RAJPUT

ARCHITECTURE
MEWAR
13TH-18TH
CENTURY
SUPRIYA SINHA
2018UAR1077
  Rajput derived From Sanskrit raja-putra, "son of a king“
 the Rajputs originated during the 6th or 7th century, following the
collapse of the Gupta Empire.
 The breakup of Pratiharas empire led to formation of Rajputana States
 Rajput patronized Hinduism and Jainism to some extent
 Rajput practiced the varna system, sati pratha (by women)

ABOUT RAJPUT

SRC : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3ITOEdt4si4 ;
  Rajput Architecture in India reflects an indigenous tradition of religious
architecture found in northern part of India
 The earliest phase of architectural activities of Rajput is reflected by the
ruins of many temple constructed between 6th and 11th century AD
 During 600 AD to 900 AD, the Rajputs had built the Rathas of
Mahabalipuram, the Kailash temple at Ellora and the engravements
of Elephanta.
 The temple architecture of Orissa, Khajuraho, Rajasthan, Madhya
RAJPUT Pradesh and the Pallava, Chola and Hoysala temples in the South
belong to the later Rajput period. (900 A.D. to 1200 A.D.)
ARCHITECTURE

Kailash Temple, Ellora Khandariya Mahadev & Jagadambi Temple, Dilwara Jain Temple, Mount Abu, Rajasthan
Khajuraho,

IMG and CONTENT SRC :Archaeological Survey of India; https://indiapicks.com/annapurna/D_Rajput.html

  Rajput Architecture of Rajasthan is divided into three different
principalities
 Mewar- Chittor, Ranthambhor, Kumbhalgarh and Udaipur
 Marwar- Mandor, Jodhpur, Bikaner, Jaisalmer and Nagaur
 Amber -Amber city, Jaigarh fort, Nahargarh fort and Jaipur

MEWAR
REGION  Mewar is region of south central
Rajasthan state in western India
 Mewar’s Capital- Chittor was
captured by Akbar in 1568

IMG SRC : Pinterest ; CONTENT SRC:“THE SCHOOLS OF RAJPUT ARCHITECTURE DURING MUGHAL PERIOD” thesis by Md. Salim Zaweed ,2015
INFLUENCED POLITICAL
SOCIAL AND
CLIMATIC
UNCERTAINITY FACTORS
BY • Advent of turks in india
CULTURAL • Hot and semi arid climate
introduced arcuate
FACTORS • The temperature of this
region rises above 40°C
style are arches and
• VARNA SYSTEM during summer to 5°C in
domes
• PURDAH SYSTEM winter
• Mughal Friendships
• Annual rainfall 100-150
and Wars
cm

SRC : Thesis interaction of west Indian (Notably Rajasthan) architecture and Mughal architecture during 16th and 17th centuries by Shivani Singh, 2005; YouTube
 • FORT/ Palatial  Water Reservoirs like
 Havelis lakes(Samand),
Structures dams,
TYPOLOGIES stepwells(Baori),
aqueducts

Rajput built dams, artificial lakes,

canals, toranes or arched gateways,
sthambas or towers, fortresses and
palaces

• Temples  Cenotaph  Gardens

IMG SRC : Pinterest
MATERIALS
Sandstone, Stone work, marble and
masonry

 Sandstone  Stone  Marble

IMG SRC : wikipedia

 i) Buildings in the form of solid mass.
ii) Trabeated style.
iii) Flat, pyramidal and vaulted roof.
iv) Drooping eaves supported by brackets.
v) Serpentine brackets.
vi) Oriel windows with hanging corners, jharokas
ARCHITECTURAL vii) Extensive use of Jali (perforated screen).
viii) Niches.
FEATURES ix) Surface decorated with sculpture (human and animal figures)
and ornaments like Kalash and lotus motif, bell and chain on pillars,
sign of crossed triangle (star) and sign of action (swastika) etc.
x) Paintings with fast colors.
xi) In-lay work, and,
xii) Cupolas/ chhatris

SRC : Thesis interaction of west Indian (imotably Rajasthan) architecture and Mughal architecture during 16th and 17th centuries by Shivani Singh 2005
ARCHITECTURE Vaulted roof of
Silah Khana, Udaipur
Painting at inner surface
of dome of Toran Pol.

FEATURES

Squinches, City
IMG SRC :http://hdl.handle.net/10603/253437; https://www.jstor.org/stable/44156230; palace, Udaipur
Flat roof, City palace,
RAJPUT ARCHITECTURE OF THE MEWAR FROM 13 TH TO 18 TH CENTURIES by Md. Salim Zaweed 2012
Udaipur
 Hammir Mahal
,Ranthambore Fort

City palace, udaipur

City palace, udaipur

IMG SRC :http://lustforlifeandadventure.com/the-city-palace-in-udaipur/; http://www.liveindia.com/ranthambhore/hamir_mahal.html
RAJPUT ARCHITECTURE OF THE MEWAR FROM 13 TH TO 18 TH CENTURIES by Md. Salim Zaweed 2012
 City palace, udaipur

kumbha palace
IMG SRC : http://lustforlifeandadventure.com/the-city-palace-in-udaipur/;pinterest; https://www.jstor.org/stable/44156230;
https://i.pinimg.com/originals/d7/ad/a5/d7ada5a8f99611a26497ea8432b59b0c.jpg; https://www.irjet.net/archives/V7/i5/IRJET-V7I5807.pdf
 City palace, udaipur

SURFACE DECORATION

Hammir Mahal,
Ranthambore Fort City palace, udaipur
Zenana mahal Ranthambore Fort
IMG SRC : Pinterest ; http://lustforlifeandadventure.com/the-city-palace-in-udaipur/ ;http://www.liveindia.com/ranthambhore/hamir_mahal.html;
 Patta Haveli in Chittor, Pratap Palace in
Kumbhalgarh fort, Moti Mahal in Moti
The hamir palace, Addition of Kumbha Mungri and Sileh Khana, Rai Angan
Rani Mahal, Hamir Palace in Kumbhalgarh Chowk, Badal or Zanana Mahal, Lakshmi
Kacehri ,Choti Fort, Kunwar Pade Ka Chowks in Udaipur Palace Complex
Kachehri palaces in Mahal in Chittor fort
Ranthambore Fort

Built by Rawal Built by Rana

Ratan Singh I Ratan Singh II
1303 AD 1528-31

1283-1301 1433-1468 -
Built by Hamir Built by Rana Built by Rana
Deo Kumbha Udai Singh II

TIMELINE
The Padmini The Ratan Singh
Palace, Chittor Palace, Chittor
Fort

IMG SRC : http://www.liveindia.com/ranthambhore/hamir_mahal.html; https://www.tourmyindia.com/states/rajasthan/padmini-palace-chittorgarh.html

https://www.astrolika.com/monuments/rana-kumbha-palace.html;https://ratansinghmahal.weebly.com/https://udaipurbox.com/city-palace-udaipur/
 Large no. of structures in Udaipur
Palace Complex included Chandra
Mahal, Dillkhush Mahal, Mor-
TIMELINE Chowk, Manak Chowk, Moti
Mahal, Ganesh Chowk, Surya
Badi Chitrashali, Shiv
Vilas, Chomukha,
Chopad, Sabha Shiromani ka Sahelion ki Badi
Darikhana or Assembly Hall, Suraj
Pol, Toran Pol, Jag Mandir in Built by
Built by Rana Pichola Lake and the city wall Maharana Amar Built by Rana
Amar Singh I with its gates Singh II Jagat Singh II
1597-1620 1698-1710 1734-51

1620-28 1710-34
Built by Rana Built by Rana
Karan Singh I Sangram Singh II

The other buildings of The Amar Vilas or Badi Mahal, Jag Niwas in
Udaipur palace complex – Darikhana Pol, Nav Chowki Pichola Lake
Ganesh Deodhi, Badi Pol, Mahal, Bhim Vilas, Tripolia Gate
Amar Mahal and Supari
IMG SRC : http://www.liveindia.com/ranthambhore/hamir_mahal.html; https://www.tourmyindia.com/states/rajasthan/padmini-palace-chittorgarh.html;
Mahal in Ranthambore Fort https://live.staticflickr.com/7735/26900283493_255217c9f8.jpg ;http://www.thehistoryhub.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Jag-Mandir-Images.jpg
;https://thrillingtravel.in/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/Gates-to-the-City-Palace-Udaipur.jpg;
  Thus it appears that from the period of Hamir Deo to Rana Ratan
Singh II, very simple architectural elements were employed in
building construction.
 Most new developments in the field of architecture took place
during the period of Rana Udai Singh II. This was the period which
was contemporaneous with Humayun and Akbar.
EVOLUTION  From the period of Rana Karan Singh I to that of Rana Amar Singh
II full fledged borrowings of many of the 'Mughal' architectural
elements took place.
 From the reign of Hamir Deo to that of Rana Sangram Singh II, we
find 27 types of arches, 14 types of pillars, 15 types of brackets, 12
types of niches, 9 types of ceilings, 6 types of roofing as well as 6
types of squinches.

CONTENT SRC :RAJPUT ARCHITECTURE OF THE MEWAR FROM 13 TH TO 18 TH CENTURIES by Md. Salim Zaweed 2012
BAGORE KI
HAVELI
,UDAIPUR
Completed in 1865

SRC :Dissertation On traditional construction material used in rajasthan by DIPESH JAIN

  ARCHITECT : This Haveli was built by Shri Amarchand Badwa, who
was the Prime Minister of Mewar State of Rajasthan during the
reign of Mewar kings, namely, Maharana Pratap Singh - II,
Maharana Ari Singh, Maharana Hamir Singh, etc. during the period
1751 to 1778.
 The bagore ki haveli is located in Udaipur Rajasthan has been
inspired by the traditional art and craft of the city. Located right
on the waterfront of lake pichola at gangore ghat.
INTRODUCTION  Its now a museum and stages enjoyable performance of
traditional dance and music of Rajasthan

IMG SRC :https://tse4.mm.bing.net/th?id=OIP.I-T51A0kd3ncr9gB26M5hAHaHa&pid=Api&P=0&w=300&h=300

  It is a unique and arresting complex of several palaces, pavilions,
gardens and temples
 The haveli has over a hundred rooms, with displays of costumes and
modern art. The glass and mirror in the interiors are haveli work. It
also preserves an example of mewar painting on the walls of the
queen's chamber.
 While strolling in the haveli, you can also see the private quarters of
the royal ladies, their bath rooms, dressing rooms, bed rooms, living
rooms, worship rooms and recreation rooms.
ARCHITECTURE  The architectural built form of havelis has evolved in response to the
climate, lifestyle and availability of material.
 In hot climates where cooling is a necessity, buildings with internal
courtyards were considered the most appropriate. It acted as a
perfect shading technique, while also allowing light inside. The arcade
along the court, or the high wall around it, kept the interiors cool.
 Materials- Baked bricks, sandstone, marble, wood, plaster and granite
are commonly used materials. Decorative aspects are influenced by
various local culture and traditions.

SRC : Dissertation On traditional construction material used in rajasthan by DIPESH JAIN

  The unique architectural of the State of Rajasthans shows well-
proportioned architectural elements such as arches, chhatris and
jharokhas, intricately carved columns, jalis, brackets and balconies
ARCHITECTURE in addition to other architectural work like railings, chhajjas, etc.

ELEMENTS
balconies
Jharoka Arch and
decoration

Entrance
Entrance Court Entrance Gate

IMG SRC : https://www.exploreudaipur.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Bagore-Ki-Haveli-Main-Entrence.jpg; https://www.rajasthandirect.com/wp-

content/uploads/2013/08/Bagore-Ki-Haveli-src-Flickr-Devender.jpg; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bagore_ki_Haveli,_Rajasthan.jpg
  In the finishing work, aaraish, stucco and khamira were used
 Ornamentation work in mirror, coloured glass, frescoes, panni,
meena, dakmeena and mandana works are found in many havelis.

Mirror Work Glass window

ARCHITECTURE
ELEMENTS

IMG SRC :https://www.ohmyrajasthan.com/uploads/20/15139369558175480274_988105f6fa_o.jpg

AMET HAVELI
,UDAIPUR
Completed in 1752
  The Present Amet Haveli Was built during the rule of
Maharana Jagat Singh Ji –2nd of Udaipur between 1734-1752
A.D.
 ARCHITECT : the Jagirdar of Sardargarh constructed the AMET
HAVELI.
 The architectural design of Amet Haveli is basically influenced
by the Mughal gardens of forts of Delhi and Agra.
 Amet Haveli is a perfect place to explore the traditional
material of Rajasthani architecture and life style of the royal
INTRODUCTION family
 One of the finest heritage haveli in the Udaipur city, Amet
Haveli is located on a corner of Lake Pichola Located outside
Chandpole, inspired by the traditional art and craft of the city.
 Its now a Hotel and has the famous restaurant Ambrai

IMG SRC :https://www.transindus.co.uk/media/15531/amet-banner2.jpg

  It is a unique complex of several palaces, pavilions, gardens and
traditional architecture.
 The Haveli has over a 25rooms, with displays of old heritage
paintings. The glass and mirror in the interiors are Haveli work. It
also preserves an example of Mewar painting and history on the
walls.
 While strolling in the Haveli, you can also see the private quarters
of the royal bedrooms, suites, dinning room, living room,
courtyard, restaurant, ghat, swimming pool, Darbar hall.
 The architectural built form of Havelis has evolved in response to
the climate, lifestyle and availability of material.
ARCHITECTURE  In hot climates where cooling is a necessity, buildings with internal
courtyards were considered the most appropriate. It acted as a
perfect shading technique, while also allowing light inside.
 Haveli had a grand reception room for receiving formal visitors
and for festival gatherings or family celebrations.
 Some had a further reception room in the zenana, and some had
screened viewing windows to allow the women to watch certain of
the men’s festivities.
 Baked bricks, white stone, marble, wood, plaster and granite are
commonly used materials.
 Entrance of
Amet haveli

Ambrai Restaurant
Entrance

ARCHITECTURE
ELEMENTS

IMG SRC :http://www.amethaveliudaipur.com/gallery.html;pinterest

 arch
brackets
chhatri

ARCHITECTURE ceiling
NICHES

ELEMENTS

IMG SRC : Pinterest; https://www.heritagehotelsofindia.com/pictures/hotels/hotel_60_b.jpeg;

http://www.amethaveliudaipur.com/gallery.html
  http://www.amethaveliudaipur.com/
 http://www.liveindia.com/ranthambhore/hamir_mahal.html
 https://www.culturopedia.com/rajput-architecture/
 https://www.scribd.com/doc/109577263/Bagore-Ki-Haveli-Udaipur-Documentation
by Kiran Keswani architect
 https://www.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/rajput-architecture-1414749438-1
 https://www.irjet.net/archives/V7/i5/IRJET-V7I5807.pdf
 https://indiapicks.com/annapurna/D_Rajput.htm
BIBLIOGRAPHY  Thesis interaction of west Indian (Notably Rajasthan) architecture and Mughal
architecture during 16th and 17th centuries, thesis by Shivani Singh, 2000, AMU
 Dissertation On traditional construction material used in Rajasthan (Sinhgad
College of Architecture, Pune) by DIPESH JAIN
 “THE SCHOOLS OF RAJPUT ARCHITECTURE DURING MUGHAL PERIOD” thesis
by Md. Salim zaweed 2015, AMU
 RAJPUT ARCHITECTURE OF THE MEWAR FROM 13 TH TO 18 TH CENTURIES by
Md. Salim Zaweed, 2012 (Published by: Indian History Congress )
Thank you!