Philippine revolution in 1896.

Earlier in this century, survivors of the katipunan uprising of 1896 generally agreed that
the Philippine Revolution started on the 26th of August 1896, in Balintawak.

First statement:
15 years later:
6 years after:

his 4th statement:

Pio Valenzuela, made inconsistent public statements about the "Cry"

between August 23 and 25 in Balintawak.

at Apolonio Samson's house at Balintawak, August 23

at Melchora Aquino's house, August 23
at Kangkong, August 22 & the cry occurred in the house of Juan Ramos

Issues and Controversies of the "Cry"

2

Historians have different interpretations of the term "Cry"

The real date when the uprising happened is still not clear

1
Some witnesses states that it happened on an earlier date and in different places.

Historians have difficulty pinpointing on when the uprising began. Some said that it is
when the katipuneros have gathered while others said it is the shredding of cebula
personal

In the earlier days, the revolution was named as “Cry of Balintawak” however, due to
Agoncillo’s book The Revolt of the Masses, it has been changed to “Cry of Pugad
Lawin”, even tho, according to many critiques, the source is not reliable due to
Valenzuela’s inconsistent statements.
1. FIRST ENCOUNTER / SKIRMISH
4. Formation of a Revolutionary Government.
It was the traditional and inextricable association of the actual start of the Philippine
Revolution with a borrowed Spanish phrase, el grito, which means the “cry” or unang
sigaw in Filipino, that led to the confusion.
3. TORN CEDULAS - In the book of Agoncillo, his definition of “Unang Sigaw” or “Cry”
is the tearing of cedula personal by the Katipunero (his source is only Valenzuela and
Jose Santos’ published signed statement by Valenzuela, Pantas, and Pacheco about
the supposed “Cry of Pugad Lawin”).
2. LITERAL TRANSLATION of “Unang Sigaw” = not much help. The “Cry” at Pamitinan
Cave, Montalban in April 1895, happened a year prior to the outbreak of hostilities in
1896
2. “Pugad Lawin” was never officially recognized as a place name on any Philippine
map before Second World War.
Trivias
1. Dr. Pio Valenzuela stated that Andres Bonifacio wanted Rizal to join the ‘ himagsikan’
but He denied and wanted a bloodless war. But few years later Valenzuela account
saying Rizal wanted changes against spaniards that He lead the revolution himself.
3. “Pugad Lawin “ appeared in historiography only from 1928, or some 32 years after
the events took place.
4. The revolution was always traditionally held to have occurred in the area of
Balintawak, which was distinct from Kalookan and Diliman.
CRY OF BALINTAWAK or PUGAD LAWIN
Ame, Gianna
Artillaga, Kyla
Diaz, Claire
Fernandez, Yara
Pastrana, Patrisha
Rejano, Hazel
BCH 1-1

 The El comercio (evening newspaper on business matters) is the source of the

spanish side of the event.

 Masangkay papers, statements of Valenzuela, Vicente Samson, Francisco

Carreon, Isaac Del Carmen, Briccio Pantas, Tomas Remigio, Cipriano Pacheco
and Eusebio Kasapio.

Supposed evidence and documents such as publications and news about the event
have disappeared.

 The foreman, a british journalist was an indirect eyewitness of the events.

 Another source is the telegram of Col. Pintos de Ledesma on August 27, 1896.
Pintos reported to Governor Blanco.

In order the understand the event of the revolution, the only source of information from
within the rebel camp is mainly the Masangkay papers, the published statements of
Valenzuela, Vicente Samson, Francisco Carreon, Isaac Del Carmen, Briccio Pantas,
Tomas Remigio, Cipriano Pacheco and Eusebio Kasapio

 The narrative of Sastron provides the detailed description of the first encounter in
Balintawak or the “disturbance” as the referred to it.

Importance/ Significance/ Insights of the Balintawak History:

History of the Katipunan (1939), Zaide records Valenzuela’s mention of the site in a
footnote and not in the body of text, suggesting that the Historian regarded the matter
as unresolved.
The cry of balintawak is important in the history and most especially for the Filipinos
because it represents the bravery and resilience of every filipino.

SIGAW NG BALINTAWAK O PUGAD LAWIN I.

HISTORY The Cry of Pugad Lawin (Filipino: Sigaw ng Pugad Lawin), alternately and originally
referred to as the Cry of Balintawak (Filipino: Sigaw ng Balíntawak, Spanish: Grito de
Balíntawak), was the beginning of the Philippine Revolution against the Spanish Empire. At the
close of August 1896, members of the Katipunan secret society (Katipuneros) led by Andrés
Bonifacio rose up in revolt somewhere in an area referred to as Caloocan, wider than the
jurisdiction of present-day Caloocan City which may have overlapped into present-day Quezon
City. Originally the term "cry" referred to the first clash between the Katipuneros and the Civil
Guards (Guardia Civil). The cry could also refer to the tearing up of community tax certificates
(cédulas personales) in defiance of their allegiance to Spain. This was literally accompanied by
patriotic shouts. Because of competing accounts and ambiguity of the place where this event
took place, the exact date and place of the Cry is in contention. From 1908 until 1963, the
official stance was that the cry occurred on August 26 in Balintawak. In 1963 the Philippine
government declared a shift to August 23 in Pugad Lawin, Quezon City.

II.

CONTROVERSIAL ISSUES

The National History Institute of the Philippines It has placed a commemorative plaque marking
the location of the "Cry" in Pugad Lawin, Quezon City. Dr. Pio Valenzuela At September 1896,
stated that Katipunan meetings took place from Sunday to Tuesday or August 23 to 25 at
Balintawak

At 1911, states that Katipunan began meeting on August 22 while the "Cry" took place on
August 23 at Apolonio Samson's house in Balintawak Stated that "hindi sa Balintawak nangyari
ang unang sigaw ng paghihimagsik na kinalalagian ngayon ng bantayog, kung di sa pook na
kilala sa tawag na Pugadlawin." Valenzuela memoirs (1964, 1978) states that the Cry took place
on 23 August at the house of Juan Ramos at Pugad Lawin. The NHI influenced by Valenzuela’s
memoirs, in 1963, upon the NHI endorsement, President Diosdado Macapagal ordered that the
Cry be celebrated on 23 August and that Pugad Lawin be recognized as its site. John N.
Schumacher, S.J, of the Ateneo de Manila University He says that, “I would certainly give much
less credence to all accounts coming from Pio Valezuela, and to the interpretations Agoncillo
got from him verbally, since Valenzuela gave so many versions from the time he surrendered to
the Spanish authorities and made various statements not always compatible with one another
up to the time when as an old man he was interviewed by Agoncillo.” Story: In Pugad Lawin, at
the back yard of house of Juan Ramos (son of Melchora Aquino aka “Tandang Sora”), at 1896,
August 23, Katipunans listened to the speech of Bonifacio and tore their cedula and vowed to
fight. III.

OPINIONS OF AUTHORS

BALINTAW AK

PUGAD LAWIN

Lt. Olegario Diaz Teodoro Kalaw Gregorio Zaide

Pio Valenzuela Teodoro Agoncillo

Santiago Alvarez (August 24, 1896 in Bahay Toro, now in Quezon City) Milagros Guerrero,
Emmanuel Encarnacion and Ramon Villegas (Tandang Sora's barn in Gulod, Barangay Banlat,
Quezon City)

1. LT. Olegario Diaz - Officer of the Spanish Guardia Civil, took place in Balintawak on August
25, 1896 2. Teodoro Kalaw -

In his 1925 book The Filipino Revolution, took place during the last week of August 1896 at
Kangkong, Balintawak

3. Santiago Alvarez -

Son of Mariano Alvarez, the leader of the Magdiwang in Cavite stated in 1927 that it took place
in Bahay Toro now in Quezon City on August 24, 1896

4. Teodoro Agoncillo -

Historian, took place in Pugad Lawin on August 23, 1896, echoing Pio Valenzuela’s Statement

5. Milagros Guerrero, Emmanuel Encarnacion, and Ramon Villegas -

Taken place in Tandang Sora’s barn in Gulod, Barangay Banlat, Quezon City

6. Gregorio Zaide -

in his books in 1954 that the "Cry" happened in Balintawak on August 26, 1896

7. Pio Valenzuela -

a close associate of Andrés Bonifacio, declared in 1948 that it happened in Pugad Lawin on
August 23, 1896

Group 4 – BSA – 2A Asuncion, Anna Marie G. Dancel, Lea Joy G. Blas, Mark Darrell A. Delos
Santos, Mary Grace L. Carabbacan, Lhoren M, Calucag, Jonalyn L. Corpuz, Lou Eron P.