Navodaya Vidyalaya Samiti

Regional Office Jaipur

Class XII
Physics (042)
Question Bank
(Term-1)
Session 2021-22

As per latest CBSE Exam Pattern

 CHIEF PATRON

 Sh. N.K Patel, Deputy Commissioner, NVS RO Jaipur

PATRON

 Sh. S. K. Maheshwari, Assistant Commissioner, NVS RO

Jaipur
 Sh. V. K. Tyagi, Assistant Commissioner, NVS RO Jaipur
 Smt. Sunita Sharma, Assistant Commissioner, NVS RO Jaipur

COORDINATOR

 Sh. D. K. Singh, Principal, JNV Faridabad

CONTENT TEAM

Name of Teacher School Name Allotted Topic

Ms. Sonia Shray JNV Rohtak Electrostatics
PGT (Phy.)

Mr. Hitender Jodha, PGT JNV Pali Current Electricity

Physics

Mr. Hansraj Gurjar, PGT JNV Nagaur Magnetic Effects of Current

Physics and Magnetism

Mr. S. K. Mishra, PGT JNV Barmer Electromagnetic Induction and

Physics Alternating Currents

2
 TABLE OF CONTENT

S.N Topic Page No.

1 Scheme of Assessment for the session 2021-22 4

2 Syllabus (Term-1) 8

3 UNIT-1 (Electrostatics) 10

4 UNIT-2 ( Current Electricity) 54

5 UNIT-3 (Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism) 64

6 UNIT-4 (Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents) 74

7 Sample Question Papers 91

3
 SCHEME OF ASSESSMENT FOR THE SESSION 2021-22

CBSE/DIR (ACAD)/2021 Date: July 05, 2021

Circular No: Acad-51/2021

All the Heads of Schools affiliated to CBSE

Subject: Special Scheme of Assessment for Board Examination Classes Xand XII for the
Session 2021-22

COVID 19 pandemic caused almost all CBSE schools to function in a virtual mode for most part of
the academic session of 2020-21. Due to the extreme risk associated with the conduct of Board
examinations during the second wave in April 2021, CBSE had to cancel both its class X and XII
Board examinations of the year 2021 and results are to be declared on the basis of a credible,
reliable, flexible and valid alternative assessment policy. This, in turn, also necessitated
deliberations over alternative ways to look at the learning objectives as well as the conduct of the
Board Examinations for the academic session 2021-22 in case the situation remainsunfeasible.

CBSE has also held stake holder consultations with Government schools as well as private
independent schools from across the country especially schools from the remote rural areas and a
majority of them have requested for the rationalization of the syllabus, similar to last year in view
of reduced time permitted for organizing online classes. The Board has also considered the
concerns regarding differential availability of electronic gadgets, connectivity and effectiveness of
online teaching and other socio-economic issues specially with respect to students from
economically weaker section and those residing in far flung areas of the country. In a survey
conducted by CBSE, it was revealed that the rationalized syllabus notified for the session 2020-21
was effective for schools in covering the syllabus and helped learners in achieving learning
objectives in a less stressful manner.

In the above backdrop and in line with the Board’s continued focus on assessing stipulated learning
outcomes by making the examinations competencies and core concepts based, student-centric,
transparent, technology-driven, and having advance provision of alternatives for different future
scenarios, the following schemes are introduced for the Academic Session for Class X and Class
XII 2021- 22.

2. Special Scheme for 2021-22

A. Academic session to be divided into 2 Terms with approximately 50% syllabus in
each term:
The syllabus for the Academic session 2021-22 will be divided into 2 terms by
following a systematic approach by looking into the interconnectivity of concepts and
topics by the Subject Experts and the Board will conduct examinations at the end of each
term on the basis of the bifurcated syllabus. This is done to increase the probability of
having a Board conducted classes X and XII examinations at the end of the academic
session.
B. The syllabus for the Board examination 2021-22 will be rationalized similar to that of
the last academic session to be notified in July 2021. For academic transactions, however,

4
 schools will follow the curriculum and syllabus released by the Board vide Circular no.
F.1001/CBSE- Acad/Curriculum/2021 dated 31 March 2021. Schools will also use
alternativeacademic calendar and inputs from the NCERT on transacting thecurriculum.
C. Efforts will be made to make Internal Assessment/ Practical/ Project work more
credible and valid as per the guidelines and Moderation Policy to be announced by the
Board to ensure fair distribution of marks.
3. Details of Curriculum Transaction
 Schools will continue teaching in distance mode till the authorities permit in- person mode
of teaching in schools.
 Classes IX-X: Internal Assessment (throughout the year-irrespective of Term I and II)
would include the 3 periodic tests, student enrichment, portfolio and practical work/
speaking listening activities/ project.
 Classes XI-XII: Internal Assessment (throughout the year-irrespective of Term I and II)
would include end of topic or unit tests/ exploratory activities/ practicals/ projects.
 Schools would create a student profile for all assessment undertaken over the year and
retain the evidences in digital format.
 CBSE will facilitate schools to upload marks of Internal Assessment on the CBSE IT
platform.
 Guidelines for Internal Assessment for all subjects will also be released along with the
rationalized term wise divided syllabus for the session 2021-22.The Board would also
provide additional resources like sample assessments, question banks, teacher training etc.
for more reliable and valid internalassessments.

4. Term I Examinations:
 At the end of the first term, the Board will organize Term I Examination in a flexible
schedule to be conducted between November-December 2021 with a window period of 4-8
weeks for schools situated in different parts of country and abroad. Dates for conduct of
examinations will be notified subsequently.
 The Question Paper will have Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ) including case-based
MCQs and MCQs on assertion-reasoning type. Duration of test will be 90 minutes and it
will cover only the rationalized syllabus of Term I only (i.e. approx. 50% of the entire
syllabus).
 Question Papers will be sent by the CBSE to schools along with marking scheme.
 The exams will be conducted under the supervision of the External Center Superintendents
and Observers appointed by CBSE.
 The responses of students will be captured on OMR sheets which, after scanning may be
directly uploaded at CBSE portal or alternatively may be evaluated and marks obtained
will be uploaded by the school on the very same day. The final direction in this regard will
be conveyed to schools by theExamination Unit of the Board.
 Marks of the Term I Examination will contribute to the final overall score of students.

5. Term II Examination/ Year-end Examination:

At the end of the second term, the Board would organize Term II or Year- end
Examination based on the rationalized syllabus of Term II only (i.e. approximately 50%

5
 of the entire syllabus).
This examination would be held around March-April 2022 at the examination centres
fixed by the Board.
The paper will be of 2 hours duration and have questions of different formats (case-
based/ situation based, open ended- short answer/ long answer type).
In case the situation is not conducive for normal descriptive examination a 90 minute
MCQ based exam will be conducted at the end of the Term II also.
Marks of the Term II Examination would contribute to the final overall score.

6. Assessment / Examination as per different situations

A. In case the situation of the pandemic improves and students are able to come to
schools or centres for taking the exams.
Board would conduct Term I and Term II examinations at schools/centres and the theory
marks will be distributed equally between the two exams.
B. In case the situation of the pandemic forces complete closure of schools during
November-December 2021, but Term II exams are held at schools or centres.
Term I MCQ based examination would be done by students online/offline from home - in
this case, the weightage of this exam for the final score wouldbe reduced, and weightage of
Term II exams will be increased for declarationof final result.

C. In case the situation of the pandemic forces complete closure of schools during
March-April 2022, but Term I exams are held at schools or centres.
Results would be based on the performance of students on Term I MCQ based examination
and internal assessments. The weightage of marks of Term I examination conducted by the
Board will be increased to provide year end results of candidates.

D. In case the situation of the pandemic forces complete closure of schools and Board
conducted Term I and II exams are taken by the candidates from home in the session
2021-22.
Results would be computed on the basis of the Internal Assessment/Practical/Project Work
and Theory marks of Term-I and II exams taken by the candidate from home in Class X /
XII subject to the moderation or other measures to ensure validity and reliability of the
assessment.

In all the above cases, data analysis of marks of students will be undertaken to ensure the
integrity of internal assessments and home based exams.

Dr. Joseph Emmanuel

Director (Academics)

6
Copy to the respective Heads of Directorates, Organizations and Institutions as indicated below
with a request to disseminate the information to all the schools under their jurisdiction:

1. The Commissioner, Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan, 18 Institutional Area,Shaheed Jeet

Singh Marg, New Delhi-110016
2. The Commissioner, Navodaya Vidyalaya Samiti, B-15, Sector-62, InstitutionalArea, Noida-
201309
3. The Director of Education, Directorate of Education, Govt. of NCT of Delhi,Old
Secretariat, Delhi-110054
4. The Director of Public Instructions (Schools), Union Territory Secretariat,Sector 9,
Chandigarh-160017
5. The Director of Education, Govt. of Sikkim, Gangtok, Sikkim-737101
6. The Director of School Education, Govt.of Arunachal Pradesh, Itanagar-791 111
7. The Director of Education, Govt. of A&N Islands, Port Blair-744101
8. The Director of Education, S.I.E., CBSE Cell, VIP Road, Junglee Ghat, P.O.744103, A&N
Island
9. The Director, Central Tibetan School Administration, ESSESS Plaza, CommunityCentre,
Sector -3, Rohini, Delhi
10. The Additional Director General of Army Education, A-Wing, Sena Bhawan,DHQ, PO, New
Delhi-110001
11. The Secretary AWES, Integrated Headquarters of MoD (Army), FDRC Building
No.202,Shankar Vihar (Near APS), Delhi Cantt-110010
12. All Regional Directors/Regional Officers of CBSE with the request to send this circular to all
the Heads of the affiliated schools of the Board in their respective Regions
13. All Joint Secretary/ Deputy Secretary/ Assistant Secretary/SPS / Analyst, CBSE
14. All Head(s)/ In-Charge(s), Centre of Excellence, CBSE
15. In charge IT Unit with the request to put this Circular on the CBSE AcademicWebsite
16. In-Charge, Library
17. The Head (Media & Public Relations), CBSE
18. DS to Chairman, CBSE
19. SPS to Secretary, CBSE
20. SPS to Director (Academics), CBSE
21. SPS to Director (Information Technology), CBSE
22. SPS to Controller of Examinations, CBSE
23. SPS to Director (Training and Skill Education), CBSE
24. SPS to Director (Professional Examinations), CBSE
25. SPS to Director (CTET), CBSE
26. SPS to Director (EDUSAT), CBSE
27. Record File

Director (Academics)

7
 Physics Class XII (Code N. 042)
(2020-21)
Syllabus assigned for Term I (Theory)

Time: 90 Minutes Max Marks: 35

No. of Periods Marks

Unit–I Electrostatics
Chapter–1: Electric Charges and Fields 23
17
Chapter–2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

Unit-II Current Electricity

15
Chapter–3: Current Electricity
Unit-III Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism
16
Chapter–4: Moving Charges and Magnetism
Chapter–5: Magnetism and Matter 18

Unit-IV Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents

19
Chapter–6: Electromagnetic Induction
Chapter 7: Alternating currents
Total 73 35

Unit I: Electrostatics 23 Periods

Chapter–1: Electric Charges and Fields
Electric Charges; Conservation of charge, Coulomb's law-force between two-point charges, forces
between multiple charges; superposition principle and continuous charge distribution. Electric field,
electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines, electric dipole, electric field due to a dipole,
torque on a dipole in uniform electric field. Electric flux, statement of Gauss's theorem and its
applications to find field due to infinitely long straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet

Chapter–2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

Electric potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole and system of
charges; equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy of a system of two-point charges and of
electric dipole in an electrostatic field. Conductors and insulators, free charges and bound charges
inside a conductor. Dielectrics and electric polarisation, capacitors and capacitance, combination of
capacitors in series and in parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric
medium between the plates, energy stored in a capacitor.

8
Unit II: Current Electricity 15 Periods
Chapter–3: Current Electricity

Electric current, flow of electric charges in a metallic conductor, drift velocity, mobility and their
relation with electric current; Ohm's law, electrical resistance, V-I characteristics (linear and non-
linear), electrical energy and power, electrical resistivity and conductivity; temperature dependence of
resistance. Internal resistance of a cell, potential difference and emf of a cell, combination of cells in
series and in parallel, Kirchhoff's laws and simple applications, Wheatstone bridge, metre
bridge(qualitative ideas only). Potentiometer - principle and its applications to measure potential
difference and for comparing EMF of two cells; measurement of internal resistance of a cell
(qualitative ideas only)

Unit III: Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism 16 Periods

Chapter–4: Moving Charges and Magnetism
Concept of magnetic field, Oersted's experiment. Biot - Savart law and its application to current
carrying circular loop. Ampere's law and its applications to infinitely long straight wire. Straight and
toroidal solenoids (only qualitative treatment), force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and
electric fields. Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field, force between two
parallel current-carrying conductors-definition of ampere, torque experienced by a current loop in
uniform magnetic field; moving coil galvanometer-its current sensitivity and conversion to ammeter
and voltmeter.
Chapter–5: Magnetism and Matter
Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment, magnetic dipole moment of a
revolving electron, bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid, magnetic field lines; earth's magnetic field
and magnetic elements.

Unit IV: Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents 19 Periods

Chapter–6: Electromagnetic Induction
Electromagnetic induction; Faraday's laws, induced EMF and current; Lenz's Law, Eddy currents. Self
and mutual induction.

Chapter–7: Alternating Current

Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/voltage; reactance and impedance;
LC oscillations (qualitative treatment only), LCR series circuit, resonance; power in AC circuits. AC
generator and transformer.

9
 UNIT-1

TYPE -A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

TOPIC :- ELECTRIC CHARGES

1. There are two types of electric charges positive charges and negative charges. The property which
differentiates the two types of charges is:-
(a) Field of charge.
(b) Amount of charge
(c) Strength of charge
(d) Polarity of charge

2. What will happen when we rub a glass rod with silk cloth?

(a) Some of the electrons from the glass rod are transferred to the silk cloth.
(b) The glass rod gets positive charge and silk cloth gets negative charge.
(c) New charge is created in the process of rubbing.
(d) Both (a) and (b) are correct.

3. When a person combs his hair, static electricity is sometimes generated by what process?

(a) Contact between the comb and hair results in a charge.

(b) Friction between the comb and hair results in the transfer of electrons.
(c) Deduction between the comb and hair.
(d) Induction between the comb and hair,

4. An object is charged when it has a charge imbalance, which means the

(a) Object contains no protons
(b) Object contains no electrons
(c) Object contains equal number of electrons and protons
(d) Object contains unequal number of electrons and protons

5. A conducting sphere is negatively charged. Which of the following statements is true?

(a) The charge is uniformly distributed throughout the entire volume.
(b) The charge is located at the centre of the sphere.
(c) The charge is located at the bottom of the sphere because of gravity.
(d) The charge is uniformly distributed on the surface of the sphere

6. A polythene piece rubbed with wool is found to have a negative charge of 6 x 107 C. The number of
electrons transferred to polythene from wool is
(a) 3.75 x 1016
(b) 9.6 x 1010
(c) 9.6 x 1012

10
(d) 3.75 x 1012

7. The number of electrons that must be removed from an electrically neutral silver dollar to give it a
charge
of +2.4 C is:-

(a) 2.5 × 1019 (b) 1.5 × 1019

(c) 1.5 × 10-19 (d) 2.5 × 10-19

8. A coin is made up of Al and weighs 0.75 g. It has a square shape and its diagonal measures 17 mm.
It is electrically neutral and contains equal amounts of positive and negative charges. The magnitude
of these charges is (Atomic mass of Al = 26.98 g)
(a) 3.47 x 104 C (b) 3.47 x 10² C
(c) 1.67 x 1020 C (d) 1.67 x 1022 C

9. If 109electrons move out of a body to another body every second, then the time required to get a
total charge of 1 C on the other body is-
(a) 250 years (b) 100 years
(c) 198 years (d) 150 years

10. When two charged spheres are connected with a wire, the electric charge on them is shared:
(a) inversely as their capacity (b) equally
(c) in proportional to their capacity (d) None of these.

TOPIC :- COULOMB'S
LAW

11. Coulomb's law relates two charges and distance between them describing the electric force as
being
(a) Proportional to the sum of the charges
(b) Inversely proportional to the distance between charges
(c) Proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the distance
(d) Proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of distance.

12. The nucleus of helium atom contains two protons that are separated by distance 3.0 x 10 -15 m. The
magnitude of the electrostatic force that each proton exerts on the other is:-

(a) 20.6 N (b) 25.6 N (c) 15.6 N (d) 12.6 N

13. Two insulated charged metallic spheres P and Q have their centres separated by a distance of 60
cm. The radii of P and Q are negligible compared to the distance of separation. The mutual force of
electrostatic repulsion if the charge on each is 3.2 x 10-7 C is:-
(a) 5.2 x 10-4 N (b) 2.5 × 10-3 N (c) 1.5 × 10-3 N (d) 3.5 × 10-4 N

11
14. Two point charges of + 3 μ C and + 4 μ C repel each other with a force of 10 N. If each is given
an additional charge of -6 µC, the new force is:-
(a) 2 N (b) 4 N (c) 5 N (d) 7.5 N

15. Which of the following statements is true about electrical forces?

(a) Electrical forces are produced by electrical charges.
(b) Like charges attract, unlike charges repel.
(c) Electric forces are weaker than gravitational forces.
(d) Positive and negative charges can combine to produce a third type of charge.

16. The constant k in Coulomb's law depends on:-

(a) Nature of medium (b) system of units (c) intensity of charge (d) both (a)
and (b)

17. Under the action of a given coulomb force the acceleration of an electron is 2.5 x 1022 m /s2. Then
the magnitude of the acceleration of a proton under the action of same force is nearly
(a) 1.6 x 10-19 m s-2 (b) 9.1 x 1031 ms-²
19
(c) 1.5 x 10 ms-² (d) 1.6 x 1027 ms-2

18. The acceleration for electron and proton due to electrical force of their mutual attraction when
they are 1 Å apart is:-

(a) 3.1 x 1022 ms-2 , 1.3 x 1019 ms-2 (b) 3.3 x 1018 ms-2 , 3.2 x 1016 ms-2
(c) 2.5 x 1022 ms-2 , 1.4 x 1019 ms-2 (d) 2.5 x 1018 ms-2 , 1.3 x 1016 ms-2

TOPIC :- FORCES BETWEEN MULTIPLE

CHARGES

19. Two charges q and -3q are fixed on x-axis separated by distance d. Where a third charge 2q should
be placed from A such that it will not experience any force?

(a) (d-√3d)/2 (b) (d+√3d)/2

(c) (d+3d)/2 (d) (d-3d) /2

20. Consider the charges q, q and -q placed at the vertices of an equilateral triangle of each side 1. The
sum of forces acting on each charge is:-
(a) q2/4√2 π ε0 l2 (b) - q2/4 π ε0 l2
(c) q /4 π ε0 l
2 2
(d) zero

21. Four charged particles are placed at the vertices of square as shown in the figure. An electron that
is free to move is placed at the exact centre of the square. In which direction will the electron move?

12
(a) It will move toward A
(b) It will move toward B
(c) It will move toward C
(d) It will move toward D

22. Three charges of equal magnitude q is placed at the vertices of an equilateral triangle of side l .
The force on a charge Q placed at the centroid of the triangle is:-
(a) 3Qq /4 π ε0 l2 (b) 3Qq/4 π ε0 l2
(c) Qq/4 π ε0 l 2
(d) Zero

23. A charge Q is placed at the centre of the line joining two point charges +q and +q as shown in
figure. The ratio of charges Q and q is:-

(a) 4 (b) ¼ (c) -4 (d) -1/4

24. Four point charges are placed at the corners of a square ABCD of side 10 cm, as shown in below
figure. The force on a charge of 1 μ C placed at the centre of square is:-

(a) 7 N (b) 8 N (c) 2 N (d) Zero

TOPIC: - CONTINUOUS CHARGE DISTRIBUTIONS

25. If σ = surface charge density , ε = permittivity, the dimensions of σ/ε are same as electric
(a) electric force (b) electric field intensity (c) pressure (d) electric charge

26. Four metal conductors having different shapes:-

1. A sphere
2. Cylinder
3. Pear
4. Lightning conductor
are mounted on insulating stands and charged. The one which is best suited to retain the charges for a
longer time is
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

27. A metallic spherical shell has an inner radius R₁ and outer radius R₂. A charge is placed at the
centre of the spherical cavity. The surface charge density on the inner surface is:-

13
(a) q/(4π R1²) (b) - q/(4π R1²)
(c) q2 /(4π R2²) (d) q /(4π R2²)

28. A positive charge Q is uniformly distributed along a circular ring of radius R. A small test charge
q is placed at the centre of the ring as shown in figure. Then:-

(a) if q > 0 and is displaced away from the centre in the plane of the ring, it will be pushed back
towards
the centre.
(b) if q < 0 and is displaced away from the centre in the plane of the ring, it will never return to the
centre
and will continue moving till it hits the ring.
(c) if q < 0 it will perform SHM for small displacement along the axis.
(d) all of the above

TOPIC :- ELECTRICAL
FIELD

29. The tracks of three charged particles in a uniform electrostatic field as shown in the figure. Which
particle has the highest charge to mass ratio?

(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) A & B

30. A particle of mass m and charge -q enters the region between the two charged plates initially
moving along x-axis with speed v, as shown in figure. The length of plate is L and a uniform electric
field E is maintained between the plates. The vertical deflection of the particle at the far edge of the
plate is:-

14
(a) qEL2 / ( 2mvx2) (b) qEL2 / (2m vx)
(c) 2mvx2 / ( qEL2) (d) 2mvx / ( qE2L)

31. A proton moving at constant velocity enters the region between two charged plates, as shown
below. Which of the paths shown correctly indicates the proton's trajectory after leaving the region
between the charged plates?

(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D

32. A charged cloud system produces an electric field in the air near the earth's surface. A particle of
charge -2×10-9 C is acted on by a downward electro on the static force of 3x 10-6 N when placed in
this field. The gravitational and electrostatic force, respectively, exerted on a proton placed in this
field are:-
(a) 1.64 x 10-26 N, 2.4 × 10-16 N (b) 1.64 x 10-26 N, 1.5 × 10³ N
-18 -16
(c) 1.56 x 10 N, 2.4 × 10 N (d) 1.50 x 103 N, 24×10-16 N

33. If 0 over a surface, then

(a) the electric field inside the surface and on it is zero
(b) the electric field inside the surface is necessarily uniform
(c) all charges must necessarily be outside the surface
(d) all of these.

34. The electric field in a region is given by E= A/x3 i + By j + Cz²k. The SI units of A, B and C are,
respectively
(a) Nm³/C , V/m2 , N/m2C (b) V/m², V/m, NC/ m²
(c) V/m², V/m, NC m² (d) V/m , Nm³/C , NC /m

TOPIC :- ELECTRICAL FIELD

LINES

35. Three positive charges of equal value are placed at the vertices of an equilateral triangle. The
resulting lines of force should be sketched as in-

(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D

15
36. Which of the following figure represents the electric field lines due to a combination of one
positive and one negative charge?

(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D

37. A point positive charge is brought near an isolated conducting sphere in Figure. The electric field
is best Given:-

A) Fig (i) (B) Fig (ii) (C) Fig (iii) (D) Fig (iv)

38. A non-uniform electric field is represented by the diagram. At which of the following points the
electric field is greatest in magnitude?

(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D

16
39. Which of the following curves shown below cannot possibly represent electrostatic field lines?

(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D

40. Which of the following statements is not true about electric field lines?
(a) Electric field lines start from positive charge and end at negative charge.
(b) Two electric lines can never cross each other.
(c) Electrostatic field lines do not form any closed loops.
(d) Electric field lines cannot be taken as continuous curve

TOPIC: - ELECTRICAL DIPOLE

41. What will be the value of electric field at the centre of the electric dipole ?
(a) Zero
(b) Equal to the electric field due to one charge at centre
(c) Twice the electric field due to one charge at centre
(d) Half the value of electric field due to one charge at centre

42. An electric dipole coincides on Z-axis and its midpoint is on origin of the coordinate system. The
electric field at an axial point at a distance z from origin is EZ, and electric field at an equatorial point
at a distance y from origin is EY. Here z = y >> a, so |EZ | / |EY| is equal to:-
(a) 1 (b) 4 (c) 3 (d) 2

43. The frequency of oscillation of an electric dipole having dipole moment p and rotational inertia I ,
oscillating in a uniform electric field E, is given by:-
(a) (1/2π) √(I/ PE) (b) (2π) √(PE/I) (c) (1/2π) √(PE/I) (d) (2π) √(I/ PE)

44. Which of the following statements about dipole moment is not true?
(a) The dimensions of dipole moment is [L TA].
(b) The unit of dipole moment is C m.
(c) Dipole moment is vector quantity and directed from negative to positive charge.
(d) Dipole moment is a scalar quantity and has magnitude charge equal to the potential of separation
between charges.

45. Two charges + 20 µC and -20 µC are placed 10 mm apart. The electric field at point P, on the axis
of the dipole 10 cm away from its centre O on the side of the positive charge is:-

17
(a) 8.6 x 109 NC-1 (b) 4.1 x 106 NC-1 (c) 3.6 x 106 NC-1 (d) 4.6 x 105 NC-1

TOPIC:- TORQUE ON A DIPOLE IN UNIFORM ELECTRIC FIELD

46. An electric dipole is placed at an angle of 30° with an electric field of intensity 2 x 105 NC-1. It
experiences a torque equal to 4 N m. The charge on the dipole if the dipole length is 2 cm is:-
(a) 8 m C (b) 4 m C (c) 6 m C (d) 2 m C

47. In a certain region of space, electric field is along the z-direction throughout. The magnitude of
electric field is however not constant, but increases uniformly along the positive z-direction at the rate
of 105 N C-1 m-1. The Torque experienced by the system having a total dipole moment equal to 10-7 C
m in the negative z- direction is:-
(a) 102 N (b) 10-2 N (c) zero (d) 10³ N

48. An electric dipole with dipole moment 1x 10-19 cm is aligned at 30° with the direction of a
uniform electric field of magnitude 3 x 104 N C-1. The magnitude of the torque and acting on the
dipole is are
(a) 7 × 10-5 N m (b) 2 x 10-5 N m (c) 6 x 10-5 N m (d) 3 x 10-5 N m

49. Figure shows electric field lines in which an electric dipole P is placed as shown. Which of the +q
following statements is correct?

(a) The dipole will not experience any force.

(b) The dipole will experience a force towards right.
(c) The dipole will experience a force towards left.
(d) The dipole will experience a force upwards.

TOPIC:- ELECTRIX FLUX

50.The electric flux through the surface

(a) In figure (iv) is the largest

(b) In figure (iii) is the least
(c) In figure (ii) is same as in figure (iii) but is smaller than figure (iv)
(d) Is the same for all the figures?

51. The electric field components in the given figure are EX = ᾳ x 1/2 , EY = EZ = 0 in which ᾳ = 800 N
C-1m-1/2 . The charge within the cube is if net flux through the cube is 1.05 N m² C -1 (assume a = 0.1
m)

18
(a) 9.30 × 10-12 C (b) 9.27 × 1012 C
(c) 6.97 x 10-12 C (d) 6.97 x 1012 C

52. The total flux through the faces of the cube with side of length a if a charge q is placed at corner A
of the cube is

(a) q/8o (b) q/4o (c) q/2o (d) ) q/o

53. A point charge +20 µC is at a distance 6 cm directly above the centre of a square of side 12 cm as
shown is figure. The magnitude of electric flux through the square is:-

(a) 2.5 x 106 N m² C-1 (b) 3.8 x 105 N m² C-1

(c) 4.2 x 105 N m² C-1 (d) 2.9 x 106 N m² C-1

54. The electric flux for Gaussian surface A that encloses the charged particles in free space is:-
( Given q1 = -14 n C , q2 = 78.85 n C , q3 = -56 n C )

(a) 10³ Nm²C-1 (b) 10³ CN-1 m ² (c) 6.32 × 10³ Nm² C-1 (d) 6.32× 10³ CN-1m²

TOPIC:- APPLICATIONS OF GAUSS'S THEOREM

55. Two infinite plane parallel sheets, separated by a distance d have equal and opposite uniform
charge densities a. Electric field at a point between the sheets is:-
(a) σ/2o (b) σ/o
(c) zero (d) depends on the location of the point

19
56. Two large, thin metal plates are parallel and close to each other. On their inner faces, the plates
have surface charge densities of opposite signs and of magnitude 16 x 10-22 C m-2. The electric field
between the plates is:-
(a) 1.8 x 10-10 NC-1 (b) 1.9 x 10-10 NC-1
-10 -1
(c) 1.6 x 10 NC (d) 1.5 x 10-10 NC-1

57. Two large thin metal plates are parallel and close to each other. On their inner faces, the plates
have surface charge densities of opposite signs and magnitude 27 x 10-22 C m². The electric field È in
region II in between the plates is:-

(a) 4.25 x 10-8 NC-1 (b) 6.28 x10-10 NC-1

(c) 3.05 x 10-10 NC-1 (d) 5.03 x 10-10 NC-1

58. A charged ball B hangs from a silk thread S, which makes an angle θ with a large charged
conducting sheet P as shown in the figure. The surface charge density of the sheet is proportional to:-

(a) Cos θ (b) cot θ (c) sin θ (d) tan θ

59. A rod of length 2.4 m and radius 4.6 mm carries a negative charge of 4.2 x 10 -7 C spread
uniformly over it surface. The electric field near the mid-point of the rod, at a point on its surface is:-
(a) -8.6 x 105 NC-1 (b) 8.6 x 104 NC-1
(c)- 6.7 x 105 NC- (d) 6.7 x 104 NC-1

60.Two parallel infinite line charges +λ and - λ are placed with a separation distance R in free space.
The net electric field exactly mid-way between the two line charges is:-
(a) zero (b) 2λ / o R
(C) λ / o R (d) ) λ /2 o R

ANSWER OF MCQ’S QUESTION

1 d 21 d 41 c

2 d 22 d 42 d

3 b 23 d 43 c

4 d 24 d 44 d

5 d 25 b 45 c

20
 6 d 26 a 46 d

7 b 27 b 47 c

8 a 28 d 48 d

9 c 29 c 49 c

10 b 30 a 50 d

11 d 31 d 51 a

12 b 32 a 52 a

13 b 33 c 53 b

14 d 34 a 54 a

15 a 35 c 55 b

16 a 36 a 56 a

17 c 37 b 57 c

18 c 38 d 58 d

19 b 39 b 59 c

20 d 40 d 60 b

TYPE - B COMPETENCY BASED QUESTIONS

QUEASTION:- 1. Electric charge is the physical property of matter that causes it to experience a
force when placed in an electromagnetic field. There are two types of charges positive and negative
charges. An object became positively charged by loosing electrons while if it gains electrons it
becomes negatively charged. Also, like charges repel each other whereas unlike charges attract each
other.

21
1. Charge on a body which carries 200 excess electrons is:
(a ) -3.2 × 10-18 C (b) 3.2 × 10-18 C
(c) -3.2 × 10-17 C (d) ) 4.5 × 1018 C

2. On rubbing, when one body gets positively charged and other negatively charged, the electrons
transferred from positively charged body to negatively charged body are:
(a) Valence electrons only
(b) Electrons of inner shells
(c) Both valence electrons and electrons of the inner shell.
(d) None of the above

3. A body is positively charged, it implies that:

(a) There is only a positive charge in the body
(b) There is positive as well as negative charge in the body but the positive charge is more than
negative charge
(c) There is equally positive and negative charge in the body but the positive charge lies in the outer
regions
(d) the negative charge is displaced from its position

4. A polythene piece rubbed with wool is found to have a negative charge of 6 x 107 C. The number of
electrons transferred to polythene from wool is
(a) 3.75 x 1016 (b) 9.6 x 1010
12
(c) 9.6 x 10 (d) 3.75 x 1012

5. There are two types of electric charges positive charges and negative charges. The property which
differentiates the two types of charges is:-
(a) Field of charge. (b) Amount of charge
(c) Strength of charge (d) Polarity of charge

QUEASTION:- 2. In practice, we deal with charges much greater in magnitude than the charge on
an electron, so we can ignore the quantum nature of charges and imagine that the charge is spread in a
region in a continuous manner. Such a charge distribution is known as continuous charge distribution.
There are three types of continuous charge distribution: (i) Line charge distribution (ii) Surface charge
distribution (iii) Volume charge distribution as shown in figure.

22
1. Statement 1: Gauss's law can't be used to calculate electric field near an electric dipole. Statement
2: Electric dipole doesn’t have symmetrical charge distribution.
(a) Statement 1 and statement 2 are true
(b) Statement 1 is false but statement 2 is true.
(c) Statement 1 is true but statement 2 is false.
(d) Both statements are false.

2. An electric charge of 8.85 x 10-13 C is placed at the centre of a sphere of radius 1 m. The electric
flux through the sphere is
(a) 0.2 N C-1 m² (b) 0.1 N C-1m²
-1
(c) 0.3 N C m² (d) 0.01 N C-1m

3. The electric field within the nucleus is generally observed to be linearly dependent on r. So,

(a) a = 0 (b) a = R/2 (c) a = R (d) a = 2 R/3

4. What charge would be required to electrify a sphere of radius 25 cm so as to get a surface 3/π
charge density of 3/ π Cm -2 ?
(a) 0.75 C (b) 7.5 C
(c) 75 C (d) zero

5. The SI unit of linear charge density is

(a) C m (b) C m-1
(c) C m-2 (d) C m-3

QUEASTION:- 3. In 1909, Robert Millikan was the first to find the charge of an electron in his
now-famous oil-drop experiment. In that experiment, tiny oil drops were sprayed into a uniform
electric field between a horizontal pair of oppositely charged plates. The drops were observed with a
magnifying eyepiece, and the electric field was adjusted so that the upward force on some negatively
charged oil drops was just sufficient to balance the downward force of gravity. That is, when
suspended, upward force q E just equalizer Mg. Millikan accurately measured the charges on many
oil drops and found the values to be whole number multiples of 1.6 x 10-19 C the charge of the
electron. For this, he won the Nobel Prize.

23
1. If a drop of mass 1.08 x 10-14 kg remains stationary in an electric field of 1.68 x 105 NC-1, then the
charge of this drop is
(a) 6.40 x 10-19 C (b) 1.6 x 10-19 C
(c) 3.2 x 10-19 C (d) 4.8 x 10-19 C

2. Extra electrons on this particular oil drop (given the presently known charge of the electron) are
(a) 4 (b) 3 (c) 5 (d) 8

3. A negatively charged oil drop is prevented from falling under gravity by applying a vertical electric
field 100 V m-1 . If the mass of the drop is 1.6 x 10-3 g, the number of electrons carried by the drop is
(g = 10 ms - 2)
(a) 1018 (b) 1015 (c) 1012 (d) 10⁹

4. The important conclusion given by Millikan's experiment about the charge is in an

(a) Charge is never quantized (b) Charge has no definite value
(c) Charge is quantized (d) Charge on oil drop always increases.

5. If in Millikan's oil drop experiment, charges on drops are found to be 8µC, 12μC, 20µC, then
quanta of charge is:-
(a) 8 µC (b) 20µC (c) 12µC (d) 4µC

QUEASTION:- 4. When an insulator is placed in an external field, the dipoles become aligned.
Induced surface charges on the insulator establish a polarisation field E, in its interior. The net field E
in the insulator is the vector sum of Eo and Ei as shown in the figure. On the application of external
electric field, the effect of aligning the electric dipoles in the insulator is called polarisation and the
field E, is known as the polarisation field. The dipole moment per unit volume of the dielectric is
known as polarisation (P). For linear isotropic dielectrics, P=χ E, where χ = electrical susceptibility of
the dielectric medium.

1. Which among the following is an example of polar molecule?

(a) 02 (b) H₂ (c) N₂ (d) HCl

2. When air is replaced by a dielectric medium of constant K, the maximum force of attraction
between two charges separated by a distance
(a) Increases K times (b) remains unchanged
(c) Decreases K times (d) increases 2K times.

3. Which of the following is a dielectric?

(a) Copper (b) Antimony (Sb)
(c) Glass (d) None of these

4. For a polar molecule, which of the following statements is true?

(a) The centre of gravity of electrons and protons coincide.
(b) The centre of gravity of electrons and protons do not coincide.

24
(c) The charge distribution is always symmetrical.
(d) The dipole moment is always zero.

5. When a comb rubbed with dry hair attracts pieces of paper. This is because the
(a) Comb polarises the piece of paper
(b) Comb induces a net dipole moment opposite to the direction of field
(c) Electric field due to the comb is uniform
(d) Comb induces a net dipole moment perpendicular to the direction of field

ANSWERS OF CASE STUDY QUESTIONS

QUESTION :- 1. QUESTION :- 2. QUESTION :- 3. QUESTION :- 4.

1. (c) 1. (a) 1. (a) 1. (d)

2. (a) 2. (b) 2. (a) 2. (c)

3. (c) 3. (c) 3. (c) 3. (c)

4. (d) 4. (a) 4. (c) 4. (b)

5. (d) 5. (b) 5. (d) 5. (a)

TYPE :- C ASSERTION REASON TYPE QUESTIONS

Directions: In the following questions, a statement of assertion is followed by a statement of

reason. Mark the correct choice as :
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If both assertion and reason are false.
(e) If assertion is false but reason is true.

1. Assertion: When bodies are charged through friction, there is a transfer of electric charge from one
body to another, but no creation or destruction of charge.
Reason: This follows from conservation of electric charges.

2. Assertion: When we rub a glass rod with silk, the rod gets positively charged and the silk gets
negatively charged.
Reason: On rubbing, electrons from silk cloth move to the glass rod.

3. Assertion: The charge on any Body can be increased or decreased in terms of e.

Reason: Quantisation of charge means that the charge on a body is the integral multiple of e.

4. Assertion: When a body acquires negative charge, its mass decreases.

Reason: A body acquires negative charge when it loses electrons.

5. Assertion: When charges are shared between any two bodies, no charge is really lost, but some
loss of energy does occur.
Reason: Some of the energy is dissipated in the form of heat, sparkling etc.

6. Assertion: Coulomb force and gravitational force follow the same inverse-square law.
Reason: Both laws are same in all aspects.

25
7. Assertion: If there exists coulomb attraction between two bodies, both of them may not be charged.
Reason: In coulomb attraction two bodies are oppositely charged.

8. Assertion: The forces with which two charges attract or repel each other are not affected by the
presence of a third charge.
Reason: Force on any charge due to a number of other charges is the vector sum of all the forces on
that charge due to other charges, taken one at a time.

9. Assertion: The electric field due to a discrete charge configuration is not defined at the locations of
the discrete charges.
Reason: For a surface charge distribution, electric field is discontinuous across the surface.

10. Assertion: Protons carrying positive charges are compactly residing inside the nucleus.
Reason: Electrostatic repulsive force between protons very weak.
11. Assertion: In a uniform electric field electrons move in the opposite direction of electric field.
Reason: This is because of the negative charge of an electron.

12. Assertion: Electrostatic field lines start at positive charges and end at negative charges.
Reason: Field lines are continuous curves without any breaks and they form closed loop.

13. Assertion : Surface charge density of an irregularly shaped conductor is non-uniform.

Reason: Surface density is defined as charge per unit area.

14. Assertion: The whole charge of a conductor cannot be transferred to another isolated conductor.
Reason: The total transfer of charge from one to another is not possible.

15. Assertion: Total flux through a closed surface is zero if no charge is enclosed by the surface.
Reason: Gauss law is true for any closed surface, no matter what its shape or size is.

16. Assertion: Work done in moving a charge between any two points in an electric field is
independent of the path followed by the charge, between these points.
Reason: Electrostatic force is a non conservative force.

17. Assertion: The electric field inside a cavity is always zero.

Reason: Charges reside only on the outer surface of a conductor with cavity.

18. Assertion: Electric field is discontinuous across the surface of a spherical charged shell.
Reason: Electric potential is continuous across the surface of a spherical charged shell.

19. Assertion: Force between two charges increases, when air separating the charges is replaced by
water.
Reason: Medium intervening between the charges has dielectric constant K > 1 .

20. Assertion : Force between two charges is quadrupled when distance between them is halved.
Reason : F ᾳ 1/ r2 , as per coulomb's law.

21. Assertion: The whole charge of a body can be transferred to another body.
Assertion: Charge cannot be transferred partially.

22. Assertion: The number of electrons in one coulomb is 6-25 x 1018.

Reason : q = ne, where symbols have their usual meaning.

23. Assertion: Units of electric dipole moment are C-m and units of torque are N-m
Reason: p = q(2a) and t = force x distance

24. Assertion : When charges are shared between any two bodies, no charge is really lost, but some
loss of energy does occur.
Reason: Some energy disappears in the form of heat, sparking etc.

26
25. Assertion: The number of electric lines of force emanating from 1 μ C charge in vacuum is
1.13 x 106.
Reason: This follows from Gauss's theorem in electrostatics.

ANSWERS OF ASSERTION -REASON TYPE QUESTION

1 (a) 1 (a) 10 (b) 19 (e)

2 (c) 2 (c) 11 (a) 20 (a)

3 (a) 3 (a) 12 (c) 21 (c)

4 (d) 4 (d) 13 (a) 22 (a)

5 (a) 5 (a) 14 (d) 23 (a)

6 (c) 6 (c) 15 (b) 24 (a)

7 (b) 7 (b) 16 (c) 25 (a)

8 (b) 8 (b) 17 (a)

9 (b) 9 (b) 18 (b)

TPYE :- D FILL IN THE BLANKS

1. A potential difference of the order or ……………….. is created between the earth and the bottom
of the cloud.

2. The top of ……………….. and the surface of the earth form a spherical capacitor of capacitance
………………..

3. 3.When a dielectric slab is introduced by disconnecting the battery from the capacitor, then q
=.........
V = ………………..
σ = ………………..
E = ………………..
U = ………………..
C = ………………..

4.If the medium surrounding the conductor is charged, then the potential of the conductor is …………

5. If at any point E = 0, then V may or may not be ……………….. e.g. inside a charged conductor E
= ……………….. but V is ………………..
6. Electric potential at a point on the Equatorial line of a dipole is ……………….. but E is
………………..

7. Two equipotential surfaces cannot intersect each other because ………………..

8. Energy of an electric dipole is minimum when ……………….

9. Two point charges of 20 µC and 30 µC are separated by a distance of 15 cm. The ratio of the
electric fields due to these two electric charges at the midpoint of the line joining them is....................

27
10. Electric dipole moment is........ quantity and its SI unit is........

11. Electric flux is a ............quantity and its SI unit is.......

12. Gauss's theorem gives relationship between the total .........passing through any close surface and
the net charge enclosed within the surface.

13. The net flux through a closed surface due to a charge lying outside the closed surface is.....

14. A charge q is enclosed by a spherical Gaussian surface of radius R. If the radius is doubled, the
electric flux will remain/get...................

15. Net electrostatic field inside a positively charged conductor is............

16. Net electric field inside the charged spherical shell is.........

17. An electric dipole of dipole moment 20 x 10-6Cm is enclosed by a closed surface. The net flux
coming out of the surface is.....................

18. A charge q is placed at one of the vertices of a closed cube of side 1, then the electric flux through
face of the cube which does pass through that vertex is...............

19 Electric field is always...........to the equipotential surface at every point.

20. The work done in moving a test charge qo over an equipotential surface is........

ANSWERS OF FILL IN THE BLANKS

1. 108 V.
2. Stratosphere, 0.09 F (= 0.1 F).
3.q=q0σ=σ0E= V0KU= U0KC = KC0.
4. Changed.
5. Zero, Zero, not zero
6. Zero, not equal to zero.
7. Then there will be two values of electric potential at that point which is impossible.
8. It is aligned with the direction of the electric field.
9. 2:3
10. vector , Cm
11. vector , N m2c-1
12. electric flux
13. zero
14. same
15. zero
16. zero
17 zero
18. q/24εo
19. perpendicular
20. zero

28
TYPE :- E TRUE / FALSE TYPE QUESTIONS

1.The charge on a body can have any value greater than 1.6 x 10-19 C.

2. Total charge on 6.25 x 1018 electrons is equal to 1 coulomb.

3. A charged body cannot attract another charged body.

4. Five balls, numbered 1 to 5 are suspended using separate threads. Pairs (1, 2), (2, 4) and (4,1) show
electrostatic attraction while pairs (2, 3) and (4, 5) show repulsion. Therefore, ball 1 must be neutral.

5. Whatever changes may occur in the matter inside, the total charge of an isolated system remains
constant.

6. While dealing with macroscopic charges, we can ignore the quantization of electric charge.

7. Coulomb's law of electric force is valid for point charges only.

8. The force with which two charges attract or repel each other is affected by the presence of a third
charge.

9. When a number of charges are interacting, the total force on a given charge is equal to the algebraic
sum of the forces exerted on it due to all other charges.

10. Two electric field lines never interact each other.

11. A charged particle free to move in an electric field always moves along an electric line of force.

12. An electric line of force in the x y-plane is given by the equation x2 + y2 = 1 particle with unit
positive charge, initially at rest at the point x=1, y = 0 in the x y-plane, will move along the circular
line of force.

13. A stationary charge is associated with an electrostatic field as well as gravitational field but does
not produce a magnetic field.

14. On going away from a point charge or a small electric dipole, electric field decreases at the same
rate in both cases.

15. A ring of radius R carries a uniformly distributed charge +Q. A point charge - is placed on the
axis of the ring at a distance 2 R from the centre of the ring and released from rest, the particle
executes a simple harmonic motion along the axis of the ring.

16. Two identical metallic spheres of exactly equal masses are taken. One is given a positive charge
Q coulombs and the other an equal negative charge. Their masses after charging are different.

17. A small metal ball is suspended in a uniform electric field with the help of an insulated thread. If
high energy X-ray beam falls on the ball, the ball will be deflected in the direction of the field.

18. Three equal charges (q each) are placed at the corners of an equilateral triangle of side a. The
force on any one of the charges is

19. The electric field lines are imaginary curves, but the field which they represent is real.

20. The SI unit of electric flux is NC¹.

21. The flux of electric field E over a given surface S is defined as the surface integral of the field
over the given surface.

29
22. Gauss's theorem is valid for a closed surface of any shape and for any general charge distribution.

23. The net flux through a closed surface due to a charge lying outside the closed surface is zero.

24. Gauss's theorem is applicable to any field which obeys inverse square law.

25. The electric field E appearing in Gauss's Theorem is due to all the charges, both inside and outside
the closed surface. But the charge q appearing in Gauss's theorem is the sum of all the charges located
anywhere inside the closed surface.

26. The electric field of a line charge is inversely proportional to the distance from the line charge.

27. The electric field of a uniformly charged infinite plane sheet decreases with the increase in
distance r from it.

ANSWERS OF TRUE /FALSE TYPE QUESTIONS

1. False. The charge on any Body is integral multiple of ±1.6 x10-19C.

2. True.
3. False. When charged body is brought closer to another charged body, it induces opposite charge on
the closer end of the charged body. This causes attraction between them.
4. True. Balls 2, 3 as well as 4, 5 are similarly charged as they show repulsion. But 2, 4 are oppositely
charged. As 1 shows attraction both with 2 and 4, ball 1 must be neutral.
5. True. This is in accordance with the law of conservation of charge.
6. True. This is because basic charge e is small and n is very large in such situations, so q (=ne)
behaves as if q were continuous i.e., as if a large amount of charge were flowing.
7. True. Coulomb's law holds for stationary point charges.
8. False. The force between two charges is not affected by the presence of a third charge.
9. False. The total force on a given charge is equal to the vector sum of the forces exerted on it due to
all other charges.
10. True. If they intersect, then the electric field at the point of intersection should have two
directions, which is impossible.
11. False
12. True. The electric line of force is a circle of radius 1 unit with its centre at the origin. The particle
with unit positive charge is at rest at the point (1, 0) on this line of force. Hence it will move along
this circle.
13. True. Only a moving charge produces a magnetic field around itself.
14. False. For a point charge, E and an electric So E decreases more rapidly with distance in case of
an electric dipole.
15. False.
16 True. The mass of the positively charged sphere (which loses electrons) will be less than the mass
of negatively charged sphere (which gains electrons).
17. True. When X-rays fall on the metal ball, it loses electrons (photoelectric effect), becomes
positively charged and get deflected in the direction of electric field.
18. True.
19. True. A factual statement.
20. False. The SI unit of electric flux is Nm²C-¹.
21. True
22. True
23. True
24. True
25. True
26. True
27. False. E of an infinite plane sheet of charge is independent of

30
TYPE :- F MATCHING TYPE QUESTIONS

QUESTION :- 1.

QUESTION :- 2.

QUESTION :- 3.

QUESTION :- 4.

QUESTION :- 5.

31
ANSWERS OF MATCHING TYPE QUESTIONS

QUESTION:-1 QUESTION:-2 QUESTION:-3 QUESTION:-4 QUESTION:-5

(a) → (q) (a) → (q) (a) → (s) (a) →(s) (a) → (r)

(b) → (r) (b) → (r) (b) → (r) (b) → (q) (b) → (p)

(c) → (p)

(d) → (q)

Unit I: Electrostatics

Chapter–2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance Electric potential, potential difference, electric
potential due to a point charge, a dipole and system of charges; equipotential surfaces, electrical
potential energy of a system of two-point charges and of electric dipole in an electrostatic field.
Conductors and insulators, free charges and bound charges inside a conductor. Dielectrics and electric
polarisation, capacitors and capacitance, combination of capacitors in series and in parallel,
capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium between the plates,
energy stored in a capacitor.

TYPE :- A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

TOPIC :- ELECTRICAL POTENTIAL

1. The electric potential V is given as a function of distance x (metre) by V = (5x2 +10x- 9) volt. The
value of electric field at x = 1 is:-
(a) 20 V/m (b) 6 V/m (c) 11 V/m (d) –23 V/m

2. Electric potential is given by V = 6x-8xy2-8y+6yz -4z2 . Then electric force acting on 2C point
charge placed on origin will be:-
(a) 2 N (b) 6 N (c) 8 N (d) 20 N

3. Point charge q1 = 2 μ C and q2 = -1 μ C are kept at points x = 0 and x = 6 respectively. Electrical

potential will be zero at points:-
a) x = 2 and x = 9
(b) x = 1 and x = 5
(c) x = 4 and x = 12
(d) x = –2 and x = 2

32
4. The variation of electrostatic potential V and the electrostatic field E with distance r from a point
charge q is correctly shown by graphs

(a ) A (b) B (c) C (d ) D

5. In the case of a charged metallic sphere, potential (V) changes with respect to distance (r) from the
centre as-

(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D

TOPIC: - ELECTRICAL POTENTIAL ENERGY

6.A positively charged particle is released from rest in a uniform electric field. The electric potential
energy of the charge:-
(a) remains a constant because the electric field is uniform.
(b) increases because the charge moves along the electric field.
(c) decreases because the charge moves along the electric field.
(d) decreases because the charge moves opposite to the electric field.

7. Two equal charges q are placed at a distance of 2a and a third (–2q) is placed at the midpoint. The
potential energy of the system is:-
(a) q2 / 8o a (b) 6q2 / 8o a
2
(c) -7q / 8o a (d) 9q2 / 8o a

8. Two charges q1 and q2 are placed 30 cm apart, as shown in the figure. A third charge q 3 is moved
depends o along the arc of a circle of radius 40 cm from C to D. The change in the potential energy of
the system is q3k /(4πε0) , where k is:-

33
(a) 8 q2 (b) 8 q1 (c) 6 q2 (d) 6 q1

9. A positive point charge +q is placed at the origin. There is an electric field:-

E(x) = E0 ( 2 ) that accelerates the point charge along the x-axis. Determine the energy
of the charge when it reaches the position x = 2a .

(a) 6 qdEo (b) 12 q (c) 12 qdE0 (d) 24 qdE0

10. A test charge is moved from lower potential point to a higher potential point. The potential energy
of test charge will:-
(a) remain the same (b) increase (c) decrease (d) become zero

11. A system consists of two charges 4 μ C and -3 µ C with no external field placed at (-5 cm, 0, 0)
and (5 cm, 0, 0) respectively. The amount of work required to separate the two charges infinitely
away from each other is:-
(a) -1.1 J (b) 2 J (c) 2.5 J (d) 3 J

12. Two charges of magnitude 5 n C and -2 n C, one placed at points (2 cm, 0, 0) and (x cm, 0, 0) in a
region of space, where there is no other external field. If the electrostatic potential energy of the
system is -0.5 µ J. The value of x is:-
(a) 20 cm (b) 80 cm (c) 4 cm (d) 16 cm

13. In a quark model of elementary particles, a neutron is made of one up quark of charge 2/3 e and
two down quark of charges (-1/3 e) . If they have a triangle configuration with side length of the order
of 10-15 m. The electrostatic potential energy of neutron in M eV is:-
(a) 7.68 (b)-5.21 (c) -0.48 (d) 9.34

TOPIC :- POTENTIAL DUE TO SYSTEM OF

CHARGES

14. Figure shows the field lines of a positive point charge. The work done by the field in moving a
small positive charge from Q to P is:-

(a) zero (b) positive

(c) negative (d) data insufficient

15. Four equal charges q each are placed at four corners of a square of side a each. Work done in
carrying a charge -q from its centre to infinity is:-
(a) zero (b) πε
(c) πε
(d) πε

16. A cube of side x has a charge q at each of its vertices. The potential due to this charge array at the
centre of the cube is:-
(a) πε (b) πε (c) πε (d) πε

17. A hexagon of side 8 cm has a charge 4 µC at each of its vertices. The potential at the centre of the
hexagon is:-
(a) 2.7 × 106 V (b) 7.2 x 10¹¹ V (c) 2.5 × 1012 V (d) 3.4 × 104 V

34
 TOPIC :- DIELECTRIC & ELECTRIC POLARISATION

18. When air is replaced by a dielectric medium of constant K, the maximum force of attraction
between two charges separated by a distance
(a) Increases K times (b) remains unchanged
(c) Decreases K times (d) increases K-1times

19. Choose the correct statement.

(a) Polar molecules have permanent electric dipole moment.
(b) CO₂ molecule is a polar molecule.
(c) H₂O is a non-polar molecule.
(d) The dipole field at large distances falls of as 1/r2

20. Dielectric constant for a metal is:-

(a) zero (b) infinite (c) 1 (d) 10

TOPIC :- EQUIPOTENTIAL SURFACES

21. Figure shows some equipotential lines distributed in space. A charged object is moved from point
A to point B.

(a) The work done in figure (i) is the greatest.

(b) The work done in figure (ii) is the least.
(c) The work done is the same in figure (i), (ii) and (iii).
(d) The work done in figure (iii) is greater than figure (ii) but equal to that in figure (i).

22. In a region of constant potential

(a) The electric field is uniform.
(b) The electric field is zero.
(c) There can be no charge inside the region.
(d) Both (b) and (c) are correct.

23. Which of the following statements is true about the relation between electric field and potential?
(a) Electric field is in the direction in which the potential decreases steepest
(b) Magnitude of electric field is given by the change in the magnitude of potential per unit
displacement normal to the equipotential surface at that point.
(c) In the region of strong electric field, equipotential surfaces are far apart.
(d) Both the statements (a) and (b) are correct.

24. What is the angle between electric field and equipotential surface?
(a) 90° always (b) 0o always (c) 0 to 90° (d) 0 to 180°

25. The work done to move unit charge along an equipotential surface from P to Q
(a) must be defined as - (b) is zero
(c) can have a non-zero value (d) both (a) and (b) are correct

26. The top of the atmosphere is about 400 kV with respect to the surface of earth, corresponding to
an electric field that decreases with altitude. Near the surface of earth the field is about 100 V m, but

35
still don't get an electric shock, as we set out of our houses in to open because (assume the house is
free from electric field)
(a) Our body is a perfect insulator
(b) Our body and ground form an equipotential surface
(c) The original equipotential surfaces of open air remain same
(d) None of these

27. In a certain region, a uniform electric field exists along X-direction. The equipotential surfaces
associated with this field will be
(a) Equidistant planes parallel to YZ-plane
(b) Equidistant planes parallel to XY-plane
(c) Equidistant planes parallel to XZ-plane
(d) Coaxial cylinders of increasing radii around the X-axis

TOPIC :- CAPACITOR AND CAPACITANCE

28. A spherical capacitor consists of two concentric spherical conductors, held in position by suitable
insulating supports as shown in figure. The capacitance C, of this spherical capacitor is:-

(a) 4 π ε0 r1 r2 / (r1 - r2 ) (b) 4 π ε0 (r1 - r2 ) / r1 r2

(c) r1 r2 / 4 π ε0 (r1 - r2 ) (d) (r1 - r2 ) / 4 π ε0 r1 r2

29. 8 drops of Hg are combined to form a bigger single drop. The capacitance of a single small drop
and that of the single big drop will be in the ratio of:-
(a) 1:2 (b) 1:8 (c) 8:1 (d) none of these

30. Capacity of a parallel plate condenser is 10 µF when the distance between its plates is 8 cm. If the
distance between the plates is reduced to 4 cm, its capacity will be:-
(a) 10 μF (b) 20 μF (c) 15 µF (d) 40 µF

31. Capacitors are used in electrical circuits where appliances need more
(a) Current (b) voltage (c) watt (d) resistance

32. A parallel plate capacitor is connected to a battery as shown in figure. Consider two situations:-
(i) key K is kept closed and plates of capacitors are moved apart using insulating handle
(ii) key K is opened and plates of capacitors are moved apart using insulating handle.
Which of the following statements is correct?

36
(a) In (i), Q remains same but C changes.
(b) In (ii) V remains same but C changes.
(c) In (i) V remains same and hence Q changes.
(d) In (ii) both Q and V changes.

33. A capacitor of 4 µF is connected as shown in the circuit. The internal resistance of the battery is
0.5 Ω . The amount of charge on the capacitor plates will be:-

(a) zero (c) 16 μ C

(b) 4 μ C (d) 8 μ C

TOPIC :- EFFECT OF DIELECTRIC ON CAPACITANCE

34. A slab of material of dielectric constant K has the same area A as the plates of a parallel plate
capacitor, and has thickness (3/4d) where d is the separation of the plates. The change in capacitance
when the slab is inserted between the plates is
(a) C = (ε0A / d) (K+3/4K) (b) C = (ε0A / d) (2K/K+3)
(c) C = (ε0A / d) (K/K+3) (d) C = (ε0A / d) (4K/K+3)

35. If dielectric constant and dielectric strength be denoted by K and X respectively, then a material
suitable for use as a dielectric in a capacitor must have
(a) high K and high X (b) high K and low X
(c) low K and high X (d) low K and low X

36. A parallel plate capacitor with air between the plates has a capacitance of 10 p F. The capacitance,
if the distance between the plates is reduced by half and the space between them is filled with a
substance of dielectric constant 4 is
(a) 80 p (b) 96 pF (c) 100 pF (d) 120 pF

37. The capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with air as medium is 3 uF. With the introduction of a
dielectric medium between the plates, the capacitance becomes 15 µF. The permittivity of the medium
is:-
(a) 5 C² N-1 m-2 (b) 15 C² N-1 m-2
-10 -1 -2
(c) 0.44 x 10 C² N m (d) 8.854 x 10-11 C² N-1 m-2

38. A parallel plate capacitor is made of two dielectric blocks in series. One of the blocks has
thickness d₁ and dielectric constant K₁ and the other has thickness d₂ and dielectric constant K₂ as
shown in figure. This arrangement can be thought as a dielectric slab of thickness d (=d₁ + d₂) and
effective dielectric constant K. The K is:-

(a) K1d1 + K2d2 /(d1+d2) (b) K1d1 + K2d2 / ( K1+K2)

(c) K1K2 (d1+d2) / ( K1d2 +K2 d1) (d) 2K1K2/ (K1 + K2)

37
39. The plates in a parallel plate capacitor are separated by a distance d with air as the medium
between the plates. In order to increase the capacity by 66% a dielectric slab of dielectric constant 5 is
introduced between the plates. What is the thickness of the dielectric slab?
(a) d/4 (b) d/2
(c) 5d/8 (d) d

40. A parallel plate air capacitor has a capacitance C. When it is half filled with a dielectric of
dielectric constant 5, the percentage increase in the capacitance will be:-
(a) 400% (b) 66.6%
(c) 33.3% (d) 200%

41. A parallel plate capacitor is filled by a dielectric whose relative permittivity varies with the
applied voltage (V) as ε = α V where α =2 V-1.. A similar capacitor with no dielectric is charged to V0
=78 V. It is then connected to the uncharged capacitor with the dielectric. Final voltage on the
capacitor is:-
(a) 2 V (b) 3 V
(c) 5 V (d) 6 V

42. A parallel plate capacitor of area A, plate separation d and capacitance C is filled with four
dielectric materials having dielectric constants K₁, K₂, K3 and K4 as shown in the figure below. If a
single dielectric material is to be used to have the same capacitance C in this capacitor, then its
dielectric constant k is given by:-

(a) 2/k = 3/( K1 + K2 + K3) + 1/ K4 (b) 1/k = 1/k1 + 1/K2 + 1/K3 + 3/2K4
(c) k = K1 + K2 + K3+3 K4 (d) k = 2/3(K1 + K2 + K3) +2 K4

TOPIC :- COMBINATION OF CAPACITORS

43. In the given circuit, initially K1 is closed and K₂ is open. Then K1 is opened and K₂ is closed. If q1'
and q2' are charges on C₁ and C₂ and V₁ and V₂ are the voltages respectively, then:-

(a) Charge on C₁ gets redistributed such that V₁ = V₂

(b) Charge on C₁ gets redistributed such that q₁' = q2'
(c) Charge on C₁ gets redistributed such that C₁V₁= C₂V₂ = C₁ V
(d) Charge on C₁ gets redistributed such q₁' +q2' = 2q

44. Two parallel conducting plates of area A = 2.5 m2 each are placed 6 mm 4 mm apart and are both
earthed. A third plate, identical with the first two, is placed at a distance of 2 mm from one of the
earthed plates and is given a charge of 1 C. The potential of the central plate is:-

38
(a) 6 × 107 V (b) 3 x 107 V (c) 4×10² V (d) - 2 × 10² V

45. In the given circuit, charge Q2 on the 2 µF capacitor changes as C is varied from 1 µF to 3 u F. Q₂
as a function of C is given properly by:-

(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D

46. A capacitance of 2 µF is required in an electrical circuit across a potential difference of 1.0 kV. A
large number of 1 µF capacitors are available which can withstand a potential difference of not more
than 300 V. The minimum number of capacitors required to achieve this is:-
(a) 24 (b) 32 (c) 2 (d) 16

47. Two spherical conductors A and B of radii a and b (b> a) are placed concentrically in air. The two
are connected by a copper wire as shown in the figure. The equivalent capacitance of the system is:-

(a) 4πε0ab/(b-a) (b) 4πε0 (a + b) (c) 4πε0 b (d) 4πε0 a

48. A gang capacitor is formed by interlocking a number of plates as shown in the figure. The
distance between the consecutive plates is 0.885 cm and the overlapping area of the plates is 5 cm².
The capacity of the unit is:-

(a) 1.06 pF (b) 4 pF (c) 6.36 pF (d) 12.72 pF

39
 TOPIC :- ENERGY STORED IN A CAPACITOR

49 . Two identical capacitors have the same capacitance C. One of them is charged to potential V, and
the other to V₂. The negative ends of the capacitors are connected together. When the positive ends
are also connected, the decrease in energy of the combine system is:-
(a) C/4(V1²-V₂²) (b) C/4(V1²+V₂²)
(c) C/4 (V1-V2)2 (d) C/4 (V1+V2)2

50. Energy stored in a capacitor and dissipated during charging a capacitor bear a ratio:-
(a) 1:1 (b) 1:2 (c) 2:1 (d) 1:3

51. Two capacitors, 3 uF and 4 µF, are individually charged across 6 V battery. After being a
disconnected from the battery, they are connected. together with the negative plate of one attached to
the positive plate of the other. What is the final total energy stored?
(a) 1.26 x 10-4 J (b) 2.57 x 10-4 J
(c) 1.26 x 10-6 J (d) 2.57 x 10-6J

52. A parallel plate capacitor without any dielectric within its plates, has a capacitance C, and is
connected to a battery of emf V. The battery is disconnected and the plates of the capacitor are pulled
apart until the separation between the plates is doubled. What is the work done by the agent pulling
the plates apart, in this process?
(a) CV²/2 (b) 3CV²/2 (c) - 3CV²/2 (d) CV²

53. A series combination of n, capacitors, each of value C₁, is charged by a source of potential
difference 4V. When another parallel combination of n2 capacitors, each of value C₂, is charged by a
source of potential difference V, it has the same (total) energy stored in it, as the first combination
has. The value of C₂, in terms of C₁, is then:-
(a) 2C1 / n1n2 (b) 16 C1n2 /n1
(c) 2 C1n2 /n1 (d) 16 C1 / n1n2

54. What is the energy stored in the capacitor between terminals a and b of the network shown in the
figure? (Capacitance of each capacitance C=1 µ F)

(a) 12.5 µ J (b) Zero

(c) 25 µ J (d) 50 µ J

ANSWER OF MCQ’S QUESTION

1 (a) 11 (a) 21 (c) 31 (a) 41 (d) 51 (d)

2 (d) 12 (a) 22 (d) 32 (c) 42 (a) 52 (a)

3 (c) 13 (c) 23 (d) 33 (d) 43 (a) 53 (d)

4 (b) 14 (c) 24 (a) 34 (d) 44 (a) 54 (a)

40
 5 (b) 15 (b) 25 (d) 35 (a) 45 (b)

6 (c) 16 (b) 26 (b) 36 (a) 46 (b)

7 (c) 17 (a) 27 (a) 37 (c) 47 (c)

8 (a) 18 (c) 28 (a) 38 (c) 48 (b)

9 (c) 19 (a) 29 (a) 39 (b) 49 (c)

10 (c) 20 (b) 30 (b) 40 (b) 50 (c)

TYPE :- B COMPETENCY BASED QUESTIONS

QUESTION :-1 We may define electrostatic potential at a point in an electrostatic field as the
amount of work done in moving a unit positive test charge from infinity to that point against the
electrostatic forces, along any path. Due to a single charge q, potential at a point distant r from the
charge is V = q/(4πεo r ) .The potential can be positive or negative. However, it is a scalar quantity.
The total amount of work done in bringing various charges to their respective positions from infinitely
large mutual separations gives us the electric potential energy of the system of charges. Whereas
electric potential is measured in volt, electric potential energy is measured in joule. You are given a
square of each side 1.0 metre with four charges + 1 x 10-8 C, - 2 x 10-8 C, + 3 x 10-8 C and + 2 x 10-8 C
placed at the four corners of the square. With the help of the passage given above, choose the most
appropriate alternative for each of the following questions:

1. Electric potential and electric potential energy:-

(a) Both are scalars
(b) Both are vectors
(c) Electric potential is scalar and electric potential energy is vector
(d) Electric potential is vector and electric potential energy is scalar.

2. Potential at the centre of the square is:-

(a) 5.09 x 102 V (b) 5.09 x 103 V (c) 5.09 V (d) 8.23 x 102 v

3. Potential energy of the system of four charges is:-

(a) 12.73 x 107 J (b) -6.4 x 10-7 J (c) 12.73 x 10-9 J (d) -12.73 x 10-9 J

4. A positively charged particle is released from rest in a uniform electric field. The electric potential
energy of the charge:-
(a) remains a constant because the electric field is uniform.
(b) increases because the charge moves along the electric field.
(c) decreases because the charge moves along the electric field.
(d) decreases because the charge moves opposite to the electric field.

41
5. A test charge is moved from lower potential point to a higher potential point. The potential energy
of test charge will:-
(a) Remain the same (b) increase (c) decrease (d) become zero

QUESTION:-2 The capacity of a condenser increases both, when a conducting slab or an insulating
slab introduced between the plates of the condenser. In the former case, electric field E=0 inside the
conductor and in the latter case, E < Eo , inside the insulator. Thus, potential difference V = E x d
decreases and hence capacity C=Q/V increases. It should be clearly understood that when a dielectric
slab is introduced in between the plates of a charged capacitor with battery connected across the
plates, (i) Capacity C increases, (ii) Potential V remains constant, (iii) Charge Q = CV, increases, (iv)
Electric field E decreases, U= 1/2CV2
However, when battery across the plates of charged capacitor is put off and dielectric slab is
introduced in between the plates of the capacitor, (i) Capacity C increases, (ii) Charge Q remains
constant, (v) Energy stored increases. (iii) Potential V = Q/C decreases, (iv) Electric field, E=V x d
decreases, (v) Energy stored U= Q2 / 2C decreases.
Consider a parallel plate air capacitor with area of each plate = 150 cm2 and distance between its
plates 0.8 mm. With the help of the passage given above, choose the most appropriate alternative for
each of the following questions:

1. Energy stored in the capacitor, when charged to a potential difference of 1200 Vis
(a) 1.2 x 10-4 J (b) 1.2 x 104 J (c) 3.6 x 10-4 J (d) 3.6 × 104 J

2. If the air capacitor is filled with a medium of K = 3 and then charged to the same potential, the
energy stored will be
(a) 1.2 x 10-4 J (b) 3.6 x 104J (c) 3.6 × 10-4 J (d) 1.2 x 104 J

3. If the capacitor is charged first as an air capacitor and then filled with this dielectric, energy stored
will be
(a) 3.6 x 10-4 J (b) 1.2 x 10-4 J (c) 4 x 10-5 J (d) 4 x 105 J

4. What will be the potential of b capacitor when filled with dielectric after charging as air capacitor?
(a) 1200 V (b) 400 V (c) 3600 V (d) 300 V

5. The air capacitor is charged to 1200 V and then filled with dielectric of K = 3 The charge on the
plates will be
(a) 1.66 x 10² C (b) 1.66 x 10-10 C (c) 1.99 x 107 C (d) 1.99 x 10-7 C

42
QUESTION :-3 Capacitor with a capacitance value much higher than normal capacitors but with
lower voltage limits. Such capacitors bridges the gap between electrolytic capacitors and rechargeable
batteries.
In automobile, bus, train, crane, elevator such Capacitors are used for regenerative braking, short term
energy storage or burst-mode power delivery. Super capacitors have many advantages over batteries:
they are very low weight and generally don't contain harmful chemicals or toxic metal. They can be
charged and discharged innumerable number of times without r wearing out. The disadvantage is that
super capacitors aren't well-suited for long-term energy storage. The discharge rate of super capacitors
is significantly higher than lithium-ion batteries; they can lose as much as 10-20% of their charge per
day due to self discharge.

1. Capacity of super capacitor is:

(A) Very low. (B) Medium. (C) Very high (D) May have any value

2. Super capacitor makes a bridge between:

(A) Electrolytic capacitor and rechargeable battery.
(B) Single use battery and electrolytic capacitor.
(C) Electrolytic capacitor and dynamo.
(D) Electrolytic and non-electrolytic capacitors.

3. Super capacitors can be charged and discharged:

(A) Few number of times.
(B) Once only.
(C) Several number of times but less than rechargeable batteries.
(D) Several number of times much more than rechargeable batteries.

4. Self-discharge rate of Super capacitors:

(A) 10-20% of their charge per day (B) 1-2% of their charge per day
(C) 0% of their charge per day (D) 100% of their charge per day

5. Super capacitors are used for

(A) degenerative braking. (B) regenerative braking.
(C) small appliances. (D) long time charge storage.

QUEASTION:-4. Electrostatic potential energy of a system of point charges is defined as the total
amount of work done in bringing the different charges to their respective positions from infinitely
charge mutual separations. The work is stored in the system of two point charges in the form of
electrostatic potential energy U of the system. Electric potential difference between any points A and
B in an electric field is the amount of work done in moving a unit positive test charge from A to B
along any path agents the electrostatic force
VB - VA = =

43
1. A test charge is moved from lower potential point to a higher potential point. The potential energy
of test charge will
(a) remain the same (b) increase c) decrease (d) become zero

2. Which of the following statement is not true?

(a) Electrostatic force is a conservative force.
(b) Potential energy of charge q at a point is the work done per unit charge in bringing a charge from
any point to infinity.
(c) Spring force and gravitational force are conservative force.
(d) Both (a) and (c).

3. Work done in moving a charge from one point to another inside a uniformly charged conducting
sphere is:-
(a) always zero (b) non-zero (c) may be zero (d) none of these

4. The work done in bringing a unit positive charge from infinite distance to a point at 70. distance x
from a positive charge Q is W. Then the potential ϕ at that point is:-
(a) WQ/x (b) W (c) w/x (d) WQ

5. If 1 µC charge is shifted from A to B and it from is found that work done by an external force is 40
μ J. In doing so against electrostatics force, the potential difference VA-VB is:-
(a) 40 V (b) -40 V (c) 20 V (d) -60 V

QUEASTION:-5. Capacitor The electrical capacitance of a conductor is the measure of its ability to
hold electric charge. An isolated spherical conductor of radius R. The charge Q is uniformly
distributed over its entire surface. It can be assumed to be concentrated at the centre of the sphere. The
potential at any point on the surface of the spherical conductor will be V= . Capacitance of the
spherical conductor situated in vacuum is C= Q/ V or C = . Clearly, the capacitance of a
spherical conductor is proportional to its radius. The radius of the spherical conductor of 1 F
capacitance is R = C / and this radius is about 1500 times the radius of the earth. (~6 × 10³ km).

1. If an isolated sphere has a capacitance 50 pF. Then radius is:-

(a) 90 cm (b) 45 cm (c) 45 m (d) 90 m

44
2. How much charge should be placed on a capacitance of 25 pF to raise its potential to 105 V?
(a) 1 µC (b) 1.5 μC (c) 2 μC (d) 2.5 μC

3. Dimensions of capacitance is
(a) [M L-2 T4 A²] (b) [M-1 L-1 T³ A¹]
(c) [M-1L-2 T4 A²] (d) [M° L-2 T4 A¹]

4. Metallic sphere of radius R is charged to potential V. Then charge q is proportional to:-

(a) V (b) R (c) both V and R (d) none of these.

5. If 64 identical spheres of charge q and capacitance C each are combined to form a large sphere. The
charge and capacitance of the large sphere is:-
(a) 64q, C (b) 16q, 4C (c) 64q, 4C (d) 16q, 64C

QUEASTION:-6 . A dielectric slab is a substance which does not allow the flow of charges through
it but permits them to exert electrostatic forces on one another. When a dielectric slab is placed
between the plates, the field E, polarises the dielectric. This induces charge -Q p on the upper surface
and +Q p on the lower surface of the dielectric. These induced charges set up a field E p inside the
dielectric in the opposite direction of Eo as shown.

1. In a parallel plate capacitor, the capacitance increases from 4 µF to 80 µF, on introducing a

dielectric medium between the plates. What is the dielectric constant of the medium?
(a) 10 (b) 20 (c) 50 (d) 100

2. A parallel plate capacitor with air between the plates has a capacitance of 8 pF. The separation
between the plates is now reduced half and the space between them is filled with a medium of
dielectric constant 5. Calculate the value of capacitance of the capacitor in second case.
(a) 8 pF (b) 10 pF (c) 80 pF (d) 100 pF

3. A dielectric introduced between the plates of a parallel plate condenser

(a) Decreases the electric field between the plates
(b) Increases the capacity of the condenser
(c) Increases the charge stored in the condenser
(d) Increases the capacity of the condenser

4. A parallel plate capacitor of capacitance 1 pF has 4 separation between the plates is d. When the
distance of separation becomes 2d and wax of dielectric constant x is inserted in it the capacitance
becomes 2 p F. What is the value of x?
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) 8

5. A parallel plate capacitor having area A and separated by distance d is filled by copper plate of
thickness b. The new capacity is:-
ε ε ε
(a) (b) (c) (d)

45
ANSWERS OF CASE STUDY TYPE QUESTIONS

QUESTION:1 QUESTION:2 QUESTION:3 QUESTION:4 QUESTION:5 QUESTION:6

1. (a) 1. (a) 1. (c) 1. (c) 1. (b) 1. (b)

2. (a) 2. (c) 2. (a) 2. (b) 2. (d) 2. (c)

3. (b) 3. (c) 3. (d) 3. (a) 3. (c) 3. (d)

4. (c) 4. (b) 4. (a) 4. (b) 4. (c) 4. (b)

5. (c) 5. (d) 5. (b) 5. (b) 5. (c) 5. (c)

TYPE :- C ASSERTION REASON TYPE QUESTIONS

Directions: In the following questions, a statement of assertion is followed by a statement of reason.

Mark the correct choice as:
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If both assertion and reason are false.
(e) If assertion is false but reason is true.

1. Assertion: In the absence of an external electric field, the dipole moment per unit volume of a polar
dielectric is zero.
Reason: The dipoles of a polar dielectric are randomly oriented.

2. Assertion: Two adjacent conductors of unequal dimensions, carrying the same positive charge have
a potential difference between them.
Reason: The potential of a conductor depends upon the charge given to it.

3. Assertion: The potential difference between the two conductors of a capacitor is small.
Reason: A capacitor is so configured that it confines the electric field lines within a small region
of space.

4. Assertion: Increasing the charge on the plates of a capacitor means increasing the capacitance.
Reason: Capacitance is directly proportional to charge.

5 Assertion: Capacity of a parallel plate capacitor increases when distance between the plates is
Decreased.
Reason: Capacitance of capacitor is inversely proportional to distance between them.

6. Assertion: If distance between the parallel plates of a capacitor is halved, then its capacitance is
doubled.
Reason: The capacitance depends on the introduced dielectric.

7. Assertion: Capacity of parallel plate condenser remains unaffected on introducing a insulating slab
between the plates.
Reason: Electric field intensity between the plates increases on introducing the insulating slab.

8. Assertion: Charge on all the condensers connected in series is the same.

Reason: Capacitance of capacitor is directly proportional to charge on it.

9. Assertion: In a series combination of capacitors, charge on each capacitor is same.

Reason: In such a combination, voltage across each capacitor is same.

46
10. Assertion: Dielectric polarisation means formation of positive and negative charges inside the
dielectric.
Reason. Free electron is formed in this process.

11. Assertion. When charges are shared between any two bodies, no charge is really lost but some
loss of energy does occur.
Reason. Some energy disappears in the form of heat, sparking etc.

12. Assertion. A spherical equipotential surface is not possible for a point charge.
Reason. A spherical equipotential surface is possible inside a spherical capacitor.

13. Assertion. A charge q is placed on a height h/4 above the centre of a square of side b. The flux
associated with the square is independent of side length.
Reason. Gauss's law is independent of size of the Gaussian surface.

14. Assertion. Insulators do not allow flow of current through themselves.

Reason. They have no free charge carriers.

15. Assertion. During charging by rubbing, the insulating material with lower work function becomes
positively charged.
Reason. Electrons are negatively charged.

16. Assertion. If a point charge q is placed in front of an infinite grounded conducting plane surface,
the point charge will experience a force.
Reason. This force is due to the induced charge on the conducting surface which is at zero
potential

17. Assertion. Electrons move away from a region of lower potential to a region of higher potential.
Reason. Since an electron has a negative charge.

18. Assertion. Work done in moving any charge through any distance on an equipotential surface is
zero.
Reason. An equipotential surface is very smooth.

19. Assertion. Work done in moving a charge between any two points in an electric field is
independent of the path followed by the charge, between these points.
Reason. Electrostatic forces are non conservative.

20. Assertion. A metallic shield in the form of a hollow shell, can be built to block an electric field.
Reason. In a hollow spherical shell, the electric field inside is not zero at every point.

21. Assertion. Farad is too big a unit of capacity.

Reason. Capacity of earth-which is the largest sphere is in microfarad.

22. Assertion. Capacity of a parallel plate condenser remains unaffected on introducing a conducting
or insulating slab between the plates.
Reason. In both the cases, electric field intensity between the plates increases.

23. Assertion: Charge is quantized because only. integral number of electrons can be transferred.
Reason: There is no possibility of transfer db of some fraction of electron.

24. Assertion: In a series combination of capacitors, charge on each capacitor is same.

Reason: In such a combination, charge cannot move only along one route.

25. Assertion: For a charged particle moving from point P to point Q, the net work done by an
electrostatic field on the particle is independent of the path connecting point P to point Q.
Reason: The net work done by a conservative force on an object moving along a closed loop is

47
 zero.

26. Assertion: For practical purposes, the Earth is used as a reference at zero potential in electrical
circuits.
Reason: The electrical potential of a sphere of radius. R with charge Q uniformly distributed on
the surface is given by Q / 4πεoR .

27. Assertion: For a point charge, concentric spheres centred at a location of the charge are
equipotential surfaces.
Reason: An equipotential surface is a surface over which potential has zero value.

28. Assertion: Polar molecules have permanent dipole moment.

Reason: In polar molecule, the centres of positive and negative charges coincide even when there
is no external field.

29. Assertion: Dielectric polarisation means formation of positive and negative charges inside the
dielectric.
Reason: Free electrons are formed in this process.

30. Assertion (A): The dielectric constant for metals is infinity.

Reason (R): When a charged capacitor is filled completely with a metallic slab, its capacity
becomes very large.

ANSWERS OF ASSERTION -REASON TYPE QUESTIONS

1 (a) 6 (b) 11 (a) 16 (a) 21 (a) 26 (a)

2 (b) 7 (d) 12 (d) 17 (a) 22 (d) 27 (c)

3 (a) 8 (c) 13 (a) 18 (c) 23 (a) 28 (c)

4 (d) 9 (c) 14 (a) 19 (c) 24 (a) 29 (c)

5 (a) 10 (c) 15 (b) 20 (c) 25 (b) 30 (c)

TPYE :- D FILL IN THE BLANKS

1. The direction of electric field is that in which the potential ............... is steepest.

2. For a constant electric field in the z-direction, equipotential surfaces will be planes parallel
to...........

3. The potential energy of two like charges is...........

4. The potential energy of a charge q at a point in an external electric field where electric potential is
V is......

5. The potential energy of electric dipole is ......... when its dipole moment is antiparallel to the
external field.

6. The potential energy of a dipole when its dipole moment p is parallel to the external field E
is...........

48
7. Electric field at the surface of a charged conductor is proportional to the..........

8. In the cavity of a hollow charged conductor, electric field is............. while electric potential
is..............

9. The phenomenon of making a region free from any electric field is called .............

10. Electric potential at any equatorial point of an electric dipole is...........

11. The capacitance of a spherical conductor is proportional to its...........

.
12. CV¹ is the SI unit of..........

13. The capacitance of an insulated conductor ............when we place an uncharged conductor near it.

14. The amount of work done in bringing a unit positive charge (without acceleration) from infinity to
the given observation point against the electrostatic forces is called..............

15.The electric potential of a point charge is ........ symmetric while that of an electric dipole is......
symmetric.

16. At large distance r, the dipole potential falls off as ......while the potential due to a single charge
falls off as........

17.Electric potential is quantity .......while potential gradient is a .......quantity.

18..........at a point is equal to the negative of the potential gradient at that point.

19.In series combination, .........on each capacitor is same but ....... across the capacitors may be
different.

20. In series combination, the potential difference across any capacitor is ........proportional to its
capacitance.

21. In parallel combination,............on each capacitor is same but the ...........on the capacitor may be
different .

22. In parallel combination, the charge on any capacitor is.......... proportional to its capacitance.

23. In series combination, the equivalent capacitance is............ than the smallest individual
capacitance.

24. The electric field inside a dielectric........when it is placed in an external electric field.

25.The introduction of a dielectric slab between the capacitor plates............ the capacitance.

26.. The ..........on the capacitor plates remains same when the charging battery is disconnected.

27. The...........on the capacitor plates remains constant when the battery remains connected across it
even after the introduction of a dielectric slab.

28. Two parallel metal plates carry charges + Q and -Q respectively. A test charge placed between
them experiences a force F. Now the separation between the plates is doubled, then the force on the
test charge will be..........

29. A 2 μF capacitor is charged to a potential of 200V and then isolated. When it is connected in
parallel with a second capacitor which is uncharged, the common potential becomes 40 V. The
capacitance of the second capacitor is.............

49
30. A parallel plate capacitor of capacitance 100 μ F is charged to a potential of 500 V and is
disconnected from the battery. Then the air gap is filled with a dielectric medium of dielectric
constant 2.5. The new potential difference is.................

ANSWERS OF FILL IN THE BLANKS

1. decrease
2. XY -planes
3. positive
4. q V
5. maximum
6. -p E
7. surface charge density
8. zero, non-zero constant
9. Electrostatic shielding
10. zero
11.radius
12. capacitance
13. increases
14. electric potential
15. spherically , cylindrically
16. 1/r2 , 1/r
17. scalar, vector
18. Electric field
19. charge , potential difference
20. inversely
21. potential difference , charge
22. directly
23. smaller
24. decreases
25. increases
26. charge
27. potential difference
28. F
29. 8 μ F
30. 200 V

TYPE :- E TRUE / FALSE TYPE QUESTIONS

1. The electrostatic potential is necessarily zero at a point where the electric field strength is zero.

2. The electrostatic potential at a point can be zero where electric field is not zero.

3. In an electric field, an electron moves from higher to lower potential region.

4. The work done in carrying a point charge from one point to another in an electrostatic field depends
on the path along which the point charge is carried.

5. The electrostatic potential is constant throughout the volume of a conductor and has the same value
(as inside) on its surface.

50
6. Two neighbouring conductors having equal positive charge and volume must have the same
potential.

7. The work done in moving a unit positive charge once around a positive charge q along a circle is
zero.

8.The energy of a capacitor resides in the electric field between the capacitor plates.

9. A charge +q is placed at the centre of a circle. The work done in moving a charge from A to B is
greater than the work done in moving the charge from B to C.

10. The dielectric constant of a metal is infinite.

11. The dielectric constant of a perfect insulator is infinite.

12. A solid conducting sphere can hold more charge than a hollow sphere of same radius.

13. Earth can be given unlimited charge.

14. We can give as much charge to a capacitor as we wish.

15. When a dielectric is introduced between the plates of a capacitor at a constant potential difference,
the charge on the plates remains the same.

16. Electrostatic force at a point due to multiple charges is equal to algebraic sum of forces due to all
charges at that point.

17. Quantisation of charge can be neglected at macroscopic level.

18. The minimum field required to produce breakdown of air is 3.0 x 106 V/m . Therefore a
conducting sphere 10 cm in radius can easily hold a charge of 4 x 10-6 C in air without breakdown.

19. Three equal charges (‘Q’ each) are placed at the corners of an equilateral triangle of side ‘a’. The
force on any one of the charge is Q2√3/ πεoa2

20. Four capacitor each of capacitance 16μF are connected in series. Equivalent capacitance will be
8μF.

21. The electrostatic field at the surface of charged conductor must be tangential to the surface at any
point.

22. Electric field inside the dielectric material is always less because induced electric field is set up
within it, which is in a direction opposite to original electric field.

23. The work done in rotating the electric dipole in uniform electric field from ø = 0 0 to ø = 900 will
be negative

ANSWERS OF TRUE /FALSE TYPE QUESTIONS

1. False. E= -d v/d r ⇒ V = constant

2. True. At the equatorial point of an electric dipole, V = 0 and E# 0.
3. False. Electron is negatively charged. It will higher P.E. in lower potential region. It will move
away from lower to higher potential region.
4.False. Electrostatic field is a conservative field. The work done in moving a charge against this field
does not depend on path followed.
5. True. In the conductor, E = - d v/ d r / = 0 ⇒ V=constant.

51
6. False. Electric potential of a charged conductor depends not only on the amount of charge and
volume but also on the shape of the conductor. If the conductors have different shapes, they will have
different potentials.
7. True. Force on the unit positive charge is along the radius and direction of motion is perpendicular
to it. W = F s Cos ø 90º = 0.
8.True. Electric field is the seat of energy with energy density 1/2 oE2
9. False. VA =VC ⇒ VB-VA= VB -VC , WAB = WBC
10. True .
11. False. The dielectric constant of a perfect insulator has a finite value as Ep < E0.
12. False. Both hollow and solid spheres have same capacitance (C = 4πεoR) if they have the same
radii. When charged to same potential, they will have the same charge.
13. True. As the radius of the earth is very large, so its capacitance is also very large. It can hold a
large
amount of charge.

14. False. When the electric field between the plates exceeds the breakdown value of air, charge
begins to leak.
15. False. The introduction of the dielectric increases the capacitance. Hence the charge on the plates
(Q=CV) increases.
16. False
17. True
18. False (Electric field at the top of the sphere E = K Q / R2 = 3.6 X 106 N/C which is more than 3.0
X 106 N/C, so the sphere cannot hold charge 4 X 10-6 C )
19. True
20. False
21. False (Electric field should be normal to the surface at any point)
22.True
23. False

TYPE :- F MATCHING TYPE QUESTIONS

QUESTION :- 1.

QUESTION :- 2.

52
QUESTION :- 3.

QUESTION :- 4.

QUESTION :- 5.

ANSWERS OF MATCHING TYPE QUESTIONS

QUESTION:-1 QUESTION:-2 QUESTION:-3 QUESTION:-4 QUESTION:-5

(a) → (q) (a) → (q) (a) → (r) (a) →(r) (a) → (q)

(b) → (r) (b) → (p) (b) → (p) (b) → (p) (b) → (p)

53
 Unit II : Current Electricity

1. Ohm’s law in vector form is written as:

a. E=jρ ; j=σE
b. j=σE ; j=σV
c. V=IR ; E=jσ
d. None of these

2. Reciprocal of resistivity is called

a. Conductance
b. Reactance
c. Conductivity
d. Resistance

3. What happen to relaxation time (τ ) if conductivity ( σ ) increases

a. Increases
b. Decreases
c. Remain same
d. First increase than decrease

4. For any conductor with increase in temperature the relaxation time will
a. Increases
b. Decrease
c. Remain same
d. None of these

5. A wire of uniform cross section has a resistance of R ohm. If it is drawn to three times the
length, but the volume remain constant, what will be its resistance?
a. 6R ohm
b. 9R ohm
c. 3R ohm
d. 12R ohm

6. If charges moved without collision through the conductor, their kinetic energy would also
change so that total energy remain unchanged, conservation of total energy implies that :
a. Δ k = - Δ U pot ; Δ k = I V Δ t > 0
b. Δ k = Δ U pot ; Δ k = I V Δ t >= 0
c. Δ k = - Δ U pot ; Δ k = I V Δ t < 0
d. Δ k = Δ U pot ; Δ k = I V Δ t = 0

7. Below given graphs are showing the relation between resistivity and temperature for :

A B C
a. A. copper, C. Nichrome and B. Semiconductor
b. A. copper, B. Nichrome and C. Semiconductor
c. B. copper, C. Nichrome and A. Semiconductor
d. None of these

54
8. In circuit diagram given below let V is the potential difference across the opposite ends of
given combination (between A and C). The effective net current through the combination will
be

a. I = V ( R2 + R3) / R1R2 + R1R3 + R2R3

b. I = V ( R1 + R3) / R1R2 + R1R3 + R2R3
c. I = V ( R2 + R1) / R1R2 + R1R3 + R2R3
d. I = V ( R2 + R3) / R1R2 + R1R3 - R2R3

9. In figure given below the effective resistance of given combination will be

a. 4/5 R
b. 5/6 R
c. 6/5 R
d. 5/4 R

10. In figure given below if the position of galvanometer and cell of emf E are interchanged then
how it will affect the position of null deflection?

a. It will remain unchanged

b. It will increase from its previous value
c. It will decrease from its previous value
d. Current will not flow

11. In the given figure below the net current drawn from the potentiometer if the sliding contact is
in the middle of the galvanometer will be:

55
 a. I = V/(2R1 + RO) Ampere
b. I = 2V/(2R1 + RO) Ampere
c. I = 2V/(2R1 + RO/3) Ampere
d. I = 2V/(2R1 + RO) Ampere

Question number 12 to 14 based on figure given below

12. What is the purpose does the high resistance 600 kilo-ohm here in the above circuit?
a. To reduce current through the galvanometer when movable contact is far from the
balance point.
b. To increase current through the galvanometer when movable contact is far from the
balance point.
c. To reduce current through the galvanometer when movable contact is not far from the
balance point.
d. To regulate constant current through the galvanometer when movable contact is far from
the balance point.

13. How the balance point is effected by the internal resistance of the driver cell?
a. Balancing length will increase
b. Balancing length will decrease
c. Balancing length will remain unaffected
d. None of these

14. Dimension formula for electrical conductivity is

a. M-1L-3T-3A2
b. M-1L-2T-3A2
c. M-1L-3T-2A2
d. M-1L-2T-2A2

15. Dimension formula for electrical MOBILITY is

a. M1L3T-4A-1
b. M1L3T4A-1
c. M1L-3T-4A-1
d. M1L-3T-4A1

16. The sensitivity of alloy magnin is nearly ………rapidly increase with increase in temperature.
a. Independent
b. Increase
c. Decrease
d. None of above

17. Alloy metal have usually ………… resistivity than their constituent nucleus.
a. Smaller
b. Greater
c. Same
d. None of these

56
18. The total current through the given circuit ( for infinite number of combination).

a. 3.7 A
b. 2.7 A
c. 1.7 A
d. 4.7 A

19. To draw high current from low voltage the internal resistance must have
a. High value
b. Low value
c. Independent
d. None of these

20. Check the correct relation. Symbols have their usual meaning
a. j=(nm/e2) τ E
b. j=(n e2/m) τ E
c. j=(nm/e) τ E
d. j=(nm2/e2 ) τ E

21. Check the correct relation. Symbols have their usual meaning
a. σ=(ne2/m) τ
b. σ=(n2e2/m) τ
c. σ=(ne/m) τ
d. σ=(nm/e) τ

22. How the drift velocity affected by increasing current density and length of conductor and
length of conductor respectively
a. Increase , increase
b. Increase , decrease
c. Decrease, increase
d. Decrease, decrease

23. The drift velocity inside any conductor is ………… in comparison to speed of e- inside it
a. Smaller by factor of 10 -11
b. greater by factor of 10 -11
c. greater by factor of 10 -15
d. Smaller by factor of 10 -15

24. S.I unit of mobility is

a. m2/V-s
b. m2/N-s
c. m2/N-s-2
d. m/V-s

25. Resistivity of semiconductor characteristically ……….. with rise in temperature

a. Increases
b. Decreases
c. Remain same
d. None of these

57
26. The average peak power stroke during atmospheric lightning flash is
a. 10 15watt
b. 10 18watt
c. 10 10watt
d. 10 12watt

27. Kirchoff’s law is after the name of

a. Albert gustav kirchoff
b. Gustav Robert kirchoff
c. Michael Robert kirchoff
d. Alter Robert kirchoff.

28. Correct formula for ohms law in vector form is

a. j=σ E
b. j=σ x E
c. j=σ . E
d. j=σ / E

29. What is the value of I if E1 = 5V and E2 = 10V each R=2ohm.

a. 6/5 Ampere
b. 5/6 Ampere
c. 4/5 Ampere
d. 5/4 Ampere

30. What is total current flow through the given circuit if key is closed

a. 1 Ampere
b. 2 Ampere
c. 0.5 Ampere
d. 2.5 Ampere

31. In a meter bridge (figure given below) the null point is found at a distance of 33.7 cm from A.
If now a resistance of 12Ω is connected in parallel with S, the null point occurs at 51.9 cm.
The values of R and S are :

58
 a. S = 13.5 ohm, R = 6.86 ohm
b. S = 12.5 ohm, R = 5.86 ohm
c. S = 14.5 ohm, R = 4.86 ohm
d. S = 15.5 ohm, R = 7.86 ohm

32. In an experiment on Meter Bridge, if the balancing length AC is X, what would be its value,
when the radius of the meter bridge wire AB is doubled?
a. x/2
b. x/4
c. x
d. 2x
33. Use Kirchhoff’s rules to determine the value of the current Ix flowing in the circuit shown in
the figure.

a. I1= - 3/8 A, I2 = 23/4 A, I3=17/8A

b. I1= - 3/4 A, I2 = 23/8 A, I3=17/8A
c. I1= - 3/4 A, I2 = 23/4 A, I3=17/4A
d. I1= - 3/8 A, I2 = 23/8 A, I3=17/4A

34. Calculate the current drawn from the battery in the given network

4 VOLT
a. 2A
b. 1A
c. 3A
d. 4A

35. The adjoining graph shows the variation of terminal potently difference V, across a
combination of three cells in series to a resistor versus the current I.

59
 Calculate the EMF of each cell.
a. 2V
b. 3V
c. 4V
d. 0.5V

36. In a meter bridge, the null point is found at a distance of l 1 cm from A. If a resistance of X is
connected in parallel with S, then null point occurs at a distance l 2 cm from A Obtain the
formula for X in terms of l1,l2 and S.

a. –

b. –

c. –

d. –

Direction (Q. No. 37- 45) In each of the following questions, a statement of Assertion is given
by the corresponding statement of Reason. Of the statements, mark the correct answer as:

(a) If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of
Assertion.
(c) If Assertion is true, but Reason is false.
(d) If Assertion is false, but Reason is true.
(e) If Assertion and Reason both are false.

37. Assertion: The connecting wires are made of copper.

Reason: The electrical conductivity of copper is high.

38. Assertion: The copper strips of meter bridge are thick in structure
Reason : To increase the flow of current through meter bridge.

39. Assertion : Emf of any cell is always greater than applied voltage.
Reason : It has its own internal resistance.

40. Assertion : Potentiometer is more sensitive than meter bridge.

Reason : It has less number of turns and so less potential gradient.

41. Assertion : Meter bridge is said to be in balance condition

Reason : Galvanometer shows null deflection.

42. Assertion : A cell shows emf reading in open circuit

Reason : Each cell has its own current value.

60
43. Assertion : Current across cell in open circuit is zero
Reason : Internal resistance of cell is infinity.

44. Assertion : Drift velocity of electron in conductor decrease with rise in temperature
Reason : Time of Collision between electrons reduced with rise in temperature.

45. Assertion : Current through three resistors of equal capacity in parallel is always more than
when they are connected in series.
Reason : Effective resistance of parallel combination is more than when in series.

CASE STUDY BASED PROBLEMS (1 TO 4)

46. Whenever an electric current is passed through a conductor, it becomes hot after some time.
The phenomenon of the production of heat in a resistor by the flow of an electric current
through it is called heating effect of current or Joule heating. Thus, the electrical energy
supplied by the source of emf is converted into heat. In purely resistive circuit, the energy
expended by the source entirely appears as heat. But if the circuit has an active element like a
motor, then a part of energy supplied by the source goes to do useful work and the rest
appears as heat. Joule’s law of heating forms the basis of various electrical appliances such as
electric bulb, electric furnace, electric press etc.
(i) Which of the following is correct statement?
(a) Heat produced in a conductor is independent of the current flowing.
(b) Heat produced in a conductor varies inversely as the current flowing.
(c) Heat produced in a conductor varies directly as the square of the current flowing.
(d) Heat produced in a conductor varies inversely as the square of the current flowing.
(ii) If the coil of a heater is cut to half, what would happen to heat produced?
(a) Doubled
(b) Halved
(c) Remains same
(d) Becomes four times.
(iii) A 50 W and 150 W are joined in series and connected to the mains. Which bulb will
glow brighter?
(a) 150 W
(b) 50 W
(c) Both bulbs will glow brighter
(d) None will glow brighter
(iv) A rigid container with thermally insulated wall contains a coil of resistance 100 Ω,
carrying 1 A. Change in its internal energy after 5 second will be ?
(a) 0 kJ
(b) 1.5 kJ
(c)1 kJ
(d) 0.5 kJ

47. Potentiometer is an apparatus used for measuring the emf of a cell or potential difference
between two points in an electrical circuit accurately. It is also used to determine the internal
resistance of a primary cell. The potentiometer is based on the principle that, if V is the
potential difference across any portion of the wire of length 1 and resistance R, then V is
proportional to l or ( V=k l) where k is the potential gradient. Thus, potential difference across
any portion of potentiometer wire is directly proportional to length of the wire of that portion.

61
 The potentiometer wire must be uniform. The resistance of potentiometer wire should be
high.

i). Which one of the following is true about potentiometer?

a. Its sensitivity is low
b. It measures the emf of a cell very accurately
c. It is based on deflection method
d. None of the above

ii). A current of 1.0 mA is flowing through a potentiometer wire of length 4 cm and of

resistance 4 Omega. The potential gradient of the potentiometer wire is:

a. 10-2 V/m
b. 10-1 V/m
c. 10-3 V/m
d. 10-4 V/m

iii). Sensitivity of a potentiometer can be increased by

a. decreasing potential gradient along the wire
b. increasing potential gradient along the wire
c. decreasing current through the wire
d. increasing current through the wire

iv). In a potentiometer experiment, the balancing length is 8 m, when the two cells El and E2 are
joined in series. When the two cells are connected in opposition the balancing length is 4 m.
The ratio of the e. m. f. of two cells (El/E2) is-
a. 1:2
b. 2:1
c. 1:3
d. 3:1
48. For a freshly prepared cell, the value of internal resistance is generally low and goes on
increasing as the cell is put to more and more use. The potential difference between the two
electrodes of a cell in a closed circuit is called terminal potential difference and its value is
always less than the emf of the cell in a closed circuit. It can be written as V = E - Ir.

i). The terminal potential difference of two electrodes of a cell is equal to emf of the cell when
a. When I = 0
b. When r =0
c. Both a and b
d. None of these
ii). A cell of emf E and internal resistance r gives a current of 0.5 A with an external
resistance of 12 Omega and a current of 0.25 A with an external resistance of 25 Omega.
What is the value of internal resistance of the cell?

a. 1 ohm

62
 b. 1.5 ohm
c. 2 ohm
d. 2.5 ohm
iii). An external resistance R is connected to a cell of internal resistance r, the maximum
current flows in the external resistance, when
a. R = r
b. R > r
c. R < r
d. R = 1/r
iv). IF external resistance connected to a cell has been increased to 5 times, the potential
difference across the terminals of the cell increases from 10 V to 30 V. Then, the emf of the
cell is
a. 20 V
b. 30 V
c. 40 V
d. 50 V

ANSWER KEY (CURRENT ELECRICITY)

Q. No Answer Q. No Answer Q. No Answer Q. No Answer

1 A 15 A 29 B 43 A
2 A 16 B 30 A 44 D
3 A 17 B 31 A 45 C
4 A 18 A 32 C 46 i) C
5 B 19 A 33 B ii) B
6 A 20 B 34 A iii) A
7 B 21 A 35 A iv) D
8 A 22 B 36 C 47. i) B
9 B 23 B 37 A ii) B
10 A 24 A 38 A iii) B
11 B 25 C 39 A iv) A
12 A 26 C 40 C 48. i) C
13 C 27 B 41 B ii) A
14 A 28 A 42 C iii) C
iv) C

63
 Unit-III - Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism

Section A (MCQs)

1. Biot-Savart law indicates that the moving electrons (velocity v) produce a magnetic field B such
that:-
A. B ⊥ v.
B. B || v.
C. It obeys inverse cube law.
D. It is along the line joining the electron and point of observation.

2. If a charged particle moves through a magnetic field perpendicular to it

A. Both momentum and energy of particle change.
B. Momentum as well as energy are constant.
C. Energy is constant but momentum changes.
D. Momentum is constant but energy changes.

3. What happens to the magnetic field at the centre of a circular current carrying coil if we double the
radius of the coil keeping the current unchanged?
A. Halved
B. Doubled
C. Quadrupled
D. remains unchanged

4. Two solenoids having lengths L and 2L and the number of loops N and 4N, both have the same
current, then the ratio of the magnetic field will be
A. 1 : 2
B. 2 : 1
C. 1 : 4
D. 4 : 1

5. The maximum current that can be measured by a galvanometer of resistance 40 Ω is 10 mA. It is

converted into voltmeter that can read upto 50 V. The resistance to be connected in the series with
the galvanometer is
A. 2010 Ω
B. 4050 Ω
C. 5040 Ω
D. 4960 Ω

6. Which of the following is not a unit of magnetic induction?

A. Gauss
B. Tesla
C. Oersted
D. weber/metre²

7. A positive charge enters in a magnetic field and travels parallel to but opposite the field. If
experiences
A. an upward force.
B. a downward force.
C. an accelerated force.
D. no force.

8. A charged particle is moving on circular path with velocity v in a uniform magnetic field B, if the
velocity of the charged particle is doubled and strength of magnetic field is halved, then radius
becomes
A. 8 times
B. 4 times

64
 C. 2 times
D. 16 times

9. The gyro-magnetic ratio of an electron in an H-atom, according to Bohr model, is:-

A. Independent of which orbit it is in.
B. Neutral
C. Positive
D. Increases with the quantum number n.

10. In order to increase the sensitivity of a moving coil galvanometer,

A. The suspension wire should be made stiff.
B. The arc of the coil should be reduced.
C. The magnetic field should be increased.
D. The number of turns in the coil should be reduced.

11. A galvanometer may be converted into an ammeter or a voltmeter in which of the following cases,
the resistances of the device so obtained will be the largest?
A. Ammeter of range 1A
B. Ammeter of range 10A
C. Voltmeter of range 1V
D. Voltmeter of range 10V

12. Which device will have the least resistance?

A. Ammeter of range 1A
B. Ammeter of range 10A
C. Voltmeter of range 1V
D. Voltmeter of range 10V

13. What is the angle of dip at the magnetic poles?

A. 30°
B. 0°
C. 45°
D. None of these

14. Circular loop of radius 0.0157 m carries a current 2 A. The magnetic field at the centre of the loop
is :
A. 1.57 × 10-3Wb/m²
B. 8.0 × 10-5 Wb/m²
C. 2.0 × 10-3 Wb/m²
D. 3.l4 × 10-1 Wb/m²

15. A current carrying power line carries current from west to east. Then the direction of the magnetic
field 2 m above it is :
A. West to east
B. South to north
C. North to south
D. None of these

16. According to Ampere’s Circuital law

17. The force between two parallel current carrying conductors is F. If the current in each conductor is
doubled, then the force between them becomes:
(a) 4F
(b) 2F

65
 (c) F
(d) F/4

18. A wire of length 2 metre carries a current 1 ampere, is bent to form a circle. The magnetic moment
of the coil is :
(a) 2π
(b) π/2
(c) π/4
(d) 1/π

19. When charged particle enters-a uniform magnetic field, its K.E.:
(a) Remains constant
(b) Increases
(c) Decreases
(d) Becomes zero

20. A charge q moves in a region, where electric field E and magnetic field B both exist, then force on
it is :
(a) F = q(v ×B )
(b) F = q{E +(v × B )}
(c) F = q(E + (B × v )
(d) F = q(B + (E ×v )

21. The radius of the trajectory of a charged particle in a uniform magnetic field is proportional to the:
(a) Charge on the particle
(b) Energy of the particle
(c) Momentum of the particle
(d) All the above

22. The correct plot of the magnitude of magnetic field B v/s distance r from centre of the wire is, if
the radius of wire is R:-

23. In a moving coil galvanometer the deflection (Φ) on the scale by a pointer attached to the spring
is:-

24. The strength of the earth’s magnetic field is

(a) Constant everywhere.
(b) Zero everywhere.
(c) Having very high value.
(d) Vary from place to place on the earth’s surface.

25. Which of the following independent quantities is not used to specify the earth’s magnetic field?
(a) Magnetic declination (θ).
(b) Magnetic dip (δ).
(c) Horizontal component of earth’s field (BH).
(d) Vertical component of earth’s field (BV).

66
26. The vertical component of earth’s magnetic field at a place is √3 times the horizontal component
the value of angle of dip at this place is
(a) 30°
(b) 45°
(c) 60°
(d) 90°

27. S.I. unit of magnetic flux is:-

(a) Ohm
(b) Weber
(c) Tesla
(d) None

28. What is the angle of dip at a place where the horizontal component of earth’s magnetic field is
equal to the vertical component?
(a) 0°
(b) 30°
(c) 45°
(d) 90°

29. In a moving coil galvanometer, we use a radial magnetic field so that the galvanometer scale is:
(a) Exponential
(b) Linear
(c) Algebraic
(d) Logarithmic

30. The magnetic field of earth is due to:

(a) Induction effect of the sun
(b) The presence of a large magnet at the centre of the earth
(c) Interaction of cosmic rays with the current of earth
(d) Motion and distribution of some material in an outside the earth

Section B (Assertion-Reason Type Questions)

Instructions: These questions consist of two statements, each printed as Assertion (A) and
Reason(R). While answering these questions, you are required to choose any one of the
following four responses.

(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
(C) A is true but R is false
(D) A is false and R is true

1. Assertion A magnetic field interacts with a moving charge and not with a stationary
charge.
Reason A moving charge produce a magnetic field.

2. Assertion Electron moving perpendicular to B will perform circularmotion.

Reason Force by magnetic field isperpendicular to velocity.

3. Assertion A charge particle is released from rest in magnetic field, then it will move in a
circular path.
Reason Work done by magnetic field isnon-zero.

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4. Assertion If a moving charged particle enters into a region of magnetic field from outside,
it does not complete a circular path.
Reason Power associated with the force exerted by a magnetic field on a moving charged
particle is always equal to unity.

5. Assertion When a charged particle moves in a region of magnetic field such that its
velocity is at some acute angle with the direction of field, its trajectory isa helix.
Reason Perpendicular component of velocity causes a rotating centripetal force and
parallel component of velocitydoes not produces any force.

6. Assertion A beam of electron can passundeflected through a region of E and B.

Reason Force on moving charged particle due to magnetic field may be zero in some
cases.

7. Assertion If the path of a charged particle in a region of uniform electric and magnetic
field is not a circle, thenits kinetic energy may remain constant.
Reason In a combined electric and magnetic fields region, a moving charge
experiences a net force F = qE + q(v x B), where symbols have their usual meanings.

8. Assertion For a current carrying wire loop of N turns, placed in a region of a uniform
magnetic field B, the torque acting on it is given by m x B.
Reason Whenever the magnetic moment m is perpendicular to B, thentorque on the loop
will be zero.

9. Assertion The current sensitivity of a galvanometer is the deflection of current per unit
current passing through the coil.
Reason The galvanometer can be used as a detector to check, if a current is flowing in
the circuit.

10. Assertion If we increase the current sensitivity of a galvanometer by increasing number

of turns, its voltage sensitivity also increases.
Reason Resistance of a wire also increases with N.

11. Assertion (A): Magnetic field interacts with a moving charge only.
Reason (R): Moving charge produces a magnetic field.

12. Assertion (A): If an electron is not deflected when moving through a certain region of space, then
the only possibility is that no magnetic field is present in that region.
Reason (R): Force on electron is directly proportional to the strength of the magnetic field.

13. Assertion (A): An electron and a proton moving with same velocity enter in a magnetic field.
The force experienced by the proton is more than the force experienced by the electron.
Reason (R): The mass of proton is more than the mass of the electron.

14. Assertion (A): The magnetic field at the ends of a very long current carrying solenoid is half of
that at the centre.
Reason (R): Magnetic field within a sufficiently long solenoid is uniform.

15. Assertion (A): The magnetic field produced by a current carrying solenoid is independent of its
length and area of cross-section.

68
 Reason (R): Magnetic field within a very long solenoid is uniform.

16. Assertion (A): A direct current flowing through a metallic rod produces magnetic field both
inside and outside of the rod.
Reason (R): There is no flow of charge carrier inside the rod.

17. Assertion (A): In moving coil galvanometer, the coil is wound on a metallic frame.
Reason (R): The metallic frame helps in making steady deflection without oscillation.

18. Assertion (A): Galvanometer to ammeter conversion takes place by connecting a low value
resistance in parallel with it
Reason (R): The low value resistance increases the effective resistance and protects the
galvanometer

Section C (Case Study Based Questions)

1. Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the same:
TOROID
A toroid is a coil of insulated or enameled wire wound on a donut-shaped form made of
powdered iron. A toroid is used as an inductor in electronic circuits, especially at low
frequencies where comparatively large inductances are necessary.
A toroid has more inductance, for a given number of turns, than a solenoid with a core of the
same material and similar size. This makes it possible to construct high-inductance coils of
reasonable physical size and mass. Toroidal coils of a given inductance can carry more current
than solenoidal coils of similar size, because larger-diameter wires can be used, and the total
amount of wire is less, reducing the resistance.
In a toroid, all the magnetic flux is contained in the core material. This is because the core has
no ends from which flux might leak off. The confinement of the flux prevents external
magnetic fields from affecting the behaviour of the toroid, and also prevents the magnetic
field in the toroid from affecting other components in a circuit.
Standard toroidal transformers typically offer 95% efficiency, while standard laminated
transformers typically offer less than a 90% rating.
One of the most important differences between a toroidal transformer and a traditional
laminated transformer is the absence of gaps. The leakage flux through the gaps contributes to
the stray losses in the form of eddy currents (which is also expelled in the form of heat).
A toroidal core doesn’t have an air gap. The core is tightly wound. The result is a stable,
predictable toroidal core, free from discontinuities and holes.
Audible vibration or hum in transformers is caused by vibration of the windings and core
layers from the forces between the coil turns and core laminations. The toroidal
transformer’s construction helps quiet this noise.
In audio, or signal transmitting applications, unwarranted noise will affect sound quality, so a
transformer with low audible vibration is ideal. For this reason, many sound system engineers

69
 prefer to use a toroidal transformer instead of a traditional laminated transformer.
Q. 1. Toroid is a
(A) fixed value resistor.
(B) capacitor.
(C) inductor.
(D) variable resistor.

Q. 2. A toroid has inductance, for a given number of turns, than a solenoid with a core
of same material and similar size.
(A) same (B) more
(C) less (D) variable

Q. 3. Why inductance of solenoid is more than the inductance of a solenoid having same
number of turns, core of same material and similar size?
(A) Core is endless hence there no leakage of flux.
(B) Resistance of wire is less hence magnitude of current flow is more
(C) Number of turns per unit length is more.
(D) Both (A) and (B)

Q. 4. Why sound system engineers prefer to use toroidal transformer?

(A) It is cheaper.
(B) It is lighter
(C) It is compact
(D) It does not create vibration or hum.

Q. 5. Efficiency of toroidal transformer is around ………….. % which is …………. than

laminated core transformer.
(A) 95, lower
(B) 95, higher
(C) 50, lower
(D) 80, higher

2. Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the same:
Earth’s magnetism: Earth’s magnetic field is caused by a dynamo effect. The effect works
in the same way as a dynamo light on a bicycle. Magnets in the dynamo start spinning when
the bicycle is pedaled, creating an electric current. The electricity is then used to turn on the
light. This process also works in reverse. If you have a rotating electric current, it will create
a magnetic field. On Earth, flowing of liquid metal in the outer core of the planet generates
electric currents. The rotation of Earth on its axis causes these electric currents to form a
magnetic field which extends around the planet. The average magnetic field strength in the
Earth's outer core was measured to be 25 Gauss, 50 times stronger than the magnetic field at
the surface. The magnetic field is extremely important for sustaining life on Earth. Without
it, we would be exposed to high amounts of radiation from the Sun and our atmosphere
would be free to leak into space. This is likely what happened to the atmosphere on Mars. As
Mars doesn’t have flowing liquid metal in its core, it doesn’t produce the same dynamo effect.
This left the planet with a very weak magnetic field, allowing for its atmosphere to be
stripped away by solar winds, leaving it uninhabitable. Based upon the study of lava flows
throughout the world, it has been proposed that the Earth's magnetic field reverses at an
average interval of approximately 300,000 years. However, the last such event occurred some
780,000 years ago.

Q. 1. Which of the followings is the reason for Earth’s magnetism ?

70
 (A) Rotation of electric current
(B) Rotation of Earth
(C) Attraction due to other celestial bodies
(D) Solar flares

Q. 2. Electric current in the Earth’s body is generated due to:

(A) movement of charged particle in the atmosphere.
(B) flowing of liquid metal in the outer core.
(C) electric discharges during thunderstorm.
(D) its revolution round the Sun.

Q. 3. Which planet has no own magnetic field?

(A) Jupiter (B) Neptune (C) Mars (D) Mercury

Q. 4. Average magnetic field strength in the Earth's outer core is:

(A) 5 Gauss (B) 25 Gauss (C) 500 Gauss (D) Cannot be measured

Q. 5. Which of the following statements is true?

(A) Earth’s magnetic field is due to electric current induced in the ionosphere.
(B) The average magnetic field strength in the Earth's outer core is equal to the magnetic
field at the surface.
(C) Earth's magnetic field reverses at an average interval of approximately 3,00,000 years.
(D) Angle of dip is same at every point of the surface of Earth

Answers:

Section Question Answer Hints

No.
A 1 A
2 C
3 A
4 A
5 D
6 C
7 C
8 B
9 A
10 A
11 D
12 B
13 D
14 B
15 C
16 B
17 A
18 D
19 A
20 B
21 C
22 B
23 C
24 D

71
 25 D
26 C
27 B
28 C
29 B
30 D
B 1 B
2 A
3 D
4 C
5 A
6 B
7 B
8 C
9 B
10 C
11 Option (A) is Explanation: Current carrying wire creates magnetic
correct. field. This magnetic field has no effect on a stationary
charge. But when the charge also moves, it creates a
current. This current produces a magnetic field. Two
fields interact and the charge is deflected. So, the
assertion is true. Moving charge creates a current
which produces a magnetic field. So, the reason is also
true. Reason is the correct explanation of A.
12 Option (A) is Explanation: In absence of magnetic field, moving
correct. electron will not be deflected. This possibility is
true. So, assertion is true.
F = q(V× B) . force on electron is directly
proportional to the strength of the magnetic field. So,
reason is true. Reason properly explains the assertion.

13 Ans. Option (D) is Explanation: F = q(V×B)

correct Here the force is mass independent. So, assertion
is false.
Proton is obviously heavier than electron. So, reason is
true. But reason does not explain the assertion.
14 Option (B) is Explanation: Magnetic field inside a solenoid is B
correct. = µ0ni.
Magnetic field at the end of a solenoid is ½µ
0ni. So, the assertion is true.
Magnetic field within a sufficiently long solenoid is
uniform. So reason is also true. But it does not
explain the assertion.
15 Option (B) is correct Explanation: Magnetic field inside solenoid B =
µ0ni. It is independent of length and area of cross-
section. Hence the assertion is true.
Reason is also true. But it does not explain the
assertion.
16 Option (C) is correct Explanation: Charge carries flows through whole
cross-section. So, the filed exists both inside and
outside. So, the assertion is true and the reason is false
17 Option (A) is Explanation: Coil of a moving coil galvanometer is
correct. wound on a metal frame. So, the assertion is true. It is

72
 done to avoid any oscillation and fluctuating reading.
The metal frame provides damping to reduce the
oscillation so that the reading becomes steady. So the
reason is also true and properly explains the assertion
18 Option (C) is Explanation: Galvanometer to ammeter conversion
correct. takes place by connecting a low value resistance
known as “shunt” in parallel with it. The assertion
is true.
When two resistors are connected in parallel then
the effective resistance becomes lower than the
lowest value of the two resistors. Hence the reason
is false
C 1 (1) Option (C) is Explanation: A toroid is a coil of insulated or
correct. enamelled wire wound on a donut-shaped form
made of powdered iron. A toroid is used as an
inductor in electronic circuits
1 (2) Option (B) is correct Explanation: A toroid is a coil of insulated or
enamelled wire wound on a donut-shaped form
made of powdered iron. A toroid is used as an
inductor in electronic circuits
1 (3) Option (A) is correct Explanation: In a toroid, all the magnetic flux is
contained in the core material. This is because the
core has no ends from which flux might leak off
1 (4) (D) is correct Explanation : Audible vibration or hum in transformer
is caused by vibration of the windings and core layers
from the forces between the cau turns and core
laminations. The toroidal transformers construction
helps quite this noise. For this reason, many sound
system engineers prefer to use a torodial transformer
instead of a traditional laminated transformer
1 (5) Option (B) is Explanation : Standard toroidal transformers typically
correct. offer a 95% efficiency, while standard laminated
transformers typically offer less than a 90% rating
2 (1) Option (A) is correct Explanation: On Earth, flowing of liquid metal in
the outer core of the planet generates electric currents.
The rotation of Earth on its axis causes these electric
currents to form a magnetic field which extends
around the planet
2 (2) Option (A) is correct Explanation: On Earth, flowing of liquid metal in
the outer core of the planet generates electric currents
2 (3) Option (C) is correct Explanation: As Mars doesn’t have flowing liquid
metal in its core, it doesn’t produce dynamo effect.
So, it has very weak or almost no magnetic field
2 (4) Option (B) is correct Explanation: The average magnetic field strength in
the Earth's outer core was measured to be 25 Gauss
2 (5) Option (C) is correct Explanation: Based upon the study of lava flows
throughout the world, it has been proposed that the
Earth's magnetic field reverses at an average
interval of approximately 300,000 years

73
 UNIT IV
ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION AND ALTERNATING CURRENT

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. Oerested and Ampere found that moving electric charges produce-
a. Electric field
b. Magnetic field
c. Both a & b
d. Neither a nor b

2. The phenomenon in which the electric current is generated by varying magnetic fields is
appropriately called-
a. Electromagnetic wave
b. Electromagnetic flux
c. Electromagnetic induction
d. Displacement of insulator

3. Due to relative motion of a magnet with respect to a coil, an emf is induced in the Coil,
identify the principle involved-
a. Ampere’s circuital law
b. Faraday’s law
c. Gauss’s law
d. Biot-Savart law

4. In Faraday’s experiment on electromagnetic induction, more deflection will be shown by the

galvanometer, when-
a. Magnet is in uniform motion towards the coil
b. Magnet is in uniform motion away from the coil
c. Magnet is in accelerated motion towards the coil
d. Magnet is at rest near the coil

5. If both the number of turns and core length of an inductor is doubled keeping other factors
constant, then its self-inductance will be-
a. Unaffected
b. Doubled
c. Halved
d. Quadrupled

6. Oscillating metallic pendulum in a uniform magnetic field directed Perpendicular to the plane
of oscillation-
a. Slows down
b. Becomes faster
c. Remains unaffected
d. Oscillates with changing frequency

7. A metallic cylinder is held vertically and then or small magnet is dropped along its axis. It
will fall with-
a. acceleration a>g
b. acceleration a˂g
c. acceleration a=g

74
 d. constant velocity, a=0

8. A boat is moving due east in a region where earth’s magnetic field is 5.0 x 10 -5 NA-1m-1 due
north and horizontal. The boat carries a vertical aerial 2 m long. If the speed of the boat is 1.5
ms-1, the magnitude of the induced emf in the wire of aerial is-
a. 1 mV
b. 0.75 mV
c. 0.50 mV
d. 0.15 mV

9. A solenoid has 200 turns wound over a length of 0.30 m. The area of its cross-section is 1.2 x
10-3 m2. Around its central section, a coil of 300 turns is wound. If an initial current of 2 A in
the solenoid is reversed in 0.25 s, then the emf induced in the coil is-
a. 6 x 10-4 V
b. 4.8 x 10-3 V
c. 6 x 10-2 V
d. 4.8 x 10-2 V

10. A 50 mH coil carries a current of 2 A. The energy stored in it is-

a. 1 J
b. 0.1 J
c. 0.05 J
d. 0.5 J

11. A circular coil of diameter 21 cm is placed in a magnetic field of 10-4 T. The magnitude of the
flux linked with the coil when the plane of the coil makes an angle of 300 with the field is-
a. 1.44 x 10-6 Wb
b. 3.1 x 10-6 Wb
c. 1.732 x 10-6 Wb
d. 4.2 x 10-6 Wb

12. A varying magnetic flux linking a coil is given by ϕ = xt2. If at time t = 3s, the induced emf is
9 V, then the value of x is-
a. 0.66 Wbs-2
b. 1.5 Wbs-2
c. – 0.66 Wbs-2
d. – 1.5 Wbs-2

13. If the number of turns in a coil is doubled keeping other dimensions same, then its self-
inductance will become-
a. doubled
b. halved
c. four times
d. unchanged

14. An emf of 200V is induced in a circuit when current in the circuit falls from 5A to 0. A in 0.1
second. The self-inductance of the circuit is-
a. 4 H
b. 3.5 H
c. 3.9 H

75
 d. 4.2 H

15. The magnetic flux linked with a coil at any instant t is ϕ = (6t2 – 8t + 5) Wb, the emf induced
in the coil at t = 2 second is-
a. +16 V
b. +24 V
c. – 16 V
d. – 24 V

16. A conducting circular ring is placed in a uniform magnetic field B with its plane
perpendicular to the field. The radius of the ring starts shrinking at the rate (da/dt). Then
induced emf at the instant when the radius is ‘a’ is-
a. (πa2/2)2B(da/dt)
b. πaB(da/dt)
c. πa2(dB/dt)
d. 2πaB(da/dt)

17. The energy stored in coil carrying current I is U. If current is halved, then energy stored in the
coil will be-
a. U/2
b. U/4
c. 2U
d. 4U

18. A conducting square loop of side L and resistance R moves in its plane with a uniform
velocity v perpendicular to one of its sides. A magnetic induction B constant in time and
space, pointing perpendicular and into the plane of the loop exists everywhere. The current
induced in the loop is-

a. clockwise
b. anticlockwise
c. anticlockwise
d. Zero

19. A helicopter rises vertically with a speed of 100 ms-1. If the helicopter has length 10 m and
horizontal component of earth’s magnetic field is 5 x 10-3 Wbm-2, then the induced emf
between the tip of the nose and tail of the helicopter is-
a. 50 V
b. 0.5 V
c. 5 V
d. 25 V

76
20. The magnetic flux through a circuit of resistance R changes by an amount Δϕ in time Δt , then
the total quantity of electric charge Q, which passing during this time through any point of the
circuit is given by-
a. Q =
b. Q =
c. Q =
d. Q =

21. Lenz’s law is consequence of the law of conservation of-

a. Charge
b. Momentum
c. Mass
d. Energy

22. The north and south poles of two identical magnets approach a coil containing a capacitor,
with equal speeds from opposite sides, then-

a. Plate 1 will be negative and plate 2 positive

b. Plate 1 will be positive and plate 2 negative
c. Both the plates will be positive
d. Both the plates will be negative

23. The direction of induced current is such that it opposes the very cause that has produced it.
This is the law of-
a. Lenz
b. Faraday
c. Kirchhoff
d. Fleming

24. In a circuit with a coil of resistance 2 ohms, the magnetic flux changes from 2.0 Wb to 10.0
Wb in 0.2 second. The charge that flows in the coil during this time is-
a. 5.0 C
b. 1.0 C
c. 4.0 C
d. 0.8 C

25. A small piece of metal wire is dragged across the gap between the poles of a magnet in 0.4 s.
If change in magnetic flux in the wire is 8 × 10-4 Wb, then e.m.f. induced in the wire is-
a. 8 x 10-3 V
b. 6 x 10-3 V
c. 4 x 10-3 V
d. 2 x 10-3 V

77
 26. The current flowing from A to B is as shown in the figure. The direction of the induced
current in the loop is-
a. Clockwise
b. Anticlockwise
c. First clockwise then anticlockwise
d. No induced current

27. A solenoid is connected to a battery so that a steady current flows through it. If an iron core is
inserted into the solenoid, the current will-
a. Increase
b. Decrease
c. First increase then decrease
d. Remain same

28. A coil of 100 turns carries a current of 5 A and creates a magnetic flux of 10 -5 Tm2 per turn.
The value of its inductance L will be-
a. 0.05 mH
b. 0.10 mH
c. 0.15 mH
d. 0.20 mH

29. For a solenoid having a primary coil of N1 turns and a secondary coil of N2 turns, the
coefficient of mutual inductance is-
a. µ0µr
b.
c.
d.

30. The working of dynamo is based on the principle of-

a. Electromagnetic induction
b. Conversion of energy into electricity
c. Magnetic effects of current
d. Heating effects of current

ASSERTION-REASON TYPE QUESTIONS

31. Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Assertion (A): Magnetic flux and electric flux have same units
Reason (R): Flux passing through a surface does not give any idea about the field lines
crossing that surface.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false and R is also false.

32. Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)

78
 Assertion (A): A rectangular loop is placed near an infinitely long current carrying straight
wire. The magnetic field of the straight wire is non-uniform. Therefore, magnetic flux through
the loop can be obtained by integration.
Reason (R): No induced emf will be developed in the loop if current through straight wire is
constant.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false and R is also false.

33. Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Assertion (A): Two concentric conducting rings of different radii are placed in space. The
mutual inductance of both the rings is maximum if the rings are coplanar.
Reason (R): For two coaxial conducting rings of different radii, the magnitude of magnetic
flux in one ring due to current in other ring is maximum when both rings are coplanar.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false and R is also false.

34. Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Assertion (A): Only a charge in magnetic flux will maintain an induced current in the coil.
Reason (R): The presence of large magnetic flux through a coil maintain a current in the coil
if the circuit is not continuous.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false and R is also false.

35. Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Assertion (A): If a magnet is brought closer to a current carrying loop along its axis, current
always decreases in the loop.
Reason (R): Magnet is repelled by the loop.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false and R is also false.

36. Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Assertion (A): If current passing through a circular loop is doubled then magnetic flux linked
with the circular loop will also become two times.
Reason (R): No flux will link through the coil by its own current.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.

79
 d. A is false and R is also false.

37. Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Assertion (A): Mutual inductance of two coils depend on the distance between the coils and
their orientation.
Reason (R): It does not depend on the magnetic material filled between the coils.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false and R is also false.

38. Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Assertion (A): Inductance coils are made of copper.
Reason (R): Induced current is more in wire having less resistance.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false and R is also false.

39. Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Assertion (A): Magnetic flux linked to closed surface is zero.
Reason (R): Direction of induced current due to change of magnetic flux is given by
Faraday’s Law.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false and R is also false.

40. Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Assertion (A): The possibility of an electric bulb fusing is higher at the time of switching ON
and OFF.
Reason (R): Inductive effects produce a surge at the time of switch ON and OFF.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false and R is also false.

CASE STUDY BASED QUESTIONS

I. Read the following paragraph and answers the questions:

A bottle dynamo or sidewall dynamo is a small electrical generator for bicycles employed to
power a bicycle's lights. The traditional bottle dynamo is not actually a dynamo at all as
dynamo creates DC power, but a low-power bottle dynamo generates AC. Newer models can
include a rectifier to create DC output to charge batteries for electronic devices including
cellphones or GPS receivers. Named after their resemblance to bottles, these generators are
also called sidewall dynamos because they operate using a roller placed on the sidewall of a

80
 bicycle tire. When the bicycle is in motion and the dynamo roller is engaged, electricity is
generated as the tire spins the roller.

41. Why bottle dynamo is not a dynamo?

a. It generates DC only
b. It generates AC only
c. It looks like a bottle
d. It requires no fuel to operate

42. Can you recharge the battery of your mobile phone with the help of bottle dynamo?
a. Yes, always
b. No, never
c. Yes, when rectifier is used
d. Yes, when a transformer is used

43. Bottle dynamo generates electricity-

a. When fuel is filled in the bottle
b. When cycle is in motion
c. When wind blows
d. Always whether cycle is at rest or in motion

44. Bulb of bicycle glows-

a. With AC supply only
b. With DC supply only
c. With both AC and DC supply
d. Only when AC supply is rectified

45. Which one of the following is not an advantage of newer model of bottle dynamo?
a. Works intermittently when its roller slips on tyre
b. Small electronic gadgets can be charged
c. Requires no fuel
d. Used to power bicycle’s lights

II. Read the following paragraph and answers the questions:

Electromagnetic brakes use the drag force created by eddy currents as a brake to slow or stop
moving objects. Since there is no contact with a brake shoe or drum, there is no mechanical
wear. However, an eddy current brake cannot provide a "holding" torque and so may be used
in combination with mechanical brakes, for example, on overhead cranes. Another application
is on some roller coasters, where heavy copper plates extending from the car are moved
between pairs of very strong permanent magnets. Electrical resistance within the plates causes
a dragging effect analogous to friction, which dissipates the kinetic energy of the car. The
same technique is used in electromagnetic brakes in railroad cars and to quickly stop the
blades in power tools such as circular saws. Using electromagnets, as opposed to permanent
magnets, the strength of the magnetic field can be adjusted and so the magnitude of braking
effect changed.

46. Eddy current is produced in-

a. Wood
b. Glass
c. Plastic

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 d. Metal

47. Electromagnetic brakes use-

a. Magnetic force
b. Electric force
c. Drag force due to eddy currents
d. Friction force

48. A piece of wood and bar magnet of same dimension is dropped through an aluminium pipe,
then-
a. The piece of wood will take more time to come out of the pipe
b. The bar magnet will take more time to come out of the pipe
c. Both will take the same time to come out of the pipe
d. Piece of wood will come out but bar magnet will not come out of the pipe

49. The cause of production of eddy currents is-

a. The motion of a conductor in a varying magnetic field.
b. The motion of an insulator in a varying magnetic field.
c. Current flowing in a conductor
d. Current flowing in an insulator

50. Which of the following does not work on eddy currents?

a. Induction furnace
b. Electromagnetic Brakes
c. Speedometer
d. AC Generator

CHAPTER 7 – ALTERNATING CURRENT

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS:

51. The variation of the instantaneous current I(t) and the instantaneous emf E(t) in a circuit is as
shown in the following fig. Which of the following statements is correct?

a. The voltage lags behind the current by π/2

b. The voltage leads the current by π/2
c. The voltage and the current are in phase
d. The voltage leads the current by π

52. The figure shows variation of R, XL and XC with frequency f in a series L, C, R circuit. Then
for what frequency point, the circuit is inductive.

82
 a. A
b. B
c. C
d. A and B

53. High voltage transmission line is preferred as-

a. Its appliances are less costly
b. Thin power cables are required
c. Idle current very low
d. Power loss is very less

54. In series L-C-R circuit, quality factor can be improved by-

a. decreasing L
b. increasing C
c. decreasing R
d. increasing R & L

55. When ac- source is connected across series L-C-R combination, maximum power loss will
occur provided-
a. Current and voltage are in phase
b. Current from source is minimum
c. Inductance is minimum
d. Capacitance is maximum

56. In a purely resistive a.c. circuit, the current-

a. is in phase with the e.m.f.
b. leads the e.m.f. by a phase difference of π radians
c. leads the e.m.f. by a phase difference of π /2 radians
d. lags behind the e.m.f. by phase difference of π /4 radians

57. A capacitor of capacitance C has reactance X. If capacitance and frequency become double,
then the capacitive reactance will be -
a. 2X
b. 4X
c. X/2
d. X/4

58. Reactance of a capacitor of capacitance C for an alternating current of frequency 400/π Hz is

25Ω. The value of C is -
a. 25 µF
b. 50 µF
c. 75 µF
d. 100 µF

59. The core of a transformer is laminated, so as to-

a. make it light weight
b. make it robust and strong
c. reduce energy loss due to eddy current

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 d. increase the secondary voltage

60. The ratio of no. of turns of primary coil to secondary coil in a transformer is 2:3. If a source
of 60 V is connected across the primary coil, then voltage across the secondary coil will be -
a. 120 V
b. 90 V
c. 60 V
d. 30 V

61. In a transformer, the no. of turns of primary and secondary coil is 500 and 400 respectively. If
220 V is supplied to the primary coil, then ratio of currents in primary and secondary coils is -
a. 4:5
b. 5:4
c. 5:9
d. 9:5

62. Which quantity is decreased in a step-up transformer?

a. Current
b. Voltage
c. Power
d. Frequency

63. Which of the following statement is correct?

a. A capacitor can conduct a dc circuit but not an inductor.
b. In a dc circuit the inductor can conduct but not a capacitor.
c. In dc circuit both the inductor and capacitor cannot conduct.
d. The inductor has infinite resistance in a dc circuit.

64. What is the value of inductance L for which the current is maximum in a series LCR circuit
with C = 10 μF and ω = 1000 rad/s?
a. 1 mH
b. 10 mH
c. 100 mH
d. cannot be calculated unless R is known

65. A coil of self-inductance L is connected in series with a bulb B and an AC source. Brightness
of the bulb decreases when-
a. frequency of the ac source is decreased.
b. number of turns in the coil is reduced.
c. a capacitance of reactance XC = XL in included.
d. an iron rod is inserted in the coil.

66. In series LCR circuit, the phase angle between supply voltage and current is-
a.
b.

c.
d.

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67. The phase relationship between current and voltage in a pure inductive circuit is best
represented by-
a. c.

b. d.

68. Which of the following graphs represents the correct variation of inductive reactance X L with
frequency υ?
a. c.

b. d.

69. The primary winding of a transformer has 100 turns and its secondary winding has 200 turns.
The primary is connected to a supply of 120 V and the current flowing in it is 10 A. The
voltage and current in the secondary are-
a. 240 V, 5 A
b. 240 V, 10 A
c. 60 V, 20 A
d. 120 V, 20 A

70. In an AC circuit, V and I are given by V = 100 sin (100t) V and I = 100 sin(100t + ) mA.
The power dissipated in the circuit is-
a. 5 W
b. 2.5 W
c. 10 W
d. 104 W

71. In a series LCR circuit R = 300 Ω, L = 0.9 H, C = 2.0 µF and ω = 1000 rad/s. The impedance
of the circuit is-
a. 1300 Ω
b. 900 Ω
c. 500 Ω
d. 400 Ω

72. Alternating current cannot be measured by DC ammeter because-

85
 a. AC cannot pass through DC ammeter
b. AC changes direction
c. Average value of alternating current for complete cycle is zero
d. DC ammeter will get damaged

73. In an AC circuit the phase difference between current and emf is 450. The circuit contains-
I. An inductor
II. A resistor
III. A capacitor
Choose the correct option.
a. Only I
b. I and II
c. II and III
d. All I, II and III

74. The instantaneous voltage through a device of impedance 20 Ω is V = 80 sin (100πt). The
effective value of the current is-
a. 3.00 A
b. 2.83 A
c. 1.73 A
d. 4.00 A

75. Phasor is a ……A…….. which rotates about the origin with ……..B…….. Here, A and B
refer to-
a. Scalar, frequency
b. Vector, frequency
c. Scalar, angular velocity
d. Vector, angular velocity

76. Voltage and current in an AC circuit are given by V = 5 sin (100πt – π/6) and I = 4 sin (100πt
+ π/6).
a. Voltage leads the current by 300
b. Current leads the voltage by 300
c. Current leads the voltage by 600
d. Voltage leads the current by 600

77. Capacitive reactance is inversely proportional to-

a. frequency
b. capacitance
c. voltage
d. both a and b

78. At resonance, the impedance in a series LCR circuit is-

a. minimum
b. maximum
c. zero
d. infinity

79. The underlying principle of a transformer is-

a. resonance

86
 b. mutual induction
c. self induction
d. none of the above

80. With increase in frequency of an AC supply, the impedance of a series LCR circuit-
a. Remains same
b. Increases
c. Decreases
d. Decreases at first, becomes minimum and then increases

ASSERTION-REASON TYPE QUESTIONS

81. Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Assertion (A): Average value of current in half the cycle of an AC circuit can’t be zero
Reason (R): For positive half cycle average value of current is I0 where I0is the peak value of
current.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false and R is also false.

82. Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Assertion (A): Average power in an AC circuit is given by P = I2rmsR
Reason (R): In one full cycle net power is dissipated only along a resistor.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false and R is also false.

83. Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Assertion (A): If an inductor coil is connected to DC source and the current supplied by it is
I1. If the same coil is connected to an AC source of same voltage and current supplied by it is
I2. Then, I2 < I1
Reason (R): In an AC circuit, inductor coil offers more resistance.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false and R is also false.

84. Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Assertion (A): Inductive reactance of an inductor in DC circuit is zero.
Reason (R): Angular frequency of DC current is zero.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false and R is also false.

87
85. Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Assertion (A): In one complete cycle power is consumed only across a resistance in series
LCR circuit
Reason (R): Average power consumed across an inductor or a capacitor is zero.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false and R is also false.

86. Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Assertion (A): Capacitor blocks DC current as capacitive reactance for a DC current is
infinite.
Reason (R): Capacitive reactance is directly proportional to frequency
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false and R is also false.

87. Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Assertion (A): An AC doesn’t show any magnetic effect
Reason (R): AC doesn’t vary with time
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false and R is also false.

88. Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Assertion (A): At resonance, the current becomes minimum in a series LCR circuit.
Reason (R): At resonance, voltage and current are out of phase in a series LCR circuit.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false and R is also false.

89. Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Assertion (A): A transformer does not work on DC.
Reason (R): DC neither change direction nor magnitude.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false and R is also false.

90. Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Assertion (A): The dimension of L/R is same as of time.
Reason (R): Time constant (L/R) should be increased to reduce the rate of increase of current
through a solenoid.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
88
 a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false and R is also false.

CASE STUDY BASED QUESTIONS

III. Read the following paragraph and answers the questions:

Resonant circuits have a variety of applications, for example, in the tuning mechanism of a
radio or a TV set. The antenna of a radio accepts signals from many broadcasting stations.
The signals picked up in the antenna acts as a source in the tuning circuit of the radio, so the
circuit can be driven at many frequencies. But to hear one particular radio station, we tune the
radio. In tuning, we vary the capacitance of a capacitor in the tuning circuit such that the
resonant frequency of the circuit becomes nearly equal to the frequency of the radio signal
received. When this happens, the amplitude of the current with the frequency of the signal of
the particular radio station in the circuit is maximum.
91. Which phenomenon is involved in tuning a radio set to a particular radio station?
a. Stabilization
b. Rectification
c. Resonance
d. Reflection
92. Resonance may occur in-
a. LC circuit
b. RC circuit
c. RL circuit
d. Circuit having resistor only
93. Resonance frequency is equal to-
a. 1/LC
b. 1/√LC
c. L/C
d. C/L
94. Resonance occurs only when-
a. XC = R
b. XL = R
c. XL = XC
d. XL > XC
95. To tune to a particular radio station, what needs to be varied?
a. capacitance
b. resistance
c. voltage
d. current

IV. Read the following paragraph and answers the questions:

For many purposes, it is necessary to change (or transform) an alternating voltage from one to
another of greater or smaller value. This is done with a device called transformer using the
principle of mutual induction.
A transformer consists of two sets of coils, insulated from each other. They are wound on a
soft-iron core, either one on top of the other or on separate limbs of the core. One of the coils
called the primary coil has Np

89
 turns. The other coil is called the secondary coil; it has Ns turns. Often the primary coil is the
input coil
and the secondary coil is the output coil of the transformer.
When an alternating voltage is applied to the primary, the resulting current produces an
alternating magnetic flux which links the secondary and induces an emf in it. The value of this
emf depends on the number of
turns in the secondary.

96. Which of the following statement is true for long distance transmission of electricity?
a. Step-down transformer is used at generating station and step-up transformer is used at
destination substation.
b. Step-down transformers are used at generating station and destination substation.
c. Step-up transformers are used at generating station and destination substation.
d. None of the above

97. What increases in step-down transformer?

a. current
b. voltage
c. current density
d. power

98. Quantity that remains unchanged in a transformer is-

a. voltage
b. frequency
c. current
d. none of the above

99. If the transformer is assumed to be 100% efficient (on energy losses), then-
a. The power input is less than the power output
b. The power output is less than the power input
c. The power input is equal to the power output
d. None of the above

100.Thick wires are used for windings in transformer to-

a. Maximize resistance
b. Maximize heat loss
c. Maximize voltage
d. Minimize resistance

Answer Key

1 B 11 C 21 D 31 D 41 B 51 B 61 A 71 C 81 B 91 C
2 C 12 D 22 B 32 B 42 C 52 C 62 A 72 C 82 A 92 A
3 B 13 C 23 A 33 A 43 B 53 D 63 B 73 D 83 A 93 B
4 C 14 A 24 C 34 D 44 C 54 C 64 C 74 B 84 A 94 C
5 B 15 C 25 D 35 B 45 A 55 A 65 D 75 D 85 A 95 A
6 A 16 D 26 A 36 C 46 D 56 A 66 C 76 C 86 C 96 D
7 B 17 B 27 B 37 A 47 C 57 D 67 A 77 D 87 D 97 A
8 D 18 D 28 D 38 A 48 B 58 D 68 C 78 A 88 D 98 B
9 D 19 C 29 C 39 C 49 A 59 C 69 A 79 B 89 A 99 C
10 B 20 B 30 A 40 A 50 D 60 B 70 B 80 D 90 B 100 D

90
 NAVODAYA VIDYALAYA SAMITI , JAIPUR REGION
(TERM -1) EXAMINATION
CLASS -12 SUBJECT - PHYSICS
Time : 90 Minutes Max. Marks : 35

General Instructions:
1. The Question Paper contains three sections.
2. Section A has 25 questions. Attempt any 20 questions.
3. Section B has 24 questions. Attempt any20 questions.
4. Section C has 6 questions. Attempt any 5 questions.
5. All questions carry equal marks.
6. There is no negative marking.

SECTION -A
This section consists of 25 multiple choice questions with overall choice to attempt any 20 questions.
In case more than desirable number of questions is attempted, ONLY first 20 will be considered for
evaluation.

Q 1. What is the angle between electric field and equipotential surface?

(a) 90° always (c) 00 to 90°

(b) 0o always (d) 00 to 180°

Q 2. If 0 over a surface, then

(a) the electric field inside the surface and on it is zero

(b) the electric field inside the surface is necessarily uniform

(c) all charges must necessarily be outside the surface

(d) all of these.

Q 3. Which of the following statements about dipole moment is not true?

(a) The dimensions of dipole moment is [L T A].

(b) The unit of dipole moment is C m.

(c) Dipole moment is vector quantity and directed from negative to positive charge.

(d) Dipole moment is a scalar quantity and has magnitude charge equal to the potential of separation
between charge.

Q 4. The equivalent capacitance for the network shown in the figure is

91
(a) pF (b) pF

(c) pF (d) pF

Q 5. Two point charges of + 3 μC and + 4 μC repel each other with a force of 10 N. If each is
given an additional charge of -6 µC, the new force is

(a) 2 N (b) 4 N

(c) 5 N (d) 7.5 N

Q 6.Two infinite plane parallel sheets, separated by a distance d have equal and opposite
uniform charge densities σ . Electric field at a point between the sheets is

(a) σ/2o (b) σ/o

(c) zero (d) depends on the location of the point

Q 7. If dielectric constant and dielectric strength be denoted by K and X respectively, then a

material suitable for use as a dielectric in a capacitor must have

(a) high K and high X (c) low K and high X

(b) high K and low X (d) low K and low X

Q 8. The internal resistance of a cell

(a) always acts in the cell in open circuit

(b) acts only in closed circuit and it reduces the EMF

(c) acts only in closed circuit and it reduces the current

(d) none of these.

Q 9. The ratio of masses of three wires is 1:2:3 and that of their lengths is 3:2:1. If the wires are
made of same material, the ratio of their resistances will be

(a) 1:1:1 (b) 1:2:3

(c) 9:4:1 (d) 27:6:1

Q 10. Choose the correct statement :

(a) when we heat a semiconductor, its resistance increases

(b) when we heat a semiconductor, its resistance decreases

(c) when we cool a semiconductor to 0 K, then it becomes a superconductor

(d) resistance of a semiconductor is independent of temperature

Q 11. We use alloys for making standard resistors because they have ( Take help of given table )

92
(a) Low , Low (c) High , Low

(b) High , High (d) Low , High

Q 12. A constant voltage is applied between the two ends of a uniform metallic wire, heat 'H' is
developed in it. If another wire of the same material, double the radius and twice the length as
compared to original wire is used then the heat developed in it will be

(a) H/2 (b) 4H

(c) 2H (d) H

Q 13. For which of the following dependences of drift velocity Vd on electric field E, is Ohm's
law obeyed?
(a) Vd ᾳ E (b) Vd ᾳ E 2

(c) ) Vd ᾳ √E (d) ) Vd ᾳ 1/ E

Q 14. Equivalent resistance (in ohm) of the given network is

(a) 28 (c) 26

(b) 18 (d) 25

Q 15. The magnetic force on a point charge is F = q (v × B) The dimensions of B are Here
q=electric charge
v = velocity of point charge
B = magnetic field
(a) [MLT-1A] (b) [M²LT-2A-1]

(c) [MT-2A-1] (d) none of these.

Q 16. If number of turns in moving galvanometer becomes half, then the deflection for the same
current will become
(a) same (c) double

(b) half (d) four times

Q 17. A circular coil of 300 turns and diameter 14 cm carries a current of 15 A. The magnitude
of magnetic moment associated with the loop is-

93
(a) 51.7 JT-1 (b) 69.2 JT-1

(c) 38.6 JT-1 (d) 19.5 JT-1

Q 18. Which of the following independent quantities is not used to specify the earth's magnetic
field?
(a) Magnetic declination (θ).

(b) Magnetic dip (δ).

(c) Horizontal component of earth's field (BH).

(d) Vertical component of earth's field (By).

Q 19 . Let the magnetic field on earth be modelled by that of a point magnetic dipole at the
centre of earth. The angle of dip at a point on the geographical equator is

(a) always zero (b) positive, negative or zero

(c) unbounded (d) always negative

Q 20 . Two solenoids A and B are coaxially placed as shown in the figure below:

The radii of inner and outer solenoids are R₁ and R₂ rent respectively and the number of turns per unit
length are N₁ and N₂ respectively. Consider a length l of each solenoid, calculate the mutual
inductance between them.

(a) M = μO N1N2πR12 l (c) M = μO N1N2πR12R22 l

(b) ) M = μO N1N2π/R1R2 (d) M = μO N1N2π (R12 /R22) l

Q 21. As shown in the figure, a metal rod makes contact with a partial circuit and completes the
circuit. The circuit area is perpendicular to a magnetic field with B=0.15 T. If the resistance of
the total circuit is 3 Ω ,the force needed to move the rod as indicated with a constant speed of
2ms-1 will be equal to

(a) 3.75 x 10-3 N (b) 2.75 x 10-3 N

(c) 6.57 x 10-4 N (d) 4.36 x 10-4 N

Q 22. The magnetic flux linked with the coil varies with The time as ϕ = 3t2 + 4t + 9 . The
magnitude of the induced will be emf at t = 2s is
(a) 9 V (b) 16 V
(c) 3 V (d) 4 V

94
Q 23. The voltage across a pure inductor is represented in figure. Which one of the following
curves in the figure will represent the current ?

(a) A (b) B
(c) C (d) D

Q 24. In the inductive circuit given in the figure, the current rises after the switch is closed. At
instant, when the current is 25 mA, then potential difference across the inductor will be

(a) 60 V (b) 240 V

(c) 180 V (d) zero

Q 25. The instantaneous values of emf and the current in a series ac circuit are E = Eo Sin ωt
and I= lo sin (ωt+ π/3) respectively, then it is

(a) Necessarily a RL circuit (b) Necessarily a RC circuit

(c) Necessarily a LCR circuit (d) Can be RC or LCR circuit

SECTION - B
This section consists of 24 multiple choice questions with overall choice to attempt any 20 questions.
In case more than desirable number of questions are attempted, ONLY first 20 will be considered for
evaluation.

Q 26. The electric charges are distributed in a small volume. The flux of the electric field
through a spherical surface of radius 10 cm surrounding the total charge is 20 V m. The flux
over a concentric sphere of radius 20 cm will be
(a) 20 V m (c) 40 V m
(b) 25 V m (d) 200 V m

95
Q 27. Two large thin metal plates are parallel and close to each other. On their inner faces, the
plates have surface charge densities of opposite signs and magnitude 27x 10-22 C m-2. The
electric field E in region II in between the plates is

(a) 4.25 x 10-8 NC-1 (c) 3.05 × 10-10 NC-1

(b) 6.28 x 10-10 NC-1 (d) 5.03 × 10-10 NC-1

Q 28. A conducting sphere is negatively charged. Which of the following statements is true?

(a) The charge is uniformly distributed throughout the entire volume.

(b) The charge is located at the centre of the sphere.

(c) The charge is located at the bottom of the sphere because of gravity.

(d) The charge is uniformly distributed on the surface of the sphere.

Q 29. The variation of electrostatic potential V and the electrostatic field E with distance r from a
point charge q is correctly shown by graphs

(a ) A (b) B (c) C (d ) D

Q 30. A parallel plate capacitor without any dielectric within its plates, has a capacitance C, and
is connected to a battery of emf V. The battery is disconnected and the plates of the capacitor
are pulled apart until the separation between the plates is doubled. What is the work done by
the agent pulling the plates apart, in this process?

(a ) CV²/2 (b) 3CV²/2

(b) - 3CV²/2 (d) CV²

96
Q 31. The core of a transformer is laminated to reduce

(a) flux leakage (b) hysteresis

(c) copper loss (d) eddy current

Q 32. To reduce the resonant frequency in an LCR series circuit with a generator

(a) the generator frequency should be reduced.

(b) another capacitor should be added in parallel to the first.
(c) the iron core of the inductor should be removed.
(d) dielectric in the capacitor should be removed.

Q 33. Which of the following statements is true about the relation between electric field and
potential?
(a) Electric field is in the direction in which the potential decreases steepest

(b) Magnitude of electric field is given by the change in the magnitude of potential per unit
displacement normal to the equipotential surface at that point.

(c) In the region of strong electric field, equipotential surfaces are far apart.

(d) Both the statements (a) and (b) are correct.

Q 34. Which of the following characteristics of electrons determines the current in a conductor?
(A) Drift velocity alone
(B) Thermal velocity alone

(C) Both drift velocity and thermal velocity

(D) Neither drift nor thermal velocity.

Q 35. Three resistors 2 Ω, 4 Ω and 5 Ω are combined in parallel. This combination is connected
to a battery of emf 20 V and negligible internal resistance. The total current drawn from the
battery is
(a) 10 A (b) 15 A

(c) 19 A (d) 23 A

Q 36. A cell of emf Ɛ & and internal resistance r is connected across an external resistance R.
The graph showing the variation of P.D. across R versus R is

(a ) A (b) B (c) C (d ) D
97
Q 37. 3 V potentiometer used for the determination of internal resistance of a 2.4 V cell. The
balance point of the cell in open circuit is 75.8 cm. When a resistor of 10.2 Ω is used in the
external circuit of the cell the balance point shifts to 68.3 cm length of the potentiometer wire.
The internal resistance of the cell is

(a) 2.5 Ω (b) 2.25 Ω

(c) 1.12 Ω (d) 3.2 Ω

Q 38. The current sensitivity of a moving coil galvanometer increases by 20% when its
resistance is increased by a factor 2. Calculate by what factor does the voltage sensitivity
change?
(a) decrease by 10% (b) increased by 50%

(c) increased by 10% (d) decrease by 40%

Q 39. Three long straight parallel wires are kept as shown in Figure given below . The wire (3)
carries a current I. The direction of flow of current I in wire (3), is such that the net force, on
wire (1), due to other two wires, is zero . What will be the directions of current I. Also obtain the
relation between the magnitudes of current I2 and I.

(a) Downwards , I = 2 I2 (c) Upwards , I2 = I

(b) Downwards , I2 = 4 I (d) Upwards , I = I2

Q 40. An electron in a helium atom is revolving in the first orbit with a speed of 4.5 x 10 6 m/s. If
radius of orbit is 0.26 Å, what is the magnetic moment of the electron ?

(a) 10.3 x 10 29 A m2 (b) 5.34 x 10 -15A m2

(c) 9.36 x 10 -24 A m2 (d) 3.29 x 10 -15A m2

Q 41. A solenoid of 200 turns is wound over a length of 0.3 m. The area of cross section is 1.2 x
10-3 m². Around its central section, a coil of 300 turns is closely wound. If an initial current of 2
A is reversed in 0.25 s, find the e.m.f. induced in the coil.

98
(a) 0.37 V (b) 0.048 V
(c ) 0.029 V (d) 0.099 V

Q 42. The power factor of the circuit as shown in figure is

(a) 0.2 (b) 0.4

(c) 0.8 (d) 0.6

Q 43. Two coils A and B are separated by a certain distance. If a current of 4 A flows through
A, a magnetic flux of 10-3 Wb passes through B (no current through B). If no current passes
through A and a current of 2 A passes through B, then the flux through A is
(a) 5 x 10-3 Wb (c) 5 x 104 Wb
(b) 4x 104 Wb (d) 2x 10-3 Wb

Q 44. The self inductance of a long solenoid cannot be increased by

(a) increasing its area of cross section
(b) decreasing its length
(c) increasing the current through it
(d) increasing the number of turns in it

Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Q 45. Assertion (A): Voltmeter is connected in parallel with the circuit.
Reason (R): Resistance of a voltmeter is very large.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
(i) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(ii) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(iii) A is true but R is false..
(iv) A is false and R is also false.

Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Q 46. Assertion (A): No work is done in taking a positive charge from one point to other inside a
positively charged metallic sphere while outside the sphere work is done in taking the charge
toward the sphere.
Reason (R) : Inside the sphere electric potential is same at each potential, but outside it is
different for different points.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
(i) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(ii) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(iii) A is true but R is false..
(iv) A is false and R is also false.

99
Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Q 47. Assertion (A): A compass needle when placed on the magnetic north pole of the earth
rotates in vertical direction.
Reason (R): The earth has only horizontal component of its magnetic field at the north poles.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
(i) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(ii) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(iii) A is true but R is false..
(iv) A is false and R is also false.

Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Q 48. Assertion (A): An electron and proton enters a magnetic field with equal velocities, then,
the force experienced by proton will be more than electron.
Reason (R): The mass of proton is 1999 times more than the mass of electron.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
(i) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(ii) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(iii) A is true but R is false..
(iv) A is false and R is also false.

Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Q 49. Assertion (A): The sensitivity of a moving coil galvanometer is increased by placing a
suitable magnetic material as a core inside the coil.
Reason (R): Soft iron has a high magnetic permeability and cannot be easily magnetized or
demagnetized.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
(i) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(ii) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(iii) A is true but R is false..
(iv) A is false and R is also false.

SECTION - C

This section consists of 6 multiple choice questions with an overall choice to attempt any 5. In case
more than desirable number of questions are attempted, ONLY first 5 will be considered for
evaluation.

Q 50. A charged ball B hangs from a silk thread S, which makes an angle θ with a large charged
conducting sheet P as shown in the figure. The surface charge density of the sheet is
proportional to

(a) Cos θ (b) cot θ

(c) sin θ (d) tan θ

100
Q 51. Two protons A and B are placed between two parallel plates having a potential difference
V, as shown in Figure given below Will these protons experience the equal or unequal force ?

Which of the following statements is true?

I. The force on the proton A is greater than the force on the proton B.
II. The potential energy of the proton A is greater than that of the proton B.
III. The force on both proton are same.

(i) I only (ii) III only

(iii) III and I only (iv)II and I only

CASE STUDY :
Read the following paragraph and answers the questions:
The magnetic field lines of the earth resemble that of a hypothetical magnetic dipole located at the
centre of the earth. The axis of the dipole We do not is presently tilted by approximately 11.3° with
respect to the axis of rotation of the earth. The pole near the geographic North pole of the earth is
called the North magnetic pole and the pole near the geographic South pole is called South magnetic
pole.

Q 52. A bar magnet is placed North-South with its North-pole due North. The points of zero
magnetic field will be in which direction from centre of magnet?

(a) North-South (c) North-East and South-West

(b) East-West (d) None of these.

101
Q 53. The value of angle of dip is zero at the magnetic equator because on it

(a) V and H are equal

(b) the values of V and H zero
(c) the value of V is zero
(d) the value of H is zero.

Q 54.The angle of dip at a certain place, where the horizontal and vertical components of the
earth's magnetic field are equal, is

(a) 30° (b) 90°

(c) 60° (d) 45°

Q 55. At a place, angle of dip is 30°. If horizontal component of earth's magnetic field is H, then
the total intensity of magnetic field will be

(a) (b)

(c) H (d) 2H

Answer Key

NAVODAYA VIDYALAYA SAMITI , JAIPUR REGION

(TERM -1) EXAMINATION
CLASS -12 SUBJECT - PHYSICS
ANSWER KEY

SECTION -A

ANS .-1 (a) 90° always

ANS . -2 (c) all charges must necessarily be outside the surface

ANS .-3 (d) Dipole moment is a scalar quantity and has magnitude charge equal to the potential of
separation between charge.

ANS .-4 (a) pF

( HINT:- Capacitance of C₁ = C4 = 100 pF

Capacitance of C₂ = C3 = 400 pF ,
Supply voltage, V = 400V Capacitors C₂ and C, are connected in series, Equivalent capacitance

102
C' = 1/400 + 1/400 = 2/400
or C' = 200pF
Capacitors C₁ and C' are in parallel Their equivalent capacitance
C" = C'+C₁=200+100=300 pF
Capacitors C" and C, are connected in series
1 Equivalent capacitance Сеg = 1/ 300 + 1/ 400
Ceq =1200/ 7 PF )

ANS .-5 (d) 7.5 N

ANS.- 6 (b) σ/o

ANS.-7 (a) high K and high X

ANS.-8 (c) acts only in closed circuit and it reduces the current

ANS.- 9 (d) 27:6:1

( HINT :- )

ANS. -10 (b) when we heat a semiconductor, its resistance decreases

ANS. -11 (d) Low , High

( HINT :- (d) For making standard resistors, alloy of high resistivity and low temperature
coefficient should be used.)

ANS.-12 (c ) 2H

103
(HINT)

ANS.-13. (a) Vd ᾳ E

ANS.- 14 (b) ( HINT :- Between points A & B all resistors are combined in series
R eq = 3 Ω + 4 Ω + 5 Ω + 6 Ω = 18 Ω )
ANS.-15 (c) [MT-2A-1]

ANS.-16 (b) half

( HINT:- (b) ø = I , ø ᾳN
When the number of turns becomes half, the deflection for the same current will also become halfthe
original deflection. )

ANS.-17 (b) 69.2 JT-1

( HINT :- N = 300 , I = 15 A , r = 7 cm = 7 x 10-2 m
M = NIA = NI × πr2 = 300 x 15 x 3.14 × (7 × 10-2)2 = 69.2 JT-1 )

ANS.-18 ( d) Vertical component of earth's field (By).

ANS.-19 (b) positive, negative or zero

ANS.-20 (a) M = μO N1N2πR12 l

ANS.-21. (a) 3.75 x 10-3 N

(HINT :- (a): The emf induced in the rod causes a current to flow anticlockwise direction in the
circuit. Because of this current in the rod, it experiences a force to the left due to the magnetic field. In
order to pull the rod to the right with constant speed, this force must be balanced by the puller. The
emf induced in the rod is
|ε| = Blv = (0.15 T) (0.5 m) (2 m s-1) = 0.15 V
Current induced in the rod is I =|ε| /R = 0.15 V/ 3 Ω = 0.05 A
F = IlBsin90° = (0.05 A)(0.5 m)(0.15 T)(1)
= 3.75 × 10-3N )

ANS.-22 (b) 16 V
(HINT :- ϕ = 3t2 + 4t + 9
ϕ
|ε|= = 6t+4 , At t= 2s , |ε|= 6 x 2 + 4 = 16 V )

ANS.-23 (d) D
( HINT :- In an inductive ac circuit, current lags behind the voltage by π/2 radians. )

104
ANS.-24 (b) 240 V
( HINT :- VR= √(Veff² - VR²) = √260²-100² = 240 V )

ANS.-25 (d) Can be RC or LCR circuit

SECTION -B

ANS.-26 (a) 20 V m

(HINT :- The flux through a closed surface depends only on the enclosed charge and is
independent of size and shape of the surface.)

ANS.-27 (c) 3.05 × 10-10 NC-1

(HINT:- The value of E in the region II, in between the plates
σ / ƐO = 27 x 10-22/ 8.85×10-12 =3.05×10-10 NC-1

ANS.-28 (d) The charge is uniformly distributed on the surface of the sphere.

ANS.-29 (b) B (HINT:- For a point charge ,

V ᾳ 1/ r and E ᾳ 1/ r 2)

ANS.-30 (a ) CV²/2

ANS.-31 (d) eddy current

ANS.-32 (b) another capacitor should be added in parallel to the first.

ANS.-33 (d) Both the statements (a) and (b) are correct.

105
ANS.-34 (A) Drift velocity alone
( HINT:- As we know that, I = AneVd So current, Ι α Vd
And, current (I) also depend on n, the number of free electrons which increases on increasing
temperature which makes more collision between electrons and increases resistance or decrease
current. )

ANS.-35 (c) 19 A

HINT:-

ANS.-36 (a ) A ( HINT :- V = IR = R= E 1+ R As R increases, V also increases.

When R → 0, V = 0 When R→∞ , V = E )
ANS.-37 (c) 1.12 Ω
( HINT :- Internal resistance of cell r = R ( -1)
l₂ = 68.3 cm or R = 10.2 Ω l1 = 75.8 cm
r = 1.12 Ω )

ANS.-38 (d) decrease by 40%

(HINT :-

ANS.- 39 (a) Downwards , I = 2 I2

106
 ( HINT :- The net force on wire (1) well be zero if the force on wire (1) due to wire (2) is
equal and opposite to the force on wire (1) due to wire (3). It is so when current direction in wire (3) is
downwards. Then =
I = 2 I2

ANS.- 40 (c) 9.36 x 10 -24 A m2

( HINT :-

ANS.- 41 (b) 0.048 V

( HINT:- )

ANS.- 42 (c) 0.8

(HINT:-

ANS.- 43 (c) 5 x 104 Wb

( HINT :-

ANS.- 44 (c) increasing the current through it

107
ANS.- 45. (i) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

ANS.- 46 (i) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
( HINT:- Inside the charged metallic sphere every point is at the same electric potential, hence
W=q V = 0. But outside the sphere, there exists a potential gradient at every point, hence W = 0.)

ANS.- 47 (iv) A is false and R is also false.

( HINT:- The earth has only vertical component of its magnetic field at the magnetic poles. Since
compass needle is only free to rotate in horizontal plane. At north pole the vertical component of
earth's field will exert torque on the magnetic needle so as to align it along its direction. As the
compass needle cannot rotate in vertical plane, it will rest horizontally, when placed on the magnetic
north pole of the earth.)

ANS.-48. (iv) A is false and R is also false.

( HINT :- The force experienced by a charge particle in a magnetic field is given by ,F = q (v × B)
which is independent of mass. As q, v and B are same for both the electron and proton, hence both
will experience same force.)

ANS.-49 (iii) A is true but R is false.

(HINT :- When a core of soft iron is placed inside the coil of a moving coil galvanometer,
it increases B and the sensitivity of the galvanometer due to its high permeability )

SECTION -C
ANS.-50 (d) tan θ

HINT :-

ANS.-51 (ii) III only

( HINT:- The electric field is uniform in the space between the two plates. Hence the protons A and B
will experience equal force.

ANS.-52 (b) East-West

ANS.- 53 (c) the value of V is zero

ANS. -54 (d) 45°

ANS. -55

108
 NAVODAYA VIDYALAYA SAMITI , JAIPUR REGION
(TERM -1) EXAMINATION
CLASS -12
SUBJECT - PHYSICS
Time: 90 Minutes MM : 35

General Instructions:
1. The Question Paper contains three sections.
2. Section A has 25 questions. Attempt any 20 questions.
3. Section B has 24 questions. Attempt any20 questions.
4. Section C has 6 questions. Attempt any 5 questions.
5. All questions carry equal marks.
6. There is no negative marking.

SECTION –A

This section consists of 25 multiple choice questions with overall choice to attempt any 20
questions. In case more than desirable number of questions are attempted, Only first 20 will be
considered for evaluation.

1. The magnitude of electric force, F is

(A) directly proportional to the multiplication of both charges.
(B) directly proportional to the distance between both charges.
(C) directly proportional to the square of the distance between both charges.
(D) constant.
2. A point charge +q, is placed at a distance d from an isolated conducting plane. The field
at a point P on the other side of the plane is
(A) directed perpendicular to the plane and away from the plane.
(B) directed perpendicular to the plane but towards the plane.
(C) directed radially away from the point charge.
(D) directed radially towards the point charge.
3. The force between two charges 0.06 mapart is 5 N. If each charge is moved
towards each other by 0.04 m, then theforce between them will become
(a) 7.20 N
(b) 11.25 N
( c ) 22.50 N
( d) 45 .00 N
4. The electric field lines of a negatively charged particle are
a. radial and outwards
b. radial and i nwar d.
c. circular and anticlockwise
d.circular and clockwise

5. A charge Q is placed at the centre of the line joining two point charges +q and +q as shown in
the figure. The ratio of charges Q and q is

(a) 4
(b) 1/4
(c) -4
(d) -1/4

6. The SI unit of electric flux is

(a) N C-1 m-2
109
 (b) N C m-2
(c) N C-2 m2
(d) N C-1 m2

7. In a parallel plate capacitor, the capacity increases if

(a) area of the plate is decreased.
(b) distance between the plates increases.
(c) area of the plate is increased.
(d) dielectric constantly decreases.

8. Two spherical conductors each of capacity C are charged to potential V and -V. These are
then connected by means of a fine wire. The loss of energy is
(a) zero
(b) 1/2CV2
(c) CV2
(d) 2 CV2

9. Two capacitors of capacitance 6 µF and 4 µF are put in series across a 120 V battery. What is
the potential difference across the 4 µF capacitor?
(a) 72 V
(b) 60 V
(c) 48 V
(d) zero

10. A capacitor is connected to a cell of emf E having some internal resistance r, the potential
across the:
(a) cell is < E
(b) cell is E
(b) cell is > E
(d) capacitor is E

11. A dielectric is placed in between the two parallel plates of a capacitor as shown in the figure.
The dielectric constant of the dielectric being K. If the initial capacity is C, then the new
capacity will be:

(a) (K + l).C
(b) K.C
(c) (K+1)/2 C
(d) (k – l) C

12. In a Wheatstone bridge if the battery and galvanometer are interchanged then the deflection in
galvanometer will
(a) change in previous direction
(b) not change
(c) change in opposite direction
(d) none of these

13. In a potentiometer of 10 wires, the balance point is obtained on the 7th wire. To shift the
balance point to 9th wire, we should
(a) decrease resistance in the main circuit.
(b) increase resistance in the main circuit.
(c) decrease resistance in series with the cell whose emf is to be measured.
(d) increase resistance in series with the cell whose emf is to be determined.

14. The resistivity of alloy manganin is

(a) Nearly independent of temperature

110
 (b) Increases rapidly with increase in temperature
(c) Decreases with increase in temperature
(d) Increases rapidly with decrease in temperature

15. Drift velocity of electrons is due to

(a) motion of conduction electrons due to random collisions.
(b) motion of conduction electrons due to electric field E
(c) repulsion to the conduction electrons due to inner electrons of ions.
(d) collision of conduction electrons with each other.

16. The relaxation time in conductors

(a) increases with the increases of temperature
(b) decreases with the increases of temperature
(c) it does not depends on temperature
(d) all of sudden changes at 400 K

17. Kirchhoff’s first and second laws for electrical circuits are consequences of:
(a) conservation of energy
(b) conservation of electrical charge and energy respectively
(c) conservation of electric charge
(d) neither conservation of energy nor electric charge

18. A charged particle is moving on circular path with velocity v in a uniform magnetic field B, if
the velocity of the charged particle is doubled and strength of magnetic field is halved, then
radius becomes
(a) 8 times
(b) 4 times
(c) 2 times
(d) 16 times

19. A current loop placed in a non-uniform magnetic field experiences

(a) a force of repulsion.
(b) a force of attraction.
(c) a torque but not force.
(d) a force and a torque.

20. The gyro-magnetic ratio of an electron in an H-atom, according to Bohr model, is

(a) independent of which orbit it is in.
(b) neutral
(c) positive
(d) increases with the quantum number n.

21. A positive charge enters in a magnetic field and travels parallel to but opposite the field. If
experiences
(a) an upward force.
(b) a downward force.
(c) an accelerated force.
(d) no force.

22. Circular loop of radius 0.0157 m carries a current 2 A. The magnetic field at the centre of the
loop is:
(a) 1.57 × 10-3Wb/m²
(b) 8.0 × 10-5 Wb/m²
(c) 2.0 × 10-3 Wb/m²
(d) 3.l4 × 10-1 Wb/m²

23. The force between two parallel current carrying conductors is F. If the current in each
conductor is doubled, then the force between them becomes :

111
 (a) 4F
(b) 2F
(c) F
(d) F/4

24. A circular of radius R carries a current I. The magnetic field at its centre is B. At what
distance from the centre on the axis of the coil, the magnetic field will be B/8?
(a) √2R
(b) √3R
(c) 2R
(d) 3R

25. Which of the following independent quantities is not used to specify the earth’s magnetic
field?
(a) Magnetic declination (θ).
(b) Magnetic dip (δ).
(c) Horizontal component of earth’s field (BH).
(d) Vertical component of earth’s field (BV).

SECTION - B

This section consists of 24 multiple choice questions with overall choice to attempt any 20
questions. In case more than desirable number of questions are attempted, ONLY first 20 will be
considered for evaluation.

26. The magnetic field of earth is due to:

(a) induction effect of the sun
(b) the presence of a large magnet at the centre of the earth
(c) interaction of cosmic rays with the current of earth
(d) motion and distribution of some material in an outside the earth

27. The dimensional representation of magnetic flux density is :

(a) [MLT-2]
(b) [MLT-2A-1]
(c) [MLT-2A-2]
(d) [MT-2A-1]

28. The magnetic field at the centre of a current carrying circular loop is B. If the radius of the
loop is doubled keeping the current unchanged, the magnetic field at the centre of loop will
become:
(a) /2
(b) /4
(c) 2B
(d) 4B

29. According to Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction

(a) electric field is produced by time varying magnetic flux.
(b) magnetic field is produced by time varying electric flux.
(c) magnetic field is associated with a moving charge.
(d) None of these

30. The self inductance of a coil is a measure of

(a) electrical inertia
(b) electrical friction
(c) induced e.m.f.
(d) induced current

112
31. Lenz’s law is a consequence of the law of conservation of
(a) charge
(b) mass
(c) energy
(d) momentum

32. When current in a coil changes from 5 A to 2 A in 0.1 s, average voltage of 50 V is produced.
The self-inductance of the coil is
(a) 1.67 H
(b) 6 H
(c) 3 H
(d) 0.67 H

33. Two identical coaxial coils P and Q carrying equal amount of current in the same direction
are brought nearer. The current in
(a) P increases while in Q decreases
(b) Q increases while in P decreases
(c) both P and Q increases
(d) both P and Q decreases

34. Identify the wrong statement.

(a) Eddy currents are produced in a steady magnetic field.
(b) Eddy currents can be minimized by using laminated core.
(c) Induction furnace uses eddy current to produce heat.
(d) Eddy current can be used to produce braking force in moving trains.

35. A transformer is used to light 100 W and 110 V lamp from a 220 V mains. If the main current
is 0.5 A. Then the efficiency of the transformer is:
(a) 11%
(b) 50%
(c) 80%
(d) 90%

36. Two coils of self inductance 2 mil and 8 mil are placed so close together that the effective
flux in one coil is completely linked with other. The mutual inductance between these coils is:
(a) 4 mH
(b) 16 mH
(c) 10 mH
(d) 6 mH

37. A.C. power is transmitted from a power house at a high voltage as

(a) the rate of transmission is faster at high voltages
(b) it is more economical due to less power loss
(c) power cannot be transmitted at low voltages
(d) a precaution against theft of transmission lines

38. In which of the following circuits the maximum power dissipation is observed?
(a) Pure capacitive circuit (b) Pure inductive circuit
(c) Pure resistive circuit (d) None of these

39. When an ac voltage of 220 V is applied to the capacitor C, then

(a) the maximum voltage between plates is 220 V.
(b) the current is in phase with the applied voltage.
(c) the charge on the plate is not in phase with the applied voltage.
(d) power delivered to the capacitor per cycle is zero.

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40. In LCR circuit if resistance increases quality factor
(a) increases finitely
(b) decreases finitely
(c) remains constant
(d) None of these

41. What is the ratio of inductive and capacitance reactances in an ac circuit?

(a) 1
(b) ω²L
(c) ω²LC
(d) l

42. In series resonant circuit:

(a) reactance is zero
(b) current is zero
(c) voltage is zero
(d) None of these

43. Transformer works on the principle of:

(a) convertor
(b) invertor
(c) mutual induction
(d) self-induction

44. Which quantity is increased in a step-down transformer?

(a) Current
(b) Voltage
(c) Power
(d) Frequency

45. Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Assertion : A larger dry cell has higher emf.
Reason : The emf of a dry cell is proportional to its size.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
(i) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(ii) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(iii) A is true but R is false.
(iv) A is false and R is also false.

46. Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Assertion : The magnetic field produced by a current carrying solenoid is independent of its
length and cross-sectional area.
Reason : The magnetic field inside the solenoid is uniform.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
(i) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(ii) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(iii) A is true but R is false.
(iv) A is false and R is also false.

47. Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Assertion: To convert a galvanometer into an ammeter a small resistance is connected in
parallel with it.
Reason: The small resistance increases the combined resistance of the combination.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
(i) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

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 (ii) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(iii) A is true but R is false.
(iv) A is false and R is also false.

48. Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Assertion : A capacitor is connected to a direct current source. Its reactance is infinite.
Reason : Reactance of a capacitor is given by χc = 1/ωC.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
(i) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(ii) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(iii) A is true but R is false.
(iv) A is false and R is also false.

49. Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Assertion : A laminated core is used in transformers to increase eddy currents.
Reason: The efficiency of a transformer increases with increase in eddy currents.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
(i) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(ii) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(iii) A is true but R is false.
(iv) A is false and R is also false.

SECTION –C

This section consists of 6 multiple choice questions with an overall choice to attempt any 5. In case
more than desirable number of questions are attempted, ONLY first 5 will be considered for
evaluation.

50. The current flows from A to B is as shown in the figure. The direction of the induced
current in the loop is

(a) clockwise.
(b) anticlockwise.
(c) straight line.
(d) no induced e.m.f. produced.

51. Four charges are arranged at the comers of a square ABCD, as shown. The force on the
charge kept at the centre O is

(a) zero
(b) along the diagonal AC
(c) along the diagonal BD
(d) perpendicular to side AB

CASE STUDY
Read the following paragraph and answers the questions:
When an insulator is placed in an external field, the dipoles become aligned. Induced surface charges
on the insulator establish a polarization field Ēi in its interior. The net field Ē in the insulator is the
vector sum of Ē, and Ēi as shown in the figure.

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 On the application of external electric field, the effect of aligning the electric dipoles in the
insulator is called
polarisation and the field Ē; is known as the polarisation field.
The dipole moment per unit volume of the dielectric is known as polarisation (P).
For linear isotropic dielectrics, P =χE, where χ = electrical susceptibility of the dielectric medium.

52. Which among the following is an example of polar molecule?

(a) O₂
(b) H
(c) N2
(d) HCI

53. When air is replaced by a dielectric medium of constant K, the maximum force of attraction
between two charges separated by a distance
(a) increases K times
(b) remains unchanged
(c) decreases K times
(d) increases 2K times.

54. Which of the following is a dielectric?

(a) Copper
(b) Glass
(c) Antimony (Sb)
(d) None of these

55. For a polar molecule, which of the following statements is true ?

(a) The centre of gravity of electrons and protons coincide.
(b) The centre of gravity of electrons and protons do not coincide.
(c) The charge distribution is always symmetrical.
(d) The dipole moment is always zero.

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 NAVODAYA VIDYALAYA SAMITI, JAIPUR REGION
(TERM -1) EXAMINATION
CLASS -12
SUBJECT – PHYSICS
Marking Scheme
Question
Section Answer Hint
No.
Explanation: The magnitude of the electric force F is directly
proportional to the amount of an electric charge, q1, multiplied
1 A
by the other, q2, and inversely proportional to the square of the
distance ‘r’ between their centres
Explanation: When you place a positive charge near a
conducting plane, then electric field lines from positive
charges will enter into the conducting plane (from the side
2 A where positive charge is kept) and emerge from opposite side
of the plane.
In both cases, the direction of electric field lines will always be
perpendicular to the surface of the plane.
3 B
4 B
5 D
6 D
7 C
8 C
9 A
10 B
11 C
12 B
A 13 D
14 A
Explanation:
Motion of conduction electrons due to random collisions has no
15 B preffered direction and average to zero. Drift velocity is caused
due to motion of conduction electrons due to applied electric
field E.
Explanation:
16 B Because as temperature increases, the resistivity increases and
hence the relaxation time decreases for conductors
17 B
18 B
In non-uniform magnetic field, current loop experiences an
19 D
unequal opposite force which forms torque.
The gyro-magnetic ratio is given by μl=−(e/2m)*L,L = Angular
20 A
momentum of electron
Force of repulsion by wire D and G on wire C is equal and
21 C
opposite
22 B
23 A
24 B
25 D
26 D
27 D
B
28 B
29 A Farady’s law states that time varying magnetic flux can induce

117
 an e.m.f.
30 A
31 C
32 A
33 D
34 A
35 D
36 C
37 B
38 C
39 D
40 B
41 C
42 D
43 C
Explaination: (a) In a step-down transformer current increases
44 A
and voltage decreases
45 D
46 B
47 C
48 A
Large eddy currents are produced in non-laminated iron core of
the transformer by the induced emf, as the resistance of bulk
iron core is very small. By using thin iron sheets as core the
49 D resistance is increased. Laminating the core substantially
reduces the eddy currents. Eddy current heats up the core of the
transformer. More the eddy currents greater is the loss of energy
and the efficiency goes down.
By lenz’s law, the induced current must produce inward flux to
50 A counter magnetic flux of AB. So induced current is clockwise in
the loop.
Place a unit positive charge at O. Resultant force due to the
51 C charges placed at A and C is zero and resultant charge due to B
and D is towards D along the diagonal BD.
Explanation: In polar molecules the centre of positive and
C negative charges are separated even when there is no external
52 D
field. Such molecule are have a permanent dipole moment. Ionic
molecule like HCl is an example of polar molecule.
Explanation: As F’=F/K, Therefore the maximum force
53 C
decreases by K times
54 B
Explanation: A polar molecule is one in which the centre of
55 B
gravity for positive and negative charges are separated.

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 Navodaya Vidyalaya Samiti, Jaipur Region
Sample Question Paper
Term 1 Examination
Class – XII Subject – Physics
Time: 90 Minutes Max. Marks: 35

General Instructions:
1. The Question Paper contains three sections.
2. Section A has 25 questions. Attempt any 20 questions.
3. Section B has 24 questions. Attempt any 20 questions.
4. Section C has 6 questions. Attempt any 5 questions.
5. All questions carry equal marks.
6. There is no negative marking.

SECTION A
This section consists of 25 multiple choice questions with overall choice to attempt any 20
questions. In case more than desirable number of questions are attempted, ONLY first 20 will
be considered for evaluation.

1. A point charge + 10 μC is at a distance 5 cm directly above the centre of a square of side 10

cm, as shown in figure. What is the magnitude of the electric flux through the square?
a. Zero
b. 1.8 x 102 Nm2C-1
c. 1.8 x 104 Nm2C-1
d. 1.8 x 105 Nm2C-1

2. When the charge of a body becomes half, the electric field becomes-
a. half
b. twice
c. thrice
d. no change

3. A force of 4N is acting between two charges in air. If the space between them is completely
filled with glass (relative permittivity = 8), then the new force will be-
a. 2 N
b. 5 N
c. 0.2 N
d. 0.5 N

4. Electric field lines provide information about-

a. Field strength
b. Direction of force
c. Nature of charge
d. All of the above

5. If an electron is brought towards another electron, the electric potential energy of the system-
a. Remains same
b. Increases
c. Decreases
d. Becomes zero

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6. A charge ‘Q’ is supplied to a hollow metallic conductor. Which of the following is true?
a. Electric field inside it is same as on the surface
b. Electric potential inside is zero
c. Electric potential inside it is constant
d. Electric potential on the surface is zero

7. A, B & C are three points in a uniform electric field. The electric potential is-
a. Maximum at C
b. Same at all the three points A, B & C
c. Maximum at A
d. Maximum at B

8. A cell of emf 8V with small finite internal resistance is charged with the help of an external
battery. Terminal Potential drop across the cell while charging would be-
a. Greater than 8 V
b. Less than 8 V
c. Zero
d. Equal to 8 V

9. When a resistor x is kept in the left gap and y in the right gap of a meter bridge, balancing
length is found to be l cm. what resistance is to be placed in the left gap to have the same
balancing length l cm on placing x in the right gap?
a. x2/y
b. x2y
c. y2/x
d. y2x

10. The best instrument for accurate measurement of EMF of a cell is-
a. metre bridge
b. Potentiometer
c. Voltmeter
d. ammeter and voltmeter

11. Name the physical quantity that is conserved in Kirchhoff’s loop rule-
a. Charge
b. mass
c. Energy
d. Momentum

12. A cell of emf 5V and internal resistance 1 Ω is connected across a heating element of
resistance 9 Ω, find the amount of heat lost in one second is -
a. 2.25 Watt
b. 2.25 Joule
c. 2.5 Watt
d. 2.5 Joule

13. A parallel plate capacitor is charged by a battery. Once it is charged battery is removed. Now
a dielectric material is inserted between the plates of the capacitor, which of the following
does not change?

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 a. electric field between the plates
b. potential difference across the plates
c. charge on the plates
d. energy stored in the capacitor

14. Four capacitors, each of 2 μF, are connected as shown. What will be the equivalent capacitor
across the points A, B?
a. 0.5 μF
b. 2 μF
c. 8 μF
d. 4 μF

15. An electron is projected with uniform velocity along the axis of a current carrying long
Solenoid. Which of the following is true?
a. The electron will be accelerated along the axis.
b. The electron path will be circular about the axis.
c. The electron will experience a force at 45° to the axis and hence execute a helical path.
d. The electron will continue to move with uniform velocity along the axis of the solenoid.

16. The coil of a moving coil galvanometer is wound over a metal frame in order to-
a. Reduce hysteresis
b. increase sensitivity
c. Increase moment of inertia
d. provide electromagnetic damping

17. Two α-particles have the ratio of their velocities as 3:2 on entering the field. If they move in
different circular paths, then the ratio of the radii of their paths is -
a. 3:2
b. 2:3
c. 4:9
d. 9:4

18. When is the angle of dip at a place equal to 450?

a. When the vertical and horizontal components of earth’s magnetic field are equal
b. When the vertical component is twice the horizontal component of earth’s magnetic field
c. When the vertical component is half the horizontal component of earth’s magnetic field
d. When either the vertical component or the horizontal components of earth’s magnetic
field is equal to zero

19. The expression for magnetic moment of revolving electron is-

a. evr/2
b. (eh/4πm)n
c. (e/2m)L
d. All of the above

20. Which of the following does not use the application of eddy current?
a. Electric power meters
b. Induction furnace
c. LED lights
d. Magnetic brakes in trains

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21. Lenz’s law is consequence of the law of conservation of-
a. Charge
b. Momentum
c. Mass
d. Energy

22. In the given figure current from A to B in the straight wire is increasing. The direction of the
induced current in the loop is -
a. clockwise.
b. anticlockwise.
c. straight line.
d. no induced e.m.f. produced

23. The given figure shows the variation of V and I vs ωt for a circuit element connected to A.C
mains. Name the circuit element.
a. Resistor
b. Capacitor
c. Inductor
d. Transformer

24. In a series LCR Series circuit, the voltages across Inductor, capacitor and Resistances are
20V, 20V, 40V respectively. The phase difference between the supplied voltage and current
in the circuit is-
a. 300
b. 600
c. 900
d. 00

25. A capacitor offers an infinite capacitive impedance for -

a. AC
b. DC
c. Both AC and DC
d. Neither AC nor DC

SECTION B
This section consists of 24 multiple choice questions with overall choice to attempt any 20
questions. In case more than desirable number of questions are attempted, ONLY first 20
will be considered for evaluation.

26. If inside a surface, that means-

a. There is no net charge present inside the surface
b. Uniform electric field inside the surface
c. Discontinues field lines inside the surface
d. Charge present inside the surface

27. For a point charge, the graph between electric field versus distance is given by-

122
28. What will be the value of electric field at the centre of the electric dipole?
a. Zero
b. Equal to the electric field due to one charge at centre
c. Twice the electric field due to one charge at centre
d. Half the value of electric field due to one charge at centre

29. A dipole is placed parallel to electric field. If W is the work done in rotating the dipole from
0° to 60°, then work done in rotating it from 0° to 180° is-
a.
b. 2W
c. 3W
d. 4W

30. The variation potential V with r & electric field with r for a point charge is correctly shown in
the graphs.

31. Three capacitors of capacitances 1µf, 2µF & 3µF are connected in series and a potential
difference of 11V is applied across the combination them the potential difference across the
plates of 1µF capacitor is-
a. 6 V
b. 4 V
c. 2 V
d. 1 V

32. We use alloy for making of resistors, because they have-

Temp. coefficicent Resistivity
a. Low Low
b. High High
c. High Low
d. Low High

33. For a cell of emf 2V, a balance is obtained for 50 cm of the potentiometer wire. If the cell is
shunted by a 2 Ω resistor and the balance is obtained across 40 cm of the wire, then the
internal resistance of the cell is-
a. 2.5 Ω
b. 1.2 Ω
c. 1 Ω
d. 0.5 Ω

123
34. In a metre bridge experiment, resistance box (with R = 2 Ω) is connected in the left gap and
the unknown resistance S in the right gap. If balancing length be 40 cm, calculate value of S.
a. 2 Ω
b. 3 Ω
c. 4 Ω
d. 5 Ω

35. In a certain region of space, electric field E and magnetic field B are perpendicular to each
other. An electron enters perpendicularly to both the fields and moves undeflected. The
velocity of electron is-
a. E x B
b. E . B
c. E/B
d. B/E

36. To convert a moving coil galvanometer into an ammeter of given range, we must connect-
a. A suitable low resistance in series
b. A suitable low resistance in parallel
c. A suitable high resistance in parallel
d. A suitable high resistance in series

37. A wire in the form of a circular loop, of one turn carrying a current, produces magnetic
induction B at the centre. If the same wire is looped into a coil of two turns and carries the
same current, the new value of magnetic induction at the centre is-
a. B
b. 2B
c. 4B
d. 8B

38. The angle between Magnetic meridian and the geographic meridian is known as-
a. Angle of dip
b. magnetic field inclination
c. Magnetic field declination
d. angle of magnetism

39. Which of the following statements is not correct?

a. Whenever the amount of magnetic flux linked with a circuit changes, an emf is induced in
circuit.
b. The induced emf lasts so long as the change in magnetic flux continues.
c. The direction of induced emf is given by Lenz’s law.
d. Lenz’s law is a consequence of the law of conservation of momentum.

40. For a cell, the potential difference is 3.6 V, when the circuit is open. If the potential difference
reduces to 3V, when cell is connected to a resistance of 5Ω, the internal resistance of cell is-
a. 1 Ω
b. 2 Ω
c. 4 Ω
d. 8 Ω

124
41. A metallic rod of length ' L' is rotated with a angular frequency of ' ω ' , with one end hinged
at the centre and the other end at the circumference of circular metallic ring of radius 'R’,
about an axis passing through the centre and perpendicular to the plane of the ring as shown
in the figure. A constant and uniform magnetic field 'B' parallel to the axis is present
everywhere. What is the emf between the centre and the metallic ring?

a. (BωR )/2
b. ( Bω2R )/2
c. ( BωR2)/2
d. ( B2ωR)/2

42. A cylindrical bar magnet is rotated about its axis (Figure). A wire is connected from the axis
and is made to touch the cylindrical surface through a contact. Then-

a. A direct current flow in the ammeter A.

b. No current flows through the ammeter A.
c. An alternating sinusoidal current flow through the ammeter A with a time period T = 2πω
d. A time varying non-sinusoidal current flows through the ammeter

43. The graphs given below depict the dependence of two reactive impedances X 1 and X2 on the
frequency of the alternating e.m.f. applied individually to them. We can then say that-

a. X1 is an inductor and X2 is a capacitor

b. X1 is a resistor and X2 is a capacitor
c. X1 is a capacitor and X2 is an inductor
d. X1 is an inductor and X2 is a resistor

44. High Voltage transmission line is preferred as-

125
 a. its electric appliances are less costly
b. Thin power cables are required
c. Idle current is low
d. Power losses is low

45. In a pure capacitive circuit if the frequency of ac source is doubled, then its capacitive
reactance will be-
a. doubled
b. halved
c. remain same
d. zero

46. Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Assertion (A): Two concentric charged shells are given. The potential difference between the
shells depends on charge of inner shell.
Reason (R): Potential due to charge of outer shell remains same at every point inside the
sphere.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false and R is also false.

47. Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Assertion (A): The voltage sensitivity may not necessarily increase on increasing the current
sensitivity.
Reason (R): Current sensitivity increases on increasing the number of turns of the coil.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false and R is also false.

48. Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Assertion (A): If a proton and an α-particle enter a uniform magnetic field perpendicularly
with the same speed, the time period of revolution of α-particle is double than that of proton.
Reason (R): In a magnetic field, the period of revolution of a charged particle is directly
proportional to the mass of the particle and inversely proportional to the charge of the
particle.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false and R is also false.

49. Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
Assertion (A): An electron projected parallel to the direction of magnetic force will
experience maximum force.
Reason (R): Magnetic force on a charge particle is given by F = (IL x B)
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

126
 a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false and R is also false.

SECTION C
This section consists of 6 multiple choice questions with overall choice to attempt any 5
questions. In case more than desirable number of questions are attempted, ONLY first 5 will
be considered for evaluation.

50. Electric field lines contracts lengthwise. It shows-

a. Repulsion between same charges
b. Attraction between apposite charges
c. No relation between force & contraction.
d. Electric field lines does not moves on straight path

51. Electric field is always-

a. Parallel to equipotential surface
b. Perpendicular to equipotential surface
c. It can be perpendicular and parallel as well
d. It does not depends on distribution of charge

CASE STUDY:
Read the following paragraph and answers the questions:
Metal detectors are useful for finding metal inclusions hidden within objects, or metal objects
buried underground. They often consist of a handheld unit with a sensor probe which can be swept
over the ground or other objects. Another common type are stationary “walk through” metal
detectors. At an airport, a person is made to walk through the doorway of a metal detector, for
security reasons. If she/he is carrying anything made of metal, the metal detector emits a sound.
When you walk through a metal detector, you are, in fact, walking through a coil of many turns.
The coil is connected to a capacitor tuned so that the circuit is in resonance. When you walk
through with metal in your pocket, the impedance of the circuit changes – resulting in significant
change in current in the circuit. This change in current is detected and the electronic circuitry
causes a sound to be emitted as an alarm.

52. At resonance, the impedance of the circuit is-

a. Maximum
b. Minimum
c. Zero
d. Depends on the frequency of circuit

53. As the frequency of an ac circuit increases, the current first increases and then decreases.
What combination of circuit elements is most likely to comprise the circuit?
a. Only resistor
b. Resistor and inductor
c. Resistor and capacitor
d. Resistor, inductor and capacitor

127
54. Resonance in series LCR circuit is also used in tuning mechanism of TV sets. Which of the
following combinations should be selected for better tuning of an L-C-R circuit used for
communication?
a. R = 20 Ω, L = 1.5 H, C = 35μF
b. R = 25 Ω, L = 2.5 H, C = 45 μF
c. R=15Ω, L = 3.5H, C = 30 μF
d. R = 25 Ω, L = 1.5 H, C = 45 µF

55. In an AC circuit consisting of a coil and a bulb how will the brightness of the bulb change if
the frequency of source is increased.
a. No change
b. Increases
c. Decreases
d. First decreases then increases

Answer Key

1 D 11 C 21 D 31 A 41 C 51 B
2 A 12 B 22 A 32 A 42 A 52 B
3 D 13 C 23 C 33 D 43 C 53 D
4 D 14 C 24 D 34 B 44 D 54 C
5 B 15 D 25 B 35 C 45 B 55 C
6 C 16 D 26 A 36 B 46 A
7 D 17 A 27 B 37 C 47 B
8 A 18 A 28 C 38 C 48 A
9 A 19 D 29 D 39 D 49 D
10 B 20 C 30 B 40 A 50 B

128