NATIONAL INSTITUE OF CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT AND

RESEARCH

ACM: C D01 TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF HIGH RISE

AND SPECIAL BUILDINGS
Prof. Sachin Jain

Assignment 2
Mr. Shubham Jadhav

Roll no: AP20491

Post Graduate Programme in Advanced Construction Management

(PGP-ACM, 34th Batch, 2020-22)
Pune Campus
Answer any TWO question from Q1 to Q5 ; Question 6 is COMPULSORY

Q1: What are integral waterproofing? Explain its various types in details.

One of the ways of waterproofing is Integral method. This consists of adding

certain water proofing compounds of materials to concrete mix, so that it
become impermeable.

The compounds which are made from chalk, talc, fuller earth, which may fill
the voids of concrete under the mechanical action principle.

Compounds like alkaline silicates, aluminum sulphates, calcium chlorides etc.

react with concrete to produce waterproof concrete.

Commercially available compounds are publo, permo, sika etc.

The two types of integral waterproofing are as follows:

1. Crystaline waterproofing
2. Hycrete

Crystalline Waterproofing:

• Crystalline Waterproofing is a non-toxic, chemical treatment for the

waterproofing and protection of concrete.
• Crystalline Water proofing's primary and most distinguishing
performance feature is its unique ability to generate a non-soluble
crystalline formation deep within the pores and capillary tracts of the
concrete
• A crystalline structure that permanently seals the concrete against the
penetration of water and other liquids from any direction.
• To create its crystalline waterproofing effect, Crystalline Waterproofing
must become an integral part of the concrete mass.

Hycrete:
Hycrete Admixtures transform concrete from an open network of capillaries
and cracks into an ultra-low absorptivity, waterproof, protective building
material.

Hycrete Waterproofing System consists of Hycrete hydrophobic concrete

delivered through local concrete suppliers, construction support, and a
comprehensive performance warranty.
The key feature of this construction approach is the elimination of the entire
external waterproofing process. The benefits are extensive:

• Simplified design
• Reduced material demands
• Increased site mobility
• Safer conditions
• Project acceleration

Hycrete concrete provides a high value, sustainable approach to waterproofing

and corrosion protection through an evolution in performance concrete
construction.

Q2: What are self-righting building method of earth quake resistance?

Explain supplemental damping devices and types of dampers in detail.

Self righting building construction is a method of earthquake resistance

construction.

It's a new system is currently under development in Japan, claiming to hold a

multi story building together during a magnitude 7 earthquake, and maybe
even higher.

This new earthquake proofing is supposedly so efficient, that when the quake
is over the building will return to standing up straight on its foundation.
The only damage occurring during the shaking will be confined to replaceable
parts in the mechanism.

Shake table tests of this new system have proven welcoming results, as it will
enable inhabitants to return to their homes a lot sooner than in other buildings
after an earthquake, as the structure incorporated into the building takes on
the damage, instead of the building.

The way this system works is by installing steel braced frames around the
exterior of the building, or in its core.

The energy from the swaying of the building will be dissipated in the steel
structure.
To get the building to stand upright on its foundation after the shaking stops,
steel tendons which are located in the centre of the braced frames, run from
top to bottom, which become elastic during the movement of the building, go
back to their original size.

Installed in the bottom of the frames, where the bottom end of the cable
meets the foundation, are the fuses.

The task of these fuses are to prevent the rest of the building from sustaining
damage.

Their main design is to absorb the energy of the swaying, sustain damage, then
be replaced.
Supplemental Damping Devices:

There are a number of supplemental damping devices which can absorb

energy and add damping to buildings, in order to reduce seismic response.

These devices can be can be combined with base isolation, or placed

elsewhere up the height of the building, often in diagonal braces, or they can
be used as part of damage-resistant designs.

Supplemental damping devices are especially suitable for tall buildings which
cannot be effectively base-isolated.

Being very flexible compared to low-rise buildings, their horizontal

displacement needs to be controlled.

This can be achieved by the use of damping devices, which absorb a good part
of the energy making the displacement tolerable.
The two types of dampers are:

1. Fluid dampers
2. Comb-teeth
damper Fluid Dampers:

It consists of a stainless steel piston with bronze orifice head. It is filled with
silicone oil.

The piston head utilises specially shaped passages which alter the flow of the
damper fluid and thus alter the resistance characteristics of the damper.

Fluid dampers may be designed to behave as a pure energy dissipater or a

spring or as a combination of the two.

Shock-absorbers in cars are a type of fluid damper.

Comb-teeth dampers:

Comb teeth damper is a newly introduced yielding damper, which dissipates

energy through in-plane flexural yielding of its teeth.

The following figure shows a comb teeth damper installed in a Chevron

bracing.

The teeth or the links do not connect to each other at one end of the damper
therefore each link controls their own axial and lateral deformations.
They dissipate energy through flexural yielding.

Q6: Answer following

• Weight of drop hammer in case of pile driving will be 230 to 1800 kg.
• In manufacturing home, each section will 8 ft x 40 ft long during
transport.
• During float glass manufacturing melting will be at 1550 oC.
• Bearing wall system will be suitable for up to 15 to 30 story height
buildings.
• In case of wooden pile, brooming of pile head is prevented by providing
an iron ring of less than 25mm in diameter than the pile head at the
pile top.