

guided us in every activity that our group did to achieve

the finish line.

The researchers also take this opportunity to record

their sincere thanks to Mrs. Julie Perlas, their research

adviser for approving and supporting their research study.

To Mrs. Helen Mayor, the school librarian for allowing

the researchers to borrow some previous research books and

other related books in their study to complete the data

they needed.

On record, their sense of gratitude to one and all

who, directly or indirectly have lent their helping hand in

this venture.
 iv

Table of Contents

Title.......................................................

Abstract.................................................... i

Dedication.................................................. ii

Acknowledgement............................................. iii

Table of Contents........................................... iv

List of Tables.............................................. vii

List of Figures............................................ viii

Chapter 1: The Problem and its Background

Introduction.................................................. 1

Theoretical Framework ........................................ 2

Statement of the Problem...................................... 3

Purpose of Research........................................... 4

Significance of the Study..................................... 5

Research Method............................................... 5

Definition of Terms........................................... 6

Scope and Delimitation........................................ 7

Chapter 2: Related Studies and Literature

Local Literature............................................. 8

Foreign Literature........................................... 12
 v

Related Studies.............................................. 13

Synthesis.................................................... 17

Chapter 3: Research Design and Methodology

Methods of Research......................................... 18

Locale of the Study......................................... 18

Respondents of the Study.................................... 19

Research Instrument......................................... 20

Data Gathering Procedures................................... 20

Chapter 4: Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data

Profile of the Respondents.................................. 21

Awareness of the minors regarding the curfew ordinance...... 26

Feeling of the minors regarding the curfew ordinance........ 27

Adjustments of the minors regarding the curfew ordinance.... 28

Feedbacks of the minors and parents regarding the curfew

ordinance................................................... 29

Perception of the parents in a hypothesis that curfew ordinance

can reduce the number of crimes and danger in Marikina

City........................................................ 31

Chapter 5: Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation

Summary..................................................... 32
 vi

Conclusion.................................................. 33

Recommendation.............................................. 33

References.................................................. 35
 vii

List of Tables

Table 1: Distribution of Respondents........................ 19

 viii

List of Figures

Figure 1: Gender of the Respondents.................... 21

Figure 1.1: Age of the Respondents..................... 22

Figure 1.2: Home location of the Respondents........... 23

Figure 1.3: School of the Respondents.................. 24

Figure 1.4: Class Schedule of the Respondents.......... 25

Figure 2: Awareness of the minors in regards to the new

curfew ordinance.............................. 26

Figure 3: Feelings of the minors when they first heard the

curfew ordinance.............................. 27

Figure 3.1: Adjustments made by the minors when the curfew

ordinance was implemented..................... 28

Figure 4: Feedbacks and suggestions of the minors regarding

the curfew ordinance.......................... 29

Figure 5: Feedbacks of parents regarding the curfew

ordinance...................................... 30

Figure 6: Perception of the parents in a hypothesis that

curfew ordinance can reduce the number of crimes

and danger in Marikina City.................... 31

 Chapter 1

The Problem and its Background

Introduction

"Be back before eight o'clock in the evening." The

authority in his voice was heard. "That's insane." She

scoffed. "It's not insane. It's called curfew." The old man

replied.

Youth especially minors tend to go home late at night

with variety of reasons resulting parents to worry. It's no

longer safe for minors to go outside in the middle of the

night knowing that there are various criminal activities.

Countless crimes and dangers where minors are involved are

continuously increasing and one of the ways of the new

administration to reduce these hazards is to order the

curfew ordinance.

"Freedom of movement is the very essence of our free

society -- once the right to travel is curtailed all other

rights suffer." — William O. Douglas. Now that the curfew

ordinance is implemented, is it really beneficial and

functional or not?
 2

Theoretical Framework

This study was anchored to the theory of Yeide (2009),

which tells that adolescent check in time laws fit into an

approach of fierier requirement endeavors, all the more

sentencing, and expanded social control. It additionally

recognizes adolescents in early phases of misconduct and

can profit by mediation systems.

Time limit laws are a general discouragement technique

went for lessening wrongdoing and exploitation in the

general populace of adolescents. That is, diminished chance

to carry out wrongdoings ought to convert into perpetrating

less violations (Wilson et al. 2016). From a hypothetical

viewpoint, curfews are essentially intended to avoid

wrongdoing and viciousness by keeping adolescents far from

reprobate open doors. They are seen by some as a component

of a more fiery law-requirement exertion, and by others as

recognizing adolescents in early phases of wrongdoing and

giving them with a chance to mediation programs. Be that as

it may, adolescent check in time laws have been the subject

of various lawful difficulties.

Check in time laws have been tested in light of the

fact that they are unlawful, in view of infringement of the

right to speak freely, rise to assurance and due process,

 3

flexibility of development, privileges of guardians to

raise their kids, and that the young people are for the

most part not settled delinquents (Wilson et al. 2016;

Schwartz and Wang 2005; Yeide 2009). The established reason

for encroaching on the privileges of youth lays on the

presumption that curfews decrease adolescent wrongdoing and

exploitation. The aftereffects of the difficulties are

blended, however Wilson and associates (2016), take note of

that the more special cases for "`acceptable exercises'

(for instance, honest to goodness vocation) a given

approach gives, the more probable it is to survive a test

on established grounds."

Statement of the Problem

This study entitled "The Cognizance of Minors in the

City of Marikina Regarding the New Curfew Ordinance:

Functional or Not?" was created and sought to answer these

questions:

1. What is the profile of the selected correspondents in

terms of the following variables?

1. Gender

1.1 Age
 4

1.2 Home Location (Barangay)

1.3 School Location

1.4 Class Schedule

2. Are the minors from Marikina aware of the said

ordinance?

3. How can this ordinance affect the minors?

4. What are the feedbacks of the minors in the said

ordinance?

5. Are the minors’ parents in favor with the new curfew

ordinance?

6. Does the newly implemented curfew ordinance reduce the

continuous number of danger and crime in the Marikina City?

Purpose of Research

Filipino youths, especially minors, in the City of

Marikina tend to go home late for some varying reasons –

educational, etc. This research study tends to identify how

the curfew ordinance affect them and their parents, how

this ordinance reduces crimes and dangers in the city of

 5

Marikina, etc. In short, this study tends to know how

functional this said ordinance is.

Significance of the Study

To the Students. Students may use the study to know

the importance of the ordinance, and how would they react

to the implementation.

To the Parents. Parents would be able to know what

would be the advantage in implementing the curfew to their

children.

To the Community. They would use this to know how the

ordinance works, what will be the outcome of the

implementation and why they should implement curfew.

To the Future Researcher. This will serve as basis for

the future researches.

Research Method

This qualitative research is a case study, because it

deals with an empirical inquiry that investigates a

contemporary phenomenon within the real-life context.

Specifically, this case study refers to the Curfew City

 6

Ordinance for the minors of Marikina. The respondents for

the interview are youths who are 18 years old and below and

their parents. The interview will focus on how much

awareness does these minors and their parents have and how

do they view this ordinance. Through this, the group will

be able to analyze the changes made by the ordinance in the

minors, parents, and the city itself.

Definition of Terms

Cognizance of Minors. Awareness of youths who are 18

years old and below.

Curfew. A regulation requiring minors to remain

indoors between specified hours.

Curfew Ordinance. An order or law that requires the

minors from Marikina City to be indoors at a certain time

at night.

Criminal activities. Countless illegal and violent

acts where minors, especially in Marikina City, were

usually involve.
 7

Case study. An intense analysis of the minors,

stressing developmental factors in relation to the

environment, specifically in reducing crimes and dangers in

Marikina City through the implementation of the curfew

ordinance.

Scope and Delimitation

This study limits its coverage to the youths of

Marikina City, below 18 years old only. This study

considers every aspect of minors’ personal information that

has an impact in their home coming time such as gender,

age, home, location (barangay), school location and class

schedule. Each of the respondents is given the same

questions from the constructed interview schedule.

 Chapter 2

Review of Related Studies and Literature

This chapter presents the related literature and

studies after the thorough and in-depthsearch done by the

researchers.

Related Literature

Local Literature

A research conducted by Africa (2007), discovered the

perception of the PNP in regards with the curfew law.

According to them, there's no need for another curfew day

in the cities of Metro Manila, Central Luzon and Southern

Tagalog regions. There are 872 curfew violators that are

arrested but eventually released. Ten Magdala soldiers

escaped that's why curfew is implemented according to

Ronaldo Puno. Roxas said that curfews lessen our times in

doing the things we want. Australia on the other hand

stated that the Philippines are still unsure about some

certain things; they warned us about the further protests

of the people. In United States and Canada, they advised

 9

their citizens to be cautious, while here in the

Philippines, we were urge to jeep away from protests.

Another work done by Lacson (2011), explains that in

Jolo, Sulu, a temporary six-hour curfew was implemented. It

started last October 08, 2011, where people in the said

place were expected to be in their residences before 10pm

to 4am. Lacson quoted Amin, "Its aim is to address the

safety of all the youngsters and adults, as well as those

who go home late at night without valid reason to stay

outside their residences late at night." First-time

violators of this ordinance will be kept into the custody

until the next day. In the other hand, second-time

violators, before they can be freed, are required to do

community services.

Similarly, an output produced by Postrado (2012),

implied Mayor Alfredo Lim, enforcing Manila to have a

curfew for minors during the April-May school break. It is

to mitigate the risk of youngsters from being victims of

crimes or worst, being part of illegal activities. This

city ordinance 8046 will not allow minors from staying

outside their residences from 10 pm to 4 am unless they're

with their parents, family members of legal age or

guardians. Those who have night classes or work should pass

 10

a certificate to exempt them from this ordinance. For those

who will violate the law, a turnover will be held for their

concerned parents.

Another article written by Esguerra (2012), reveals

the information that the Caloocan Representative Oscar

Malapitan revived House Bill No. 3235 to restrict the

working hours of bars, nightclubs and related

establishments where youth especially minors are usually

present to control crime incidents. The bill states that

the establishments serving inebriating beverages would stay

open just from 5 p.m. to 1 a.m. Malapitan also stated that

he agrees to develop operating hours until 2 a.m. on

weekends and holidays.

Another early work by Kwok (2013), uncovered the fact

that Philippine National Police (PNP) has encouraged

neighborhood government units to entirely implement curfew

for minors around Metro Manila as one of the approaches to

avoid kids from disappearing.

A latest research work by Sadodong (2016), comments

that an old city law on curfew for minors that is not been

upheld for quite a long time has been restored in the

previous weeks with policemen gathering together minors

particularly those who are having drinking sessions at the

 11

sidewalks. The minors, who were gotten either dallying in

the city, inside PC shops, and hanging out, were helped by

work force from the city's Department of Social Welfare and

Development (DSWD).

Still, a research on the same topic done by CNN

Philippines Staff (2016) defined the implementation of

curfew in the three cities specifically Manila, Quezon and

Navotas, is temporarily stopped as it undergoes the case

filed by the "Samahan ng Progresibong Kabataan" (SPARK)

last July. Joanne Lim, a member of spark asserted that, "If

this ordinance really claims to protect the youth, mayroon

namang ibang ways para i-curb ang petty crime or maging

biktima ang mga minors like ma-improve yung lighting

system, maging mas vigilant mismo ang mga pulis natin."

Additionally, an article produced by Valente (2016)

defines Rodrigo Duterte's covenant on his campaign for

presidency lowered his platform to enforce on curfew for

minors nationwide, from 10 pm to 4 am as well as smoking

and liquor ban laws. Duterte imposed that “the violators

will be sent to the custody of concerned agencies, while

their parents will be arrested for letting their children

roam around that late hours."

 12

Foreign Literature

An early work written by Reuters (2008) explained that

the occurrence of violence in the oil city of Basra results

to an emergency session by Iraqi lawmakers. This emergency

session aims to reduce the number of crimes and violence in

the said city. Authorities implemented a three-day curfew

to lessen the violence that already killed almost above 130

people.

"There is a growing trend in the United States as city

official look for answers to ensure the safety of youth in

their communities." (Favro, 2009) The number of cities in

US increased an estimated 50% to about 500. At minimum of

500, US cities have curfews for youngsters that rise for up

to 180,000 above of population. In this ordinance, curfew

prohibits minors from loitering on the streets after 11pm

on weekdays and after midnight on weekends. The curfew was

implemented to lessen the crime, increase parental

responsibility and allow the concerned authorities to be

more aware and to acquire greater ability to stop

suspicious activity. Knight quoted Harisson that curfew is

a crucial law in monitoring the protection of children from

the vices in American Homes. The first youth curfew was

 13

adopted by Omaha, Nebraska. Chicago, the nation’s largest

city with a curfew passed its law.

Related Studies

A research study by Kline (2011) explained that having

a curfew is the best way for a child to stay safe.

According to the survey of Ruefle and Reynold mostly of the

American cities have a curfew ordinance. A subsequent study

by the U.S. conference of mayors found out that 80% of the

population in 347 cities had a curfew ordinance. Juvenile

curfews are common ordinance forbidding minors with an age

range of 18 below from loitering in public areas and

streets during a particular time. The first curfew

ordinance was started in Omaha, Nebraska in 1880 (Hemmens &

Bennett, 1991). President Harrison gave a speech endorsing

curfews as “the most important municipal regulation for the

protection of the children of America homes, from the vices

of the street". As the crime and victimization of children

rises parents learn to strictly implement the curfew

ordinance to their offspring. As of 1991 Dallas, Texas

established a new curfew ordinance that will further be a

model to the other American cities. Dallas curfew was

specifically implemented for the youths of specified ages,

 14

at specific times and will also have an exemption to the

law if they are accompanied by an adult, if they are

responding to an emergency and travelling from school, work

it as a religious service. The city had collected data

showing that juvenile delinquency increased with ages

between 10 and 16, and the time that the crime was mostly

committed was between 10 pm to 1 am. These crimes often

occurred at apartment, parking lots and especially on the

streets and highways. Recent studies rely on variation in

the date of adoption city curfew laws to identify treatment

effects on criminal behavior (Males and Macallair, 1999;

McDowell, et. al., 2000). Curfews appear to have important

effects on the criminal behavior of youth. Based on the

gathered data it proves that being under a curfew reduces

the possibility of the teenagers to do crime.

A study with the same topic by Sutphen and Ford (2015)

concluded that the curfew has no effect on total juvenile

arrests, felonies, misdemeanors, violent (serious) crimes,

or property crimes. By the fact, that a place committed

higher rates of juvenile arrests, also needs a higher level

of police presence and has a lower family income. This

study is contrasted by the results of the commence years of

 15

the curfew implementation in a city with a hundreds of

thousands residents.

One further study made by Grossman and Hoke (2015), it

is concluded that the abstract curfew laws aims to provide

a general protection not only for the youths but also for

the adults by lessening the times that the youths with a

certain age limit to occupy public place. These laws also

have an exemption for the youths, if their accompanied by

their guardians, if they're responding to an emergency or

travelling from school, work or some religious service.

Several courts upheld curves laws as constitutional, while

some already dropped the said law. Even if this is not the

true reason behind the curfew of juvenile, studies found

that juvenile curfew laws lessen youth’s health. Juvenile

curfew law also reduces the injuries and fatalities that

can occur in the streets. Given that these laws have public

health benefits and are still used by other country, this

article will serve as a guide in making a policy, on how to

implement and draft these laws to avoid problems in other

statutes that resulted in them being over-turned. The

policy cycle that is a four-step framework by Harold

Lasswell is used as a basis for this article.

 16

Similarly, the study by White (2016) synthesized the

evidence on the effectiveness of juvenile curfew in

lessening criminal behaviors and victimization. The study

tests the effect of the implemented policy from the minors'

presence outside their houses at a certain time of the day.

It consists of the general preventive measure directed to

all youth with a specific age range. There are twelve

quantitative evaluations of the effects of curfew on youth

criminal behavior or victimization that are included in

this study. Evidence suggests that juvenile curfews are not

effective at reducing crime.

Another research study by Wilson et al., (2016)

investigated how an official state or local policy may

affect the intended restrictions or the juvenile's presence

outdoors during certain times. The evidences illustrate

that juvenile curfews are not effective in lessening

criminal activities. It also shows that the expected

benefits of juvenile curfews are not produced.

 17

Synthesis

This study is similar with the work of Lacson,

Postrado, Kwok, Reuters, Kline, Grossman and Hoke, in a way

that they all concluded curfew as a major factor in

mitigating crimes and dangers worldwide.

Some works like Valente's and Esguerra's defended that

curfews should be implemented even in night clubs, bars or any

drinking session places.

On the other hand, Africa, Sutphen and Ford, White, Wilson

et. al, and the CNN Philippines Staff opposed the motion of this

study. They don’t actually believe that curfews can reduce

crimes.
 Chapter 3

Research Design and Methodology

This particular chapter will discuss about how the

researchers gathered the data that will be used in the

entire study.

Methods of Research

In this study, the case study method was used. Wherein

it is the most suitable method that will best represent our

thesis paper which is, "A Qualitative Study on The

Cognizance of Minors in the City of Marikina regarding the

new curfew ordinance: Functional or not?".

Locale of the Study

This study was conducted in all the barangays in

Marikina City except barangay Industrial Valley Complex

(IVC). It is one of the cities that make up Metro Manila,

the National Capital Region. Marikina was the capital of

the Province of Manila from 1898 to 1899. Marikina was

given the title Shoe Capital of the Philippines because of

its notable shoe industry, being the biggest manufacturer

of shoes in the Philippines.

 9

Respondents of the Study

The respondents of the study were the residents of the

City of Marikina. The researchers used the parents and

minors to have a good evaluation and reaction to the

present study.

Table 1
Number of respondents in each barangay

Barangays Number of respondents (By

pairs)
Concepcion Uno
Concepcion Dos
Parang
Fortune
Tumana
Nangka
Malanday
Marikina Heights
Sto.Niño
Sta.Elena
San Roque 6
Calumpang
Tañong

Barangka

Jesus De La Peña

Table 1 shows the distribution of respondents among the

barangays of Marikina City.

 Research Instrument

In this study, interview schedule was the research

instrument used by the researchers to collect data. The

interview served as the primary instrument in data

gathering. This contents questions for gender, age, home

location, school location and the class schedule of the

said respondents. By the use of interview as the research

instrument, this study was able to analyze and give the

reliable value of the data gathered.

Data Gathering Procedures

To gather the data for this study, the following

procedures are performed. Firstly, the researchers wrote a

letter of permission to the research teacher. Next, the

selection of the respondents by quota sampling, in the

barangays of Marikina City were held for an interview. And

lastly, the data gathered was tallied, organized and

analyzed.
 Chapter IV

Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data

This chapter presented, analyzed and interpreted all

the data gathered in this study. Presentation was done

through the use of graphs. Analysis and interpretations of

data are stated after the graphs presentation.

Distribution of responses with

respect with gender

31%

Female

Male
69%

Figure 1

In this study, 69% or most of our minor respondents

are female, while the remaining 31% are male.

 22

Distribution of responses with

respect to age

24%

Middle
Childhood
Adolescence

76%

Figure 1.1

The ages of our minor respondents were divided by

growth stage: the adolescence with a higher percentage of

76 and the middle childhood with 24%.

 23

Distribution of responses with respect to

home location

Concepcion Uno
6% 7%
6% Tumana
6%
6% Nangka
6%
Marikina Heights
6%
6% Sto. Niño
6% Malanday
8%
6%
Jesus Dela Peña
8%
Tañong
11%
6% San Roque
6%
Barangka

Figure 1.2

Our minor respondents are almost well distributed from

the barangays in Marikina except the barangay Industrial

Valley Complex (IVC). Six percent were chosen from each of

the following barangays: Barangka, Calumpang, Concepcion

Dos, Fortune, Jesus Dela Peña, Marikina Heights, Nangka,

Parang, Sta. Elena, Tañong and Tumana. In Concepcion Uno,

Santo Niño, and Malanday, 8% were chosen. Lastly, with the

highest percentage of 12, our minor respondents came from

the barangay of San Roque.

 24

Distribution of responses with respect

to school

49% Private
51%
Public

Figure 1.3

Most of our respondents, specifically 51% of them are

currently studying in private schools, and the remaining

49% are studying in public schools.

 25

Distribution of responses with respect to

class schedule

26%
Morning
Classes
45%
Whole Day
Classes
Afternoon
Classes
29%

Figure 1.4

The researchers have found out from the chosen minor

respondents that 45% or most of them have morning class

schedule, 25% with afternoon class schedule and the

remaining 29% do have a whole day class.

 26

Distribution of responses with respect

to the awareness of minors in regards
with the newly implemented curfew
ordinance

2%

Yes
No

98%

Figure 2

It is absolutely evident from the above analysis that

98% of the minor respondents are aware of the newly

implemented curfew ordinance, and the remaining 2% are not.

 27

Distribution of responses with respect

to the feeling of the minors when they
first heard the curfew ordinance

18%

Positive
Negative
25%
57% Neutral

Figure 3

The chart above indicates that 57% of our minor

respondents felt positive about the curfew ordinance, 25%

felt negative and 18% felt normal, like nothing have

changed.

“Okay lang”, “Happy”, and “Safe” are some of the terms

the minor respondents answered. On the other hand, some

told us that they were scared, afraid and even irritated

 28

like what Nicole Alatiit, a respondent from barangay Dela

Pena, told us.

Distribution of responses with respect

to the adjustments made by the
minors when the curfew ordinance
was been implemented

25%

Go home
early
None

75%

Figure 3.1

Majority of the minor respondents adjusted their time

to be able to come home as early as they can. They

contributed as much as 75% in this study. On the other

hand, 25% of them did nothing about it.

"Bahay na lang agad", Mr. Vince Rollette Vicente, a

16-year old boy living in Fortune, Marikina City, stated.

 29

According to him, he goes home immediately right after his

class.

Distribution of responses
with respect to the
feedbacks and suggestion of
minors about the curfew
ordinance
Maintain this
ordinance
No curfew during
37% weekends
More strict
55%
None
6% 2%

Figure 4

The chart above shows that there are 3 major feedbacks

we received from the minor respondents,37% of them wants to

maintain the curfew ordinance, 2% wants curfew, but if and

only if, it will not be implemented during weekends and 6%

of them wants this ordinance to be stricter. The remaining

55% didn’t say a thing about the said ordinance.

One of the respondents, particularly Ms. Khim Hyacinth

Jimenez, a resident of Concepcion Dos, Marikina City had

suggested to improve the curfew ordinance "to tighten their

security since there are still crimes committed. They must

 30

hire more people to increase the safeness of the

residents." She wanted the authority to improve their

security and ordinance system.

Distribution of responses with respect to the

feedbacks of parents about the curfew
ordinance

0%

In favor
Not favor

100%

Figure 5
 31

With the full force of 100%, half of our respondents,

specifically the parents of the minors, are in favor with

this curfew ordinance.

Distribution of responses with respect

to the perception of the respondents'
parents in a hypothesis that curfew
ordinance do reduce the number of
crimes and dangers in Marikina City

0%

No
Yes

100%

Figure 6
 32

As part of our respondents, 100% of the minors’

parents do agree that this curfew ordinance can reduce

crimes and dangers in Marikina City

 Chapter 5

Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation

This chapter represents the summary of findings, the

conclusion made and the recommendations offered.

Summary

This study was conducted in Marikina City, except in the

barangay Industrial Valley Complex or IVC, with a total of 100

respondents. This topic is beneficial in a way that the minors,

especially in the city of Marikina, will be aware and be moved

by the said ordinance due to the researchers’ way of gathering

data and way of giving them some information about the said

ordinance. The researcher chose this study in order to know if

the newly implemented curfew ordinance is functional or not.

This study has objectives that was later on overcome. Interview

schedule is the research instrument that was used to gather

data. This qualitative research applied the method of case

study.
 33

Conclusion

The findings of this study indicate that the minor

respondents are aware of the newly implemented curfew ordinance.

Majority of them showed a positive feeling and attitude towards

it. They decided to adjust their time and chose to go home

early, rather than stay outside their house and be near to

crimes and dangers.

Also, the findings indicate that there is a positive

perception brought by the parents, regarding the parameters of

the newly implemented curfew ordinance here in Marikina City.

They all agreed that this curfew ordinance will absolutely

mitigate the crimes and dangers in the city of Marikina.

Recommendation

Based on the conclusion drawn upon, the following statement

are the recommendation of our statement.

1. The young people of the community should practice

discipline by following the curfew ordinance in order to

assure their safety.

2. Parents must also guide their children on how they must

cope up with the new ordinance that was implemented.

 34

3. The researchers recommend that the community should help

the Municipal of Marikina City to lessen and mitigate the

criminal activities by following the said ordinance.

4. This research paper would have a great part on the work of

future researcher on making the topic broader and easier to

comprehend.
 35

Reference List

Africa, R. (2007, December 01). "Curfew lifted after one

night." Malaya, pp. A1, A7.

CNN Philippines Staff. (2016, July 26). "Supreme Court

stops curfew ordinance in QC, Manila, Navotas." CNN

Philippines. Retrieved from

http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/07/26/Curfew-

Manila-Quezon-City-Navotas.html.

Esguerra, C. V. (2012, November 10). "Solon wants 'curfew'

for night spots." Philippine Daily Inquirer, pp. A1,

A7.

Favro, T. (2009, July 21). “Youth curfews popular with

American cities but effectiveness and legality are

questioned.” City Mayors Society 13. Retrieved from

http://www.citymayors.com/society/usa-youth-

curfews.html.

Grossman, E.R. & Hoke, K. (2015). GUIDELINES FOR AVOIDING

PITFALLS WHEN DRAFTING JUVENILE CURFEW LAWS: A LEGAL

ANALYSIS (Saint Louis University School of Law).

Retrieved from
 36

http://law.slu.edu/sites/default/files/Journals/grossm

an-hoke_article.pdf.

Kline P. (2011). The Impact of Juvenile Curfew Laws on

Arrests of Youth and Adults (University of Berkeley).

Retrieved from

http://eml.berkeley.edu/~pkline/papers/curfews_resubmi

t.pdf.

Kwok, A. (2013, April 11). "PNP reminds LGUs to enforce

curfew in bid to halt rising number of missing

children." Interaksyon. Retrieved from

http://interaksyon.com/article/59208/pnp-reminds-lgus-

to-enforce-curfew-in-bid-to-halt-rising-number-of-

missing-children.

Lacson, N. E. (2011, October 12). "Jolo implements

provisional safety measure." Manila Bulletin, pp. 16.

National Institute of Justice Staff. (2016). “Juvenile

Curfew Laws.” Crime Solutions. Gov. Retrieved from

http://www.crimesolutions.gov/PracticeDetails.aspx?ID=

58.

Postrado, L. D. (2012, February 03). "Manila Enforcing

Curfew For Minors." Manila Bulletin, pp. 8.

 37

Reuters. (2008, March 29). "Baghdad placed under curfew.

Lawmakers hold emergency session." Malaya, pp. A3.

Sadodong, M. A. (2016, June 01). "Police enforce old

ordinance on curfew." Manila Bulletin. Retrieved from

http://www.mb.com.ph/police-enforce-old-ordinance-on-

curfew/.

Sutphen, R.D., & Ford, J. (2015). The Effectiveness and

Enforcement of a Teen Curfew Law (University of

Kentucky). Retrieved from

http://scholarworks.wmich.edu/jssw/vol28/iss1/5/.

Valente, C. S. (2016, March 16). "Duterte to implement

curfew, liquor ban, no-smoking policy." Manila Times.

Retrieved from http://www.manilatimes.net/duterte-to-

implement-curfew-liquor-ban-no-smoking-policy/262339/.

Vasquez, P. (2012, October). “Juvenile Curfew Laws.”

Retrieved from

https://www.rit.edu/cla/criminaljustice/sites/rit.edu.

cla.criminaljustice/files/docs/WorkingPapers/UCReviews

/2012-UC-07.Juvey%20Curfew.pdf.

White, H. (2016). “Juvenile curfews are not effective in

reducing crime and victimization.” The Campbell

Collaboration. Retrieved from

 38

file:///D:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/My

%20Documents/Downloads/Campbell_PLS_Youth%20Curfew.pdf

Wilson, D., Gil, C., Olaghere, A., & McClure, D. (2016).

Juvenile Curfew Effects on Criminal Behavior and

Victimization: A Systematic Review (The Campbell

Library). Retrieved from

http://www.campbellcollaboration.org/lib/project/154/.
CURRICULUM
VITAE
PERSONAL INFORMATION:
Name: Monica A. Ariniego
Date of Birth: September 9,1999
Place of Birth: Nangka, Marikina City
Address: #132C Balubad St., Brgy.,
Nangka,
Marikina City
E-mail Address: mongstn@gmail.com
Contact Number: 09068515457
Citizenship: Filipino
Civil Status: Single
Religion: Born Again, Christian
Height: 5'3 “

FAMILY BACKGROUND :
Name of Father: Dante R. Ariniego
Occupation: Electrician
Name of Mother: Edna A. Ariniego
Occupation: Housewife
Sibling/s: Michael A. Ariniego
Monaliza A. Ariniego

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:
Elementary: Hermogenes Bautista Elementary School
Year Graduated: 2012
High School: Roosevelt College Inc. Marikina
PERSONAL INFORMATION:
Name: Chrystelle Jane M. Molina
Date of Birth: February 4 1999
Place of Birth: Marikina City
Address: #11 2nd street geneville
subd. Banaba, San mateo Rizal
E-mail Address:
chrystll_mln@yahoo.com
Contact Number: 09175462232
Citizenship: Filipino
Civil Status: Single
Religion: Catholic
Height: 5'1

FAMILY BACKGROUND : `
Name of Father: Eric C. Molina
Occupation: Seaman
Name of Mother: Violeta M. Molina
Occupation: Housewife
Sibling/s: Christler John M. Molina

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:
Elementary: Roosevelt College Marikina
Year Graduated: 2012
High School: Roosevelt College Inc. Marikina
PERSONAL INFORMATION:
Name: Dana Danielle F. Uganiza
Date of Birth: February 29, 2000
Place of Birth: Cabugao, Ilocos Sur
Address: #10 E. Santos St. Concepcion,
Marikina City
E-mail Address: ddxnielle@yahoo.com
Contact Number: 09953133350
Citizenship: Filipino
Civil Status: Single
Religion: Catholic
Height: 5'4

FAMILY BACKGROUND :
Name of Father: Joselito C. Uganiza
Occupation: Unemployed
Name of Mother: Eleonor F. Uganiza
Occupation: Operations Manager
Sibling/s: Bon Jovi D. Uganiza
Koko Justine F. Uganiza
John Elvis F. Uganiza

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:
Elementary: Palanan Elementary School
Year Graduated: 2012
High School: Roosevelt College Inc. Marikina
PERSONAL INFORMATION:
Name: Maeden A. Concepcion
Date of Birth: January 13, 2000
Place of Birth: Cubao, Quezon City
Address: #9 F. Mendoza St. Malanday,
Marikina City
E-mail Address:
maedenconcepcion@yahoo.com
Contact Number: 09265708072
Citizenship: Filipino
Civil Status: Single
Religion: Catholic
Height: 5'3

FAMILY BACKGROUND :
Name of Father: Dennis C. Concepcion
Occupation: Auto Mechanic
Name of Mother: Ma. May A. Concepcion
Occupation: Nurse
Sibling/s: Denise May A. Concepcion
May A. Concepcion
Maria Cristina A. Concepcion
Dennis A. Concepcion
Mary Mae A. Concepcion

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:
Elementary: Leodegario Victorino Elementary School
Year Graduated: 2012
High School: Roosevelt College Inc. Marikina
PERSONAL INFORMATION:
Name: Jezreel Carla dR. Padilla
Date of Birth: April 24, 2000
Place of Birth: Parang, Marikina City
Address: #54 Sinag St. Doña Petra Tumana, Marikina City
E-mail Address: jezreelcarla24@gmail.com
Contact Number: 09974324445
Citizenship: Filipino
Civil Status: Single
Religion: Born Again, Christian
Height: 5'4

FAMILY BACKGROUND:
Name of Father: Juanito B. Padilla
Occupation: Businessman
Name of Mother: Rose dR. Padilla
Occupation: Housewife
Sibling/s: Jennyrose P. Bulacan
Jeanalyn dR. Padilla
Jade dR. Padilla

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:
Elementary: Hermogenes Bautista Elementary School
Year Graduated: 2012
High School: Roosevelt College Inc. Marikina
PERSONAL INFORMATION:
Name: Earl James C. Vinuya
Date of Birth: January 12, 2000
Place of Birth: Cubao, Quezon City
Address: #34 Mahogany St.
Greenland phase 2 Nangka, Marikina
City
E-mail Address:
ej.vinuya@gmail.com
Contact Number: 09952611201
Citizenship: Filipino
Civil Status: Single
Religion: Catholic
Height: 5'6

FAMILY BACKGROUND :
Name of Father: Bonnie M. Vinuya
Occupation: Driver
Name of Mother: Myrna A. Vinuya (deceased)
Occupation: Book Keeper
Sibling/s: -

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:
Elementary: Gentle Angels School
Year Graduated: 2012
High School: (Junior) Gentle Angels School
Roosevelt College Inc. Marikina
PERSONAL INFORMATION:
Name: Prince Dale C. Manahan
Date of Birth: June 11, 1999
Place of Birth: Marikina City
Address: 129 Gen. Luna St. Ampid 1
San Mateo, Rizal
E-mail Address:
princedalee@gmail.com
Contact Number: 09265646489
Citizenship: Filipino
Civil Status: Single
Religion: Roman Catholic
Height: 5'9

FAMILY BACKGROUND:
Name of Father: Rodel V. Manahan
Occupation: None
Name of Mother: Lizel C. Manahan
Occupation: Medical Secretary
Sibling/s: Fritzie Coleen C. Manahan

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:
Elementary: Ampid 1 Elementary School
Year Graduated: 2012
High School: Roosevelt College Inc. Marikina
PERSONAL INFORMATION:
Name: Jommer Paul Marben L. Hidalgo
Date of Birth: June 02, 1999
Place of Birth: San Juan City
Address: #1 Capricorn St. La
Consolacion Village Parang, Marikina
City
E-mail Address: jomshidalgo@gmail.com
Contact Number: 09274669793
Citizenship: Filipino
Civil Status: Single
Religion: Roman Catholic
Height: 5'6

FAMILY BACKGROUND :
Name of Father: Francis Ariel G. Hidalgo
Occupation: Draftsman
Name of Mother: Loida L. Hidalgo
Occupation: Housewife
Sibling/s: Diane krisha Mae L. Hidalgo
Jonathan Raye Francis L. Hidalgo
Medrick Lloyd Ariel L. Hidalgo

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:
Elementary: Parang Elementary School
Year Graduated: 2011-2012
High School: Roosevelt College Inc. Marikina
PERSONAL INFORMATION:
Name: Ryan Gerard Dela Cruz
Date of Birth: January 31 2000
Place of Birth: Marikina City
Address: #05 E. Santos St. Manotoc
Subdivision, Sto.Niño, Marikina City
E-mail Address:
rhyanxgerard@gmail.com
Contact Number: +6396550928418
Citizenship: Filipino
Civil Status: Single
Religion: Roman Catholic
Height: 5'7

FAMILY BACKGROUND:
Name of Father: Ryan T. Palito
Occupation: OFW
Name of Mother: Geraldine F. Dela Cruz
Occupation: OFW
Sibling/s: -

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:
Elementary: Casanicolasan Elementary School
Year Graduated: 2012
High School: (Junior) Gentle Angels School
Roosevelt College Inc. Marikina
PERSONAL INFORMATION:
Name: Mark John L. Rivera
Date of Birth: May 5, 2000
Place of Birth: Malanday, Marikina
City
Address: #14 Parkland Estates
Malanday Marikina City
E-mail Address:
Markjohn.rivera15@gmail.com
Contact Number: None
Citizenship: Filipino
Civil Status: Single
Religion: Roman Catholic
Height: 5'6

FAMILY BACKGROUND:
Name of Father: Alejandro R. Rivera
Occupation: Driver
Name of Mother: Malou L. Rivera
Occupation: Businesswoman
Sibling/s: Marc Joshua L. Rivera

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:
Elementary: Malanday Elementary School
Year Graduated: 2012
High School: Roosevelt College Inc. Marikina
 INTERVIEW SCHEDULE

FOR MINORS:

 Name (Pangalan): ____________________________________________

 Gender (Kasarian): _______ Age (Edad): _______
 Address(Tirahan): __________________________________________________
 Are you studying? (Nag-aaral ka ba?) ______
 School (Paaralan): ________________________
 What is your class schedule? (Ano ang iskedyul ng iyong klase?) _______
 Are you aware regarding the new curfew ordinance under Pesident Duterte?
(May nalalaman ka ba tungkol sa bagong ordenansa ng kurpyo sa ilalim ng
Pangulong Duterte?) __________
 What did you feel when you heard about the curfew ordinance? (Anong
naramdaman mo noong narinig mo ang tungkol sa ordinansa ng kurpyo?)
_________________________________________
 What are the adjustment you did when it was implemented? (Ano ang mga
pagbabago na iyong ginawa nang ito’y maiplementahan?)
____________________________________________
 What are your feedback and suggestions regarding the ordinance? (Ano ang
iyong mga feedbacks at mungkahi tungkol sa nasabing ordinansa?)
_______________________________________

FOR PARENTS:

 Name (Pangalan): ____________________________________________________

 Are you aware of the new curfew ordinance? (May nalalaman ka ba sa bagong
ordinansa sa kurpyo? _____________
 Are you in favor with the curfew ordinance? (Pabor ka ba sa nasabing
ordinansang pangkurpyo?) __________________
 Do you think this ordinance might reduce the number of crimes and danger in
Marikina? (Sa tingin mo ba’y makakabawas ng krimen at panganib sa Marikina
ang ordinansyang ito?) ____________________