Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Juniper
Juniper
Juniper
Internally, junos equipments are separated between a Routing Engine (RE) and a Packet Forwarding
Engine (PFE). RE and PFE are linked internally with a int link (expo)
Transit traffic is managed by the PFE, RE creates the Routing table and Forwarding table and send a copy
to the PFE. When traffic arrived from an egress interface, the PFE immedeatly decides where to send it.
Junos version:
19.2X3
3 – build number
20.0F1
20.4R2.
The first time you start a Juniper products, you will first enter the FreeBSD OS prompt.
commit
Juniper Models:
There have been several occasions where network engineers have installed an SRX appliance with the
firewall disabled into an enterprise network.
QFX – Juniper Data center Switches (offer lower speed and lower latency)
MX – Juniper Routers
CTP – Juniper Routers used for E1,T1 or serial links using TDM
PTX – Juniper Routers used for MPLS, specially designed to be the P Router into the MPLS network
Identify Daemons / Processes
lists the daemons/network en\ gineer you need to be aware of, their full name, and a description of their purpose:
root@Router1t> configure
or
To make sure that another one doesn’t make changes to the config at the same time:
root@Router1> configure exclusive
warning: uncommitted changes will be discarded on exit
Entering configuration mode
EDIT INTERFACES:
Rollback command
Use to rollback to an older configuration in case you messed up something in the actual
candidate configuration.
root@Router1#roolback 0,1
Rescue configuration
jcluser@vMX-addr-0>rollback rescue
The Routing Engine creates the Forwarding Table and it sends a copy to the Forwarding Engine.
The Routing engine is looking at the Destination prefixes/subnets and the Next-hop addresses .
The Forwarding Engine is looking at the Destination prefixes/subnets, next-hop addresses and
the exiting interfaces.
Directly Connected = 0
Static = 5
OSPF = 10
IS-IS = 15
RIP = 100
BGP = 170
Routing Instances
If you are a SP and you need a way to separate traffic from multiple customers, you need to
implement routing instances.
The router needs routing instance to separate each customer routing tables from each other.
(to prevent a customer to access another customer network)
You can add a static router or enable ospf only to a customer routing instance and it will stay
only there.
OSPF:
The router-id is set if it is explicitly configured, otherwise it is selected based on the highest
addressed loopback (if present) or highest ip address on an interface.
2. Hello Packets
When OSPF is enabled, the router starts sending Hello Packets to 224.0.0.5 to form addjeaces.
3. Area ID
4. Timers
5. Area types
10,000
= 10
1,000
What can be a reason which OSPF neighbors get stuck in Exstart or Exchange state?
Route Policies:
Route policies are similar to Route Redistribution on Cisco, but on Junos they are called R
policies.
Decide what route can be redistribute to other routing protocols, for exemple, exporting IS-IS
route into OSPF.
2 categories:
Import policies
Export policies
edit policy-options
---→
edit policy-options
---→
Also if you need to export/import some specific routes, you can create a prefix list.
- accept
- discard
- reject
Create a QoS / policying filter for a fw filter to use QoS in case the bandwidth is exceeded.
In case the traffic has 100 Mbps it will use Assured Forwarding class.
edit firewall
show system statistics – check traffic for tcp, udp, icmp, igmp, mpls, arp etc.
show virtual-chassis – see the master node or child node in the chassis
show chassis fpc – checks the connection between the Routing engine and the Forwarding
Engine