METRO MANILA COLLEGE

U-Site Brgy. Kaligayahan, Novaliches, Quezon City

BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
Senior High School (Grade 11)
General Biology 1
st
1 SEMESTER S.Y. 2020 - 2021

Learning Competencies:

The learners should be able to:

❖ Explain plant tissue;

❖ Describe and identify different cell types of plant tissues and specify the function of
each; and

❖ Internalize the importance of plants in our daily living.

Introduction

In this module, we will focus on the structural and functional organizations of the
plants. Moreover, we will also be focusing on how these different structures inside the
plants work together to perform their specific functions because plants play essential role
in the living world.

Lesson 3: Plant Tissues

Let’s start this lesson with this activity!

I. Spark your INTEREST!
Create a word/s using the photos below and answer the question. Write your answer on
the space provided below.

Figure 1. Image of Common House Plant Figure2. Image of Tissue Paper

1. What is/are the word/s that comes up to your mind when you observe the photos
and what can you say about it?

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 Plant tissues are collection of similar cells that works together to perform their
function for the plants. Plant tissues have different and specialized types for specific
function/role and those different specialized type of plant tissues can be combined to one
another to produce different organs like stem, roots, leaves, flowers etc.
Types of Plant Tissues
A. Meristematic Tissues
❖ They are very unique and different from the other type of plant tissues simply
because they are the places where the main growth of the plant take place.
❖ They are located in regions of active cell division and are made of immature cells
such as apical meristem, intercalary meristem, and lateral meristem.

Figure 3. Illustration of Meristematic Tissues in Plants

3 Types of Meristematic Tissue:

1. Apical Meristem - It is located at the growing tips of stem and roots of the plants in
which its main function is for increasing the length of the plant
up and down.

2. Intercalary meristem – It is found at the base of the leaves wherein its main
function is for the rapid growth and regrowth of many
monocotyledonous plants.
3. Lateral Meristem – It is located at the lateral side of the stem and roots and it has
two types: the cork cambium (responsible for replacing
the outside layer of the plants) and vascular cambium
(responsible for transporting water and minerals inside the
plants)

B. Permanent Tissues

❖ They are tissues that contain non-dividing cells meaning they are more mature, and
differentiated cell that are further subdivided.

Types of Permanent Tissues:

❖ Dermal/Surface Tissue – It is found on the surface of the plants in which its main
function is to serve as the protective covering and it is further subdivided into two:
epidermis ( the main surface tissue of leaves, roots and stems) and periderm (that
constitutes the outer layer/bark of trees/or becomes box-like structures called the
cork cells).

❖ Ground/Fundamental Tissue - It fills the part of either surface or vascular tissue

of the plants and is classified into three types: parenchyma, collenchyma, and
sclerenchyma.

Parenchyma Collenchyma Sclerenchyma

✓ cell tissues are living ✓ cell tissues are living ✓ cell tissues are dead
✓ it varies in shape, ✓ it has an elongated ✓ the cell wall is very
maybe oval or round shape and its cell wall thick because of the
✓ have a large central are much thicker presence of lignin (an
vacuole and its compare to organic polymer found
cytoplasm is dense parenchyma in the cell walls of
✓ located in plants cortex ✓ since it is thicker, it plants to make them
and pith only has a little rigid and woody)
intracellular space. ✓ cell tissues vary in size
✓ located in leaf stalks and shapes
just below the ✓ located in hard
epidermis coverings of the seed,
in leaf veins, and as
well as in the
surrounding area of
vascular bundle
 Functions
✓ act as packing tissue ✓ also provides ✓ provides rigidity as well
✓ also provides mechanical support to as mechanical support
mechanical support to the plants to the plant’s body
the plants ✓ it mainly provide that’s why it makes the
✓ serve as a storage of flexibility in plants plant becomes hard
food and stiff

Figure 4. Illustrations of Three Basic Types of Plant Tissue

❖ Vascular Tissue - These are the conducting tissues simply because the water, food
and mineral moves from the different parts of the plants and it is classified into two
namely xylem and phloem.

a. Xylem – This is the main constituent of tracheids and vessels through which
its main function is for the conduction of minerals and water starting from
the roots to leaves and up to the stem. As you can see, the movement of
transporting minerals and water is in an upward direction. Also, its function
is to provides support to the plant.

b. Phloem – It is said to be the principal conducting tissue of the plants, why?

Because it helps in the translocation of food that was produced during
photosynthesis in the leaves up to the different parts of the plants. It’s main
constituent are companion cells, phloem fibres, phloem parenchyma and
sieve tubes.

Figure 5. Illustration of Xylem and Phloem Vessel

 Figure 6. Tissue System

Did you know?

That you can easily determine the Age of the tree by counting its
annual rings

✓ Counting tree rings is possible because many trees grow new

tissue or rings each year.

✓ Light colored and wider ring tissue grows in spring and early
summer while dark narrower tissue/colored ring grows in the late
summer and falls because of fewer sunlight and nutrients.

Figure 7. Illustration of Tree Rings

 ACTIVITY 1

Watch Me Learn!

Directions: Create a concept map about the plant tissues. Write your answer on the box
provided below.

ACTIVITY2

Modified True or False: Write True if the statement is correct and False if the
statement is incorrect. If your answer is false, underline the word/s that makes it incorrect
then change it. (2 points each)

1. Epidermal tissue is the place where the main growth of the plant takes place.

2. Permanent tissues are those tissues that contain non-dividing cells making them
become more immature and undifferentiated cell.

3. Xylem transports water and mineral from roots-stem and up to the leaves.
4. Intercalary meristem is responsible for the increasing length of the plant.

5. Dermal tissues are classified into three types namely parenchyma, collenchyma and
sclerenchyma.

6. Xylem is the principal conducting tissue of the plant because it helps in translocating
the food produces during photosynthesis.

7. The main surface tissue of leaves, roots and stems is called epidermis.

8. Periderm is an organic polymer found in the cell walls of plants to make them rigid
and woody.

9. Vascular tissue is called conducting tissue because it transport water, food and
mineral from different parts of the plants.

10. The cell tissues of scelerenchyma is non-living or dead cells.

ACTIVITY 3

Directions: Write about what you have learned on our topic about plant tissues on the
space provided below. Be as specific as possible.

I’ve learned important things about plant tissues. First, I’ll start with…

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Next, something else I learned was…

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Lastly, I now really understand…

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Book References:

Cabrido, A. PhD.(2016)Biology 1(For Senior High School).Books Atbp. Publishing

Corp.Mandaluyong, City

Dequillo,M, Chua, J., and Rea, Maria Angelika(2017)General Biology 1.Rex Bookstore,
Inc: Sampaloc, Manila

Evers, Starr.et.al(2016)Biology Today and Tomorrow with Physiology.ESP Printers:

Taguig, City

Felicerta, C., & Baguio, S. (2016). Breaking through earth science for senior high
school. C&E Publishing. Quezon City, Philippines.

Marquez, A. & Gabo, A. (2015). Essentials of earth science. St. Bernadette Publishing
House Corporation. Quezon City, Philippines.

Reyes J., and Reyes, Marco A.(2018)General Biology 1 Our Scientific Guide to
Life.Unlimited Books Library Services and Publishing Inc: Intramuros, Manila

Photo credits:

• Plants Png Transparent Images-Tropical Plant Transparent Background

[photograph]. Retrieved from https:
seekpng.com/ipng/u2w7y3w7a9w7i1i1_plants-png-transparent-images-tropical-
plant-transparent-background/ (Fig.1)
• Tissue paper [photograph]. Retrieved from https://depositphotos.com/stock-
photos/tissue-paper.html?qview=7688588 (Fig.2)
• Vector Mine(Photographer). Meristematic tissue vector illustration. Labeled
educational plant structure scheme.Biological description wit apical,
inercalary,lateral and apical meristem parts. Shoot, node,root and stem
info .[photograph]. Retrieved from https://www.shutterstock.com/image-
vector/meristematic-tissue-vector-illustration-labeled-educational-1748663747
(Fig.3)

• The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica (Photographer). Parenchyma Description

& Function [photograph]. Retrieved from
https://ww.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fcdn.britannica.com%2
F44%2F62944-004-A415FBC%2Ftissue-types-ground-plants-Parenchyma-cells-
 function.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fparenchyma-
plant-tissue&tbnid=dAnjw-IAV-
cjLM&vet=1&docid=sRN4kuSkkzq_HM&W=555&H=325&q=types%20of%20plan
t%20tissue&hl=3n-US&sources=sh%2Fx%2Fim (Fig.4)
• BioNinja (Photographer). Xylem versus Phloem [photograph]. Retrieved from
https://images.app.goo.gl/Z7WahZFEZocFyiZa8 (Fig.5)
• Tissue System: Dermal, Vascular, Ground with Videos and Example
[photograph]. Retrieved from https://www.toppr.com/guides/biology/anatomy-
of-flowering-plants/tissue-systems/ (Fig.6)
• Conrad, J. (Photographer). (2017, January 2017). Tree rings provide snapshots
of Earth’s past climate. Retrieved from https://climate.nasa.gov/news.2540/tree-
rings-provide-snapshots-of-earths-past-climate/ (Fig.7)

Supplementary reading:

Permanent Tissue. Retrieved from

https://www.toppr.com/guides/biology/tissues/permanent-tissue

Cover page design:

Croveen Lam (Photographer). Plant Border Cartoon Transparent [photograph].

Retrieved from https://images.app.goo.gl/Gn8DAtcN2o1y9wtG9