THE REVESIBLE ABIABATIC PROCESS

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P1 V1 = P2 V2
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P1 V1 = P2 V2
One mole of an ideal gas with CP = (7/2)R and CV = (5/2)R expands
from P1 = 8 bar and T1 = 600 K to P2 = 1 bar by each of the following
paths:
(a) Constant volume;
(b) Constant temperature;
(c) Adiabatically.
Assuming mechanical reversibility, calculate W, Q, ∆U, and ∆H for
each process.
One mole of an ideal gas with CP = (5/2)R and CV = (3/2)R expands
from P1 = 6 bar and T1 = 800 K to P2 = 1 bar by each of the following
paths:
(a) Constant volume
(b) Constant temperature
(c) Adiabatically
Assuming mechanical reversibility, calculate W, Q, ∆U, and ∆H for
each process.
One mole of air, initially at 150°C and 8 bar, undergoes the following
mechanically reversible changes. It expands isothermally to a pressure
such that when it is cooled at constant volume to 50°C its final
pressure is 3 bar. Assuming air is an ideal gas for which CP = (7/2)R
and CV = (5/2)R, calculate W, Q, ∆U, and ∆H.
One mole of an ideal gas, initially at 30°C and 1 bar, is changed to
130°C and 10 bar by three different mechanically reversible
processes:

1. The gas is first heated at constant volume until its temperature

is 130°C; then it is compressed isothermally until its pressure is
10 bar.
2. The gas is first heated at constant pressure until its temperature
is 130°C; then it is compressed isothermally to 10 bar.
3. The gas is first compressed isothermally to 10 bar; then it is
heated at constant pressure to 130°C.
Calculate Q, W, ∆U, and ∆H in each case. Take CP = (7/2)R and CV
= (5/2)R. Alternatively, take CP = (5/2)R and CV = (3/2)R.
• One cubic meter of an ideal gas at 600 K and 1000 kPa expands
to five times its initial volume as follows:
(a) By a mechanically reversible, isothermal process.
(b) By a mechanically reversible, adiabatic process.
(c) By an adiabatic, irreversible process in which expansion is
against a restraining pressure of 100 kPa.
For each case calculate the final temperature, pressure, and the
work done by the gas.
Take CP = 21 J・mol−1・K−1.
• The state of an ideal gas with CP = (5/2)R is changed from P = 1 bar
and V1t  = 12 m3 to P2 = 12 bar and V2t  = 1 m3 by the following
mechanically reversible processes:
(a) Isothermal compression.
(b) Adiabatic compression followed by cooling at constant pressure.
(c) Adiabatic compression followed by cooling at constant volume.
(d) Heating at constant volume followed by cooling at constant
pressure.
(e) Cooling at constant pressure followed by heating at constant
volume.
Calculate Q, W, ∆Ut, and ∆Ht for each of these processes, and sketch
the paths of all processes on a single PV diagram.
One mole of air, initially at 30°C and 1 bar, undergoes the
following mechanically reversible changes. It is compressed
isothermally to a point such that when it is heated at constant
volume to 120°C its final pressure is 12 bar., calculate W, Q, ∆U,
and ∆H. Take CP = (7/2)R and CV = (5/2)R