BY

Capt . M M T
 B/L ( Bill of Lading)
•☺ is a document issued
by carrier for goods either
received into his custody
or shipped on board
his vessel.
• Functions
• (1) is a receipt for goods specified therein;
• (issue by carrier once goods have been received
into his custody or shipped on board )

• (2) is a document of title;

• ( is a transferable and negotiable document
.Someone who hold B/L is deemed owner of goods)

• (3) is evidence of a contract;

• -contains carrier's terms, conditions and exceptions.
• -signed only by carrier or his agent;
• - Although not signed by both parties, it shall be contract
between carrier and cargo owners.
•Contents
•reference number
•name and address of shipper or his agent
•name and address of consignee, or 'to order of'
•name and address of any 'notify' party
•ports of loading and discharge
•name of carrying vessel
•any leading marks
•number of packages or pieces
 Contents

•description of goods
•gross weight or measurement
•order and condition of goods
•place where freight is payable
•number of original Bs/L
•date of shipment
•place of issue
•signature of master or carrier's agent
•conditions of carriage
• Shipped B/L (On Board B/L)
•  B/L issued by carrier after goods are loaded on ship.
• ☺Order B/L
•  B/L where consignee is not named and has word ' to
order';
• ☺Combined Transport B/L
•  B/L issued by Combined Transport Operator when goods
are carried from door to door by various
• transport modes;
•  issuer takes responsibility for entire movement.
• ☺Received for shipment B/L (Custody B/L)
•  B/L issued to shipper when carrier receives goods in his
custody usually at a ware house
• Foul B/L ( Dirty, unclean, claused )
•  B/L which is claused with remarks.
• { In accordance with resolution by International
• Chamber of Shipping( ICS), B/L should not be considered ,
it contains:
• (i) Clauses which do not expressly state that goods or
packaging are unsatisfactory;
• (ii) Clauses which emphasize carrier's non-liability for
risks arising through nature of goods or packaging;
• (iii) Clauses which disclaim on part of carrier
knowledge of contents, weight, measurement,
quality or technical specification of goods. }
•
• ☺ Clean B/L
•  B/L which bears no superimposed clauses expressly
declaring a defective condition of goods or packaging.
•WAYBILL (or) SEA WAYBILL

• is a non-negotiable document.
• is not a document of title.
• provides receipt for goods by carrier and evidence of
contract of carriage
• may travel with goods on ship and does not have to
arrive ahead of goods for receiver to claim
•WAYBILL (or) SEA WAYBILL
• often used where there is thrust between buyer and
seller.
• preferred to in trades where B/L often left behind cargo
and where there is no contractual requirement for B/L.
• also use when there are no payment requirements for
goods such as mails, personal effects, samples,
documents, etc.
• consignee or his agent must produce proof of identity or
authority to take delivery of goods.
Safe, secure & efficient shipping
on cleaner oceans. . .