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‫)‪(osmosis lab‬‬
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‬ ‫هذا ا>لف شامل للمحاضرة كاملة
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‬ ‫با‪L‬ضافة الى بعض ا>‪H‬حظات من شرح الدكتور
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‬ ‫بالتوفيق
يادكاترة " !‬
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‫تيم الفسيولوجي •‬
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# osmosis

• It is the movement of the solvent (water in our bodies) through a semipermeable

membrane from the soluton with low concentraton of solute to the soluton with

high concentraton of solute.

# osmosis the main cause of :

• movement of water in and out of cells.

• absorpton of water in the intestnes.

• water re-absorpton in the capillaries and in the renal tubules.

# Osmotic pressure

• The ability of a soluton to absorb water from other solutons. It depends on the

number of the dissolved partcles of the solute.

# Which solute has osmotic efect?

• A solute will only produce an osmotc efect if the membrane does not allow it to

pass i.e the membrane is not permeable to it.

‫نها صغيرة و تستطيع‬/ ‫هذي الجزيئات‬

‫النفاذ عبر الغشاء ليس‬

‫سموزية‬/‫لها تأثير على ا‬

/‫نها كبيرة و‬/ ‫هذي الجزيئات‬

‫تستطيع النفاذ عبر الغشاء‬

‫سموزية‬/‫لها تأثير على ا‬

# Osmosis:

movement of solvent across Semi-permeable membrane to area of high

concentraton of solute

#Which solute has osmotic efect in our bodies?

‫جدار الشعيرات الدموية عالي النفاذية عشان‬

• All solutes have osmotc efect across cell membranes

‫زما بروت> اللي تسبب ضغط‬B‫كذا بس الب‬

• Only colloids have osmotc efect across capillary membrane ( ‫بس غشاء الخلية كل شيء ذايب له أثر )ضغط‬

‫ن نفاذيته منخفضه‬Q ‫إسموزي‬

#ECF osmolality

• The osmolality of plasma is 275 ‒ 300 mosm/L. the average value for adults is

290 mosm/L.

• It is mostly due to crystalloids (Na+, Cl-, glucose, bicarbonates, k+, ca2+, PO3-).

• mosm = mmol/number of dissociatng partcles

• 1 mmol of Na+ = 1 mosm

• 1 mmol of NaCl = 2 mosm Cl ‫ و‬Na ‫نه يتأين الى‬N

• 1 mmol of glucose = 1 mosm

• 1 mmol of CaCl2 = 3 mosm ECF osmolarity depend one the number of solutes

‫نجمع اعداد الجزئيات مع بعض بغض النظر عن النوع‬

#Osmotic pressure
‫ جزيئات‬٣ = ‫ بوتاسيوم‬١ + ‫صوديوم‬٢ ‫يعني عادي اقول‬

• It is expressed as osmolality.

• 1 mosm/L of solute generates about 19 mmHg of pressure.

• The average osmolality of the extracellular fuid (plasma osmolality) 290mosm/L

(about 5500 mmHg).

• the osmotc pressure due to colloids is 1.3 mosm/L (25 mmHg).

• The osmolality of the intracellular fuid is normally equal to that of the extracellular

fuid.

#Plasma tonicity

• The osmolality of plasma (275 ‒ 300 mosm/L)is called its tonicity

•isotonic( 275 -300 mosm/L) is a soluton that has osmolality almost like plasma

• hypotonic ( < 275 mosm/L ) is a soluton with osmolality lower than plasma

•hypertonic ( > 300 mosm/L ) is a soluton with osmolality higher than plasma

What happend to cells in:

• Isotonic solution : no change

• Hypotonic solution : swell, malfunction and may rupture

• Hypertonic solution : shrink and malfunction

hypotonic solution

hypertonic solution

# Our cells

• Our body cells are surrounded by the ECF. They live in an isotonic soluton.

• Intravenous fuids given to patents are usually isotonic to avoid osmotc injury to

cells.

• The most commonly used isotonic soluton is 0.9% NaCl which is also called 9/L.

its osmolality is about 306 mosm/L.

• Another commonly used isotonic soluton is 5% dextrose (glucose)

‫ للمريض عالية‬toncity‫ إذا كانت ال‬hypotonic ‫غذيات‬h‫أحيانا تكون ا‬

( ‫ركزية ) القريبة للقلب‬h‫ورده ا‬Q‫ قويه لذلك أحطها بمنطقه فيها سريان دم عالي مثل ا‬hypertonic‫غذيات ال‬h‫ا‬

‫أما البقيه عادي يتم حقنهم بأي مكان‬