TIEU CHUAN QUOC GIA — iO < = TCVN 6238-5A:2017 ISO 8124-5:2015 Xuéat ban lan 4 AN TOAN BO CHO! TRE EM - PHAN 5A: XAC DINH TONG HAM LUONG MOT SO NGUYEN TO TRONG 0 CHO! Safety of toys - Part 5: Determination of total concentration of certain elements in toys HA NOI - 2017TCVN 6238-5A:2017 Loi néi dau TCVN 6238-5A:2017 hoan toan tong duong voi ISO 8124-5:2015 TCVN 6238-5A:2017 do Ban ky thuét Tiéu chudn quée gia TCVN/TC 181: An toan dé choi tré em bién soan, Téng cyc Tiéu chudn Bo lweng Chat lugng dé nghi BO Khoa hoc va Cénig nghé cong bd. BO TCVN 6238, An fodn dé choi tré em, gdm céc phn sau: = TCVN 6238-1:2017 (ISO 8124-1:2014), Phan 1: Céc yéu cau an toan lién quan én tinh cht co ly. ~ TCVN 6238-2:2017 (ISO 8124-2:2014), Phan 2: Tinh chy. = TCVN 6238-3:2011 (ISO 8124-3:2010), Phan 3: Giéi han mire théi nhiém cia mt sé nguyén t6 déc hai. = TOVN 6238-4A:2017 (ISO 8124-4:2014), Phan 4A: Bu, cdu trugt va cdc a choi van déng tong ty si dung tai gia dinh. ~- TCVN 6238-4:1997 (EN 71-4:1990), Phan 4: BO dd choi thyc nghiém vé hod hoc va cdc hoat dong lién quan. ~ TCVN 6238-5A;2007 (ISO 8124-5:2015), Phan 5A: X4e dinh ting ham lugng mot sé nguyén td trong 45 choi. - TCVN 6238-5:1997 (EN 71-5:1993), Phan 5: BO 43 choi héa hoc ngoai b6 choi thye nghigm. + TCVN 6238-6:2015 (ISO 8124-6:2014), Phan 6: MOt sé este phtalat trong 43 choi va san phdm danh cho tr em. + TCVN 6238-7:2017 (ISO 8124-7:2015), Phan 7; Yeu cau va phuong phap thiy cho son ding bang tay. - TOVN 6238-8:2016 (ISO/TR 8124-8:2014), Phan 8: Huéng dan xao dinh tubi sir dung. . = TCVN 6238-9:2010 (EN 71-9:2005), Phan 9: Hop cht hod hoc hiru co - Yéu eau chung. = TCVN 6238-10:2010 (EN 71-10:2005), Phan 10: Hop ch&t hod hec hau oo = Chuén bi va chiét mau; = TCVN 6238-11:2010 (EN 71-11:2005), Phan 11: Hop chét hoa hoc how co - Phuong phép phan tich.TCVN 6238-5A:2017 Loi gidi thiéu Xem A.1 (sir dung va 4p dyng). Tiéu chudn nay quy dinh phuong phép xée dinh téng ham lugng cua mét sé nguyén 6 o6 trong vat ligu 3 choi. Tidu chudn cb thé duge sir dyng 48 quyét dinh xem ad choi 06 cn phai thi theo phuong phap quy dinh trong TCVN 6238-3 (ISO 8124-3) hoac trong cc tiéu chudn khac tyong dung hay khong, vi dy EN 71-3:1994/AC:2002 ho&ic ASTMF963, Mét vat ligu dug coi 14 phi hyp voi yéu cau cua TCVN 6238-3 (ISO 8124-3) néu két qua thir ting ham Ivong nguyén t6 thép hon céc giéi han duoc quy dinh trong TCVN 6238-3 (ISO 8124-3), Bang 1. Néu gid ti d6 vugt qué cdc gidi han néu trong TCVN 6238-3 (ISO 8124-3), Bang 4 thi phai thir nghigm theo TCVN 6238-3 (ISO 8124-3) 8 xée inh sy phi hep voi tiéu chudn d6, Ngoai ra, trong pham vi ola tiéu chudn nay cé thé dura ra cc quyét dinh vé sy phi hgp clia vat ligu voi yéu cau bat ky vé gidi han téng ham lugng cia mot sb nguyén 16. Khi cd yéu cau vé thir nghigm thoi nhiém, tiéu chudn nay chi duge sir dung dé x4c nhan v8 mat dinh tinh sy phil hyp voi céc gigi han quy dinh, Ngu®i sir dung tigu chudn nay duge luu y ring tiéu chun chi duc xay dig cho tém nguyén t6 ligt ké trong Bang 1, Viéc sir dung phurong phép nay cho c&c nguyén t6 khac phai dug xem xét, quyét dinh bdi ngudi sir dung,TIEU CHUAN QUOC GIA TCVN 6238-5A:2017 An toan dé choi tré em - Phan 5A: Xac dinh tong ham lwong mt s6 nguyén té trong do choi Safety of toys - Part 5: Determination of total concentration of certain elements in toys 1 Pham vi ap dung 4.4. Tiéu chun nay quy dinh phuong phép lay mau va vé co hoa mau trudc khi tién hanh phan tich téng ham lueng cé¢ nguyén té nh antimon, asen, bari, cadimi, crom, chi, thiy ngén va selen 6 trong vat ligu 6 choi va cée chi tiét ca 48 choi. CHU THICH Cac nguyén té Khée c6 thé duge xde dinh theo phuong phap nay mién sao ching minh dugc tinh ning phan tich day di Nha sén xudt duge khuyén Khich &p dyng phurong phép nay va cdc giéi han quy dinh trong TCVN 6238-3 (ISO 8124-3) cho nguy8n val ligu duge si dyng trong sn xudt 68 choi a8 tang mic 66 phi hgp v6i céc yéu edu trong TCVN 6236-3 (ISO 8124-3). 4.2. Cac phuong phdp v6 co héa mau déi véi c&c nguy€n t6 néu trong 1.4 durge quy dinh cho cc loal vat ligu 46 choi sau: - Lop phi son, vec ni, son dau, myc in, polyme va cdc I6p phi turong ty; - Vat ligu potyme va cdc vat ligu tong ty, gdm vat ligu nhibu lép (laminate), 06 ho&c khong gia curng vat ligu dét, nhung khéng bao gdm cdc vat ligu dét khac; = Gidy, gidy cdc ting va cdc ting: ~ _ Vatligu det ty nbién hoc ting hop; ~ Vat ligu kim logi ob phi ho&c khéng phi; - Vat ligu khdc duge nhugm khéi hoc khéng (vi dy g6, van sgi ép, van gd ép, vat ligu xuong va da thugc); = Vat igu 06 kha nang 48 lai vat (vi dy vt ligu graphit trong but chi va mye Iéng trong but myc); = Vatligu déo ding 48 nan, gbm dat sét nn va gel nan; = Son duge ding trong dé chai, gdm son ding bang tay, vec ni, son dau va vat liu twang ty & dang ran hoae long;TCVN 6238-5A:2017 = Vat ligu bao g6i 1a mot phan cla dd choi hodc 06 gia tr] ding dé choi (xem A.2.1, bao géi). CHU THICH Phuong phap vo co hoa mBu di v6i thiy tinh, gém va vat ligu silicat khac ho&c polyme flo hoa ho8c lép phi polyme flo héa khong dugc mé ta trong tiéu chuan va cécloai vat ligu 5 choi nay nim ngoai pham Vi cla tiéu chudn (xem A.1, str dyng va ap dung). ° 2 Tai ligu vién dan Céc tai ligu vidn dn sau rt cdn thiét cho vige 4p dyng tiéu chudn nay. B6i voi ede tai ligu vien dan ghi nam cong bé thi 4p dung ban dugc néu. di vbi c&c tai figu vign d&n khdng ghi n&m céng bé thi ap dung phién ban méi nhét, bao gdm 08 c&c sia déi. TCVN 4851 (ISO 3696), Nude ding dé phan tich trong phong thi nghigm - Yéu cdu ky thuét va phuong phap the. TCVN 6238-1 (ISO 8124-1), An foan dé choi tré em — Phén 1: Céc yéu ou an toan lién quan dén tinh chét oo ly. TCVN 6238-3 (ISO 8124-3), An loan dé choi tré em - Phan 3: Gidi han mizc thoi nhiém cua mét s6 nguyén t6 dic hai. 3 Thuat ngi va dinh nghia Trong tidu chuan nay, ép dung céc thuat ngv va dinh nghta sau day. 34 Vat ligu nn (base material) Vat Iigu ma trén 46 cdc I6p phu (3.2) 06 thé duge hinh thanh hodic dong lal. 32 Lep phi (coating) Tat ca cac lop vat ligu dug hinh thanh hoge dong lai trén vat ligu nén (3.1) eta dd choi bao gdm son, vécni, son dau, myc in, polyme hoa c&c hgp chat khac c6 ban cht trong ty, c6 ho&c khéng cd cac hat kim logi, khéng quan tam dén céch thire ching durgc phi lén 68 choi. CHU THICH 1 Dinh nghia nay bao gdm lop phd kim logi duge phi 1én b& mat kim loai nhu Ia 1p phi ma dign. ‘Tuy nhién, chi thi lop ma dién néu 06 thé cao (3.8) dug lop ma d6 ra; néu khOng durgc, o6 thé thir lop ma cling v6i vatligunén, 33 V6 co héa mau hoan toan (complete digestion) Pha ve hoan toan vat ligu ban dau va chi dé lai can khéng héde tan, 34 Mau thor hén hep (composite test portion) Mu this (3.9) gdm nhidu hon mot loai vat ligu tong ty hod vat lig cling mau. 6TCVN 6238-5A;2017 35 Gi6i han phat hign ctia thiét bj (detection limit of instrument) Ba lan 49 léch chudn cita két qua thu dugc trong phép this trang Khi st? dung thiét bi nhat dinh. 36 Mau phéng thi nghigm (laboratory sample) D8 choi & dang duge ban ngoai thj truéng hoac & dang duge thiét ké 48 dua ra thi trudng. 37 Mau trang (sample blank) ‘Dung dich trai qua qéa trinh vO co héa mau tuong ty nhu qéa trinh str dung dé v6 co héa mau thy (3.9) va bao gdm tét c& cac héa chét nhung khéng o6 mau thir. 38 Cao (scraping) Quy trinh co hoe sir dung 48 Idy Iép phil (3.2) ra khdi vat ligu n&n (3.1) bang céch sir dung mét lu6i dao se, vi dy nhu dao cao. 39 Mau thir (les! portion) Vat ligu don 16 duge ly tir mot phan tiép xGc duge ca mau phong thi nghigm (3.6). CHU THICH 1 Binh nghia nay loai tri vi8c hén hep cdc vét ligu khéc nhau, vi dy kh6ng duge hin hop vat ligu dét va lép phi son. 4 — Nguyén tac Mu thir 63 chuan bj due vd co hoa mu bang exit manh tai nhigt 4 cao sir dung ky thugt vd co héa mau bang bép dign, kj thuat vb cor ha mu bang khdi néng hoge hé théng vo co héa mu bing 16 vi séng. Phuong phép vé co hoa mau bang axit ndng phé hy nén vat ligu, cho phép c&c nguyén #6 c&n phan tich dure hoa tan va éuge dinh Ivong bang thiét bj phn tich phu hop (xem Bieu 9, gid’ han phat hign ca phuong phap phan tich bang thiét bi). 5 — Thuédc thir va thiét bj, dung cy 5.4 Thudc thir Chi sir dung cac héa chdt tinh khiét phan tich dugc céng nhan hodc héa chat trong dung. Nong 66 clia chat ph&n tich ho&c chat dnh hudng trong thudc thir va trong nuéc phai khéng d4ng ké khi so s&nh voi ning d6 thép nhat dug xac dinh. Phai str dung thude thir c&p “kim loai dang vét" ho&c cép tong duong 68 pha ché céc chudn xéy dyng duéng chuan st dyng trong bute dinh lveng bang thiét bi. 5.1.1 Axit nitric, d&c 1,40 g/ml, 65 % (v/v), cp tinh khiét phan tich.TCVN 6238-5A:2017 5.4.2 Axit nitric, 10 % (viv): Them 100 ml axit nitric dc (5.1.1) vo 500 ml née (5.1.4). Pha loang voi nude (5.1.4) dén 1000 mi. 5.1.3 Axit clohydric, dc 1,19 giml, 37 % (v/v), cAp tinh khiét phan tich. 5.1.4 Nwéc, 161 thidu la nuéc tinh khiét fogi 3 phi hop vSi TCVN 4851 (ISO 3696). 5.1.5 Hydro peoxit, 30 % (vv). CHU THICH Hydro peoxit chua duge én dinh phai durge Ivu gitr lanh (nhi6t 6 4°C hoge thdp hon). 5.1.6 Metyien clorua, c4p tinh khiét phan tich. 5.1.7 Dung dich axeton/etanol, hén hyp 1:1 cua etanol tuyét déi va axeton (cp tinh khiét phan tich). 5.2 Thiét bi, dung cy Tét 04 cdc thiét bj bang thiy tinh phai duge ngam trong dung dich axit nitric 10 % (viv) (6.1.2) trong It nhdt 2 h va sau 6 duge trang bang nuée khi ion truéc khi sie dung. 5.2.1 H@ théng vé co héa mau bang Id vi séng H@ théng chuan bj mau bang Id vi song 6 ldp dat gid gitr mau va binh vo co’ héa mu bang 16 vi song 4p sudt cao (5.2.2, binh v6 co héa mau bang 16 vi s6ng ap suat cao). CHU THICH 1 Mt 85 model he théng v6 cor hoa méu bang id vi séng logi méi hon khéng sir dyng binh vo oo héa mu ap suét cao va cdc hé théng nay 06 thé duge sir dung thay thé mién la ching ¢6 tinh nang twong duong. CHU THICH 2 Cé nhidu khuyén cdo vé v4n a3 an toan va van hanh 661 voi model nay va nha sén xut thiét bj 18 vi song sir dung trong cdc phong thir nghigm riéng bigt. Ngudi phan tich phai tham khdo theo s8 tay huéng Bn, nba san xuét va tai figu 68 o thé van hanh ding va en todn thiét bj 16 vi song cing nhy binh vd ov hoa mu (xem A.3 canh béo lin quan dén vigc str dung phyong phdp vo co héa mau bing 16 vi séng). 5.2.2 Binh vé co héa mau bang |é vi séng 4p suat cao Binh 06 ndp day 06 dung tich phis hyp duc thiét ké G8 vO co hoa m&u bang 16 vi song. Nén sir dung binh 06 kha nang chiu duce & nhiét 46 it nhét bang 225 °C va 4p sudt bén trong it nhdt bang 3000 kPa. L6p trong cla binh phai bang PTFE (polytetrafluoroetylen)/TFM [[ris-(a-trifluoromety!-B,B-difluorovinyl)- 1,3,5-enzentricarboxylat] hofic PTFE/PFA (perfluoroalkyletylen) hodc vat ligu tro héa hoc khdc. Binh phai dug lp mot van hodc dia ty ngét an toan dé bao vé binh khéng bi va ho&e day np binh ra ngoai, CHU THICH 1 Lap I6t trong phai duc kiém tra thuding xuyén dé phat hién céc déu higu hu hai hoa hoc ho&c vat ly. CHU THICH 2 Ap sudt b&n trong vuryt qué 3000 kPa o6 thd xay ra v6i mot s6 méu, vi dy bit mau va trong ce trutng hyp nhu vey phai sir dung mot binh cao Sp phi hap, vi dy 5000 kPa. 5.2.3 Dao, hoc dung cy cao hoc cat phi hyp. 5.2.4 May nghién sir dung trong phong thi nghiém .TCVN 6238-5A:2017 5.2.5 May nghién quay, thudng hay ding cac may nghién da. 5.2.6 May ly tam, co kha nding ly tam & the 49 (5000 # 500) 9, voi cae éng tuong thich. 5.2.7 Can phan tich, 06 thé edn chinh xac dén 0,0001 g. 5.2.8 Phéu loc tinh bang Polypropylen hod PFTE, of 18 0,45 ym. 5.2.9 Binh dinh mirc, dung tich 25 mi ho&e 100 ml co ndp day. 5.2.10 Pipet, loai 1 ml,5 mi, 10 ml, 20 miv.v... 5.2.14 Céc, dung tich khac nhau gdm 25 mi, 50 mi, 100 mi v.v... 5.2.12 Bép dién, o6 thé van hanh & nhigt d b& mat lén dén it nhdt 140 °C. CHU THICH Mién la bép dign cé thé gia nhigt thém theo yéu cau, str dung tém thiy tinh bén nhigt day 12 mm dn 25 mm dat len trén bép sé gidp giam hign tung néng cyc bb thung cé cila cdc bép dign. 5.2.13 Gidy Igc va phéu loc 5.2.14 Thiét bj vo co’ héa mau khéi néng, Khdi kim loai dug gia nhiét ob cai dat nhiét do it nhét len én 140 °C (06 thé cai Gat theo churong trinh va 0d céc thm nhiét) va cde binh v6 co’ hoa mu cd dung tich phd h¢p. 6 —_Lya chon va hén hgp mau thir Xem A.1.2 (cdc xem xét thyc té d8 quyét dinh co hén hop mu thir hay khéng). 6.1 Lyachon méu thir Mau thi phai duge ldy tiv cac phan tiép xtc duge [xem TCVN 6238-1 (ISO 8124-1)] cla mau phng thi nghiém theo Bidu 7 (chudn bj mu thiv). Néu can, m&u phong thi nghiém phai trai qua cdc phép thir tuong tng theo tiéu chun TCVN 6238-1 (ISO 8124-1), trurée khi xem xét kha nang tiép xc dupe. Cée vat ligu twong tty nhau trong mau phéng thi nghiém cb th8 dug két hop va xi I nhur mot mau thir riéng, nhung Khong dugc phép str dung mau phdng thi nghiém bd sung. Néu khong thé thu duge it ht 10 mg thi khong thy hién thi nghi¢m va phai bao céo theo Diu 11 c) (béo cdo thév nghiém). Nén ldy khéi lugng mau thi trong khoaing 100 mg khi cd dug lvgng vgt ligu ph hop. 6.2 Hn hop mau thir Tw ba mau thir tro len 06 thd duge két hgp tao thanh mét mau thir hén hgp mién 1a gidi han phat hién yéu cau 06 thé dat duge (xem A.1.2, xem xét thye té 48 quyét dinh co hén hop mau thir hay khOng) va cc vat ligu durge két hop ging nhau vé ban chat. Khong duge phép hén hop céc vat ligu khéc nhau, vi dy hin hgp vat ligu dét va lép son phi. Khi tinh todn ham lugng cla mét nguyén 16 quan tam trong mét vat liéu, ngudi ta coi téng hdm lugng cla nguyén t6 dé dug tim théy trong mu d& duge v5 oo hoa c6 chira trong bét ky mét vat liu thanh Ng = 9,806 65 mis,TCVN 6238-5A:2017 phan nao. Str dung gid thiét nay va khéi lugng cla cdc vat ligu riéng biét, tinh téng ham lugng cia nguyén t6 quan tém d6i véi tirng vat ligu riéng biét trong mau thir hin hep. 7 ~~ Chuan bj mau thir Cée vat ligu Ky tir m4u phéng thi nghigm dug chon dé thir theo Bidu 6 (la chon va hin hyp mau thi) va durge ldy ra b&ng dung cy cét nhu dao, banh, k6o, dung cy mai va nghi8n nhy mé t& dudi day. Néu str dung may nghién {nhur may nghién (5.2.4) hoge dung cy nghién quay (6.2.5) voi c&c dau Aghién diing mt lan} thi cdc phan bj nhiém ban bat ky phai due riza sach hoac loai bé gitra hai lin sir ‘dung d8 tranh nhiém chéo, Bém bdo rang dung oy khéng lam nhiém ban vat ligu due chudn bi. Trong 7.1 dén 7.9, Idy di lugng vat ligu d8 c6 duge khéi lurgng méu thir trong khoang tir 10 mg dén 100 mg. Trong truéng hop 6 It hon 10 mg vat ligu (xem 6.1, iva chen mau tha”) thl khong cn phai thir va phai bao c4o theo Bidu 11 c) (B4o cdo thir nghi¢m). V6 co h6a mu thir da chudn bj theo quy trinh mo ta trong 8.1 (v6 co héa bang Id vi séng) hoae 8.2 (vo co héa mau bang bép dign va vO co héa mau bang khéi néng). 7.4 Lép phi son, vecni, son du, myc in, polyme va lop phi tuong ty Lay ting I6p phi khéc nhau tir m&u phong thi nghi¢m bling cach cao xubng 16p vat ligu nén, cdn than dé tranh ldy phai vat ligu nén. Khi c6 lop phil in ban dé (dot printing), khéng thé tach riéng céc mau ra va vi vay cdn léy cac Iép phil nay theo cdch sao cho thu duoc mot mau thir dai dién, ‘Di véi mét s6 lop phii dong trén vat ligu nén kh8ng phai polyme, cho phép thém vai git dung méi nhu hén hyp aceton/etanol (5.1.7) hoac metylen clorua (6.1.6), 48 lam mam lép son va dS dang lay ching ra khéi vat ligu nén. Trong ln dau tién, nén sir dung aceton/etanol (5.1.7). Néu vige xir ly nay khong hiGu qua trong vide Idy l6p phi ra thi 6 thé six dung metylen clorua trong ta hat. Néu ding phuong phap xir ly bang dung mdi thi phai dam bao rang tat ca cdc vét dung méi duge loai bé bang céch cho bay hoi true khi vb co héa mu bang [6 vi séng (xem 8.1, v6 oo” hoa mau bang I6 vi ‘s6ng). Chia lop phi da léy thanh cdc mau nhé 06 d6 dai t6i da theo huréng bat ky bang 2 mm 4é thugn gi cho viéc v6 co hoa mau. 7.2 Vat ligu polyme va twong ty, gdm laminat cd ho&e khéng gia cudng vat ligu dét, nhung Khong bao gdm vat ligu det khae Cao ra, cat ho&e nghi8n vat ligu khd sach thanh cdc miéng nhé cd chiéu dai tdi da theo hudng bat ky bang 2 mm bang dao hoa dung cy cét ho&e cao phi hyp, 7.3. Gidy, gidy céc tong va cac tong Xem A2.2 (gidy, gidy cdc tong va cde tong). Ct vat ligu thanh ce miéng nhé o6 chidu dai tdi da theo huéng bat ky bang 2 mm bang dung cy cat phi hop.TCVN 6238-5A:2017 Néu gidy ho&e gidy céc ting duge thir cb phi son, vecni, son du, myc in, keo dinh hoac lop phit tuong ty, mau thir cla lop phil khong duge tach riéng ra. Trong trudng hop nhw vay ly mau thir tr vat ligu sao cho nd bao gdm cdc phan dai dién ciia ving durgc phi. Vat ligu duge in, trong d6 myc in la mOt phan cia vat ligu nén thi phai duge chuan bj giéng nhu voi mau khong duge in. 7.4 V§t ligu dét ty nhién hogc téng hop CAt vat ligu thanh c&c miéng nhé cé chiéu dai t6i da theo huéng bat ky bang 2 mm bang dung cy cat phir hop. Néu mu kh6ng & dang vat ligu ding nh&t hoa cb mau dng nhat, thi c6 thé dy mu thir tir tleng vat ligu ho&c mau khéc nhau v6i khéi long In hon 100 mg. Cée vat ligu ho&e mau 06 lung ndm trong khoang tir 10 mg dén 100 mg phai tao thanh phan cia méu thir duoc ly tir vat ligu chinh. Mu thir duge ly tte vat ligu dét 6 hoa van phai Gai dién cho ton bd vat ligu, 7.5 Cac vat ligu khée, duoc nhugm khdi hose khéng Ct, cao ho&e nghién vat ligu thanh céc ming nhd 06 chidu dai téi da theo huéng bat ky bang 2 mm bang dung cy ct phi hop. 7.6 Vat ligu dé tai vét Ly mau thir tir tirng vat ligu khdc nhau trong méu phang thi nghiém, & dang ma chting xuét hién trong m&u phong thi nghiém, dam bao vat ligu duo at thanh cae miéng nhé o6 chidu dai tdi da theo hudng bat ky baing 2 mm, 7.7 Vat ligu déo ding 48 nan gdm dat sét nan va gel nan Lay mau thi ti tig vat ligu ho&c mau khac nhau cia vat ligu & dang ma ching xudt hign trong mau phong thi nghigm, nghia la khong 68 vat ligu bj khO. Cat vat ligu thanh miéng nhd c6 chidu dai t6i da ‘theo hung bat ky bang 2 mm. 7.8 Son, bao gdm son ding bang tay, vec ni, son dau va vat ligu tuong ty & dang ran hoge Tang 7.8.1 Vat ligu & dang ran ‘Str dung dung cy phi hyp dé xay, nghi&n hode cat mau thanh céc phan 06 chidu dai téi da theo hudéng bat ky bing 2 mm. Son diing bang tay & dang bét phai Guge pha long véi nude (5.1.4) theo huéng dan cla nha sin >xudt va sau & chudn bi theo 7.8.2 (vat ligu & dang léng). 7.8.2 Vat ligu & dang long ‘Dam bao ring tat ca cdc vat ligu Lang xuéng duge hep nhét trong mau bang céch cao va léc co hoc trong thdi gian dai. Ngay truée khi lay m&u, dam bao chét léng déng nhat bang cach Khudy hoge lde trong 5 min, Lay mdu thi v6i lugng ndm trong khoang tt 10 mg va 100 mg. Trong trréng hop lwgng "TCVN 6238-5A:2017 méu thir dy duge nhd hon 10 mg vat ligu (xem 6.1, Iva chon mau thit), Khéng phai thir va béo céo theo Bidu 11 c) (béo cdo thir nghiém). VO co héa mAu Ga chudn bj theo 8.1 (vo cy hoa mau bang Io vi séng) hogc 8.2 (v6 co héa mau bang bép dign va khéi néng). Néu yéu cu chdt long nay phai héa ran hoac khé trong qué trinh str dung dy kién thi nd phai dugc phi lén trén mot tm thiy tinh sach va dugc sy khO dén khdi lrgng khong déi trudc khi ldy mau thé theo 7.1 (lop phi son, vec ni, son du, myc in, polyme kip phit va ttrong ty). Bao cdo theo Bibu 11 g) (bdo cdo thir nghigm) xem vat ligu dug thir & trang thai khé hay ling. 7.9 Vat ligu kim logi dvgc phi mét phan hogc khong duge phis Khi od thd, dy mau thé? tir phan khong dugc phd cila vat ligu kim loai. Néu phan kim loai durge phi mot phan, logi bé lép phi bét ky ma 06 thé cgo ra durgc (bao gdm céc Iép phil ma ign). Phén ma dign khéng thé logi bé due bang céch cao phai dug thir cing véi vat igu nén bang kim loai. CHU THICH Kh6ng c&n thir cdc vat ligu kim loai due phi hoan toan dén mirc khéng thé tiép xdc duyc theo inh nghta trong TCVN 6238-1 (ISO 8124-1). Tuy nhién, du nay khéc véi yBu cu cia mét sé Khu vyc trén thé i6%. Vi dy, lugt oda MF coi lbp phi b& mat nay khéng can tr vige vétligu nn khong thé tiép xic dupe. Hon nira, TCVN 6238-3 (ISO 8124-3) chi yu cu thie vat igu kim logi 1a cc chi tit nhd, nghia [a Ipt hoan toan qua dng try thir nBu trong TCVN 6238-1 (ISO 8124-1), Hinh 17. ‘Str dyng cde dung cy cSt va nghién phi hyp, dy mét lveng mu thiy nam trong khoang tir 10 mg dén 4100 mg. Trong truréing hop ldy dug it hon 10 mg vat ligu (xem 6.1 Iya chen mu this) thl khéng phai thi va béo céo theo Bidu 11 c) (bao cao thir nghiém). 8 V6 co héa mau thir va phan tich bing thiét bj CANH BAO - Hydro peoxit ¢6 thé duoc si? dung trong vé co héa mau bang bép dign va khéi néng; nhung néu dugc si? dung trong vé co héa mau bang Id vi séng thi phai can than dé tranh tao thanh dp sudt trong qua trinh gia nhigt ma cé thé gay ra tai nan va lam mét mat mau. Cac bude trong 8.1 (vO co hoa m&u bang 1d vi séng) va 8.2 (v6 eo héa m&u bang bép dign va khéi néng) duge tién hanh trong tt hit hoac trong hé théng v6 co héa mau bang ld vi s6ng (5.2.1). Dieu 8.1 (v8 co” héa mau bing ld vi s6ng) hoc 8.2 (vd co héa mAu bing bép dign va khdi néng) mé ta c&ch vO co hoa mau sir dyng nurée curéng toan [gdm 3 phan axit clohydric (5.1.3) voi 1 phan axit nitric (5.1.1) hoge nue cong toan dao [1 phan axit clohydric (6.1.3) voi 3 phan axit nitric (6.1.1)] sau d6 pha loang va dinh lung bang phuong phap phan tich quang phé khéi lugng six dyng ngudn plasma cm (ing cao t&n (ICP-MS) ho’ phucng phép quang phd phat xa nguyén tir plasma c&m ing cao tan (ICP-AES). Phuong phap phan tich khac ofing of th8 dugc sir dung mi&n sao ching dap tng day di cdc tidu cht v8 gidi han phat hign néu trong Bang 1. Nuc cuéng toan va nuéc cuéng toan dao dugc pha ché t6t nhét tai ché khi cd mat mau thir. Ther ty ttn axit clohydric voi anit nitric khéng bat bude nhung khéng dug thay ddi. 12TCVN 6238-SA:2017 Mu tring phai due tién hanh vi timg 6 mau thir duce v6 co hoa theo 8.1 (v6 oo héa mau bang 1d vi s6ng) hoac 8.2 (vd co hoa mau, bang bép dién hoae khdi ndng). 8.4 V6 co héa mau bing |é vi séng H8 théng v8 co héa mau béng Id vi séng (6.2.1) cling nhu cde didu kign sir dung khdng dug quy dinh trong tiéu chudn nay. Bigu nay cho phép phéng thir nghiém o6 th sir dyng didu kign va hé théng v6 co hoa méu bang 16 vi song bat ky thich hgp. Tuy nhién, phong thir nghigm phai xéc dinh didu kign vO co hoa mdu t6i wu dya theo khuyén céo cla nha san xudt va kinh nghim cla phong thir nghiém d6i vi viéc v6 co héa mau céc loai vat figu khdc nhau. Quan trong phai dat duge qua trinh v6 co héa mau hoan toan. Trong trréng hgp van hoge hé théng ngat an toan hoat dng trong qua trinh v6 co hoa mu, viée phan tich phai duge lap lai voi mAu th méi va mét binh 4p sudt phi hyp. 8.1.1 Déi voi ky thuét phan tich ICP-MS Can chinh xéc (én 0,1 mg) Ivong mu thé nm trong khodng tir 10 mg dén 100 mg duc chuan bi theo Diu 7 (chudn bi mau thi?) vao trong binh v6 co hoa mau bang Io vi song (6.2.2), bd sung cn than 1,5 mi axit clohydric dae (6.1.3) sau d6 cho them 4,5 mi axit nitric dc (6.1.1). ‘Bé tranh nguy co nhiBu nén, c&n six dyng thude thir 6 cép tinh khiét trong Guong cap cula thude thir st dung d8 xay dyng duong chuan. Doi cho d&n khi phan tng dau tién giém xuéng trvée khi day kin binh theo huéng dan cua nha san xuat. 8.1.2 D6i voi ky thuat phan tich ICP-AES ‘Thay céc axit trong 8.1.1 (néu ky thuat phan tich la ICP-MS) bang hén hgp sau: 4,5 mi axit clohydric 6c (5.1.3) va 1,5 ml axit nitric dc (5.1.1) va tiép tyc thy hién theo mé tA trong 6.1.1. 8.1.3 Bibu kign v6 cor héa mau bing 8 vi séng He théng vo co héa mau bang 10 vi song (5.2.1) phai cd binh v6 co héa mau duge day kin va duge xr ly theo cdc didu kién va nhiét 49 dugc khuyén nghj béi nha san xuat thiét bj, 4 dugc ti wu boi phong thir nghigm. 8.1.4 Lam mat va pha long ‘Sau khi hoann thanh qué trinh vb cor héa mau, dé binh ngudi trong it nhat 5 min trréc khi chuyén vao tit hit 48 lm mat dén khi nhigt 4 mau th4p hon 40 °C (thuéng trong it nhat 1 h). Can than mé binh va kiém tra xem mau thir 48 dug v6 co’ hoa hoan toan chia. CHU THICH Néu viée v6 co héa mau khéng xdy ra hoan toan (vi dy van cén mau ban déu, manh vun oda mau thir bj than hée), phép thiz phai duge lip lai voi mu thir méi va didu kin v6 ocr hoe mau thay thé cho 6&n khi v6 co héa mu duvge hodin toan. Trong truong hep khéng v6 co hoa mau duge hoan toan, phai sir dyng phuong php thay thé (xem A.4.1, v6 co héa mdu khéng hoan toan). Cac phuong phap nhy vy nam ngoai pham vi cla tiéu chun nay va viée sr dung cdc phuong phdp d6 phai dugc néu trong bao cdo thir nghiém [xem Biku 11 d), Béo céo thir nghigm}.TCVN 6238-5A;2017 Khi vige v6 co hoa mau 4a hoan thanh, chuyén toan bo chdt 64 duge vO co héa cing voi nude Ava vao cdc va 66 dic bing bép dign dén cdn khoang 1 mi. BS ngugi va cho thém khoang 4 ml dén 5 mi nuéc sau a6 la 3 dén 4 giot axit clohydric (5.1.3). Loc (5.2.8 ho&c 5.2.13) dung dich vé co héa mau vao ‘rong mét binh dinh mize 25 mi (6.2.9) hoge vao binh dinh mise 10 mi khi chi thu durgc lurgng mau gidi han. Pha loaing bang nuéc dén vach mirc (5.1.4), day kin binh bang nut va tron déu. Chat vd co hoa mu pha long nay phai due dinh lrgng cang sém cang tot. 8.2 Vd co héa miu bing bép dign va bing khéI néng anh béo - Hol axit clohydric va axit nitric ac; thye hign cdc quy trinh sau trong td hit. Néu dinh Iugng asen hoge thiy ngan, ky thuat v6 co hoa mu phai sir dyng mot binh duge day kin {rn thiét bj vO oo héa mau bang khéi néng (5.2.14) hodc trong hé théng v6 co héa mau bang Id vi song 6.2.1). CHU THICH 1 “Mot s5 nguyén 16 d& bay hoi nhu asen va thy ngan c6 xu hudéng bj mat mat trong qué trinh vo ‘co héa mau bang bép dién va bang khdi néng nhung thir nghiém trong phng thir nghiém 4a chi ra ring thiy again khOng bi mat khi sir dung hén hyp axit nude cudng toan, CHU THICH 2 Nude cudng toan fba phan axit clohydric (5.1.3) voi mét phn axit nitric (5.1.1)} ho&e nub ‘eudng toan dao [mét phan axit clohydric (6.1.3) voi ba phan axit nitric (6.1.1)] duge pha ché t6t nhdt tai chd Khi eo mat mau thi. Tha ty tron axit clohydric voi axit nitric khéng bat buge nhung khong duge thay adi, 8.2.1 B6i v6i ky thugt phan tich ICP-AES Can chinh xac (dén 0,1 mg) lgng mau thir ndm trong khoang tw 10 mg dén 100 mg duge chuan bj theo Bidu 7 (chun bj mu thi) vao trong mét oc sach, dung tich 25 mt (6.2.11) hoe binh vO co héa mu bang khdi néng, bd sung can than 4,5 mi axit clohydric dac (5.1.3), sau dé cho thém 1,5 ml axit nitric dc (6.1.1). D& cho phan ting bat ky cd thé xéy ra giam xudng, thém nhé gigt 1 ml hydro peoxit (6.1.5) (tay chon) va dat tdm Kinh dng hd lén trén néu sir dung ofc 1a binh phén tg. Gia nhiét trén khdi néng (5.2.14) hoae trén bép dign (5.2.12) (nhigt 49 b& mat khoding 140 °C) cho dén khi phan lon axit bay hoi hét, CHU THICH Trong truéng hgp v6 co héa mau bang bép din, cho bay hoi dén thé tich cudi con khogng 1 mi, ‘Thanh phan cia 1 mi chat nay chi yéu la axit nitric dc cing vi san phdm phan ing tir mu. Bé han ché sy him chéo hog mat mat mu, tranh dun s6i hoc cho bay hoi dén khé hoan toan, Néu sau 1 h vn cén quan sét durge khéi ndu hoge trong dung dich van cin céc hat thi fiép tuc gia nhigt. Khi can thiét, thém vai millt axit clohydric dac (6.1.3) va axit nitric de (5.1.1) vai cing ti 16 (3:1) nhu trong 8.2.1 dé ngan mau khong bj khé. Khi mau gidm hign tugng béc khoi mau nau, vide v6 cor héa mau 4a hoan thanh. Léy binh phan tng ra khdi bép dign hoa khéi néng va 68 ngudi dén nhigt 66 phong, CHU THICH —Trong truéng hyp khdng thé v6 co héa mu dugc hoan toan, ob thé sir dung phurong phap thay thé (xem A.4.1, vé co’ héa mau khong hoan ton).TCVN 6238-5A:2017 Trang cfc va day kinh déng hd voi khodng 4 mi dén 5 mi nude (6.1.4) va sau do cho thém 3 d&n 4 giot exit clohydric dac. Loc (5.2.8 hoac 5.2.13) néu c&n va sau 46 chuyén hén hop phan ung cling voi nuéc ria (trang) vao binh dinh mirc 25 ml hog cho vao binh éinh mec 10ml khi chi thu dugc lugng mau gidi han, lam day dén vach mirc, day binh bang nit va trén déu. San pham vé co héa méu pha loang nay phai dug dinh lvgng cang sém cng t6t. Khi san phdm v6 co héa mu nay durgc pha dén thé tich 25 ml, dung dich pha long dat duoc khoang 4% (viv) axit nitric (1 ml) va rt it axit clohydric (< 0,5 %). Chuan xay dung duéng chuan duge sir dung cho phan tich bang thiét bj phai duc pha ché & cling gid tri nay. Mac axit phd: hop twong ty nén duoc thyc hign néu san phdm v6 co hoa mau duge pha dén 10 mi. Troe khi dinh tugng bang thiét bj, loai bo cac hat b&t ky cda dung dich bang cach loc (5.2.8 hoae §.2.13), ly tam (5.2.6) hoc dé lding dung dich. San phdm vO co héa mau pha lodng nay phai duge dinh lugng bang thiét bi cang sém cang tét. 8.2.2 D6i voi ky thugt phan tich ICP-MS Thay cde axit trong 8.2.1 bang hin hyp sau: 1,5 mi axit ciohydric dc (5.1.3) va 4,5 ml axit nitric dc (6.1.1) va thye hign theo m6 8 trong 8.2.1. CHU THICH 88 trénh nguy oo nhiéu nén, cn sir dyng héa cht c6 cp tinh Khidt gidng nhu héa cht ding 66 xy dyng dung chudn, 9 — Gidi han phat hign cia phwong phép phan tich bang th DE dinh Iugng sdn phdm v6 co’ hoa mau pha long, viée Iva chon ky thuat phan tich nén dé phdng thir nghigm quyét dinh néu cde giéi han phan tich khong lén hon gié tri néu trong Bang 1. Cac gid tri nay bang 1/10 cla gid tr thoi nhiém t6i Ga c6 thé chdp nhan duge tir vat ligu ad choi theo TCVN 6238-3 (ISO 8124-3). Bang 1 - Gidi han phat hién chép nhan dugc t6i da cla phrong phap phan tich bang thiét bj Cée gia tr tinh bang miligam trén kilogam vgt ligu 63 choi Vat ligu 46 choi juyén t6 (mg/kg) Sb | As | Ba | Cd | Cr | Pb | Hg | Se Vat ligu dd choi bat ky quy dinh trong 1.2 loai] 6 | 2 | 100] 7 | 6 | 9 | 6 | 50 trix d&t sét nan va son dung bang tay Dt sét nn va son ding bing tay 6 25} 5{ 2) 9] 2] 50}TCVN 6238-5A:2017 10 Bidu thi két qua Tinh ndng 4 nguyén t6 quan tam (mg/kg) theo khdi long vat liéu trong mu thi? theo cong thae sau: Cp = OY e M trong 46 Cr landng 6 ca nguyén t6 quan tam trong vat ligu dd chor dug thie (mg/kg); Cela ndng 66 nguy€n té x4c dinh dug bang thiét bj (mg/L); Vp la thé tich ciia binh dinh mize (mi); Dy thé s6 pha loaing; M_ lakhéilugng cla mau thir hoc mau thiy hén hop (g). Khi mot m4u hdp hep duge st? dung, két qua phai duge tinh toan nhu mé ta trong A.1.2 (xem A.1.2, xem xét thy t8 d8 quyét dinh cé hn hop méu thir hay khong). ah Bao cao thir nghiém Bao cdo thir nghiém phai bao gdm it hat cdc théng tin sau: a) b) °) a) e) 9) ») Logi va nhén biét sn phdm va/hode vat ligu duge th; Vign d&n tiéu chudn nay; Nh&n biét v8 vat ligu khéng dug thir do khéng 06 di khéi lueng (xem 6.1, Iya chon m&u thir va Sibu 7, chudn bj mau thi); Phuong phap v6 co héa mau dug sir dung (trong truéng hyp khéng v6 co héa mAu du¢e hoan toan khi sir dyng phuong phap mé ta trong tiéu chuan nay, 06 thé sir dung phuong phap thay thé nhung viée str dung phai duge néu trong béo cdo thi nghiém cing v6i thong bao rang ching nam ngoai pham vi cla tiu chudn nay); Két qua thir dugc tinh toan theo Didu 10 (biéu thj két qua); Béo cdo d khdng dm bao do uéc lung cla phép do khi 4 khong dim bdo do anh huéng dén gi6i hen ca yéu cdu ky thuét ho&e huréng dan cla khdch hang dug yéu cu; CHU THICH Ap dyng TCVN 9595-3 (ISO/MEC Guide 98-3) hoac tiéu chun trong duong dé xdc dinh 4} KkhBng d&m béo do. Chi tiét vB viée Iva chon va hén hop mau thir g8m viée 6 hn hep mu hay khéng va trong ‘truéng hyp vat ligu lng, no duge thir & trang thai ldng hay trang thai kno; Thay déi bat ky so véi qué trinh chudn bj va v6 co hoa mau da quy dinh, theo théa thuan hoae vi I do khéc; Chir kj ctta ngudi o6 tréch nhigm hod lanh 40; Noay ther nghi¢m,TCVN 6238-5A:2017 Phu luc A (tham khdo) Co so va ly do co’ ban dé dua ra cac quy dinh trong tiéu chuan A1 Sir dung va 4p dung A1.1 Quy dinh chung Tiéu chun nay dua ra phuong thire xae dinh xem mot nguyén td 06 bj han ché co mat trong vat ligu 6} choi hay khéng va 06 tong ham Iveng bang bao nhiéu, Dir ligu nay c6 thé duge sir dung dé quyét dinh xem c6 thir tiép theo TCVN 6238-3 (ISO 8124-3) hay khOng. Vi dy trong truéeng hop tat cd céc nguyén 16 quan tam cé tng ham lugng bang hoc th4p hon mirc quy dinh trong Bang 1 cia TCVN 6238-3 (180 8124-3) thi vat ligu 46 khéng thé 06 mirc th8i nhiém vugt qua cdc giéi han trong Bang 1 cla TCVN 6238-3 (ISO 8124-3). CHU THICH — Tiéu chudn nay dugc xay dyng cho tém nguyén t6 néu trong Bang 1. Cac phéng thir nghim cn ‘én hanh dénh gid nGi bé gia tr ota cdc phueng phép mS ta trong tiéu chun nay, DG ligu t8ng ham lugng nay cing 6 thé duge sir dung dé xac dinh xem ligu cde mu quy dinh gia cde quéc gia cb mau thudn voi nhau khong. Vi dy, mgt sé nude quy dinh gidi han téng ham lung chi 6 trong vat ligu d chol, CAn than a8 dam bao ring cdc vat liu duge xem xét va giéi han v8 ob mau khong dn dén két qua sai Iéch. Nhu bao cdo trong 1.2 (pham vi 4p dyng), tiéu chun nay khng 4p dung cho thiy tinh, gém va vat ligu silicat, Cac phurong phép dé xéc dinh giéi han tng ham lugng cle mot sé nguyén t6 trong cdc vat liéu nay 06 thé durgre xem xet trong tiéu chudn khdc nh CPSC-CH-E1002-08.1 A1.2 Xem xét thye té v8 quyét dinh ¢6 hén hop mau hay khéng This nghiém hn hop mau thir la qua trinh c6 gid tri phn tich nhung o&n cn thén dé tranh gidi thich sai két qua phan tich. Néu sir dyng khdi lvong mu qué nhé trong phép thir hén hgp, I6i v8 kh6i lugng 6 thé rét lon. BOI vay, khi cd thé, nén ob kn6i lugng mau hn hgp trong khoang 100 mg. Trong truéng hop kh6ng thé, kh6i lurgng cla mbi mau thi? riéng khéng due phép it hon 10 mg. M6t lvgng mau vira di cén duge si dung cho méi vat ligu trong mau hin hgp, voi didu kién hyp ly cla cn chinh xac, cla giéi han phat hign sau khi pha loang mu a v6 co héa (xem Bang 1) va olla viéc phn tich bang thiét bj sau 66. Khéng dug phép hn hyp céc vat ligu khéc nhau, vi dy hn hep vat ligu dét va kop phil son. Chi vat ligu giéng nhau méi 06 thé dug hdn hop thanh mot mau. Khi tinh todn ham lugng cla mot nguyén t6 quan tam trong mét vat ligu, coi nbu tét cd nguyén té nay tén tai trong mau thr dug tao thanh tt chi mot trong cae vat ligu hén hep. Si dung gid thiét nay va khéi lvgng oda tirng vat ligu riéng 18 trong mau thi? hn hgp, 06 thé ding 68 tinh toan ting ham lugng nguyén t6 quan tam trong mét vat ligu riéng. 17TCVN 6238-5A:2017 Khi xem xét cc két qua tle mot mu hdn hop nhu vay, can 4p dyng "hé sé an toan" phi hop dé tinh 6i v6i sai sé ctia vigc cn va sy phat sinh cc sai Idi cla ting bude trong quy tinh phén tich 48 dam bao nhén biét duge chinh xéc vat ligu khng phi hyp. Néu mu thir hn hop ob dén ba thanh phan m&u riéng biét, thanh phan bat ky chiém ty I@ lon hon 80 % giéi hen quy dinh cn durge thir lai nh mot mau riéng biet, Duoi day Ia vi dy 44 duge thyc hién: Vi DU Cadimi trong vat ligu polyme Chi thi cita Uy ban Chau Au 2011/65/EU vé viéc cfm sir dung mét s6 cht 06 hai trong thiét bj dign va ign tir (ROHS) quy dinh gidi han tdi da la 100 mg/kg va 80 % gid tri d6 bang 80 mg/kg. 80 mg/kg 06 thé duge coi a gi6i han hoat déng, nghia ka phn mAu thir trong m&u hn hop ¢6 nding 6 Jon hon gid tr nay phai duge thir ring bgt. Col nhu do ligu sau thu duge ti thir nghiem nam tugng cadimi cia hn hgp nhya mau vang, 48 va xanh: Bang A1 — Két qua thi? cadimi cila m4u hén hyp Khéilugng | Gidihan | Kétqua phan | Ham lugng Ham lugng mau thir | hoat dng | tichmduhdn | cadimitinh | cadimi oid dinh (mg) (gig) | P&P (moka) | todn (morkg) | phidn bo tir mot Chit déo mau 43 Chétdomauxanh | 35 | _80 = z * _ Khéi lrgng cila tng méu thi riéng 06 thé dure sir dung trong cng thire 43 cho trong Bigu 10 bang cach chia knéi long cia mau hon hep (M) voi khéi Igng cia tieng mau riéng (Ms) nh cho trong céng thie (A.2). CEng thie A.2: Cexv, Cr= ae (A2) trong a6 Gr __ la ndng 4 nguyén t6 quan tém trong vat ligu a8 choi dure the? (mafkg): Ce la ndng 66 nguy8n t6 xéc dinh dure bang thiét bj (mg/L); Vp [thé tich eda binh dinh mae (ml) (trong vi dy nay V; 1a 25 ml); M, la kh6i lugng cilia mau thir riéng biét (9). Trong vi dy trén, 06 thé théy rang méu thir hin hop cd két qué 62,5 mo/kg, vet qué gidi han hoat ng; nhung bang céch si dung khéi lugng chinh xac cla tung mau thir riéng, c6 thd dua ra quyét inh chinh xac hon la thir tai trén mot vat ligu theo cor s@ vat ligu. Trong vi dy nay, két qua cla chét 18TCVN 6238-5A:2017 déo mau vang va mau dé déu vugt qué gid tri gidi hen hoat dong bang 80 mg/kg va phai thir fai nhur mt méu vat ligu riéng. Chat déo mau xanh th4p hon gia tri gidi han hoat dong va khong cn phai thir ai. Quyét dinh c6 thi théi nhiém cia vat ligu 3 choi theo TCVN 6238-3 (ISO 8124-3) hay khong cd thd tién hanh theo c&ch twong ty nhur gidi han quy dinh va quy trinh duge néu & trén. Vige 4p dung hé sé an toan khéng can thiét trong iruéng hep nay vi sy théi nhiém cla céc nguyén té khéng vuot qua 100% téng ham lugng va thu@ng nnd hon nhidu. A2 Pham vidp dung A2.1 Bao gol Xem 1.2 (pham vi 4p dung). Tir “tao thanh mét phn ctia 68 choi” trong 1.2 co nghia ia, vi dy nhu cde hop chira b6 xép hinh hoa bao bl trén 46 06 huéng d&n trong trudng hyp cac trd choi v.v... Phan nay khong 48 cap dén cc logi bao géi phéng (blister pack) 06 chira céc huéng dan don gian. A2.2 Gidy, gidy cac tong va cdc tang Xem 7.3 (gidy, gidy cde tong va céc téng). Gidy, gidy cdc tong va céc tong dug in, trong 46 myc in od thé tréy thanh mdt phan cua vat ligu n&n, urge chuan bj giéng nhu né [a vat ligu khong duge in theo 7.3. Vi dy, gidy od thé duge in véi myc va phi mét bp vec ni day. Lép vec ni o6 thé durgc ogo ra.va durge coi [a lop phii nhung phan gidy in cn lai duoc coi la gly. 3 Cénh bao lién quan dén vigc sir dung phuong php vé co héa mau bing ld vi séng ‘Tigu chudn nay khéng quy dinh hé théng v6 cor héa mu bang ld vi song cling nhu didu kign sir dung. ‘Digu nay cho phép phong thir nghiém st dyng hé théng phu hep va digu kién thir phu hep. Tuy nhién, phéng thr nghi¢m can xac dinh didu kién vO co’ hoa mau 16i uu dya trén khuyén nghj cla nha san xudt thiét bj va kinh nghigm cla phong thir nghiém vé viéc v6 co héa mdu cdc loai vat figu khdc nhau. Mot sé cénh bao thudéng gap nhu sau: = kiém tra l6p l6t cla binh v6 co héa m4u bang 10 vi séng thurdng xuyén dé kiém tra hién tugng ph&n hiy hda hoc hoc vat ly va thay phan bj hang. = phuong phap vé co hoa mau bao gdm viée sir dyng axit manh 6 tinh an man va gay béng. Phai ‘mac o khodc trong phong thiz nghiém, di gang tay va deo kinh an toan khi lam vic voi axit. = hoi d6c va hoi gay kich tng, di (ng duc giai phéng tir axit nitric va axit clohydric. Lun thy hign v6 co hoa mu bén trong th hat va khi thém axit vao mBu. Kh6ng ding ld vi s6ng gia inh vi c6 nhiéu nguy oo rét nghiém trong lién quan dén viée sir dung theo uy trinh mé ta trong ti8u chuan nay. Vi dy, hoi axit giai phéng vao trong khe ¢6 thé 2n mén thiét bi an toan lam cho manhetron khong ngat khi mé cira 1d, dan dén nguy co ngudi thy hién bj phoi nhiém voi ning lung vi séng. Hon ntva, hoi tgo thanh cling rat nguy hiém.TCVN 6238-5A:2017 A.4 Lya chon hén hop axit dé v6 co hoa mau Xem 8.1 (vO co hoa mau bang Id vi sng) va 8.2 (vo co hoa mu bang bép dign va bang khdéi néng), Tieu chun nay quy dinh vie sit dyng ©& nu’e cudng toan va nuée cuéng toan dao ty thude vo vige chon thiét bj ginh lugng. Vige siv dung nude curtng toan duge wu tién vi ham iugng cao cia clo cho phép hinh thanh phite clo bln 46i véi cc nguyén 16 nhur thily ng&in, ma néu khOng sé oxy hda va {ch ra khdi dung dich. Tuy nhién, s& khéng thuén Ici d6i véi ham lugng clo cao néu kj thuét phan tich ccubi cing la ICP-MS; cfc ion da nguyén tir (vI dy argon clorua “ArCI’) tao thanh trong plasma ob thé gay nhi8u vi tring lap vi cde nguyén quan tam. KiGu nhigu nay e thé khéng anh hutng dén phép do bang ky thu@t ICP-AES vi ky thuat nay phy thud vao vige cuérng 4% phat xa hon ta tin higu nhgn duge tty cdc ion dng vi. Do vay, vige sir dyng nude cudng toan dugc quy dinh dé véi ky thuat ICP-AES va nuéc cudng foan déo dug yéu cAu khi sir dung ky thuat ICP-MS. Viec sir dung cell phan ting trong ky thuat ICP-MS dug biét lt gidm Gang k8 anh hung cia nhibu da nguyen ti, A4.1 V6 co hoa mau khéng hoan toan Mot s6 logi vat liéu polyme c6 thé khéng v6 co hoa dug hoan toan bang ky thuét quy dinh. Trong ‘tréng hyp 46, phuong php thay thé o6 thé can phai 4p dyng d& dinh lwong duge cde nguyén 6 da cho. C&c iyva chon oo thé 1a: a) — tao tro nhigt 49 th4p bang phuong phap ding 16 muffle, Thy ngan kh6ng phi hop voi phuong php xéc dinh nay vi kha nang bay hoi clla thy ngan va mudi cia nd. b) —_hén hep nung chdy nhu phuong phap Eschka o6 thé thy hién thanh cng voi viée xc dinh mot 6 nguyén t6. Trong pham vi tiéu chudn nay khong dua ra quy trinh chi tiét cia ky thust thay thé va viée sir dung ching phai duoc néu theo Diu 11 d) (bao cdo thir nghigm). Néu myc dich ban dau cia vige xéc din tng nguyén #6 d2 quyét dinh ob cn thir théi nhiém theo TCVN 6238-3 (ISO 8124-3) hay kh6ng, thi viée v6 co hoa khdng hoan toan dln dén viée cn thiét phai tin hanh thi théi nhiém. A42 Mau trang ‘D8 thye hanh phong thi nghiém dug tt, mu tréng va dung méi phai duge tién hanh voi tung 16 mau thir cn phai phan tich.(ty 2 8) a 6 TCVN 6238-5A:2017 Thw myc tai ligu tham khao EN 71-3:1994 2, Safety of toys ~ Migration of certain elements (and EN 71-3:1994/AC:2002, EN 71-3:1994/A1:2000, EN 71-3:1994/A1:2000/AC:2000).. ASTM F963-11, Standard consumer safety specification for toy safety. CPSC-CH-E1002-08.1, Standard operating procedure for determining total leed (Pb) in non-metal children’s products, Revised June 21, 2010. TCVN 9595-3 (ISO/IEC Guide 98-3), 86 Khéng dam bao do — Phan 3: Hung dan trinh bay 46 khong dam bao do (GUM:1995). Directive 2014/65/EU of the european parliament and of the council of 6 June 2011 on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment. 7108 hiy. 2