Y11 MAA-SL-Venn Diagram

1. The Venn diagram below shows events A and B where P(A) = 0.3, P( A  B) = 0.6 and
P(A ∩ B) = 0.1. The values m, n, p and q are probabilities.

(a) (i) Write down the value of n.

(ii) Find the value of m, of p, and of q.

(4)

(b) Find P(B′).

(2)
(Total 6 marks)

2. The following Venn diagram shows a sample space U and events A and B.

U A B

n(U) = 36, n(A) = 11, n(B) = 6 and n(A  B)′ = 21.

(a) On the diagram, shade the region (A  B)′.

(b) Find

(i) n(A  B);

(ii) P(A  B).

(c) Explain why events A and B are not mutually exclusive.

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 Working:

Answers:

(b) (i) ...........................................................

(ii) ...........................................................

(c) ..................................................................

(Total 4 marks)

3. Consider the events A and B, where P(A) = 0.5, P(B) = 0.7 and P(A ∩ B) = 0.3.

The Venn diagram below shows the events A and B, and the probabilities p, q and r.

(a) Write down the value of

(i) p;

(ii) q;

(iii) r.
(3)

(b) Find the value of P(A | B′).

(2)

(c) Hence, or otherwise, show that the events A and B are not independent.
(1)
(Total 6 marks)

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4. The following Venn diagram shows the universal set U and the sets A and B.

U B
A

(a) Shade the area in the diagram which represents the set B  A'.

n(U) = 100, n(A) = 30, n(B) = 50, n(A  B) = 65.

(b) Find n(B  A′).

(c) An element is selected at random from U. What is the probability that this element is
in B  A′ ?

Working:

Answers:

(b) ..................................................................
(c) ..................................................................
(Total 4 marks)

5. The Venn diagram below shows information about 120 students in a school. Of these, 40 study
Chinese (C), 35 study Japanese (J), and 30 study Spanish (S).

A student is chosen at random from the group. Find the probability that the student

(a) studies exactly two of these languages;

(1)

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 (b) studies only Japanese;
(2)

(c) does not study any of these languages.

(3)
(Total 6 marks)

6. In a class, 40 students take chemistry only, 30 take physics only, 20 take both chemistry and
physics, and 60 take neither.

(a) Find the probability that a student takes physics given that the student takes chemistry.

(b) Find the probability that a student takes physics given that the student does not take
chemistry.

(c) State whether the events “taking chemistry” and “taking physics” are mutually exclusive,
independent, or neither. Justify your answer.
(Total 6 marks)

7. In a class of 100 boys, 55 boys play football and 75 boys play rugby. Each boy must play at
least one sport from football and rugby.

(a) (i) Find the number of boys who play both sports.

(ii) Write down the number of boys who play only rugby.
(3)

(b) One boy is selected at random.

(i) Find the probability that he plays only one sport.

(ii) Given that the boy selected plays only one sport, find the probability that he plays
rugby.
(4)

Let A be the event that a boy plays football and B be the event that a boy plays rugby.

(c) Explain why A and B are not mutually exclusive.

(2)

(d) Show that A and B are not independent.

(3)
(Total 12 marks)

8. Consider events A, B such that P (A)  0, P (A)  1, P (B)  0, and P (B)  1.

In each of the situations (a), (b), (c) below state whether A and B are

mutually exclusive (M);

independent (I);
neither (N).

(a) P(A|B) = P(A)

(b) P(A  B) = 0

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 (c) P(A  B) = P(A)

Working:

Answers:

(a) ..................................................................
(b) ..................................................................
(c) ..................................................................

(Total 6 marks)

9. In a group of 16 students, 12 take art and 8 take music. One student takes neither art nor music.
The Venn diagram below shows the events art and music. The values p, q, r and s represent
numbers of students.

(a) (i) Write down the value of s.

(ii) Find the value of q.

(iii) Write down the value of p and of r.

(5)

(b) (i) A student is selected at random. Given that the student takes music, write down the
probability the student takes art.

(ii) Hence, show that taking music and taking art are not independent events.
(4)

(c) Two students are selected at random, one after the other. Find the probability that the first
student takes only music and the second student takes only art.
(4)
(Total 13 marks)

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10. In a school of 88 boys, 32 study economics (E), 28 study history (H) and 39 do not study either
subject. This information is represented in the following Venn diagram.

U (88)

E (32) H (28)

a b c
39

(a) Calculate the values a, b, c.

(4)

(b) A student is selected at random.

(i) Calculate the probability that he studies both economics and history.

(ii) Given that he studies economics, calculate the probability that he does not study
history.
(3)

(c) A group of three students is selected at random from the school.

(i) Calculate the probability that none of these students studies economics.

(ii) Calculate the probability that at least one of these students studies economics.
(5)
(Total 12 marks)

2 1
11. Events E and F are independent, with P(E) = and P(E  F) = . Calculate
3 3

(a) P(F);

(b) P(E  F).

(Total 6 marks)

3 4
12. For events A and B, the probabilities are P (A) = , P (B) = .
11 11

Calculate the value of P (A  B) if

6
(a) P (A  B) = ;
11

(b) events A and B are independent.

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 Working:

Answers:

(a) ..................................................................
(b) ..................................................................

(Total 6 marks)

13. Let A and B be independent events such that P(A) = 0.3 and P(B) = 0.8.

(a) Find P(A  B).

(b) Find P(A  B).

(c) Are A and B mutually exclusive? Justify your answer.

(Total 6 marks)

1 3 7
14. Let A and B be events such that P(A) = , P(B) = and P(A  B) = .
2 4 8

(a) Calculate P(A  B).

(b) Calculate P(AB).

(c) Are the events A and B independent? Give a reason for your answer.

Working:

Answers:

(a) …………………………………………..
(b) …………………………………………..
(c) ……………………………………..........
(Total 6 marks)

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 2 1 7
15. Consider the events A and B, where P(A) = , P(B′) = and P(A  B) = .
5 4 8

(a) Write down P(B).

(b) Find P(A  B).

(c) Find P(A  B).

(Total 6 marks)

16. Let A and B be independent events, where P(A) = 0.6 and P(B) = x.

(a) Write down an expression for P(A ∩ B).

(1)

(b) Given that P(A  B) = 0.8,

(i) find x;

(ii) find P(A ∩ B).

(4)

(c) Hence, explain why A and B are not mutually exclusive.

(1)
(Total 6 marks)

17. Consider the independent events A and B. Given that P(B) = 2P(A), and P(A  B) = 0.52,
find P(B).
(Total 7 marks)

18. The events A and B are independent such that P(B) = 3P(A) and P(AB) = 0.68. Find P(B)
(Total 6 marks)
19. Two restaurants, Center and New, sell fish rolls and salads.

Let F be the event a customer chooses a fish roll.

Let S be the event a customer chooses a salad.
Let N be the event a customer chooses neither a fish roll nor a salad.

In the Center restaurant P(F) = 0.31, P(S) = 0.62, P(N) = 0.14.

(a) Show that P(F  S) = 0.07.

(3)

(b) Given that a customer chooses a salad, find the probability the customer also chooses a
fish roll.
(3)

(c) Are F and S independent events? Justify your answer.

(3)

At New restaurant, P(N) = 0.14. Twice as many customers choose a salad as choose a fish roll.
Choosing a fish roll is independent of choosing a salad.

(d) Find the probability that a fish roll is chosen.

(7)
(Total 16 marks)

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