Module 2-8

Module 2
Week No: 2-4
Title of Module: Introduction to Badminton
This module consists of (2) lessons namely:
Lesson 1: Brief History, Basic Terms and Facilities and Equipment

Lesson 2: Basic Grips and Strokes
Lesson 3: Badminton Service and Footwork
Overview
This module contains information about the introduction of the game badminton its basic
grips, strokes, services and footwork. It covers the knowledge and skills required in badminton
as a sport. Completion of this module will help you in preparing for the succeeding modules.
This module consists of different learning activities with instructional sheets. Read the
instructional sheet then proceed to the activities. Your performance in each activity will ascertain
that you have acquired the knowledge and skill necessary for the learning outcomes provided.
Upon completion of this module, report to your teacher for your assessment regarding
the knowledge and skills requirement for this module.
Expected Output: Essay Quiz, Illustration and Reflection

Paper
Module Time Allotment (weeks or hours): 6 hours
LESSON 1: Brief History, Basic Terms and Facilities and Equipment
ABOUT THE LESSON: This lesson discusses the brief history of badminton with terminologies
that will help the students to comprehend and communicate about badminton. It also contains
discussion about facilities and equipment of badminton with illustration and measurement.

At the end of the lesson, you will be able to:
LO1. Learn the history, basic terms, equipment, facilities and basic rules of
badminton
LEARNING OUTPUTS/REQUIREMENTS: Essay Quiz, Illustration and Reflection

Address: Hilltop Road, Brgy. Kumintang Ibaba, Batangas City 4200, Philippines
Telephone Numbers: +63 43 723 1446 | 980 0041
Website: www.ub.edu.ph
LESSON TIME ALLOTMENT: 2 hours
A. Brief History of Badminton
Although the exact origins of badminton are unclear, games based on a shuttlecock and
a battledore were played in China, Japan, India, Siam and Greece over 2000 years ago.
Between 1856 and 1859 a game known as “battledore and shuttlecock” started to evolve
into the modern game of badminton at “Badminton House”, the Duke of Beaufort’s country
estate in England.
Similar games were played in Poona India around this time and the badminton code of
conduct was drawn up in 1877.
The aim of battledore and shuttlecock played at “Badminton House” was to keep the
shuttlecock in the air for as long as possible by hitting the shuttle between two or more people.
The reverse is true today. The aim now is to finish a rally as quickly as possible by scoring
winning points against your opponent.
In 1893, the Badminton Association of England was formed to administer badminton
internationally from England.
B. Basic Terminologies
Here listed are the following terminologies and its corresponding meaning that you may
encounter while exploring and discovering badminton as the sport.
ØAlley – the extension of the court by 1 1/2 ft. on both sides for doubles play.
ØBack Alley – the area between the back boundary line and the long service line for doubles.
ØBack court – the back third of the court, in the area of the back boundary lines.
ØBaseline – the back boundary line at each end of the court, parallel to the net.
ØBird – also called the shuttlecock.
ØCarry – an illegal tactic, also called a sling or a throw, in which the shuttle is caught and held
on the racket and then slung during the execution of a stroke.
ØCenter or Base Position – the location in the center of the court to which a singles player
tries to return after each shot.
ØCenter Line – a line perpendicular to the net that separates the left and right service courts.
ØClear – a shot hit deep to the opponents’ back boundary line. The high clear is a defensive
shot, while the flatter attacking clear is used offensively.
ØDrive – a fast and low shot that makes a horizontal flight over the net.
ØDrop – a shot hit softly and with finesse to fall rapidly, and close to the net on the opponent’s
side.
ØFault – a violation of the playing rules, either in serving, receiving or during play.
ØFlick – a quick wrist and forearm rotation that surprises an opponent by changing an
apparently soft shot into a faster passing one; used primarily on the serve and at the net.
ØForecourt – the front third of the court, between the net and the short service line.
ØKill – a fast downward shot that cannot be returned. Also called as “put-away”
ØLet – a legitimate cessation of a play to allow a rally to be replayed.
ØLong Service Line – in singles, the back boundary line. In doubles, a line 2 1/2 ft. inside the
back boundary line. The server may not go past this line.
ØMatch – a series of games to determine a winner.
ØMid-court – the middle third of the court, halfway between the net and the back boundary line
ØNet Shot – a shot hit from the forecourt that just clears the net and then falls rapidly.
ØRally – the exchange of shots while the shuttle is in play.
ØServe (Service) – a stroke used to put the shuttlecock into play at the start of a rally
ØService Court – an area into which the serve must be delivered, differs for singles and
doubles play.
ØShort Service Line – the line 6’6” from the net which a serve must reach to be legal.
ØSmash – a hard-hit overhead shot that forces the shuttle sharply downward. The Badminton’s
primary attacking stroke.
ØWood Shot – a shot those results when the base of the shuttle is hit by the frame of the
racket. Once illegal, but it has been accepted as part of the rules by the International Badminton
Federation in 1963
C. Facilities and Equipment
 The Court
The badminton court measures 5.18 m x 13.40m for singles and 6.11 m x 11.88m for the
doubles.
 The Net
At all times, this should be strained tightly so that its height from the floor is 1.524 (5 ft.)
long at the post. A measuring rod should be kept by the umpires chair to facilitate regular testing
to ensure the net is still and its correct central height and has not sagged.

 Racket
Badminton racket is quite light and can be made of wood, aluminum, metal or synthetic
materials such as graphite or carbon. A synthetic racket is quite popular now because of its
extreme lightness and strength.
A badminton racket weighs roughly 98-100 grams (3 1/2 oz), and is 68 cm. in length.
PARTS OF THE RACKET
i. Stringed Area – is extended to hit the shuttle. It is of uniform pattern and does not exceed
280 mm. (11 in.) in length and 220 mm. in width.
ii. Head– bounds the stringed area.
iii. Throat – connects the shaft to the head.
iv. Shaft – connects the handle to the head
v. Ferrule – firmly connects the shaft and the handle.
vi. Handle – is intended for a player’s grip
vii. Butt – is located at the tip of the handle
viii. Frame – includes the head, the throat, the shaft and the handle. It is no more than 680 mm.
or wider than 230 mm.
 Shuttlecock
It is the official name given to the shuttle or bird. It is made up of 16 goose feathers and is
firmly fixed in a leather covered cork head. It weighs from 4.74-5.50 grams. It may be made of
feathers, plastic or nylon.
C. Basic Rules and Regulation
Badminton is:
 a net game
 played on a rectangular court
 a volleying game, with rallies beginning with an underarm serve
 a game that has five disciplines – singles (men/women), doubles and mixed
(men/women)
Diagram 1. Singles Badminton involves serving diagonally into a long, service box. Rallying
then continues on along court with the border on the first side line.
Diagram 1
Diagram 2. Doubles badminton involves serving diagonally into a shorter, wider service box
than in singles badminton. After the serve, rallying takes place on the whole court area.
Diagram 2
The aim of the game is to score points by:
 landing the shuttlecock in your opponent’s court

 forcing your opponents to hit the shuttlecock out of the court area;
 forcing your opponent to hit the shuttlecock into the net; and
 striking your opponent’s body with the shuttle
References:
Team USA. (2020). Brief History of Badminton. Retrieved from: https://www.teamusa.org/USA-
Badminton/USAB/History/Brief-History-of-Badminton
World Badminton. (2019). Laws of Badminton. Retrieved from:
https://worldbadminton.com/rules/
LESSON 2: Basic Grips and Strokes
ABOUT THE LESSON:

This module contains information on different badminton grips, and strokes. It covers the
knowledge and skills required to identify and enumerate the basic grips, and strokes in
badminton. It also contains different learning activities with instructional sheets. The students
will be able to perform/execute the different badminton grips and strokes.
LO1. Identify the basic badminton grips and strokes

LO2. Perform basic badminton grips and strokes
LEARNING OUTPUTS/REQUIREMENTS: Essay Quiz, Illustration and Reflection
LESSON TIME ALLOTMENT: 2 hours
A. Basic Grip
As we continue exploring and learning in the world of badminton as a sport, it is

necessary to find out the basic grip in playing badminton. At this point, we going to take a
moment to figure out the two basic grips and how does it perform properly. Let’s start!
The two types of hand grip that we need to consider learning this module are as follows:
i. the “Thumb Grip” (backhand grip)

ii. the “V Grip” (forehand grip)
i. Thumb Grip (backhand grip)

The thumb grip is used to play basic backhand stroke in front of the body. Examples
include net shots, net lifts, net kills, backhand serves drive (when struck in front of the body).
The thumb is “committed” to the back of the racket handle, with a slight gap between the hand
and the racket handle.
Diagram 1: Thumb Grip
ii. V – Grip (forehand grip)

The V – grip is used to play strokes where the shuttle is level with the player, on both the
forehand and backhand sides.
The thumb and first finger of the hand creates a “V” shape on the racket handle. The
position of the bottom of the “V” is important and is shown in the illustrations below.
Diagram 2: V – Grip
B. Basic Stroke
Hopefully you’ve been practicing the use of proper badminton grips (fore/back) and
getting used to the pronation/supination movements.
The next thing is to take these techniques and turn it into a stroke. A stroke is the swing
motion of our racket arm. It is not a shot. We need proper strokes to execute certain shots!
The power of any badminton shot (clear, smash, drops, etc) is directly related to how
well you can perform your stroke.
So, we must learn strokes first!
There are 4 basic strokes:
i. Overhead forehand – the most common we see the first to learn

ii. Overhead backhand – many people’s main weakness
iii. Underarm forehand – a low shot on the forehand side
iv. Underarm backhand – a low shot on the backhand side
i. Overhead Forehand Stroke

The overhead badminton forehand stroke is very common and is used most often in
badminton. If you’re a beginner, learn how to perform this stroke first before proceeding to learn
other types of badminton shots.
In badminton, this stroke generates the most power. The power of a badminton
forehand stroke comes from correct technique, NOT how much strength you exert into a swing.
The larger the swing motion, the more momentum generated. Hence, more power.
Therefore, the KEY to generate power in any badminton shot is to make a complete
swing in your strokes.
In fact, it is INCORRECT to use too much strength for your badminton forehand stroke.
When you focus on power, you’ll most likely get the technique wrong. That means the quality of
your shot will be poor!
In order for you to be more familiar in this stroke, kindly do use the link provided:
https://youtu.be/7jg3IInji9E
ii. Overhead Backhand Stroke

The badminton backhand stroke is many people’s main weakness. They tend to get the
technique for this stroke wrong.
It’s important to keep in mind that the backhand stroke for badminton is NOT like tennis
or squash backhand! The CORRECT technique to perform a badminton backhand stroke is
more complicated than a tennis backhand.
Many people (casual or amateur players) tend to perform their backhand in badminton
like a tennis backhand. That is why they fail to generate power with their backhands in
badminton. Besides, it’s IMPOSSIBLE to perform high quality backhand shots if the technique is
poor.
Therefore, avoid the common mistake of swinging like a tennis backhand.
For you to have a head up how does this stroke perform properly, kindly do use the link
provided. https://youtu.be/myr2dTtFQRM
iii. Underarm Forehand Stroke

The badminton underarm forehand stroke is performed when you take a shuttle in front
of you (normally when your opponent hits a drop shot to you).
It’s fairly easy to inject power into underarm strokes (compared to overhead strokes). Therefore,
you do not need to worry about failing to generate the sufficient strength into your underarm
strokes.
Power of the Underarm Forehand
Swing Motion: The correct badminton underarm forehand swing pattern is important if you
want to hit quality badminton shots and maintain good body balance. This stroke does not
require a lot of strength. Since underarm strokes are usually performed at the front of the court,
not much strength is needed to perform a baseline clear (hitting the shuttle to the back of the
court). Therefore, a gentle swing motion, combined with correct technique, is all that is needed
to produce a quality shot
Wrist Action: Your wrist action plays an important role in contributing to the power in your
badminton underarm forehand. GENTLY flick your wrist towards the direction you want the
shuttle to fly
Gripping: It’s important that you use the forehand grip to perform an underarm forehand stroke.
Make sure you do not hold your racket too tightly or you’ll limit the movement of your wrist.
Here attached to this module a video that showcase how this stroke execute correctly,
kindly do use the link provided. https://youtu.be/CcFL0qyLfQQ
iv. Underarm Backhand Stroke

The badminton underarm backhand stroke is fairly easy to perform compared to other
badminton strokes.
This stroke is usually performed when your opponent hits a badminton drop shot to your
backhand area at the front of the court.
Don’t worry about generating sufficient power in this stroke. It’s fairly easy to do so. In
fact, worry about generating too much power while performing an underarm stroke.
If you hit an underarm clear at the front of the court too hard, the shuttle will easily land
OUTSIDE the court.
Generating Power
Swinging Motion: You don’t need to swing too hard for an underarm stroke. A gentle underarm
swing is sufficient to send the shuttle right to the back of the court. However, correct technique
is still important to provide you with good body balance. The tutorial below shows you the
correct way of performing a badminton underarm backhand stroke.
Wrist Action: Most of the power of this stroke comes from the flick of your wrist. But you don’t
need a strong flick to send the shuttle to your opponent’s baseline. A gentle flick is enough. It’s
the gentle underarm swing and the gentle flick of your wrist that works together to generate the
power for this stroke.
Gripping Technique: Since it’s fairly easy to produce power to hit a high clear, I find it’s not
necessary to switch to a backhand grip. Use the forehand grip to perform a badminton
underarm backhand stroke. However, remember NOT to grip your racket too tightly or else your
wrist action is limited.
To complete your understanding in studying this stroke, kindly do click the link provided
to help you more! https://youtu.be/UQ0Ebgvp7TM
Diagram 3: Four Body Areas
When the shuttle flies towards a particular area around your body, you’ll need to use
different strokes to hit the shuttle. The picture above shows you the 4 different areas around
your body where you’re required to use the 4 different badminton strokes to return the shuttle.
Once you learn how to perform these basic strokes, you can then use these strokes to
hit all types of shots in badminton; Clear, Drop and Smash.
References:

LESSON 3: Badminton Service and Footwork
ABOUT THE LESSON: This module contains information on different badminton service and
footwork. It covers the knowledge and skills required to identify the badminton service and
footwork. The students will be able to execute/perform the different badminton services and
footwork. Completion of this module will help you in preparing for the succeeding modules.

LO1. Identify the different Badminton Service and footwork

LO2. Perform the different badminton service and footwork
LEARNING OUTPUTS/REQUIREMENTS: Quizzes and performance task
LESSON TIME ALLOTMENT: 2 hours.
Every battle for a badminton point starts with a serve. It’s the first step that opens up the game
and introduces players to each other. Every contact in badminton is important, but the first time
you hit the birdie may have a very significant effect on you.
For this lecture session, we will emphasize the other skills in playing badminton which is
the “basic service”.
A good serve can put you in an enormous advantage, since if played correctly; the
opponent might use up a big portion of mental and physical strength for the return. This means
that their counter won’t be as effective, which gives the serving player the before-mentioned
advantage because the next progress of the exchange can be decided freely and entirely based
on their judgment and needs.
Nonetheless, serving has its rules and technique as well. These need to be obeyed
in order to execute a correct initiation of the exchange. Let us learn together by exploring and
discovering the basic service in the sport badminton!
A. Basic Service
i. Low Backhand Service
The low backhand service is almost a gentle tap over the net with the shuttle, with the
aim of flying just over the net, yet falling just over the front of the line of his service court. It must
not to be too high or predictable, otherwise it would be easy for your opponent to do an outright
smash or net kill.
A nice and solid backhand serve can be taught in 5 easy steps. Firstly, pick up your
racket and hold it in the backhand grip, but not too tight, just the right amount to feel
comfortable. The position of the racket doesn’t have to be 100% perfect, you can always modify
it depending on the respective serve, just get the basic grip right.
Next up, use your thumb and forefinger to pick up the birdie so its head points to you
and the feathers to the net. Bear in mind that the angle of the birdie will have a big effect on the
overall trajectory of the serve, so choose it carefully and adapt to the situation.
As far as the positioning is concerned, stand with your racket foot forward and with
your racket and birdie facing the net.
Once you are set, aim and execute the serve.
The recommended area to strike the serve to is the beginning or the end of the square
diagonally to your serving position. The momentum for the serve is created by the shift of weight
from the back foot to the front foot. The release of the birdie should be done by a gentle flick. Be
careful to maintain a sufficient distance to be able to create enough momentum. Don’t be afraid
to experiment in this regard.
Diagram 1: Low Backhand Service Position
In order to complete your understanding on how low backhand service perform, you may
use the link provided: https://youtu.be/YcmpvlBfrYA
ii. High Forehand Service
The high forehand service is a powerful strike upwards with the shuttle that aims to
travel a great distance upwards and fall deep at the rear end of the court.

Similarly, to the previous badminton serve technique, forehand can also be described in
simple steps which are needed for the basic understanding.
The first step would be to use the forehand racket grip, which was already discussed in
previous module. The grip should be comfortable and close to the base of the racket for more
control.
Secondly, take the birdie into your hands and use your thumb and other fingers to hold it
at the head while moving it up all the way to your shoulder height. The birdie should experience
a free fall to your thigh level height until it’s sent to the opponent’s side.
Be sure to make two separate movements, one for the birdie and a second one with the
racket, don’t do it simultaneously. The forehand service is mostly used during singles matches
and requires a stance approximately 2 meters from the net.
Your arms should be raised and the racket leg behind. You should be always aiming
diagonally and into the front or rear part of the square on the court.
High forehand serves should land in the back area of the square, whereas, the low
forehand serve should be aimed at the beginning of this part of the court and the contact with
the birdie should be below your waist. The momentum is created mainly by your hips and the
upper-body movement. The weight is initially positioned on the back foot and then changes to
the front foot.
The distance between the birdie and the racket can be once again freely modified to fit
your needs but prepare to be in a full swing position. This means that the racket needs to be
approximately at your side. To hit the forehand badminton serve you intend to, you need to
change the power and angle of the birdie. The high serve, for example, should have the
qualities of height and distance to hit the rear of the court.
Diagram 2: High Forehand Service Position

For you to be more familiar in the high forehand service, here attached the link that you
may use: https://youtu.be/fr0HFft4PQ0
iii. Flick Service

The flick service is also played upwards but at a much lesser altitude. It is most common
for players to use their backhand to execute the flick serve and the trajectory is lower as this
grip has less power.
The whole point of the backhand flick serve is deception, by mixing your serves up and
making it look like you’re doing a low serve. For this reason, serving with your backhand is thus
very popular with competitive players.
Moreover, the flick serve is best used when your opponent is rushing you and you’re
under pressure. It works especially well in doubles games. However, keep in mind that a flick
serve can leave you vulnerable if your opponent can tell that it’s coming. That’s why it’s best to
use it only occasionally.
In order to generate power for the serve, you must shift your weight to your dominant
foot. However, to fool your opponent, it’s important to bring your racket back in a slow, steady
motion, just as you would for a normal low serve.
As you bring the racket forward to hit the shuttle, you must suddenly increase the speed
so your opponent doesn’t recognize the flick serve until the last moment. With
your wrist and forearm, generate enough power to flick or snap the shuttle over your opponent
so they don’t have a chance to hit it back.
After you flick the shuttle with the goal of lifting it over your opponent, make sure to finish
your swing’s follow-through. Your follow-through should mimic the line of the shuttle, so you’re
ready to defend against a possible return from your opponent.
Diagram 3: Flick Service Position

To fully understand how to execute flick service properly, use the uploaded link as you
guide: https://youtu.be/actiqtyjq40
iv. Drive Service

This is an attacking serve that is used by the top badminton players. The idea is to hit
the shuttle directly at your opponent, limiting their return options and catching them off guard,
winning you easy points. It’s a good change of pace but it also risky as if your opponent is
prepared, he could just smash the shuttlecock back at you.
This serve is executed with your forehand through underarm action and following
through. The shuttle should be dropped a bit sideways rather than in front of your body and hit
flatter.
Diagram 4: Drive Service Position
Here appeared a useful link courtesy from youtube that you may use while trying to learn
the drive service: https://youtu.be/6chDR28aa7g
Diagram 5: Four Basic Service
The diagram 5 “Four Basic Service” shows how to determine the approximate high and
landing position of each service.
Right now, we are thru discovering the basic service in badminton. It is the time to jump
into another part of this module that will focus on the different footwork that we need to consider.
Let’s get started!
Many people neglect badminton footwork because it might not seem important at all.
You might hear some people say “why care about footwork when I can do a 300km/h
smash”. Are you thinking that way too?
However, I would say that the footwork is THE most important skill you should master.
It’s even more important than smashing!
This is because an effective and organized footwork provides superb speed and agility
which enables the player to move around the badminton court swiftly and return every
shuttlecock. So what if you can do a 300km/h smash when you cannot even reach the
shuttlecock in time?
Playing badminton is all about speed. The shuttlecock can move extremely fast and you
must move faster than the shuttlecock to be able to hit it.
Diagram 6: Movement on the Court
Always remember your base (starting point) will be at the gray dot in the middle. The
arrows indicate the possible movements around the court.
Every time you move away from your base to hit the shuttle, you MUST QUICKLY return
to your base to prepare yourself for your opponent shot.
For instance, you move to point A to take a shuttle and then stay there. Your opponent
then returns the shuttle back to you at point B. You are less likely able to get to point B in time
from point A.
Conversely, if you quickly return to your base after hitting the shuttle at point A, you will
definitely be able to return the shuttle at point B.
For the further learnings in the basic footwork in badminton, you can use the link
provided as a greatest source of information and techniques: https://youtu.be/I9ALMfFaiIE
References:
MODULE 6
Badminton match rules and scoring system

Learning Outcomes
6.1 Learn the badminton match rules and scoring system
6.2 Apply badminton match rules and scoring system

INTRODUCTION
This module contains information about badminton match rules and scoring
system. It covers the knowledge and skills required to learn and apply the different
badminton match rules and scoring system. Completion of this module will help you in
preparing for the succeeding modules.

This module consists of two (2) learning outcomes. Each learning outcome
contains learning activities with instructional sheets. Read the instructional sheet then
proceed to the activities. Your performance in each activity will ascertain that you have
acquired the knowledge and skill necessary for the learning outcomes provided.

Upon completion of this module, report to your teacher for your assessment
regarding the knowledge and skills requirement for this module.

CONTENT

The scoring system in badminton
Deciding who gets to serve first
In a major tournament, a coin toss is used to decide which side will serve first.
In more casual club or league games, you usually just throw the shuttle up in the air, let
it land, and see which side it points towards: that side serves first.
Points, games, and matches

Every time you win a rally, you get a point. Starting from zero, the first person to reach
21 points wins the game.
In standard league or tournament play, however, what really matters is the match. A
match is the best of three games: you win the match by winning two games (2-0 or 2-1).
So a match could last either two or three games.
Whenever you win a rally, you also get the next serve. So if your opponent was serving
in the last rally, the serve passes to you; if you were serving, you keep on serving.
To win, you need a two-point lead
You have to win the game by at least two points. If the score reaches 20–20, then 21
points are no longer enough to win the game. You need to win two clear points: two
points in a row, one after the other.
For example, 22–20 would be a winning score, as would 25–23. But 21–20 would not
be enough, and neither would 24–23.
If you reach 30–29, however, you’ve won the game. 30 points is the upper limit. This
rule is intended to prevent games dragging on too long, especially at the top level of
play, where excessively long games put athletes at risk of injury.
Always say the server’s score first
It’s a good habit to say the score to your opponent before starting each rally. It’s
surprisingly easy to lose track of the score, and saying it between rallies helps prevent
disputes.
When you’re saying the score, always say the server’s score first. So if you are serving
and have 10 points to your opponent’s 15 points, then the score is 10–15 (not 15–10).
Which side to serve from?
Remember that you have two service courts: one on the right, and one on the left.
When the server’s score is an even number, he serves from the right service court.
When his score is an odd number, he serves from the left service court. For this reason,
the right service court is also known as the even service court, and the left service court
is known as the odd service court.
Odd numbers? Even numbers?
 Odd numbers start at 1, and go up by 2

 Even numbers start at 0, and go up by 2
So the odd numbers are 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, and so on. The even numbers are 0, 2, 4,
6, 8, 10, 12, and so on.
Even and odd numbers alternate. So if you keep winning rallies, you’ll keep serving
from a different side each time: right, left, right, left, right, and so on.
Because zero is an even number, the game always starts with someone serving from
the right (even) service court.
What about the receiver?
The receiver’s position is determined not by his own score, but by the server’s score.
The receiver always stands in the service box diagonally opposite from the server. In
other words, both players will be in the even service courts, or both will be in the odd
service courts. You can never have one of each (one odd, one even).
Scoring in doubles
The actual scoring in doubles is simple: instead of each person winning points, each
pair wins points. The part that often confuses people is this: how do you decide who
serves, who receives, and which side they should be on?
At the start of the game, when the score is 0–0, the serving pair choose who serves for
the first rally, and the receiving pair choose who receives.
The even/odd rule still holds. So if the server’s score is odd, he will serve from the left
court (if even, from the right). Just as for singles, the receiver will stand in the diagonally
opposite service court.
Whenever the serving side wins a rally, the same person serves again (but from the
other service court). The serve does not alternate between the partners: it stays with
one person, until the opponents win a rally and get the serve.
Everyone has a service court
To make sense of doubles scoring, you must understand two crucial ideas:
 Every player has a service court, at all times.
 When your partner has one service court, you have the other one.
Let’s take an example: you are getting ready to serve from your left service court. So
your service court is obvious: it’s the box you have to stand inside.
Your partner is not serving or receiving, so he doesn’t have to stay within one of the
service boxes: he can stand anywhere on your court. Nevertheless, we say that your
partner has the right service court.
Bizarrely, most people say that your partner is in the right service court. This makes no
sense at all, because your partner probably has one foot in each service court!
The same idea applies to the receiving side. In this example, the receiver has the left
service court, and his partner has the right service court. Until you serve, the receiver
must stay within his service court, but the receiver’s partner can stand wherever he
wants.
It doesn’t matter where you go during the rally
Suppose you serve from the right service court. By the end of the rally, you could easily
be standing inside the left service box with your partner standing inside the right box.
This has no effect on your service courts for the next rally.
In other words, the service courts are set at the start of the rally. Although you move
around during the rally, the service courts don’t change. At the end of the rally, you have
to remember what your service courts were:
 Who was serving?
 Who was receiving?
 From which side?
Once you remember this, you work out the positions for the next rally.
When you serve and win the rally
Suppose you serve, and then your side wins the rally. For the next rally, you will serve
again, but from the other side. In other words:
When the serving side win a rally, the server and his partner swap service courts.
Remember that you and your partner must always have different service courts. That’s
why the server’s partner also changes service court here. This change has no effect on
the server’s partner — he can still stand wherever he wants — but he needs to
remember his service court for future rallies.
The receivers never change their service courts. The only way to change service
courts is to win a point when your side is serving.
When the receivers win a rally
When the receiving side wins a rally, the serve passes to them. Their service courts do
not change from the previous rally.
If their new score is odd, then whoever has the left service court will serve; if the score
is even, then whoever has the right service court will serve.
Consequences of this system
If you think it through carefully, you can figure out two interesting consequences of this
system:
 You never serve to the same person in two consecutive rallies.
 When you win back the serve, the new server is whoever wasn’tserving
last time.
The rules actually state these consequences explicitly:
11.4 Sequence of serving
In any game, the right to serve shall pass consecutively:
11.4.1
from the initial server who started the game from the right service court
11.4.2
to the partner of the initial receiver
11.4.3
to the partner of the initial server
11.4.4
to the initial receiver
11.4.5
to the initial server, and so on.
11.5
No player shall serve or receive out of turn, or receive two consecutive services
in the same game, except as provided in Law 12.
(Law 12 is about how you correct mistakes. We’ll look at that later.)
It’s easy to forget the score or forget which side you were on. When you forget, you can
usually use those two facts to help remember.
For example, suppose you have just won back the serve. You know the score is 10–8,
but you cannot remember which side you should be. You also know that last time, your
partner was serving (not you). Therefore, you must be serving from the right service
court.
Similarly, suppose you cannot remember the score. It’s either 13–10 or 14–10, and you
have just won back the serve. You know that your partner just received in the right
service court, and that he was serving last time. This means you must be serving from
the left service court, and therefore the score is 13–10.

MODULE 7
Badminton rules and regulations in a singles match
Learning Outcomes
7.1 Learn the badminton rules and regulation in a singles match
7.2 Apply badminton rules and regulation in a singles match
INTRODUCTION
This module contains information about badminton rules and regulations in a
singles match. It covers the knowledge and skills required to learn and apply the
different badminton rules and regulations in a singles match. Completion of this module
will help you in preparing for the succeeding modules.
CONTENT
Badminton rules and regulations in a singles match
Lines and Scoring
One of the most fundamental parts of badminton is scoring. There are two players in
badminton singles; one on each side. To get points, the shuttle must either land in on
your opponent’s side or land out on your side. The whole point is to hit the shuttle within
the court dimensions to somewhere your opponent can’t get it.
Usually, the first person to 21 points wins but if a deuce happens, one player must win
by two points or until someone reaches 30 first. For example, if the score is 20-20, a
player could not win 21-20, but they could win 22-20, 23-21, 24-22, all the way until 30-
29. Matches would also usually be best of three.
Generally at 11 points and between games players get a short 30-second break where
you can drink liquids, towel yourself down, and have your coach talk to you. You will
also switch sides between games and at 11 points if you’re playing the third set.
Now, you need an understanding of what is out and what is in. A badminton court has
two lines that run vertically and two lines that run horizontally. In singles, the court is
long and narrow and thus we use the inner two vertical lines and the horizontal back
line.
Badminton singles lines highlighted in blue

Anything that lands within the box or right on those lines is in, and anything outside those lines is out.
An interesting scoring system that was used about a decade ago required a player to
have the service to score. For example, if I was playing against you and I was serving, I
could score points on you, but you couldn’t score points on me. To score points on me,
you would have to hit the shuttle down onto my side and reverse the service. During
that time, players also played to 15 points.
Now you don’t have to worry about the old scoring system anymore. You can gain
points no matter whose serving!
If you play competitively, you should also note about challenging individual calls.
Usually, the player who’s on the side that shuttle landed on gets to make the call if there
is no umpire or line judges. There’s not much you could do if they call out a shot that
you don’t agree with unless you are playing higher grade tournaments where you can
challenge the call.
Unfortunate, but it is what it is.
Service and Starting A Game
Now that you understand how to win a badminton game and the scoring system, it’s
time to talk about service and starting an actual game of badminton.
Before you start, you must decide who gets to serve. The official way to determine who
gets to serve is by a coin flip. One person chooses heads, the other tails. Whoever wins
the coin flip gets to decide who serves. This is the way they will do it in BWF
tournaments and most significant matches.
However, there are other ways to start a match as well, and it’s often dependent on your
tournament’s rules. One of the most common ways to start a game is by hitting the
shuttle up and then giving the services to whoever the spinning shuttle points to.
Before you start the game, you should also know that in many cases both players can
be granted a practice serve. If they don’t outright give you a chance to practice serve,
make sure you ask if you’re allowed one should you need it. It all depends on the official
tournament rules.
When serving, players should be behind the service line, which is the closest horizontal
line to the net, and on either side of the vertical line that runs through the middle. The
side is determined by the score. Serve on the right side if your score is even and the left
side if your score is odd. For example, if you are 2-0 against your opponent, you would
serve on the right side while if you 1-0, you would serve on the left.
Red when your score is odd, blue when your score is even.
Hitting the shuttle must also be done in a certain way. The shuttle must land on or cross
the service line of your opponent’s side and your racket contact with the shuttle must be
below 1.15 meters. Although this rule has been controversial because tall people have
to bend down to serve while short people might even be able to serve above the waist,
it does provide a more objective call compared to the previous rule, serve below the
waist which had problems with judges being unable to identify the waist because of
longer shirts and different body proportions.
Serving below the waist still works as the general guideline and the rule is still used in
many lower level tournaments and gameplay. You can definitely continue using this rule
unless you’re over six feet tall in which you may need to bend your legs a little.
If you’re in a match, after each game, the person who won will serve first.
Double Touch, Carries, and Other Faults
During the game, you may encounter several controversial shots that could be argued
over. Many common ones are the shuttle hitting the ground and a player scooping it up
to return it or if a player hits the shuttle multiple times while it’s still on his side.
Another common one is that if you touch the shuttle and it goes out, it is the opponent’s
point. Sometimes players may decline that they touched it and if you don’t have an
umpire making those calls, the two players must sort it out themselves.
Take note of some of these faults and watch out for them. They can be quite subtle.
Another thing to watch out for is how you move on the court between each rally.
Tournaments generally don’t like it when you step off or walk around for too long. Trash
talking and poor attitude can also be called out and punished. Just respect others, and
you will be fine.
Playing Around the Net
One of the frequent calls argued over other than line calls in badminton is when a player
hits the shuttle at the net. Here are some rules for net play.
1. You cannot hit the shuttle while it’s on your opponent’s side.
2. Your foot cannot be on the other person’s side when hitting the shuttle.
3. You cannot hit the net with your racket or other parts of your body when playing
the shot at the net.
These rules always create a setting for argument as the net game is so fast and hard to
watch and make a call. It’s especially argued over when a player net kills, and the other
player’s racket is up and blocks the net kill. They often have to play it in slow motion to
figure out what was the best call.
Unfortunately, casual players don’t usually have an umpire sitting and watching the net
from an unbiased perspective, and as such, the two players must make the call
themselves.
One common misconception around badminton rules and regulations though is that if
the shuttle hits the net, it’s out. This is not true as wherever the shuttle lands after hitting
the net will be a point for one of the players.
Laws of Badminton
10. SINGLES
10.1 Serving and receiving courts
10.1.1 The players shall serve from, and receive in, their respective right service courts
when the server has not scored or has scored an even number of points in that game.
10.1.2 The players shall serve from, and receive in, their respective left service courts
when the server has scored an odd number of points in that game.
10.1.3 In Para-badminton Classes playing half-court, the server and receiver shall serve
from and receive in their respective service courts.
10.2 Order of play and position on court
10.2.1 In a rally, the shuttle may be hit by the server and the receiver alternately, from
any position on that player’s side of the net, until the shuttle ceases to be in play (Law
15).
10.3 Scoring and serving
10.3.1 If the server wins a rally (Law 7.3), the server shall score a point. The server
shall then serve again from the alternate service court.
10.3.2 If the receiver wins a rally (Law 7.3), the receiver shall score a point. The
receiver shall then become the new server.
MODULE 8
Badminton rules and regulations in a doubles match
Learning Outcomes
8.1 Learn the badminton rules and regulation in a doubles match
8.2 Apply badminton rules and regulation in a doubles match
INTRODUCTION
This module contains information about badminton rules and regulations in a
doubles match. It covers the knowledge and skills required to learn and apply the
different badminton rules and regulations in a doubles match. Completion of this module
will help you in preparing for the succeeding modules.
CONTENT
Badminton Rules and Regulations in a Doubles Match
Lines and Scoring
As the name suggests, doubles is a variation of badminton played with two people
instead of one. Thus, the lines will change a little.
Because of the two people, doubles play makes use of the entire court. Meaning, shots
within the outermost lines are in.
The same thing as singles, if you’re a professional player, the highest level tournaments
will often allow you to challenge the calls by the line judges. Of course, most of us are
not at that level and don’t have to worry.
Another difference of doubles with singles is the lines used for serving. Unlike singles
where the horizontal back line is used at all time, the front horizontal line is used when
players serve. Basically, you can’t serve as far as you usually can in singles.
Scoring in doubles is the same as scoring in singles. You get points by either landing
the shuttle in on your opponent’s side, or your opponent hits it out on your side. Games
once again go up to 21 and matches are usually of best of three.
In each game, players must also win by two or until one player reaches 30 points.
Basically, the score can go from 22-20, 23-21, 24-22, 25-23, all the way until 30-29
when the game ends.
At 11 points or in between games, coaches will usually get an opportunity to talk to you
just like in singles.
Service and Starting A Game
To start a game of badminton, you must first decide which pair is serving. It’s done in
the same way as singles either officially through a coin flip or casually by throwing up
the shuttle and seeing which way it points to.
Before the game, both sides should get an opportunity to practice serve in which all
players on the court will take turns serving once. Sometimes it will depend on your
tournament rules as well.
Whoever is serving will start on the right side because the score is even. If it’s odd, one
of the players will serve on the left side. Players also need to stand behind the service
line and serve the shuttle past the opponent’s service line. If they don’t, it is called short
and your opponent’s point.
During the match is when it gets more confusing. If you serve and you retain the serve
by getting points consecutively, you will continue serving and switch sides depending on
the score. If you lose the serve and then regain the serve, whoever was serving before
will, and the other player will serve. This means, if you were serving before, your partner
would now serve, and if your partner were serving previously, you would now serve.
Another rule with doubles is that when you serve, you must stand on one side and
behind the service line. However, your partner does not have to and can stand
anywhere on the court. Generally, although not the rule, in women’s and men’s doubles,
your partner stands behind you, and in mixed doubles, the guy usually always stands
behind the girl.
If you’re playing a match, the winner of the previous game will get to serve next.
The service height rules are also the same as singles where you officially have to serve
below 1.15 meters. But usually serving below the waist should suffice. Make sure you
check the tournament rules.
Checking service height is a lot more common in doubles as players like to play a
variety of serves such as a punch serve and flick serve and some players will often hit it
too high above their waist.
Double Touch, Carries, and Other Faults
There are plenty of shots that can be considered as faults. Some of the most notable
ones are hitting the shuttle twice in a row, scooping it up from the ground, and touching
the shuttle if it goes out. If any of this happens to you, it will automatically be the
opponent’s point and vice versa.
Another common thing to check is when a pair’s rackets clash. Generally, this is okay,
but in some tournaments, they rule it as double touch. Make sure you check the
tournament rules out. You should be okay though because racket clashing is relatively
uncommon with excellent synergy.
In singles match basically it never happens, but in doubles, especially professional

doubles where the rallies are incredibly intense, if you drop the racket and play the
shuttle with your hand, it does not count. Again, sporadic case but I did see it happen
once.
Similar to the situation above, there also isn’t a rule regarding how much a player has to
hit the shuttle. As long as the pair follows the service rules, technically only one person
has to hit the shuttle. There is no “everybody needs to play” rule.
Playing Around The Net
Many faults occur at the net. Players may often play too aggressively and either hit on
the opponent’s side or hit the net itself. Like singles, here are some net play rules.
1. You cannot hit the shuttle while it’s on your opponent’s side.
2. Your foot cannot be on the other person’s side when hitting the shuttle.
3. You cannot hit the net with your racket or other parts of your body when playing
the shot at the net.
Although there’s a situations where a player net kills, and the other player’s racket is up
and blocks the net kill less in doubles than in singles, it is still a situation that receives a
lot of controversy due to the speed of the game.
Mostly, lower level tournaments don’t have an umpire watching the net from a higher
viewpoint which makes it even more difficult to judge whether or not a player has
violated the rules. The only thing I can say here is to do your best and try to come to an
agreement with the other player.
One thing to note is that you cannot hit the net with your racket or other parts of your
body but the shuttle can hit the net, and it will be your point if it lands on your
opponent’s side. Just a reminder for when someone calls you out on the shuttle
hitting the net.
Laws of Badminton
11. DOUBLES
11.1 Serving and receiving courts
11.1.1 A player of the serving side shall serve from the right service court when
the serving side has not scored or has scored an even number of points in that
game.
11.1.2 A player of the serving side shall serve from the left service court when
the serving side has scored an odd number of points in that game.
11.1.3 The player of the receiving side who served last shall stay in the same
service court from where he served last. The reverse pattern shall apply to the
receiver’s partner.
11.1.4 The player of the receiving side standing in the diagonally opposite
service court to the server shall be the receiver.
11.1.5 The players shall not change their respective service courts until they win
a point when their side is serving.
11.1.6 Service in any turn of serving shall be delivered from the service court
corresponding to the serving side’s score, except as provided in Law 12.
11.2 Order of play and position on court after the service is returned, in a rally,
the shuttle may be hit by either player of the serving side and either player of the
receiving side alternately, from any position on that player’s side of the net, until
the shuttle ceases to be in play (Law 15).
11.3 Scoring and serving
11.3.1 If the serving side wins a rally (Law 7.3), the serving side shall score a
point. The server shall then serve again from the alternate service court.
11.3.2 If the receiving side wins a rally (Law 7.3), the receiving side shall score a
point. The receiving side shall then become the new serving side.
11.4 Sequence of serving in any game, the right to serve shall pass
consecutively:
11.4.1 from the initial server who started the game from the right service court
11.4.2 to the partner of the initial receiver.
11.4.3 to the partner of the initial server
11.4.4 to the initial receiver,
11.4.5 to the initial server and so on.
11.5 No player shall serve or receive out of turn, or receive two consecutive
services in the same game, except as provided in Law 12.
11.6 Either player of the winning side may serve first in the next game, and either
player of the losing side may receive first in the next game.

Module 2-8

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Module 2

Week No: 2-4

Title of Module: Introduction to Badminton

This module consists of (2) lessons namely:

Lesson 1: Brief History, Basic Terms and Facilities and Equipment

Expected Output: Essay Quiz, Illustration and Reflection

Module Time Allotment (weeks or hours): 6 hours

LESSON 1: Brief History, Basic Terms and Facilities and Equipment

At the end of the lesson, you will be able to:

LEARNING OUTPUTS/REQUIREMENTS: Essay Quiz, Illustration and Reflection

A. Brief History of Badminton

ØBird – also called the shuttlecock.

ØLet – a legitimate cessation of a play to allow a rally to be replayed.

ØMatch – a series of games to determine a winner.

ØRally – the exchange of shots while the shuttle is in play.

C. Facilities and Equipment

ii. Head– bounds the stringed area.

iii. Throat – connects the shaft to the head.

iv. Shaft – connects the handle to the head

v. Ferrule – firmly connects the shaft and the handle.

vi. Handle – is intended for a player’s grip

vii. Butt – is located at the tip of the handle

C. Basic Rules and Regulation

The aim of the game is to score points by:

 landing the shuttlecock in your opponent’s court

ABOUT THE LESSON:

At the end of the lesson, you will be able to:

LO1. Identify the basic badminton grips and strokes

LEARNING OUTPUTS/REQUIREMENTS: Essay Quiz, Illustration and Reflection

LESSON TIME ALLOTMENT: 2 hours

As we continue exploring and learning in the world of badminton as a sport, it is

i. the “Thumb Grip” (backhand grip)

i. Thumb Grip (backhand grip)

Diagram 1: Thumb Grip

ii. V – Grip (forehand grip)

So, we must learn strokes first!

There are 4 basic strokes:

i. Overhead forehand – the most common we see the first to learn

i. Overhead Forehand Stroke

ii. Overhead Backhand Stroke

Therefore, avoid the common mistake of swinging like a tennis backhand.

iii. Underarm Forehand Stroke

Power of the Underarm Forehand

iv. Underarm Backhand Stroke

Diagram 3: Four Body Areas

Team USA. (2020). Brief History of Badminton. Retrieved from: https://www.teamusa.org/USA-

LO1. Identify the different Badminton Service and footwork

LEARNING OUTPUTS/REQUIREMENTS: Quizzes and performance task

LESSON TIME ALLOTMENT: 2 hours.

Once you are set, aim and execute the serve.

Diagram 1: Low Backhand Service Position

Diagram 2: High Forehand Service Position

iii. Flick Service

Diagram 3: Flick Service Position

iv. Drive Service

Diagram 4: Drive Service Position

Deciding who gets to serve first

Points, games, and matches

To win, you need a two-point lead

Always say the server’s score first

Which side to serve from?

Odd numbers? Even numbers?

 Odd numbers start at 1, and go up by 2