Working Drawings II ASE 454

TYPES OF

Presented to:
DR. Hesham Mamoun.
DR. Mohamed Rafik.

Presented From:
Ahmed Mohamed 190031
jOINTS Mohamed Khaled 190501
Kareem Ehab 191279
TABLE OF CONTENTS:

01 02
settlement joints Expansion Joint:

03 04 05
Construction Joints ARCHITECTURAL JOINTS References
 Settlement
joints
Definition: The deformation joints are set to prevent uneven
settlement of the building due to the different bearing capacity of the
foundation or the large difference in load of each part of the building,
resulting in the destruction of the building.
Reasons settlement joints are required:

1 2 3

When the building is built When the foundation When the height difference
on different foundations form, width and depth of between adjacent parts of the
burial of the adjacent same building is large
parts of the same (generally more than 10 m).
building.
The principle of installation:
When setting up settlement joints, the
foundation, walls, floors and roofs of the
building must be disconnected in the vertical
direction, so that each part can form an
independent rigidity unit that can settle freely.
How to install the settlement joints:

1. Determine the thickness of to settlement

joints.

2.Fill this void with materials that are flexible

and resistant to water and moisture factors
 NOTE
When installing the settlement joints, they
should start from the foundation of the building
until the construction process to avoid any
leakage of water resulting from rain.
CASE STUDY:
As an example of an unsuccessful
foundation design when constructing a
building adjoining an existing structure,
one can cite the five-story brick
residential building constructed in 1959
at 57 Shevchenko Boulevard, corner of
Vozdukhoflotsk Prospect, Kiev, using
reinforced concrete piles. The piles
penetrated through a highly peaty soil 3
to 4 a~ thick located at a depth of 5 to 6
m, and were driven ] to 2 m into the
underlying sand deposit. In 1961, a
similar residential building was erected
adjacent to it, its foundation comprising
a continuous ribbed slab
 Expansion
joint:
Definition: Expansion joints are separations between structures,
simply gaps, to allow them to move and reduce stresses that may
occur. Often, these gaps are filled with an Expansion Joint System to
fill in the void to ensure walkability, a complete building enclosure,
waterproofing, and general serviceability of the structure.
Reasons that expansion joints are required:

1 2 3

Structure Size / Length. Fire Separation. Thermal Movement.

Types of connections:

01 02

Floor-to-floor. Floor-to-wall.

03 04

Wall-to-wall. Ceiling-to-ceiling.

05 06

Roof-to-roof. Ceiling-to-wall.
Joint Locations:
Precautions to follow:

The size of the gap should be as small as possible to fit the design movement, and the
size of the expansion joint system needs to accommodate the full range of expected
movements. For example, a gap may grow and shrink seasonally due to temperature
changes; the joint system needs to stretch to fill the widest opening but it also must not
buckle when the system closes to its smallest size. Expansion joint systems also may
need cover or protect fire-stopping systems.
DO AND DOnot
 Construction
Joints:
Definition: It is the meeting point of modern concrete with old
concrete in concrete structures.
Reasons for installing Construction Joints:

The size of the

concrete quantity is so
large that it is difficult
to pour it all at once. Lack of labor.

01 03

02 04
Sudden malfunctions Bad weather.
in casting equipment.
Some notes regarding Construction Joints:

01
Construction Joints do not have a thickness
like the rest of the joints, and therefore
materials to fill the joints are not used.
02
Construction joints are considered weak
03
points in the concrete parts, so their It is possible to use materials such as
locations must be chosen very carefully epoxy materials to paint the old
so that their impact on the concrete concrete surfaces to help them bond
members is minimal.
04 with the new concrete.

When Construction joints are made, the old

concrete surfaces must be prepared by
roughening them, then cleaning them, then
spraying them with water, and then pouring
new concrete over them.
Requirements for implementing
Construction joints:

1. The separator must be perpendicular to the

internal forces acting.

2. The joints in the beams and slabs must be at the

points of inflection of the bending moments or at
the locations of the minimum values of the shear
forces exceeding the pillars.

3. The distance between the separator position in the

main beams and the anchorage of the secondary
beams shall not be less than twice the width of the
secondary beams.
Types of connections:

1. Construction Joints in Column: method of

providing construction joint in column.
Construction joint in column shall not be provided
with smooth surface or inclined surface. The top
surface of the column should be rough with parts
of coarse aggregates being seen.

2. Construction Joint in Slabs: It is termination on

slab during the concreting works. This is usually
done in wide span areas of the slab being
constructed by dividing the whole slab to a series
of pour areas and it is intentionally applied to
accommodate the easement of construction.
 ARCHITECTURAL
JOINTS:
Definition: Architectural Joints are versatile, cost-efficient and easy to install. Architectural
joints include floor, wall, column, parking and landscape joints. They are unobtrusive, have a
unique anchoring system and can be quickly installed. Multiple-profile systems particularly for
pedestrian areas feature sufficient flexibility and are capable of moving in any direction.
Expansion joints with cover plates made of aluminum or stainless steel in pedestrian areas are
suitable for large to very large seismic movements.
 INTERNAL FLOOR JOINTS FOR
MOVEMENTS < 320 MM:
• The SDPS internal floor joint: is durable and is used in
the interior of buildings. It is movable in any direction
and can accommodate thermal and seismic movements.
Moreover, it is easy to install and lines up .

Features:
• Multidirectional movement.
• Accommodates wide openings.
Variable materials.
Design flexibility.
Benefits:
• System maintains functionality during seismic events.
• Standard systems designed for joint openings up to
27inches.
 INTERNAL FLOOR JOINTS FOR
MOVEMENTS < 320 MM:
2. SAPX – SYSTEM: The SAPX model comes with both
surface mounted cover plate as well as recessed. Both slide
and cover plates are available in aluminum and stainless
steel options. The self-centering seismic devices allow the
slide plate to return to its natural position after a seismic
occurrence.

3. SDPK – SYSTEM: The SDPK system has designed to

accommodate complete moment of structure. Top plate is
designed with serration for anti skid purpose. No exposed
fasteners.
 WALL & COLUMN JOINTS FOR
MOVEMENTS < 50 MM:
1. The SNPG/SNJG joint: has a cover plate that is
anchored in the substructure. The cover plate is fixed at both
ends with a continuous seal. The cover plate is available in
different colors.

2. SLPP SYSTEM: The SLPP system has designed to

provide continuous Extruded Aluminum base frame at both
side of joint to support Elastomeric seal. Elastomeric seal is
available in option of colors to match the decor of floor
finish.
ROOF JOINTS FOR MOVEMENTS
< 375 MM:

1. The SRFL roof joint is movable in any direction and

accommodates thermal and seismic movements. The
aluminum cover is suitable for flat and pitched roofs. The
joints are passable and designed for ice and snow loads,
moreover, they are resistant to UV radiation and humidity.
After an earthquake, the cover plate re-centers
autonomously to its initial position.
PARKING & LANDSCAPE JOINTS
FOR MOVEMENTS < 85 MM:

1. The Airseal parking lot/landscape joints are made of an

EPDM/neoprene tubular profile that is pressurized and
glued with epoxy resin. During installation, reliable gluing
of profile and structure is ensured by inflating the tube.
Airseal is a very long-living, versatile, cost-efficient and
watertight system.
RESOURCES
• Expansion joints, settlement joints, seismic joints, do you know the difference? Hiking International.
(2020, October 26). Retrieved October 18, 2021, from https://s2ml.org/expansion-joints-settlement-
joints-seismic-joints-do-you-know-the-difference/.

• ( .‫ دليل الشركات الشامل‬.‫ماهي أنواع الفواصل اإلنشائية؟‬n.d.). Retrieved October 18, 2021, from
https://aindirectory.com/article/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%8A-
%D8%A3%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B9-
%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%84-
%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9.

• The DOS and don'ts of specifying expansion joints in a structure. Walker Consultants. (2020, July
29). Retrieved October 18, 2021, from https://walkerconsultants.com/blog/2015/11/30/the-dos-and-
donts-of-specifying-expansion-joints-in-buildings/.

• What is an expansion joint? expansion joint glossary. EMSEAL. (2021, July 28). Retrieved October
18, 2021, from https://www.emseal.com/glossary-term/expansion-joint/.

• Architectural joints. Maurer SE. (2021, September 27). Retrieved October 18, 2021, from
https://www.maurer.eu/en/products/expansion-joints/architectural-joints/index.html.
RESOURCES
• Solutions, J. (n.d.). Architectural expansion joints. Sanfield India Limited. Retrieved October 18,
2021, from https://sanfieldindia.in/browse/page/ArchitecturalExpansionJoints.

• https://books-library.net/files/download-pdf-ebooks.org-ku-9907.pdf

• Corrosionpedia. (2020, May 15). What is a construction joint? - definition from Corrosionpedia.
Corrosionpedia. Retrieved October 18, 2021, from
https://www.corrosionpedia.com/definition/4895/construction-
joint#:~:text=A%20construction%20joint%20is%20a,against%20rotational%20and%20vertical%20mov
ement.

• Construction joints in beams and columns - their location and details. The Constructor. (2021, June
18). Retrieved October 18, 2021, from https://theconstructor.org/concrete/construction-joints-beams-
columns/7373/.

• Construction joint in slabs: The structural world. The Structural World | A Structural Engineering
Blog. (2018, February 13). Retrieved October 18, 2021, from
https://www.thestructuralworld.com/2018/02/13/construction-joint-in-slabs/.
THANK YOU
Do you have any questions?

CREDITS: This presentation template was created by

Slidesgo, including icons by Flaticon, and infographics &
images by Freepik

Please keep this slide for attribution