Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Confined Spaces - 2021
Confined Spaces - 2021
Confined Spaces - 2021
of Energy
MacPhail School of
Energy
Confined Spaces
MacPhail School of
Confined Space Examples
Energy
• Bins • Sewers
• Tanks • Vaults
• Trenches • Pipelines
• Tunnels • Pits
• Silos • Vessels
MacPhail School of
Lesson Outline
Energy
• Main hazards:
– Do others know you’re in there?
– Hard to extract people if injured
– May BECOME a confined space, if
conditions change
MacPhail School of
Restricted vs Confined
Energy
• Main hazards:
– Fumes and gases can’t easily escape
– Potential for hazardous atmosphere
– Difficult to escape
MacPhail School of
Energy
MacPhail School of
Permit-Required Confined Spaces
Energy
MacPhail School of
Lesson Outline
Energy
• Escape is difficult
• Improper lighting = hard to see
• Environment or work performed may create
hazards
• Other workers may not be aware of your
presence (especially if the space is not usually
occupied)
MacPhail School of
Confined Space Hazards
Energy
• Lack of ventilation
• Low oxygen levels (<19.5%)
• Toxic, explosive, or flammable gas
• Harmful substances or organisms
• Other risks from mechanical or electrical
equipment
Dangers of Confined Spaces
MacPhail School of
Energy Fire in a Tunnel at Hydroelectric Power Plant
Dangers of Confined Spaces
MacPhail School of
Energy Low Oxygen in a Small Shed
MacPhail School of
Energy
Risk of Submersion
Dangers of Confined Spaces
MacPhail School of
Energy Worker Pulled into the Ground by Quicksand Condition
MacPhail School of
Lesson Outline
Energy
MacPhail School of
Atmospheric Testing
Energy
MacPhail School of
Managing Hazardous Atmosphere
Energy
• Ventilation
– Positive airflow controls concentration
• Purging
– Use another agent (e.g. steam + heat) to forcefully
remove hazardous gases
• Inerting
– Inert gas (e.g. nitrogen) floods confined space to
prevent ignition
MacPhail School of
Lesson Outline
Energy
MacPhail School of
Confined Space Considerations
Energy
MacPhail School of
Confined Space Considerations
Energy
MacPhail School of
Confined Space Considerations
Energy
MacPhail School of
Confined Space Considerations
Energy
MacPhail School of
Confined Space Considerations
Energy
MacPhail School of
Confined Space Considerations
Energy
MacPhail School of
Confined Space Considerations
Energy
MacPhail School of
Confined Space Considerations
Energy
MacPhail School of
Lesson Outline
Energy
End