(123doc) - Sang-Kien-Kinh-Nghiem-09-10-Cau-Dk

Trường THPT Chu Văn An Chuyên đề “Các dạng bài tập về câu điều kiện"
PHẦN THỨ NHẤT: PHẦN MỞ ĐẦU

I. Lí do chọn đề tài
Ngoại ngữ nói chung và Tiếng Anh nói riêng đã đang và sẽ trở thành một
môn văn hóa cơ bản trong chương trình giáo dục phổ thông. Đồng thời việc
giảng dạy ngoại ngữ- Tiếng Anh cũng đang được các nhà trường, các nhà giáo
dục, nhiều dự án giáo dục và đông đảo giáo viên quan tâm và đưa ra nhiều
phương pháp dạy học thích hợp. Trong chương trình Tiếng Anh THPT, Câu
Điều Kiện – Conditional Sentences, là một trong các phần ngữ pháp lớn có trong
các kì thi tốt nghiệp THPT, ĐHCĐ và thi học sinh giỏi. Tuy nhiên với chương
trình SGK cũ, câu điều kiện loại 3 (type 3) đã được giảm tải, nhưng với chương
trình phân ban câu điều kiện đã được đưa vào giảng dạy đầy đủ với ba loại câu:
Câu điều kiện loại 1 (type 1), loại 2 (type 2) và loại 3 (type 3). Nhiều học sinh
đã gặp khó khăn trong việc phân biệt và làm các bài tập liên quan đến câu điều
kiện.
Vì vậy tôi mạnh dạn đưa ra một số bài tập về câu điều kiện nhằm giúp
các em củng cố ngữ pháp và luyện tập một cách hiệu quả và đạt kết quả cao
trong các kì thi.
II. Mục đích nghiên cứu
Trong chương trình Tiếng Anh “Câu điều kiện” được đưa vào giảng dạy ở
các khối lớp 10, 11 và 12 với các dạng bài tập khác nhau. Trong chuyên đề của
mình tôi chỉ đưa ra một số cấu trúc ngữ pháp và các dạng bài tập về câu điều
kiện với hình thức tự luận và trắc nghiệm.
III. Đối tượng nghiên cứu.
Với chuyên đề này tôi chọn đối tượng là học sinh THPT và học theo
chương trình thay sách. Học sinh có lực học khác nhau: giỏi, khá, trung bình và
yếu.
IV. Giới hạn phạm vi nghiên cứu
Chuyên đề đưa ra công thức cấu tạo và bài tập ứng dụng của các loại câu
điều kiện có trong chương trình.
Giáo viên: Nguyễn Thị Hiên 1 Tổ : Ngoại ngữ

Chuyên đề này được ứng dụng ở các lớp: 12A2, 12A3 và 12B4 và đạt
được kết quả: Hầu hết học sinh đã biết cách làm bài tập liên quan đến câu điều
kiện phù hợp với lực học và có tiến bộ rõ rệt.
V. Nhiệm vụ - Yêu cầu nghiên cứu
1. Nhiệm vụ
Với chuyên đề này tôi đưa ra nhiệm vụ như sau:
- Hiểu được nội dung giáo viên giới thiệu (có thể là cấu trúc, bài tập cụ
thể)
- Cung cấp cho học sinh phương pháp và rèn luyện cho học sinh cách làm
bài tập về câu điều kiện qua các hình thức bài tập khác nhau phù hợp với khả
năng và nâng cao trình độ học sinh.
- Tôi muốn cung cấp một chuyên đề các dạng bài tập liên quan đến câu
điều kiện theo một hướng mới có tính chất tham khảo cho các đồng nghiệp của
mình đang giảng dạy môn Tiếng Anh ở trường THPT Chu Văn An.
2. Yêu cầu
Chuyên đề đặt ra yêu cầu như sau:
- Giáo viên giúp học sinh hiểu, ghi nhớ và phân biệt các loại câu điều
kiện một cách dễ nhất, chính xác nhất và khoa học nhất bằng cách làm các bài
tập tự luận và trắc nghiệm về câu điều kiện.
- Học sinh biết làm các bài tập liên quan đến câu điều kiện.
VI. Phương pháp nghiên cứu
Nghiên cứu, thu thập các dạng bài tập tự luận, trắc nghiệm về câu điều
kiện và cách làm các bài tập đó. Qua đó tổng hợp, đánh giá về nhận thức cũng
như khả năng nhận thức của học sinh trong quá trình học tập.
VII. Thời gian nghiên cứu
Chuyên đề được nghiên cứu từ tháng 9 năm 2009 đến tháng 01 năm
2010.

PHẦN THỨ HAI: NỘI DUNG

CHƯƠNG I: CƠ SỞ LÍ LUẬN CỦA ĐỀ TÀI
Từ khi còn là học sinh THPT, khi học phần ngữ pháp về câu điều kiện tôi
đã luôn suy nghĩ làm thế nào để nắm được và phân biệt được các loại câu điều
kiện và làm thế nào để làm được các bài tập liên quan đến câu điều kiện đạt
được kết quả cao. Chẳng hạn như: đó là câu điều kiện loại nào? Phải chia động
từ ở thì nào? Hay làm thế nào để chuyển từ tình huống đã cho sang câu điều
kiện? Đó là điều đã làm tôi ở thời điểm đó cũng như các em học sinh bây giờ
gặp khó khăn trong quá trình học.
Hơn nữa theo phương pháp dạy- học truyền thống: giáo viên là trung tâm
còn học sinh chỉ thụ động ngồi nghe và ghi lại những gì giáo viên nói nên tiết
học ngữ pháp trở nên rất nặng nề, các em học sinh thiếu tính sáng tạo tư duy
trong quá trình học.Tuy nhiên với chương trình SGK mới hiện nay là lấy người
học là trung tâm luôn yêu cầu giáo viên và học sinh phải có tầm nhìn tích cực
hơn trong quá trình dạy và học. Vì vậy học sinh có khả năng tư duy sáng tạo và
chủ động hơn, đồng thời giáo viên cũng đầu tư nhiều hơn nghiên cứu kĩ hơn
cho mỗi bài giảng của mình.
Từ những khó khăn, những trải nghiệm trong quá trình học tập và giảng
dạy nên tôi đã chọn đề tài “Các dạng bài tập về câu điều kiện” làm vấn đè
nghiên cứu của mình. Khi nghiên cứu chuyên đề này tôi cố gắng tìm các dạng
bài tập khác nhau để gới thiệu cho các em học sinh giúp các em hiểu và làm
được bài tập.
CHƯƠNG II: THỰC TRẠNG CỦA ĐỀ TÀI
Qua thực tế giảng dạy và kết quả đánh giá kiểm tra ở các khối lớp với
chương trình phân ban, nhiều em đã hiểu và làm được bài tập về câu điều kiện.
tuy nhiên kết quả chưa được như mong muốn vì phần kiến thức nền của các em
còn nhiều hạn chế.
Kết quả áp dụng đối với ba lớp 12A2, 12A3 và 12B4 như sau:
Lớp 12A2: Loại giỏi: 25.5%
Loại khá: 51.1%

Loại trung bình: 19.1%
Loại yếu: 4.3%
Loại kém: 0
Lớp 12A3: Loại giỏi: 11.6%
Loại khá: 30%
Loại yếu: 9.3%
Loại kém: 0
Lớp 12B4: Loại giỏi: 7.5%
Loại khá: 25%
Loại yếu: 10%
Loại kém: 0
Để thực hiện chuyên đề này tôi sẽ giải quyết các vấn đề liên quan sau đây:
* Giới thiệu câu điều kiện
* Các dạng bài tập tự luận về câu điều kiện
+ Câu điều kiện loại 1 (type 1)
+ Viết lại câu điều kiện với “Unless”
+ Viết câu điều kiện cho tình huống.
* Bài tập trắc nghiệm khách quan
CHƯƠNG III: GIẢI QUYẾT VẤN ĐỀ

I. Definition (Định nghĩa):
Câu điều kiện (Conditional sentences) có hai phần: mệnh đề If
(If – clause) và mệnh đề chính ( Main clause).
Ví dụ: If it rains, I will stay at home.
If- clause: If it rains
Main clause: I will stay at home.

Có ba loại câu điếu kiện:
1. Câu điều kiện loại 1 (Conditional sentences: type 1)
- Diễn tả những hành động, sự việc có khả năng thực hiện được, hoặc có khả
năng xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai.
- Diễn tả những hành động, sự việc không thể xảy ra ở hiện tại; hoàn toàn trái
ngược với thực trạng ở hiện tại
- Diễn tả những sự việc, hành động không thể xảy ra trong quá khứ; hoàn toàn
trái ngược với thực trạng trong quá khứ.
II. BÀI TẬP TỰ LUẬN VỀ CÁC LOẠI CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN

1. Conditional sentences: Type 1
Form:
If - clause Main - clause

Simple present Simple future
If + S + V-es/s S + will/shall/ can/may... + V
am/ is/ are S + won’t/ shan’t/ can’t/... + V
If + S + don’t/doesn’t + V Will/ Shall/ Can/...+ S + V..?
am/ is/ are + not
* V +........
* Don’t +V +.............
(Will/ Shall viết tắt: ‘ll)
Example: If he runs, he will get there in time.

The cat will scratch you if you pull her tail.
Exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tenses.

1. David will leave for Ren tomorrow if the weather .......................... (be) fine.
2. What will you do if you ............................ (not / go) away for the weekend ?
3. The game .......................................... (start) if you put a coin in the slot.

4. If you ................................... (be) scared of spiders, don’t go into the garden.
5. We’ll have to go without John if he ( not arrive)…………….soon.
6. Please don’t disturb him if he ...................................... (be) busy.
7. If she ........... (accept) your card and roses, things will be very much hopeful.
8. If a holiday .................................... (fall) on a weekend, go to the beach.
9. If she (come)…………………………. late again, she’ll lose her job.
10. If he (wash)…………………………..my car, I’ll give him $20.
11. He’ll be late for the train if he (not start)………………………….. at once.
12. If I lend you $100, when you (repay)………………………… me?
13. Unless I have a quiet room I (not be able)……………..... to do any work.
14. If we leave the car here, it (not be)…………………….. in anybody’s way.
15. Someone (steal)…………………………. your car if you leave it unlocked.
16. Unless he (sell)………………….more, he won’t get much commission.
17. If you come late, they (not let)………………………. you in.
18. If you (not go)……………………….. away I’ll send for the police.
19. If he ..................................... (eat) all that, he will be ill.
20. What .................................. (happen) if my parachute does not open?
21. If Peter ............................... (ask) me, I’ll help him with all my ability.

Form:

If + S + V-ed/d/ cột 2..... S + would/ should/ could/ might + V
were S + would/ should + not + V
If + S + didn’t + V... could/ might
weren’t Would/ Should + S + V ?
Could / Might
* Were + S +......
(would/ should viết tắt: ‘d)
Example: If I had a map, I would lend it to you.

If I were you , I’d plant some trees round the house.
Were they stronger, they could lift the table
1. If I knew his address, I (write)............. to him.
2. If the sun (be)................ shining now, we would go to the beach
3. If you (paint)…………….the walls white, the room would be much brighter.
4. If he knew that it was dangerous he (not come)……………………….
5. I (buy)…………………..shares in that company if I had some money.
6. If you drove more carefully, you (not have)………….. so many accidents.
7. If I (be)……….. you , I (not worry)………...............about going to university.
8. If I (have)…………………any money, I would give you some.
9. Mary doesn’t study hard. She (not pass)……… the examination unless she
worked harder.
10. What you (buy)…………………….if your father gave you $200?
11. If I ( know)………..his phone number, I would call him.
12. We would need less money if we ( live)…………….in the country
13. How (you/ feel)……………. if you were in my position?
14. If he ............................ (get) up earlier, he’d get to work on time.
15. If I ....................... (be) you, I ...................... (tell) them the truth.
16. They would go to the beauty spot if they ........................... (have) time.
17. If we .............................. (have) a car, we would drive to work everyday.
18. Where you ........... (choose) if you could live anywhere in the world ?
19. You ................................ (catch) the train if you left earlier.
20. If I ...................................... (pass) the exam, he would be astonished.
21. I wouldn’t agree with him if he ............................ (tell) me about his plan.
22. If she ..........(elect) the Prime Minister, she would invest more on education.
23. If I ............................... (be) rich, I would live in a castle.
24. If you ............................. (not – work) so hard, you would find the time.
25. If he .................................. (work) harder, the result would be better

Form:

If + S + had + PII...... S + would/ should + have + PII...
could/ might
If + S + hadn’t + PII.... S + would/ should + not + have + PII..
could/ might
* Had + S + PII......
Would/ Should + S + have + PII..?
Could / Might
(would/ should viết tắt: ‘d)
Example: - If we had found him earlier, we could have saved his life.
- If the patient had got the treatment, he wouldn’t have đie.
- Had he studied hard, he would have passed the exam
1. If Mary (wear)…………a raincoat, she would not have got a cold.
2. There (not have)….....……an accident if the driver in front hadn’t stopped so
suddenly.
3. If she had eaten something, she (not feel)………………………. hungry.
4. If I (have)………………a sound sleep last night I would have been well.
5. If it (not rain)…………yesterday we would have had lunch in t he garden.
6. If it had not been very expensive I (buy)…………………………..it.
7. If the teacher (speak)………………more slowly Peter would have understood
the lessons.
8. If I ................. (have) my camera with me yesterday, I ...................... (take) a
picture of Alex standing on his head.
9. The cowboy pulled his gun to shoot at the rattlesnake, but he was too late. If
he ...................(be) quicker to pull the trigger, the snake ................... (not-bite)
him on the foot.
10. If you ......................... (be) more careful, you wouldn't have cut yourself.

11. If Martin had set his alarm clock, he ................................ (not oversleep).
12. If you (speak)......................more slowly, he might have understood you.
13. If he had known the whole story, he (not be)..........................so angry.
14. If I (be)...............ready when he called, he would have taken me with him.
15. I didn't know you were in hospital. If I ................ (know), I ....................(go)
to visit you.

1. If I (be)…………… you, I (apply) …………for a job as soon as possible.
2. I could understand the French teacher if she (speak).................. more slowly.
3. If you (make) ………………………a run for it, you’ll catch the train.
4. If Laura (not eat) ………………so much, she wouldn’t have put on weight.
5. I (accept)................................... if they invite me to the party.
6.The earthquake would have caused less damage if the house (be) ………of
stronger construction.
7. If there (be) ………………a good breeze on Sunday, we’ll go hang-gliding.
8.You can get there more quickly if you (take) …………the short cut across the
playing field.
9. If he (be) ……………taller, he (be able) ………………to join the police.
10. If she (read)............................ in bad light, she’ll ruin her eyes.
11. If I were you, I (wear)....…some warm clothes today. It’s quite cold outside.
12. Don’t worry about getting home. If you (miss) ……......……the last bus, I’ll
give you a lift in my car.
13. Jim would get better marks at school if he (do) …………more homework.
14. He (not leave) …………………his last job if the salary had been better.
15. What you (do) ………………if you saw someone drowning in the sea?
16. If I had any news, I (phone) ………………………you yesterday.
17. I don’t have much money, but if I (have) …......…, I (travel) …...……around
the world.
18. If you (tell) ……………me he was ill, I (visit) ………him.

19. If you go in the rain without a raincoat, you (catch) ………………a cold.
20. If you had been at the party last Sunday, you (meet) …….........…some old
friends.
21. I’d change this old motorcycle if I (have) …………...……enough money.
22. He would have died if the doctors (not operate) …………………on him.
23. If I had a car, I (give) ………………………you a ride.
24. If I meet Paul tomorrow, I (give) ………………………him your letter
25. If the weather (be)……nice next weekend, they (go) ………to the country.
26. If people (not eat) ……………so many sweets, their teeth wouldn’t fall out.
27. If we (take) ……………………your advice, we’d have saved a lot of time.
28. If you don’t hurry, we (be) ………………………late for the match.
29. If you didn’t smoke so many cigarettes, you (feel) ………………better.
30. She would be better-looking if she (not have) ………………such a big nose.
31. I’ll go out with you this evening if I (finish) ………………my work early.
4. “Unless”
* “Unless” = If... not (nếu ...không, trừ phi)
Example: If you don’t study hard, you will fail the exam.
 Unless you study hard, you will fail the exam.
If she doesn’t water these trees, they will die.
 Unless she waters these trees, they will die.
If we had more rain, our crops would grow faster.
 Unless we had more rain, our crops wouldn’t grow faster.
Form:
If- clause -> Unless Main clause

Thể phủ định -> Khẳng định Không đổi.
Thể khẳng định -> Khẳng định Đổi động từ sang thể ngược lại.
Exercise 5: Rewrite the following sentences using “Unless”

1. I won’t go to school if I don’t feel better.

Unless .....................................................................................
2. Tony will talk to you if you question him.
Unless .....................................................................................
3. If you don’t put on your overcoat, you’ll be cold.
Unless .....................................................................................
4. You will fail the exam if you don’t work hard.
Unless .....................................................................................
5. You’ll get a cold if you don’t keep your feet dry.
Unless .....................................................................................
6. If I don’t leave now, I’ll miss my flight.
Unless .....................................................................................
7. If you aren’t going to the party, I won’t go.
Unless .....................................................................................
8. I can’t send you a postcard if you don’t give me your address.
Unless ......................................................................................................
9. If I won a big prize in a lottery, I’d build a school for the poor.
Unless.......................................................................................
10. I’ll call the police if you don’t leave me alone.
Unless………………………………………………………
5. Changing situations into conditional sentences
* So + clause => Main clause

* That’s why + clause => Main clause
* Because + clause => If- clause
* Indicating clause of cause => If – clause
Clause of result => Main clause
Example: They don’t have enough time so they cannot do me a favour.
=> If they had time, they could do me a favour.
She has a sore throat. She doesn’t stop smoking.
=> If she stopped smoking, she wouldn’t have a sore throat
a. Change present situations into conditional sentences ( Type 2)
Exercise 6: Rewrite the following sentences using conditional sentences:
type 2
1. They are poor, so they can’t help us.
If they .........................................................................
2. He doesn’t do his homework. He is always punished.
If he .............................................................................
3. He doesn’t have enough time. He can’t help me.
If he .............................................................................
4. She doesn’t take any exercise, so she is overweight.
If she .........................................................................................................
5. He doesn’t have a bicycle, so he always goes to class late.
He wouldn’t .............................................................................................
6. I am bad at English, so I can’t do homework.
I could ......................................................................................................
7. He doesn’t practise speaking French, so he doesn’t speak it fluently.
If he ..........................................................................................................
8. The meeting can be cancelled because it snows heavily.
If it .....................................................................................................
9. We don’t go because it will rain.
If it ........................................................................................................
10. John is fat because he eats so many chips.
If John ..................................................................................................
11. We can’t bathe in this part of river because the water is too dirty.
If the water.......................................................................................
12. I can’t write to Linh because I don’t have her address.
If I .....................................................................................................
13. Dick often causes accidents because he drives carelessly.
If David.............................................................................................

b. Change past situations into conditional sentences ( Type 3)
Exericse 7: Rewrite the following sentences using conditional sentences:
type 3
1. He didn't hurry, so he missed the train.
If ...................................................................................................................
2. We didn't go because it rained.
If it hadn't ....................................................................................................
3. We got lost because we didn't have a map.
If we .............................................................................................................
4. He lost his job because he was late every day.
If he ..............................................................................................................
5. The airport was closed. She didn't fly to Rome.
If ...................................................................................................................
6. Sue felt sick because she ate four cream cakes.
If Sue ............................................................................................................
7. My brother didn't leave the car keys, so I couldn't pick him up at the station.
If my brother ................................................................................................
8. We didn't go on holiday because we didn't have enough money.
If we .............................................................................................................
9. He didn't have the ticket to the game last week. He wasn't be able to get in.
If ...................................................................................................................
10. Robert got a bad cough because he started smoking cigarettes.
If Robert .......................................................................................................
Exercise 8: Rewrite the following sentences, beginning with the given
1. It’s too cold, they can’t go swimming.
If it………………………………………………………………………..
2. We didn’t know you were in hospital, so we didn’t visit you.
If we…………………………………………………………………………..
3. The doctors can’t find out the remedy, they can’t save a lot of people.
If the doctors…………………………………………………………

4. We don’t use public bus service, we will not get rid of pollution in the city.
If we…………………………………………………………………………
5. The patient didn’t get the treatment so he died.
If………………………………………………………
6. I didn’t have an umbrella so I got wet in the rain.
If………………………………………………………
7. I am tired so I can’t cycle to work.
If I ………………. …………………………………………….
8. That house is too expensive, so I can’t buy it.
If …………………………………………………………………
9. Because he didn’t work hard last term, he lost his job.
If ………………………………………………………………..
10. It was cold yesterday, so I didn’t not go for a walk.
If it ………………………………………………………………
11. Mary didn’t have money with her, so she couldn’t buy that present.
If ………………………………………………………………..
12. There was a test yesterday. You didn’t know that, so you didn’t study.
If I had known that ….. …………………………………………..
13. The building is too high, so he can’t climb up.
If …………………………………………………………………….
14. I don’t know her phone number so I can’t phone her.
If………………………………………………………………………
15. He won’t receive the letter tomorrow if you don’t post it today.
Unless ......................................................................................................
16. Bill never does anything if you don’t tell him what to do.
Unless ..........................................................................................................
17. All our beautiful forests will be destroyed if we do nothing to preserve them.
Unless………………………………………………………………………
18. Our sources of energy will soon end if other sources are not found.
Unless…………………………………………………………………………………

III. BÀI TẬP TRẮC NGHIÊM
Exercise 9: Choose the best answer by circling A, B, C or D to complete the
following sentences.
1. If I …………hungry now, I……………..five sandwiches, but I’m not.
A. am – can eat B. were – can eat
C. were – could eat D. were – will eat
2. What would you do if you ……………..a lottery.
A. win B. will win C. won D. had won
3. If you………………….a millionaire, you might be happy.
A. became B. will become C. become D. had became
4. If you had tried your best, you…………………………the job.
A, will get B. got C. had got D. would have got
5. If he …………………now, he…………………..the rush hour.
A. leaves / missed B. leaves / will miss
C. leaves / would miss D. left/ missed
6. If I…………..in his shoes, I ……………..the Browns.
A. am / wouldn’t invite B. were / wouldn’t invite
C. were / won’t invite D. would be/ invite
7. If he…………………..late, he would have caught his bus.
A. worked B. has worked C. had not worked D. would work
8. It ............................... quicker if you use a computer.
A. will be B. would be C. were D.been
9. If I knew his address, I ................................. round and see him.
A. go B. will go C. would go D. went
10. If we want to get higher salary, we………………….harder.
A. work B. would work C. worked D. must work
11, If I …………………her, I……………….her your love.
A. see / would give B. see / will give
C. saw / gave D. saw / will give
12. If I were him, I………………..somebody for help

A. asked B. would ask C. will ask D. had asked
13. If you fell, you……………….yourself.
A. would hurt B. are hurting C. will hurrt D. hurt.
14. What …………..you do if you stop this work?
A. would B. do C. are D. will.
15. If I ….. time, I’ll help you
A. have B. had C. had had D. will have
16. If I found a wallet in the street, I ……….take it to the police.
A. will B. should C. would D. B and C
17. What would you do if you …. a million pounds?
A. win B. won C. will win D. A and C
18. If Ken ……….. the train, he would have been late for his interview.
A. missed B. has missed C. miss D. had missed
19. It ............................. be a pity if she married Fred.
A. will B. would C. can D. may
20. I know I’ll feel better if I .................................. smoking.
A. will stop B. stopped C.stop D. had stopped
21. I … that coat if I ….you.
A. wouldn’t buy/ were B. didn’t buy/ were
C. don’t buy/ am D. won’t buy/ am
22. If the driver in front … so suddenly, the accident wouldn’t have happened
A. hasn’t stopped B. hadn’t stopped C. didn’t stop D. don’t stop
23. If I … a lot of money now, I … .....a new car.
A. have/ will buy B. have/ would buy
C. had/ will buy D. had/ would buy
24. If you ….here yesterday, you …me.
A. were/ would meet B. had been/ would meet
C. were/ would have met D. had been/would have been
25. If I find it, I … you.
A. will tell B. shall tell C. would tell D. A and B

26. If I … you were in hospital, I … to see you.
A. know/ will go B. knew/ would go
C. had known/ would have gone D. all are incorrect
27. You are late. If you …… a few minutes earlier, you …… him.
A. came / would meet B. had come / would have met
C. come / will meet D. had come / would meet
28. I’d have gone swimming yesterday afternoon if I …… time.
A. had B. have had C. had had D. would have had
29. If you didn’t do this, you …… punished.
A. are B. will be C. should D. would be
30. If he had told me the truth, I …… him.
A. will not punish B. would not have punished
C. would not punis D.would have not punished
31. “What do you think about the U.S?”
“If I had known it was so industrialized, I …… come here”
A. would never have B. would never C. will never D. have been
32. If they had not given me advice, I …… again.
A. would have failed B. would fail
C. would have been failed D. wouldn’t fail
33. If I …… a scholarship to England, my parents would be very proud of me.
A. get B. got C. had got D. will get
34. Bill …… more photographs if he …… more film.
A. would take / had had B. would have taken / had
C. would take / has had D. would have taken / had had
35. I would have met you at the bus terminal if I …… that you were arriving.
A. know B. had known C. knew D. would know
36. If there …… no floods last year, the crop …… better.
A. had been / would have been B. were / would be
C. had / would have been D. was / would have been
37. I don’t have enough time. If I …… more time, I …… to see you.

A. have / will come B. had / would come
C. have had / will have come D. had had / would have come
38. Peter failed the final exam. If he …… harder, he …….
A. has worked / will succeed B. worked / succeeded
C. had worked / would succeed D. had worked /would have succeeded
39. If he …… taller, he …… able to join the police.
A. is / will be B. was / would be
C. were / would be D. were / will be
40. If I had known it would rain, I …… my umbrella.
A. will take B. would take
C. am going to take D. would have taken
41. If he worked harder, he …….
A. will not be sacked B. will not have been sacked
C. had not been sacked D. would not be sacked
42. If he had arrived late, we …… without him.
A. would have begun B. would begin
C. would have began D. will begin
43.We …… on time if we waited for him.
A. will not be B. would not be
C. would not have been D. had not been
44. I would not have got lost if I …… the map.
A. studied B. have studied C. had studied D. would study
45. If energy …… inexpensive an unlimited, many things in the world would be
different.
A. is B. will be C. were D. would be
46.We …… the game if we’d had a few more minutes.
A. might have won B. won C. had won D. will win
47. Unless you …… all of my questions, I can’t do anything to help you.
A. answered B. answer C. would answer D.are answering
48. Had you told me that this was going to happen, I …….............. it.

A. would never have believed B. don’t believe
C. hadn’t believed D. can’t believe
49. If I …...............… you, I’d get some rest before the game tomorrow.
A. am B. could be C. were D. had been
50. “Here’s my phone number”
“Thanks. I’ll give you a call if I ……............... some help tomorrow”
A. will need B. need C. would need D. needed
51. If I were you, I …...............… that job.
A. would apply for B. will ask for
C. will have changed D. can take
52. If I …… a wish, I’d wish for happiness for my family.
A. have B. am having C. had D. was having
53. If we …… enough rain, we could have grown rice.
A. had had B. had C. have had D. didn’t have
54. If he … us the truth in the first place, things wouldn’t have gone so wrong.
A. has told B. had told
C. would have told D. should have told
55. I’ll be able speak English well if I …… hard.
A. studied B. study C. have studied D. has studied
56……................... if I take a map.
A. I will get lost B. I will not get lost
C. I would get lost D. I would not get lost
57......……, I’d have told you the answer.
A. If you asked me B. Unless you asked me
C. You had asked me D. Had you asked me
58. If you …… careful with electricity, you may get a shock.
A. don’t B. won’t C. wouldn’t D. aren’t
59. If I ……the trick with my own eyes, I would never have believed it possible.
A. don’t see B. didn’t see C. hadn’t seen D. haven’t seen
60. If someone …… into the store, smile and say, “May I help you?”

A. comes B. came C. come D. could come
61. If I had a chance to do creative work, I …… happy working in an office.
A. will be B. would be C. would have D. will feel
62. We did not visit the museum because we had no time.
A. If we have time, we will visit the museum.
B. If we had time, we would visit the museum.
C. If we had had time, we would have visited the museum.
D. If we had had time, we will visit the museum.
Exercise 10: Error identification
1. If I had had some money, I would give you some.
A B C D
2. If he jogs regularly, his health wouldn’t be so bad as it is now.
A B C D
3. I won’t go to school tomorrow unless I don’t feel better.
A B C D
4. I didn’t know about it. If I had known about it I would come.
A B C D
5. I would make a very interesting film about mathematicians if I am a film
A B C D
director.
6. We could have saved more time if we took the plane.
A B C D
7. If the class is full, we would find another one.

A B C D
8. If I graduated from college, I wouldn’t have missed the opportunity last year
A B C D
9. If I were in your position, I would have changed the job.
A B C D
10. If she bought that house now, she ran out of money.
A B C D

11. Were our train arrived punctually, we should have time to visit your sister.
A B C D
12. If Jack had not been honest, he would have returned the money.
A B C D
13. We would be making a profit if all will go according to the plan.
A B C D
14. I’ll be at the cinema on time unless I’ll have to work overtime.
A B C D
15. If you had been careless, you wouldn’t have had an accident.
A B C D
16. If I die, please to inform my wife.
A B C D
17. If it hadn’t rain yesterday, I would have come to see you.
A B C D
18. If we had known the news, we would have been told you.
A B C D
19. If we were serious about pollution, we spent more money on research.
A B C D
20. They would be glad unless the rain stopped soon.
A B C D
21. Tom would feel better if he takes the medicine.
A B C D
22. If I am 10 centimeters taller, I would play basketball.
A B C D
23. If I were you, I will go to the dentist’s and have the tooth checked.
A B C D
24. If the weather weren’t too bad, we would to go swimming.
A B C D
25. If the doctors could find in the remedy, a lot of people would be saved.
A B C D

26. Unless there had been a heavy storm, the climber will not have died.
A B C D
27. What would you have do if you were in my position?
A B C D
28. If I had knew the time when the match started, I would have told you.
A B C D
29. If had I known you were in financial difficulty, I would have helped you.
A B C D
30. If she had listened to my direction, she will not turn down the wrong street.
A B C D
31. My children won’t go to bed unless they don’t have some money.
A B C D
32. If you keep on playing games on the computer, I would sell it.
A B C D
33. Unless it rains, we will stay at home.
A B C D

PHẦN THỨ BA: KẾT LUẬN

I. Ý NGHĨA CỦA CHUYÊN ĐỀ
Trong quá trình giảng dạy Tiếng Anh tại trường THPT Chu Văn An, tôi
đã giới thiệu cho các em những kiến thức cơ bản về câu điều kiện trong Tiếng
Anh. Đối với từng đối tượng học sinh khác nhau thì yêu cầu về kiến thức cũng
khác nhau. Đối với những học sinh yếu tôi chỉ giới thiệu những kiến thức cơ
bản để các em phân biệt được ba loại câu điều kiện trong bài tập tự luận và trắc
nghiệm. đối với học sinh có lực học khá giỏi tôi cung cấp kiến thức cao hơn.
Vì vậy trong quá trình giảng dạy tôi nhận thấy phần lớn học sinh đã nắm được
các kiến thức cơ bản và áp dụng lám được các bài tập trắc nghiệm phục vụ cho
thi tốt nghiệp THPT.
II. ĐỀ XUẤT Ý KIẾN
Khi thực hiện chuyên đề này giáo viên nên chú ý đến chủ điểm, cấu trúc
ngữ pháp và từng đối tượng học sinh để đề ra yêu cầu phù hợp. Hướng dẫn cho
học sinh hiểu rõ yêu cầu, song nó phải mang tính logic, mặt khác phải tôn trọng
tính độc lập và sáng tạo của học sinh.
III. SUY NGHĨ CỦA BẢN THÂN
Khi nghiên cứu chuyên đề nầy tôi mong muốn áp dụng những nội dung
yêu cầu của dạng bài tập rèn luyện ngữ pháp vào việc giảng dạy môn Tiếng Anh
trong trườngTHPT. Đồng thời tôi cũng mong muốn được sự tham gia đóng góp
của bạn bè đồng nghiệp để nội dung vấn đề thêm phong phú và hoàn hảo hơn.
Tôi xin chân thành cảm ơn!
Văn Yên, ngày tháng năm 2009

Người viết
Nguyễn Thị Hiên

PHẦN THỨ TƯ: ANSWER KEY

Exercise 1:
1. is 12. will you repay

2. don’t go 13. won’t be able
3. will start 14. won’t be
4. are 15. will steal
5. doesn’t arrive 16, sells
6. is 17. won’t let
7. accepts 18. don’t go
8. falls 19. eats
9. comes 20. will happen
10. washes 21. asks
11. doesn’t start
Exercise 2 :
1. would write 10. would you buy 19. would catch

2. were 11. knew 20. passed
3. painted 12. lived 21. told
4. wouldn’t come 13. would you feel 22. were elected
5. would buy 14. got 23. were
6. wouldn’t have 15. were – would tell 24. didn’t work
7. were - wouldn’t worry 16. had 25. worked
8. had 17. had
9. wouldn’t pass 18. would you choose
Exercise 3:
1. had worn 9. had been – wouldn’t have bitten

2. wouldn’t have had 10. had been
3. wouldn’t have felt 11. wouldn’t have overslept
4. had had 12. had spoken
5. hadn’t rained 13. wouldn’t have been
6. would have bought 14. had been
7. had spoken 15. had known – would have gone
8. had had – would have taken
Exercise 4:
1. were – would apply 17. had – would travel
2. spoke 18. had told – would have visited
3. make 19. will catch
4. didn’t eat 20. would have met

5. will accept 21. had
6. had been 22. hadn’t operated
7. is 23. would give
8. take 24. will give
9. were – would be able 25. is – will go
10. reads 26. didn’t eat
11. would wear 27. had taken
12. miss 28. will be
13. did 29. would feel
14. wouldn’t have left 30. didn’t have
15. would you do 31. finish
16. would phone
Exercise 5:
1. Unless I feel better, I won’t go to school.
2. Unless you question Tony, he won’t talk to you.
3. Unless you put on your overcoat, you’ll be cold.
4. Unless you work hard, you will fail the exam.
5. Unless you keep your feet dry, you will get a cold.
6. Unless I leave now, I’ll miss my flight.
7. Unless you are going to the party, I won’t go.
8. Unless you give me your address, I can’t send you a postcard.
9. Unless I won a big prize in a lottery, I wouldn’t build a school for the poor.
10. Unless you leave me alone, I’ll call the police.
Exercise 6:
1. If they weren’t poor, they could help us.
2. If he did his homework, he wouldn’t be punished.
3. If he had enough time, he could help me.
4. If she took some exercise, she wouldn’t be overweight.
5. He wouldn’t go to class late if he had a bicycle.
6. I could do homework if I weren’t bad/ were good at English.
7. If he practised speaking French, he would speak it fluently.
8. If it didn’t snow heavily, the meeting couln’t be cancelled.

9. If it didn’t rain, we would go.
10. If John didn’t eat so many chips, he wouldn’t be fat.
11. If t he water weren’t too dirty, we could bathe in this part of river.
12. If I had Linh’s address, I could write to her.
13. If David drove carefully/ didn’t drive carelessly, he wouldn’t cause
accidents.
Exercise 7:
1. If he had arrived, he wouldn’t have missed the train.
2. If it hadn’t rained, we would have gone.
3. If we had had a map, we wouldn’t have got lost.
4. If he hadn’t been late every day, he wouldn’t have lost his job.
5. If the airport hadn’t been closed, she could have flown to Rome.
6. If Sue hadn’t eaten four cream cakes, she wouldn’t have felt sick.
7. If my brother had left the car keys, I could have picked him up at the station.
8. If we had ahd enough money, we would have gone on holiday.
9. If he had had the ticket to the game last week, he could have got in.
10. If Robert hadn’t started smokinng cigarettes, he wouldn’t have got a bad
cough.
Exercise 8.
1. If it weren’t too cold, they could go swimming.
2. If we had known you were in hospital, we would have visited you.
3. If the doctors could find out the remedy, they could save a lot of people.
4. If we used public bus service, we would get rid of pollution in the city.
5. If the patient had got the treatment, he wouldn’t have died.
6. If I had had an umbrella, I wouldn’t have got wet.
7. If I weren’t tired, I could cycle to work.
8. If that house weren’t too expensive/ were cheaper, I could buy it.
9. If he had workes hard last term, he wouldn’t have lost his job.

10. If it hadn’t been cold yesterday, I would have gone for a walk.
11. If Mary had had money with her, he would have bought that present.
12. If I had known that there was a test yesterday, I would have studied.
13. If the building weren’t too high, he would climb up.
14. If I knew her phone, I would phone her.
15. Unless you post it today, he won’t receive.
16. Unless you tell him what to do, Bill never does anything.
17. Unless we do something to preserve all our beautiful forests, they will be
destroyed.
18. Unless other sources are found, our sources of energy will soon end.
Exercise 9:
1. C 17. B 33. B 49. C

2. C 18. D 34. D 50. B
3. A 19. B 35. B 51. A
4. D 20. C 36. A 52. C
5. B 21. A 37. B 53. A
6. B 22. B 38. D 54. B
7. C 23. D 39. C 55. B
8. A 24. D 40. D 56. B
9. C 25. D 41. D 57. D
10. D 26. C 42. A 58. D
11. B 27. A 43. B 59. C
12. B 28. C 44. C 60. A
13. A 29. D 45. C 61. B
14. D 30. C 46. A 62. C
15. A 31. A 47. B
16. D 32. A 48. A
Exercise 10:
1. A 12. D 23. B
2. A 13. D 24. D
3. D 14. D 25. B
4. D 15. C 26. D
5. D 16. C 27. B

6. D 17. B 28. B
7. C 18. D 29. A
8. B 19. C 30. D
9. D 20. B 31. C
10. C 21. A 32. D
11. B 22. A 33. A
PHẦN THỨ NĂM: TÀI LIỆU THAM KHẢO

1.. A Practical English Grammar - A. J. Thomson & A. V. Martinet.
2. Bài tập trắc nghiệm ngữ pháp Tiếng - Đỗ Tuấn Minh – Hoàng Tuấn
Anh THPT
3. Bài tập trắc nghiệm ngữ pháp Tiếng - Quang Minh
Anh
4. Advanced Language Practice - Michael Vince
5. English Grammar In Use - Raymond Murphy
6. Thực hành kiến thức Tiếng Anh 12 - Đỗ Bích Hà - Đặng Kim Anh
Huỳnh Túy Phượng
7. Bài tập Tiếng Anh 12 - Võ Thị Thúy Anh -
Tôn Nữ Phương Chi -
Lưu Hoằng Trí

MỤC LỤC
Trang
Phần thứ nhất: Phần mở đầu
I. Lí do chọn đề tài
II. Mục đích nghiên cứu
III. Đối tượng nghiên cứu.
IV. Giới hạn phạm vi nội dung nghiên cứu
V. Nhiệm vụ nghiên cứu
VI. Phương pháp nghiên cứu
VII. Thời gian nghiên cứu
Phần thứ hai: Nội dung
Chương I: Cơ sở lí luận của đề tài
Chương II: Thực trạng của đề tài
Chương III: Giải quyết vấn đề
I. Definitions
II. Các dạng bài tập tự luận về câu điều kiện
1. Câu điều kiện loại 1 (type 1)
2. Câu điều kiện loại 2 ( type 2)
3. Câu điều kiện loại 3 (type 3)
4. Viết lại câu điều kiện dùng “Unless”
5. Viết câu điều kiện cho tình huống
III. Bài tập trắc nghiệm
Phần thứ ba: Kết luận
Phần thứ tư: Answer key
Phần thứ năm: Tài liệu tham khảo.
Ý KIẾN ĐÁNH GIÁ CỦA HỘI ĐỒNG KHOA HỌC NHÀ TRƯỜNG

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Ý KIẾN ĐÁNH GIÁ CỦA HỘI ĐỒNG KHOA HỌC CẤP TRÊN
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Trường THPT Chu Văn An Chuyên đề “Các dạng bài tập về câu điều kiện"

PHẦN THỨ NHẤT: PHẦN MỞ ĐẦU

Giáo viên: Nguyễn Thị Hiên 1 Tổ : Ngoại ngữ

Giáo viên: Nguyễn Thị Hiên 2 Tổ : Ngoại ngữ

PHẦN THỨ HAI: NỘI DUNG

Giáo viên: Nguyễn Thị Hiên 3 Tổ : Ngoại ngữ

CHƯƠNG III: GIẢI QUYẾT VẤN ĐỀ

Giáo viên: Nguyễn Thị Hiên 4 Tổ : Ngoại ngữ

II. BÀI TẬP TỰ LUẬN VỀ CÁC LOẠI CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN

If - clause Main - clause

Example: If he runs, he will get there in time.

Exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tenses.

Giáo viên: Nguyễn Thị Hiên 5 Tổ : Ngoại ngữ

2. Conditional sentences: Type 2

If - clause Main - clause

Example: If I had a map, I would lend it to you.

Giáo viên: Nguyễn Thị Hiên 6 Tổ : Ngoại ngữ

Giáo viên: Nguyễn Thị Hiên 7 Tổ : Ngoại ngữ

If - clause Main - clause

Giáo viên: Nguyễn Thị Hiên 8 Tổ : Ngoại ngữ

Exercise 4: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tenses.

Giáo viên: Nguyễn Thị Hiên 9 Tổ : Ngoại ngữ

If- clause -> Unless Main clause

Exercise 5: Rewrite the following sentences using “Unless”

Giáo viên: Nguyễn Thị Hiên 10 Tổ : Ngoại ngữ

5. Changing situations into conditional sentences

* So + clause => Main clause

Giáo viên: Nguyễn Thị Hiên 12 Tổ : Ngoại ngữ

Giáo viên: Nguyễn Thị Hiên 13 Tổ : Ngoại ngữ

Giáo viên: Nguyễn Thị Hiên 14 Tổ : Ngoại ngữ

Giáo viên: Nguyễn Thị Hiên 15 Tổ : Ngoại ngữ

Giáo viên: Nguyễn Thị Hiên 16 Tổ : Ngoại ngữ

Giáo viên: Nguyễn Thị Hiên 17 Tổ : Ngoại ngữ

Giáo viên: Nguyễn Thị Hiên 18 Tổ : Ngoại ngữ

Giáo viên: Nguyễn Thị Hiên 19 Tổ : Ngoại ngữ

7. If the class is full, we would find another one.

Giáo viên: Nguyễn Thị Hiên 20 Tổ : Ngoại ngữ

Giáo viên: Nguyễn Thị Hiên 21 Tổ : Ngoại ngữ

Giáo viên: Nguyễn Thị Hiên 22 Tổ : Ngoại ngữ

PHẦN THỨ BA: KẾT LUẬN

Tôi xin chân thành cảm ơn!

Văn Yên, ngày tháng năm 2009

Nguyễn Thị Hiên

Giáo viên: Nguyễn Thị Hiên 23 Tổ : Ngoại ngữ

PHẦN THỨ TƯ: ANSWER KEY

1. is 12. will you repay

1. would write 10. would you buy 19. would catch

1. had worn 9. had been – wouldn’t have bitten

Giáo viên: Nguyễn Thị Hiên 24 Tổ : Ngoại ngữ

Giáo viên: Nguyễn Thị Hiên 25 Tổ : Ngoại ngữ

Giáo viên: Nguyễn Thị Hiên 26 Tổ : Ngoại ngữ

1. C 17. B 33. B 49. C

Giáo viên: Nguyễn Thị Hiên 27 Tổ : Ngoại ngữ

PHẦN THỨ NĂM: TÀI LIỆU THAM KHẢO

Giáo viên: Nguyễn Thị Hiên 28 Tổ : Ngoại ngữ

Giáo viên: Nguyễn Thị Hiên 29 Tổ : Ngoại ngữ

Giáo viên: Nguyễn Thị Hiên 30 Tổ : Ngoại ngữ

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