Methods for Measuring Performance

Comparative

Quality Attribute

METHOD

Results Behavior

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Table 8.1:
Basic Approaches to Performance
Measurement

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 Measuring Performance:
Making Comparisons
Forced Paired
Simple Ranking
Distribution Comparison
• Requires • Assigns a • Compares
managers to certain each employee
rank percentage of with each
employees in employees to other
their group each category employee to
from the in a set of establish
highest categories. rankings.
performer to
the poorest
performer.

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 Measuring Performance:
Rating Individuals - Attributes
Graphic Rating Scale Mixed-Standard Scale
• Lists traits and provides a • Uses several statements
rating scale for each trait. describing each trait to
• The employer uses the scale produce a final score for
to indicate the extent to that trait.
which an employee displays
each trait.

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Figure 8.3:
Example of a Graphic Rating Scale

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Figure 8.4:
Example of a
Mixed-Standard
Scale

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 Measuring Performance:
Rating Individuals - Behaviors
Behaviorally Anchored Rating
Critical-Incident Method Scale (BARS)
• Based on managers’ records
• Rates behavior in terms of a
of specific examples of the
employee acting in ways that scale showing specific
are either effective or statements of behavior that
ineffective. describe different levels of
• Employees receive feedback performance.
about what they do well and
what they do poorly and how
they are helping the
organization achieve its
goals.

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Figure 8.5:
Example of
Task- BARS
Rating
Dimension for
a Patrol Officer

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 Measuring Performance:
Rating Individuals – Behaviors (continued)
Behavioral Observation Scale Organizational Behavior
(BOS) Modification (OBM)
• A variation of a BARS which • A plan for managing the
uses all behaviors necessary behavior of employees
for effective performance to through a formal system of
rate performance at a task. feedback and
• A BOS also asks the reinforcement.
manager to rate the
frequency with which the
employee has exhibited the
behavior during the rating
period.

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Figure 8.6: Example of a Behavioral
Observation Scale (BOS)

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 Measuring Performance:
Measuring Results
• Management by Objectives (MBO): people at
each level of the organization set goals in a
process that flows from top to bottom, so that
all levels are contributing to the organization’s
overall goals.
• These goals become the standards for
evaluating each employee’s performance.

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 Table 8.2: Management by Objectives –
Two Objectives for a Bank

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 Measuring Performance:
Measuring Quality
• The principles of total quality management
(TQM), provide methods for performance
measurement and management.
• With TQM, performance measurement
combines measurements of attributes and
results.
– Subjective feedback
– Statistical quality control

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