Self-Tapping Saddle Tees Foruse: PVC Pipe

American Water Works’Association
ANSVAWWA C908-O1
(Revision of A N S V A W A C908-97)
AWWA STANDARD
FOR
PVC SELF-TAPPING SADDLE TEES
FORUSE O N PVC PIPE
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Effectivedate: Feb. 1,2002.

First edition approved by AWWA Board of Directors Feb. 2,1997.
This edition approved: June 17,2001.
Approved by American National Standards Institute:Nov. 20,2001.
A J E R CAN MATER NORr S ASSOCIATION

6666 West Quincy Avenue, Denver, Colorado 80235
www.awwa.org
Copyright American Water Works Association

Provided by IHS under license with AWWA
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale
A W A Standard
This document is a n American Water Works Association (AWWA) standard. It is not a specification.
AWWA standards describe minimumrequirements and do not contain ail of the engineering and ad-
ministrative information normally contained in &cations. The AWWA standards usually contain
options that must be evaluated by the user of the standard. Until each optional feature is specified by
the user, the product or service is not M y deñned. AWWA publication of a standard does not consti-
tute endorsement of any product or product tppe, nor does AWWA test, certify, or approve any product.
The use of AWWA standards is entirely voluntary. AWWA standards are intended to represent a con-
sensus of the water supply industry that the product described will provide satisfactory service. When
AWWA revises or withdraws this standard, an official notice of action will be placed on the first page
of the classified advertising section of Journal AWWA. The action becomes effective on the first day of
the month following the month of Jounral AWWA publication of the official notice.
American National Standard

A n American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope
and provisions. A n American National Standard is intended as a guide to aid the manufacturer, the
consumer, and the general public. The existence of a n American National Standard does not in any
respect preclude anyone, whether that person has approved the standard or not, from manufacturing,
marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standard.
American National Standards are subject to periodic review, and users are cautioned to obtain the
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that the goods are produced in conformity with particular American National Standards.
CAUTION NOTICE: The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) approval date on the front cover
of this standard indicates completion of the ANSI approval process. “his American National Standard
may be revised or withdrawn a t any time. ANSI procedures require that action be taken to reafnrm,
revise, or withdraw this standard no later than five years from the date of publication. Purchasers of
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Copyright Q 2001 American Water Works Association

Printed in USA
._
11
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Committee Personnel
The AWWA Standards Committee on PVC Pressure Pipe and Fittings, which
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reviewed and approved this standard, had the following personnel at the time of
approval:
Stephen A. McKelvie, Chair

Robert P. Walker, Vice-Chair
Leo A. Kinney Jr., Secretary
Consumer Members
J.L. Diebel, Council Liaison, Denver Water, Denver, Colo.

T.H. Greaves, City of Calgary Waterworks, Calgary, Alta.
L.A. h e y Jr., Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, Colo.
Stephen Poole, EPCOR Water Services, Edmonton, Alta.
D.R. Young, Florida Cities Water Company, Sarasota, ma.
General Interest Members
J.P. Castronovo, CHBM Hill Inc., Gainesville, Fla.

R.J. Holme, Earth Tech Canada, Toronto, Ont.
J.A. Lee, Dayton & Knight Ltd., West Vancouver, B.C.
S.A. McKelvie, Parsons Brinkerhoff Quade & Douglas, Boston,Mass.
E.W. Misichko, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., Northbrook, Ill.
J.R. Paschal, NSF International, Ann Arbor, Mich.
J.G.Richard Jr., Consulting Engineer, Baton Rouge, La.
J.K. Snyder, Snyder Environmental Engineering Associates, Audubon, Pa.
J.S. Wailes,* Standards Engineer Liaison, AWWA, Denver, Colo.
W.R. Whidden, Post Buckley Schuh & Jernigan, Orlando, Fla.
Ken Zastrow: Underwriters Laboratories Inc., Northbrook, 211.
Producer Members
John Calkins, Certainteed Corporation, Valley Forge, Pa.

Gregory Gundel, Specified Fittings Inc., Bellingham, Wash.
*Liaison, nonvoting
tAlternate
...
1ll

D.W. Harrington, Bates Sz Hanington Inc., Madison Heights, Va. (AWWA)
J.F. Houle, PW Pipe, Eugene, Ore. (AWPA)
G.J. Lefort, IPEX Inc.,Langley; B.C. (AWA)
E.E. Schmidt, Diamond Plastics Corporation, Grand Island, Neb. (AWA)
R.P. Walker, Uni-Beil PVC Pipe Association, Dallas,Texas (UNI-BELL)
iv
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Contents
All AWWA stadards foüow the general format indicated subsequently. Some variations from this format m a y be
found in a portictrlar standarà
SEC PAGE SEC. PAGE

Forpwod 4 Requirements
I Introduction ........................................ vii 4.1 Permeatio~............................................4
I .A Background ......................................... vii 4.2 Installation ............................................ 5
1.B History .-.............................................-
vii 4.3 Materiais ............................................... 5
...
Acceptance .......................................-.wu
1.c 4.4 Requirements ........................................ 5
II Special Issues ....................................... ix
5 Verification
IIA Advisory Information on
5.1 Test Methods ......................................... 9
Application of Standard ................... ix
5.2 Inspection ............................................ 11
III Use of This Standard ........................... ix
II1.A Purchaser Options and Alternatives... ix 6 Delivery
1II.B Modification to Standard ...................... x 6.1 Marking ............................................... 12
Major Revisions...................................... x 6.2 Packaging and Shipping ..................... 12
Comments.............................................. x .6.3 Aíñdavit of Compliance ...................... 12
Stan&& Figure
1 General F-1 Self-Tapping Saddle Tee
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1.1 scope ...................................................... 1 With Cutaway View ........................ vii
1.2 Purwse ................................................... i
Tables
1.3 Application ................................_.......-....
1
1 ANSI/AWWA C9ûû Pipe
2 References ........................................... 2 Dimensions (CIOD)........................... 6
3 Definitions........................................... 3 2 IPS PVC pipe Dimensions ......_............6

Foreword
This foreword is for information only and is not a part of AWWA C908-97.
1. Introduction.
1.A Background. For the past 40 years, the water industry has been using
polyvinyl chioride (PVC) pressure pipe for water main lines. The method for connect-
ing service taps to the PVC mains has been an adaptation of the methods used for tap
ping metallic mains.
The W C sel€-tappingsaddle tees (saddles) were developed approximately 30 years
ago, specifically designed to supply the need for tapping PVC mains in a manner suit-
able for the PVC materials used. An example of a self-tapping saddle tee is shown in
Figure F-l.
1.B History. In 1989, the AWWA Standards Council approved a projed to
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develop a standard for saddles, thereby initiating development of the first edition of
this standard in 1997. This edition was approved by the Board on June 17,2001.
Internal Tapping Mechanism n
Saddle Top 7
- / Sealing Gasket Tc3,
u4
Figure F-1
-
Water Main
-Saddle
Self-tapping saddle tee with cutaway view

Bottom
vii
1.C Acceptance. In May 1985, the US Environmental Protection Agency
(USEPA) entered into a cooperative agreement with a consortium led by NSF Interna-
tional (NSF) to develop voluntary third-party consensus standards and a certification
program for all direct and indirect drinking water additives. Other members of the
original consortium included the American Water Works Association Research Foun-
dation (AWWARF) and the Conference of State Health and Environmental Managers
(COSHEM). The American Water Works Association (AWWA) and the Association of
State Drinking Water Administrators (ASDWA)joined later.
In the United States, authority to regulate products for use in, or in contact with,
drinking water rests with individual states.* Local agencies may choose to impose
requirements more stringent than those required by the state. To evaluate the health
effects of products and drinking water additives fiom such products, state and local
agencies may use various references, including
1. An advisory program formerly administered by USEPA, Office of Drinking
Water, discontinued on Apr. 7,1990.
2. Specific policies of the state or local agency.
3. Two standards developed under the direction of NSF,ANSIt/NSF$60,Drink-
ing Water Treatment Chemicals-Health Effects, and ANSUNSF 61, Drinking Water
System Components-Health Effects.
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4. Other references, including AWWA standards, Food Chemicals Codex, Water

Chemicals Codex? and other standards considered appropriate by the state or local
agency.
I
Various certification organizations may be involved in certifying products in
accordance with ANSUNSF 61. Individual states or local agencies have authority to
accept or accredit certification organizations within their jurisdiction. Accreditation of
certification organizations may vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction.
Annex A, Toxicology Review and Evaluation Procedures,” to ANSUNSF 61 does
not stipulate a maximum allowable level (MAL) of a contaminant for substances not
Persons in Canada, Mexico, an% non-North American countries should contact the appro-
priate authority having jurisdiction.
American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, Fourth Floor, New York,NY
10036.
NSF International, 789 N. Dixboro Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48105-9723.
Both publications available from National Academy of Sciences, 2102 Constitution Ave.
N.W., Washington, DC 20418.
viii
regulated by a USEPA final maximum contaminant level (MCL). The MALS of an
unspecified list of "unregulated contaminants" are based on toxicity testing guidelines
(noncarcinogens) and risk characterization methodology (carcinogens). Use of h e x A
procedures may not always be identical, depending on the certifier.
AWWA C908-O1 does not address additives requirements. Thus, users of this
standard should consult the appropriate state or local agency havingjurisdiction in
order to
1. Determine additives requirements including applicable standards.
2. Determine the status of certifications by all parties offering to certiS. prod-
ucts for contact with, o r treatment of, drinking water.
3. Determine current information on product certification.
II. Special Issues.
1I.A Advisory Information on Application of Standard. This standard per-
tains to saddles for use with PVC water pipes conforming to outside diameter dimen-
sions of cast iron outside diameter (CIOD) pipe 4 in. through 8 in. (100 mm through
200 mm) as described in AWWA C900 and iron-pipe-size (IPS)outside diameter 1%-in.
through 8-in. (32-mm through 200-mm) PVC water pipe.
NOTE:Even though AWWA Standard C900 covers 4-in. through 8-in. (100-mm
through 200-mm) PVC pressure class pipes in CIOD, there is no AWWA standard cov-
ering 1%-in. through 8-in. (32-mm through 200-mm) IPS pipes that are pressure rated
(ASTM D2241) nor schedule thicknesses (ASTM D1785) that are in common use for
service lines and branches. Therefore, this standard provides provisions to accommo-
date the 1%-in. through 8-in. (32-mm through 200-mm) IPS pipe.
m. Use of This Standard. AWWA has no responsibility for the suitability or
compatibility of the provisions of this standard to any intended application by any user.
Accordingly, each user of this standard is responsible for determining that the stan-
dard's provisions are suitable for and compatible with that user's intended application.
1II.A Purchaser Options and Alternatives. The following items should be cov-
ered in the purchaser's specifications:
1. Standard used-that is, ANSYAWWA C908, Standard for PVC Self-Tapping
Saddle Tees For Use on PVC Pipe, of latest revision.
2. Nominal size and OD base of pipe upon which to install the self-tapping sad-
dle tee (e.g., 6-in. CIOD or 6-in. IF'S) (Sec. 4.4.2).
3. Nominal size and type of outlet to be used (e.g., 34 in. copper tube size (CTS)
compression) (Sec. 4.4.6).
ix
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4. If the purchaser will require pIant inspection (Sec. 5.2.2).
5. If an affidavit of compliance is required (Sec. 6.3).
1II.B Modification to Standard. Any modincation to the provisions, definitions,
or terminology in this standard must be provided in the purchaseis specifications.
W. Major Revisions. There are no major changes t o this standard.
V. Comments. If you have any comments or questions about this standard,
please call the AWWA Volunteer and Technical Support Group, (303)794-7711ext.
6283,FAX (303)795-7603,or write to the group at 6666 W.Quincy Ave., Denver, CO
80235.
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American Water Works Association
A N W A W A C90ô-O1
(Revision of A N S V A W A C908-97)
AWWA STANDARD FOR
PVC SELF-TAPPING SADDLE TEES

FORUSE O N PVC PIPE
SECIION 1: GENERAL
Sec. 1.1 Scope ..
This standard describes self-tapping saddle tees, hereafter referred to as

self-tapping caddeb), molded from polyvinyl chloride (PVC) material (ASTM D1784).
The self-tapping saddles are for use with PVC water pipe described in ANSYAWWA
C900 having cast iron outside diameters (CIOD) and are for self-tapping saddles
designed for iron pipe size (IPS-OD)
PVC water pipes in nominal sizes 1% in. through 8
in. (32mm through 200 mm).
Sec. 1.2 Purpose

The purpose of this standard is to provide purchasers, manufacturers, and con-
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structors with minimum capabilities, characteristics, and properties that a saddle

must pass at the time of manufacture.
Sec. 1.3 Application

The saddles described in this standard are intended for use in tapping 4-in.
through 8-in. (100-mm through 200-mm)PVC pipe manufactured in accordance with

2 AWWAC908-01
ANSYAWWA C900 and for IPS-OD PVC water pipes in nominal sizes 1% in. through
8 in. (32mm through 200 mm).
SECTION 2: KFERENCES
This standard references the following documents. In their latest editions, they
form a part of this standard to the extent specified within the standard. In any case of
conflict, the requirements of this standard shaii prevail.
ANSI B1.20-American National Standard For Pipe Threads, General Purpose
(Inch).
ASTM* D1598-Standard Test Method for Time-To-Failure of Plastic Pipe Under
Constant Internal Pressure.
ASTM D1599-Standard Test Method for Resistance to Short-Time Hydraulic
Failure Pressure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings.
ANSYASTM D1784-Standard Specification for Rigid Poly (Vinyl Chloride)
(PVC) Compounds and Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds.
ASTM D1785-Standard Specification for Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic
Pipe, Schedules 40,80, and 120.
ASTM D2122-Standard Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Thermo-
plastic Pipe and Fittings.
ASTM D2241-Standard Specification for Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pressure-
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Rated Pipe (SDR Series).
ASTM D2837Ctandard Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic Design Basis
for Thermoplastic Pipe Materials.
ASTM F477-Standard Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining
Plastic Pipe.
ASTM FGlO/FGlOM-Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Quality of Molded
Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings by the Heat Reversion Technique.
ANSI'/AWA CSOO-Standard for Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pressure Pipe,
and Fabricated Fittings, 4 In. Through 12 In. (100 mm Through 300 mm), for Water
Distribution.
American Society for Testing and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA
i::
19428-2959.
t American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, Fourth Floor, New York, NY
10036.

W C SELF-TAPPING SADDLE TEES 3
ANSIíAWWA C 9 0 7 4 t a n d a r d for Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pressure Fittings

for W a t e r 4 In. Through 8 In. (100mm Through 200 mm).
AWWA Manual M23-PVC Pipe, Design, and Installation.
SECTION 3: DEFINITIONS
The following definitions shall apply in this standard:
1. Adapter: A fitting used to connect pipe or tubing sections or other fittings
that may have M e r e n t threads or materials.
2. Compression outlet: That portion of a self-tapping saddlek) used to con-
nect the service pipe to the outlet of the self-tapping saddle($ by mechanically com-
pressing a seal of elastomeric material.
3. Dimension ratio (DR): The DR is determined by dividing the average out-
side diameter (OD) of the pipe by its minimum wall thickness and rounding off the
dimensionless quotient, when necessary, to the nearest whole number.
4. Factor of safety: A number by which the long-term pressure strength
(LTPS) of a self-tapping saddle is divided to determine what proportion of the LTPS
can be used in the calculation of its pressure class or pressure rating.
5. Internal tapping mechanism: A device that is a part of the self-tapping tee
and used to perforate the wall of the main or shut off the flow of water to the service
line.
6. Long-term pressure strength (LTPS): The long-term, hydrostatic, internal
pressure strength in pounds per square inch (psi) of a specific configuration and size of
injection-molded self-tapping saddle for water service at a specific maximum operat-
ing temperature as determined by hydrostatic tests and detailed evaluation proce-
dures in accordance with ASTM D2837, with internal pressure substituted for hoop
stress. The LTPS of self-tapping saddles in this standard is 615 psi (4,240 P a ) at
73.4"F (23°C).
7. Manufacturec The party that manufactures, fabricates, or produces mate-
rials or products.
8. Mechanical self-tapping saddle tee: A self-tapping saddle and tee unit
used to mechanically connect the water main to a service lateral or pipe incorporating
an internal self-tapping mechanism to be used once only on its first application.
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4 AWWAC90&01
9. Polyvinyl chloride: Polyvinyl chloride, or PVC,refers to thermoplastic com-

pounds prepared by combining PVC resin with modifiers, stabilizers, lubricants, and
pigments to attain desirable properties for processing, property control, and coloring.
10. Pressure class: The working-pressure rating of a specific pipe or fitting for
water service at a maximum operating temperature of 73.4"F(23°C).
11. Pressure rating: The pressure rating of a specific pipe or fitting for water
service at a maximum operating temperature of 73.4"F (23°C)determined without an
allowance for surge pressure and with a safety factor of 2.
12. Purchaser: The person, company, or organization that purchases any
materials or work to be performed.
13. surge pressure: d e maximum pressure increase above the working pres-
sure (sometimes called "water hammer") that is anticipated in the pipe system as a
result of change in the velocity of the water column when valves are operated or when
pumps are started or stopped.
14. Total system pressure: The sum of working pressure plus surge pressure.
15. Working pressure: The maximum sustained operating pressure under
steady state conditions that is anticipated for the pipeline being designed. Transient
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surge pressures associated with changing flow velocities are not included in working
pressure.
SECTION 4: REQUIREMENTS
Sec. 4.1 Permeation

The selection of materials is critical for water service and distribution piping in
locations where there is likelihood the pipe will be exposed to significant concentra-
tions of pollutants comprised of low molecular weight petroleum products or organic
solvents or their vapors. Research has documented that pipe materials such as poly-
ethyIene, polybutylene, polyvinyl chloride, and asbestos cement, and elastomers, such
as used in jointing gaskets and packing glands, may be subject to permeation by lower
molecular weight organic solvents o r petroleum products. If a water pipe must pass
through such a contaminated area or an area subject to contamination, consult with
the manufacturer regarding permeation of pipe walls, jointing materials, and so forth,
before selecting materials for use in that area.

PVC SELF-TAPPING SADDLE TEES 5
Sec. 4.2 Installation

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The manufacturer shall make available to the purchaser installation instruc-

tions to ensure that self-tapping saddles provide proper performance.
Sec. 4.3 Materials

4.3.1 Basic materials.
4.3.1.1 Self-tapping saddle body components. The plastic components of sad-
dles shall be made from virgin homopolymer compounds capable of satisfying the
long-term performance requirements of Sec. 4.4.3 and the requirements for potable
water service (Sec. 1.C of the foreword). The compound shall be classiñed in accor-
dance with ANSI/ASTM D1784.
4.3.1.2 Rework materials. Clean rework materials generated from a manufac-
turer may be used by that manufacturer for in-house production, provided that the
finished products meet all the requirements of this standard.
4.3.1.3 Qualification for potable water service. The materials used to make
saddles shall contain no ingredient that may migrate into water in quantities consid-
ered to be toxic. Materials and compounds shall be suitable for potable water distribu-
tion service.
4.3.1.4 Gaskets and lubricants. Gaskets and lubricants intended for use with
the plastic self-tapping saddle material shall be of materials that are compatible with
each other. They shall not be toxic or contribute taste and odor to the water in an
assembled piping system.
4.3.1.5 Elastomeric gaskets. Elastomeric gaskets shall be manufactured from
materials that meet the requirements of ASTM F477 for high head application.
4.3.1.6 Self-tapping saddle(s) components. Self-tapping saddle(s) components,
such as the internal tapping mechanism, fasteners, seals, packing, and so forth, must
be made from materials with qualities including endurance, corrosion resistance, and
strength so as to not lessen the expected life performance of the assembly.
Sec. 4.4 Requirements

4.4.1 Workmanship. Self-tapping saddle(s) assemblies shall be free of chips,
dirt, filings, or other foreign materials. Those parts that are molded plastic shall be
homogeneous throughout and shall be free of visible cracks, holes, foreign inclusions,
or other injurious defects. The saddle shall be as uniform as commercially practical in
color, opacity, density, and other physical properties.

6 AWWAC90ô-01
4.4.2 Dimensions. The inside diameter of the self-tapping saddlecs) shall con-
form to the values given in Tables 1 and 2 when measured as specified in ASTM
D2ï22. Upon request, the manufacturer s h d provide to the purchaser relevant stan-
dard product dimensions and tolerances for the self-tapping saddle(s1. Provisions in
the design shall provide a bottom-out or stop feature to prevent overtightening and
necking-down or damage to the PVC water pipe.
4.4.3 Fitting qualification test. Each saddle size shall be qualified by testing
in accordance with Sec. 5.1.2.2.Representative saddles shall demonstrate an average
extrapolated long-term pressure strength (LTPS) of 625 psi (4,240kPa) at 100,000hr.
4.4.4 Sealinggasket. The sealing gasket in the self-tapping saddle(s1 bonnet
shail form a permanent watertight seal a t the rated pressure of the pipe when the
self-tapping saddle is properly installed.
4.4.5 Internal tapping mechunism. The internal tapping mechanism shall not
cause cracking or damage to the water main when cutting the hole in the main in
accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. The cutting device shall be a shell
Table 1 A N W A W A C900 pipe dimensions (CIOD)

Pressure Class at 73.4"F
Nominal Size (23°C). Average Outside Diameter Tolerance
in. (mm) psi DR in. ímm) in. ímml
4 (100) 100.150, or 200 25, 18, or 14 4.800 (121.9) I.009 (0.23)
6 (150) 100, 150, or 200 25, 18, or 14 6.900 (175.3) 2.011 (0.28)
8 (200) 100, 150, or 200 25, 18, or 14 9.050 (229.9) t.015 (0.38)
Table 2 IPS PVC pipe dimensions

Nominal Pipe Size Average Outside Diameter Tolerance
in. ímm) in. ímm) in. ímm)
1% (32) 1.660 (42.16) 10.005 (0.13)
1Y2 (40) 1.900 (48.26) 10.006 . (0.15)
2 (50) 2.375 (60.32) 10.006 (0.15)
2% (65) 2.875 (73.02) 10.007 (0.18)
3 (80) 3.500 (88.90) IO.008 (0.20)
3% (90) 4.000 (101.60) 10.008 (0.20)
4 (100) 4.500 í 114.30) IO.009 (0.23)
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6 (150) 6.625 ( 168.28) 10.011 (0.28)

8 (200) 8.625 (219.08) 20.015 (0.38)

W C SELF-TAPPINGSADDLE TEES 7
cutter suitable for tapping PVC pressure pipe and shall also be designed to minimize
stresses on the PVC during the tapping process. The cutter shall retain the PVC cou-
pon cut from the main &r tapping.
4.4.6 Outlets "he outlet of the tee shall be threaded male iron pipe size,
threaded female iron pipe size, solvent cemented, or mechanical-compression type,as
required by the purchaser. The outlets shall be designed to accept service piping in
sizes S i n . (13-mm) through 2-in.(50-mm) IPS OD, or %-in. (2O-mm) through 2-in.
(5û-mm) copper tube size (CTS).
4.4.7 Design pressure requirements. The self-tapping saddleís) shall be
designed to pwvide satisfactory performance on water distribution mains and services
operating at 73.4"F (23°C) and 200 psig (1,379kPa) for all sizes. The ratings apply to
the 200 psi (1,379 kPa) working pressure, and the design shall provide for a pressure
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rise above this pressure caused by surge of 1.5times above maximum allowable 200-psi
(1.379-kPa) pressure in water distribution mains. The long-term pressure strength
(LTPS)of each size self-tapping saddl4s) shall be 615 psi (4,240 P a ) .
4.4.8 Working pressure safety factors. The sel€-tapping saddlds) safety factor
available a t the working pressure of the PVC pipeline on which the saddles are
instailed can be calculated by using the following equation:
Fwp= LTPS
-I
(Eq 1)
pWP
Where:
Fwp = saddle safety factor at the working pressure
LTPS = long-term pressure strength, which is 615 psi (4,240 kPa) for saddles
meeting the requirements of this standard
Pwp = maximum working pressure in the PVC pipeline
4.4.8.1 Example. Calculate the safety factor applicable to an installed and

open saddle when conveying flow from a PVC pipeline in which the maximum working
pressure will be 200 psi (1,379 =a).
Solution:
- 615
Fup - KO= 3.07
4.4.9 Maximum surge pressure safety factors. Saddles meeting the require-
ments of this standard are designed to operate at surge pressures of 1.5 x pressure

8 AWWAC908-O1
rating or 300 psi (2,068Wa). The self-tapping saddle(s)safety factors occurring in the
PVC pipeline on which they are installed can be calculated by using the following
equation:
Where:
Fsp = saddle safety factor at maximum surge pressure
LTPS = long-term pressure strength, which is 615 psi (4,240kPa) for saddles
meeting the requirements of this standard
Pts = total system pressure in the PVC pipeline, working pressure plus surge
pressure, not to exceed 300 psi (2,068Wal
4.4.9.1 Example. In a Class 150,DR 18, PVC pipeline, the working pressure
is 150 psi (1,034P a ) . The velocity of flow will be instantaneously changed from time
to time by up to 2 Wsec (0.61dsec). Calculate the safety factor applicable to the self-
tapping saddles installed and open on this pipeline under fbll flow conditions and
maximum surge pressure.
Solution: The pressure rise in a PVC pipeline as a result of a change in flow veloc-
ity is given in AWWA M23. For DR 18 pipe, the pressure surges by 17.4 psi (120Wal for
each 1 Wsec instant change in flow velocity-Therefore:
F = 615 = 3.3
sP 150 + 35
4.4.10 Quality control of self-tappingsaddle(s) tees.

4.4.10.1 Accelerated-regression test. Self-tapping saddle(s) tees shall be
tested in accordance with Sec. 5.1.2.3.Representative self-tapping saddles shall dem-
onstrate a minimum extrapolated long-term pressure strength (LTPS) of 615 psi
(4,240Wal at 100,000hr.
4.4.10.2 Burst pressure. Specimens of the saddles shall not leak or fail when
raised to a pressure of 985 psi (6,791kPa) in accordance with the test method in
Sec. 5.1.2.5.
4.4.10.3 Heat-reversion test. Self-tapping saddle tees shall be tested in accor-
dance with Sec. 5.1.2.4.The saddles shall conform to the criteria for success specified
in the procedure.
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PVC SELF-TAPPINGSADDLE TEES 9
SECTION 5: VERIFICATION
Sec. 5.1 Test Methods

5.1.1 Test preparation.
5.1.1.1 Conditioning. Tests shall be performed at 73.4"F 13.5"F (23°C&OC)
unless otherwise specified by the purchaser. Fittings shall be conditioned at test tem-
peratures in a liquid bath for a minimum of 1hr or in a gaseous medium for a mini-
mum of 16 hr before pressurizing.
5.1.1.2 Sampling. Selection of fittings for testing s h d be as specified in this
standard, unless otherwise agreed on by the purchaser and the manufacturer.
5.1.2 Test methods.
5.1.2.1 Dimensions. All measurements shall be made in accordance with
ASTM D2122.
5.1.2.2 Fitting qualification test. Each saddle design, pattern, and size shall
be qualified by subjecting representative samples to long-term pressure tests, with
devices mounted on water mains, as described in ASTM D1598, except as modified
below. The PVC pipe will be tapped by the saddle under this quaiifícation test, and the
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self-tapping saddleb) valve is closed during the test. Internal pressure is substituted
for hoop stress. Pressure versus time-to-failure data, consisting of at least 10 data
points and extending t o at least 2,000 hr, shall be obtained in representative self-
tapping saddle specimens mounted on pipe that has end closures described in ASTM
Dl599 but otherwise in accordance with ASTM D1598. These data shall be used to
develop an estimate of the self-tapping saddle's average 100,000 hr strength
(expressed as internal pressure in psi) in accordance with the extrapolation method
given in ASTM D2837. The data shall be entered as log pressure to failure (psi) versus
log time to failure hours rather than the usual log stress to failure versus log time to
failure. The data shall be considered unsuitable for extrapolation if the lower confi-
dence limit at 100,000 hr is less than 85 percent of the estimated average pressure
strength for the same time intercept. Failure of pipe only or of the self-tapping sad-
dle(s) only or of both the pipe and the self-tapping saddle(s1 simultaneously in the test
assembly shall represent a valid data point for estimating the self-tapping saddle's
average 100,000 hr strength.
5.1.2.3 Accelerated-regression test. A minimum of six specimens of a single
size of saddles shall be subjected to short-term pressure tests mounted on pipe that

10 AWWAC908-O1
has end closures described in ASTM Dl599 but otherwise in accordance with ASTM
D1598. The self-tapping saddles shall be tested at internal pressures calculated to
cause failure (to yield data points) at the following time intervals:
a. 0.167 hr to 0.500 hr (10 min to 30 min)
b. 0.501 hr to 2.000 hr (30 min to 120 min)
c. 2.001 hr to 15.000 hr
d. 15.0001hr to 100.000hr
e. 100.001hr to 1,000 hr
f O to 100+ hr (random point)
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Failure of a self-tapping saddle in a test assembly during the accelerated regres-

sion test shall represent a valid data point for estimating the self-tapping saddle’s
strength. Additional points may be added to improve the precision of the extrapolation
or to narrow the band width of the confidence limits. No points shall be excluded unless
& obvious defect is detected in the failure area of the test specimen. These data shaD
be used to develop an estimate of the self-tapping saddle’s average 100,000-hrstrength
(expressed as internal pressure in psi) as described in ANSI/ AWWA C907 and in accor-
dance with the extrapolation method given in ASTM D2837.
5.1.2.4 Heat-reversion test. Self-tapping saddles shall be subjected to the
reversion test method given in ASTM F610. The estimation of quality shall be based
on the suggested interpretation of results given in the appendix of ASTM F610.
5.1.2.5 Burst-pressure test. All sizes of saddles shall be tested. Self-tapping
saddles in sizes 4 in. through 8 in. (100 mm through 200 mm) shall be instailed on
class 200 DR14 PVC pipe with the tap completed and the valve closed. IPS-OD self-
tapping saddles in sizes 1%in. through 8 in. (32 mm through 200 mm) shall be
installed on DR13.5 series PVC pipe with the t a p completed and the valve closed. The
pressure in the test assembly shall be raised to the required test pressure within
60 sec to 70 sec.
5.1.3 Test frequency.
5.1.3.1 Dimensions. The dimension of self-tapping saddles produced from
each mold cavity shall be measured at the beginning of production and, thereafter, at
least once for each 8 hr of production. Any change t o the molding parameters or mate-
rial compound shall be interpreted as a beginning of production.
5.1.3.2 Fitting qualification test. Each self-tapping saddle’s size shall meet
the requirements of Sec. 4.4.3. Having met these requirements, the qualified fit-
ting may be produced, subject to the other requirements of this standard, without

PVC SEW-TAPPING SADDLE TEES 11
additional qualincation tests. A qualified fitting shall be retested in accordance with

Sec. 5.1.2.2 if a change is made to its designed dimensions or any materiais compound
to ensure compliance with Sec.4.4.3.
5.1.3.3 Accelerated regression test. Testing shall be done on the original
design and, thereafter, in accordance with Sec. 5.1.2.3.
5.1.3.4 Heat-reversion test. One self-tapping saddle shall be selected at ran-
dom fkom the first 50 seif-tapping saddles of each production run of each configuration
and size and tested in accordance with Sec. 4.4.10.3 and once each 8 hr thereafter or
on any change of molding conditions.
5.1.3.5 Provision for test-sample failure. Any rejected fitting, plus the fittings
represented by that fitting, shall be rejected if it does not meet all requirements in
this section. A quantity of specimens shall be subjected to the failed test method in
numbers sufficient to determine which are acceptable of those produced from the
same mold as the last favorable test.
5.1.4 Retention oftest results. The manufacturer shall maintain for a period of
not less than five years a record of all quality-control tests performed in accordance
with Sec. 4.4.10 of this standard and shall, ifrequested, submit the pertinent record to
the purchaser.
Sec. 5.2 Inspection

5.2.1 General. Inspection by the purchaser shall not relieve the manufacturer
of the responsibility for providing a product that will satisfjr the requirements defined
in this standard.
5.2.2 Notifiation of purchaser. If an in-plant inspection of the product is spec-
ified by the purchaser, the manufacturer shall provide the purchaser advance notice of
the date, time, and place of seif-tapping sadcìleb) manufacture and testing so that the
purchaser may be present.
5.2.3 Rejection. Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, any self-tapping
saddle that is found to not conform to this standard shall be returned to and replaced
by the manufacturer.
5.2.3.1 External leakage. External leakage to the outside of the fitting or any
leakage between the self-tapping saddle and pipe is a basis for rejection, when instal-
lation is performed in conformance with the manufacturer’s published instructions.
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12 A W A C908-01.
5.2.3.2 Failure of internal tapping mechanism. Any failure of the internal

tapping mechanism to properly cut and retain the coupon without damage to the pipe
is a basis for rejection.
SECTION 6: DELIVERY
Sec. 6.1 Marking

Each self-tapping saddle shall bear the following permanent marking:
a. Nominal size and OD base of the pipe with which the self-tapping saddlds)
is to be used (i.e., 6 in. C900 OD).
b. PVC.
c. AWWA designation for this standard (ANSVAWWA C908 of latest edition).
d. Manufacturer’s name o r trademark and production-record code.
e. Seal of the laboratory that evaluates the device as being suitable for use with
potable water.
Sec. 6.2 Packaging and Shipping

The saddles shall be complete and ready to install when shipped. The manufac-
turer shall use care in packaging to prevent damage during handling or transit.
Sec. 6.3 Affidavit of Compliance

The purchaser may require an &davit from the manufacturer that the products
provided have been tested and comply with all applicable provisions of this standard.
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Self-Tapping Saddle Tees Foruse: PVC Pipe

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Self-Tapping Saddle Tees Foruse: PVC Pipe

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American Water Works’Association

Effectivedate: Feb. 1,2002.

A J E R CAN MATER NORr S ASSOCIATION

Copyright American Water Works Association

American National Standard

Copyright Q 2001 American Water Works Association

Copyright American Water Works Association

Stephen A. McKelvie, Chair

J.L. Diebel, Council Liaison, Denver Water, Denver, Colo.

General Interest Members

J.P. Castronovo, CHBM Hill Inc., Gainesville, Fla.

John Calkins, Certainteed Corporation, Valley Forge, Pa.

Copyright American Water Works Association

Copyright American Water Works Association

SEC PAGE SEC. PAGE

Copyright American Water Works Association

Internal Tapping Mechanism n

- / Sealing Gasket Tc3,

Self-tapping saddle tee with cutaway view

4. Other references, including AWWA standards, Food Chemicals Codex, Water

Copyright American Water Works Association

Copyright American Water Works Association

AWWA STANDARD FOR

PVC SELF-TAPPING SADDLE TEES

Sec. 1.1 Scope ..

This standard describes self-tapping saddle tees, hereafter referred to as

Sec. 1.2 Purpose

structors with minimum capabilities, characteristics, and properties that a saddle

Sec. 1.3 Application

Copyright American Water Works Association

Copyright American Water Works Association

ANSIíAWWA C 9 0 7 4 t a n d a r d for Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pressure Fittings

Copyright American Water Works Association

9. Polyvinyl chloride: Polyvinyl chloride, or PVC,refers to thermoplastic com-

Sec. 4.1 Permeation

Copyright American Water Works Association

Sec. 4.2 Installation

The manufacturer shall make available to the purchaser installation instruc-

Sec. 4.3 Materials

Sec. 4.4 Requirements

Copyright American Water Works Association

Table 1 A N W A W A C900 pipe dimensions (CIOD)

Table 2 IPS PVC pipe dimensions

6 (150) 6.625 ( 168.28) 10.011 (0.28)

Copyright American Water Works Association

4.4.8.1 Example. Calculate the safety factor applicable to an installed and

Copyright American Water Works Association

4.4.10 Quality control of self-tappingsaddle(s) tees.

Copyright American Water Works Association

Sec. 5.1 Test Methods

Copyright American Water Works Association

Failure of a self-tapping saddle in a test assembly during the accelerated regres-

Copyright American Water Works Association

additional qualincation tests. A qualified fitting shall be retested in accordance with

Sec. 5.2 Inspection

Copyright American Water Works Association

5.2.3.2 Failure of internal tapping mechanism. Any failure of the internal

Sec. 6.1 Marking

Sec. 6.2 Packaging and Shipping

Sec. 6.3 Affidavit of Compliance

Copyright American Water Works Association

Copyright American Water Works Association

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