MUSIC (1st QUARTER)

IMPRESSIONISM

- It is a based on the art movement started by 19th century Paris-based visual artist. Its created amood rather than a
definite picture. It also apply suggested, rather than depicted and reality.

CLAUDE DEBUSSY(1862-1918)

-He is the primary exponent of the impressionist movement and the focal point of other impressionist composer.

-He is one of the most important and influencial 20th Century composer.

SOME OF HIS WORKS:

- The Prodigal Son

- Prelude to the afternoon of a Faun

- String quartet

Musical Composition: 227 pieces

JOSEPH MAURICE RAVEL (1875-1937)

-His compositional style is characterized by harmonic progression and modulations not only musically satisfying but
also pleasantly dissonant and elegantly sophisticated.

SOME OF HIS WORKS:

- Pavane for a Dead Princess

- Gaspard dela Nuit

Musical Composition: 60 pieces

EXPRESSIONISM

-Revealed the composer mind instead of presenting an impression of the environment. It served as a medium for
expressing strong emotions such as anxiety, rage and alienation.

ARNOLD SCHOEBERG (1874- 1951)

-He is credited with the development of the twelve-stone system. His work were met with extreme reaction either
strong hostility from the general public or enthusiastic acclaim from his supporters.

SOME OF HIS WORKS:

-Verklarte Nacht

-Pierrot Lunaire

-Gurreleider

Musical Compositions: 213 piesces

IGOR STRAVINSKY(1882-1971)

- He adopted the forms of the 18th century with his contemporary style of writing despite if shocking modernity. His
music is also very structed, precise, controlled, full of artifice and theatrically.

SOME OF HIS WORKS:

-Petrouchka

-The Rite of Spring

-The Rake’s Progress

Music Compositions: 127 pieces

NEO-CLASSICISM

-Partial return to a Classical form of writing music with carefully modulated dissonances. It was a moderating
factors between the emotional excesses of the romantic period and the violent impulses of the soul in expressionism.

BELA BARTOK(1881-1945)

He was a neo-classical modern nationalist and primitivist composer who adapted Hungarian folk themes to
introduce rhythms with changing meters and heavy syncopation.

SOME OF HIS WORKS:

-Six String Quartets

-Concerto for Orchestra

-Allegro Barbaro

Musical Compositions: 700 piesces

SERGEI PROKOFIEFF(1891-1953)

-He is regarded today as a combination of Neo-classicist, nationalist and avant-garde composer.

SOME OF HIS WORKS:

-Peter and the wolf

-Symphony no.1

FRANCIS POULENC(1899-1963)

-He was a successful composer for piano voice and choral music. His composition had a cooly elegant, modernity
tempred by a classical sense of proportion. He was a member of a group of young French composer known as LES
SIX.

SOME OF HIS WORKS:

-Comcert Champetre

-Concerto of two pianos

-Concerto for solo Pianos

AVANT-GARDE MUSIC

-It was associated with electronic music and dealt with the parameters or dimensional of sound in space.
Improvisation was a necessity in his style.

GEORGE GERSHIWN(1898-1937)

-He is considered the “Father of American Jazz”. His works range from classical composition to songs for stage and
film.

SOME OF HIS WORKS:

-Lala Lucille

-An American in Paris

-Rhapsody in Blue

Musical Composition; 369 pieces

LEONARD BERNSTEIN(1918-1990)

-He is best known for his compositions for the stage and his music lecture for young people.

SOME OF HIS WORKS:

-West Side Story(musical)

-Mass

Musical Composition: 90 pieces

PHILIP GLASS (born1937)

-He is commercially successful minimalist and avant-garde composers.

SOME OF HIS WORKS:

-Music in similar motion

-Music in Changing parts

Musical Compositions: 170 piesces

MODERN NATIONALISM

-It is a looser form of 20th Century music development that focused of nationalistic composers and musical
innovators who sought to combine modern techniques with folk materials.