MATHEMATICAL EXPRESSIONS VS MATHEMATICAL SENTENCES (EQUATIONS)

In mathematics, the expression is defined as a phrase that groups together numbers (constant),
letters (variables) or their combination joined by operators (+, -, *, /), to represent the value of
something. An expression can be arithmetic, algebraic, polynomial and analytical.

Examples: 9x + 2
x–9
3p + 5
4m + 10
In mathematics, the term equation means a statement of equality. It is a sentence in which two
expressions are placed equal to one another. In order to satisfy an equation, it is important to
determine the value of the variable concerned; this is known as solution or root of the equation.

An equation can be conditional or an identity. If the equation is conditional, then the equality of two
expressions is true for a definite value of variable involved. However, if the equation is an identity,
then the equality is true for all the values held by the variable. There are four types of equation,
discussed below:

Simple or Linear Equation: An equation is said to be linear is the highest power of the variable
concerned in 1.
Example: 3x + 13 = 8x – 2
Simultaneous Linear Equation: When there are two or more linear equations containing two or
more variables.
Example: 3x + 2y = 5, 5x + 3y = 7
Quadratic Equation: When in an equation, the highest power is 2, it is called as the quadratic
equation.
Example: 2x2 + 7x + 13 = 0
Cubic Equation: As the name suggests, a cubic equation is one which degree 3.
Example: 9x3 + 2x2 + 4x -3 = 13

Please put a check if what is shown below is either mathematical expression or sentences

Expression Sentences
1. 2
X + 3x + 5 = 0 ✓
2. X-3 ✓
3. ⅕ (x3 + x2 – x + 1) ✓
4. (x + 3)/( x2 +2x -1) ✓
5. A = { 0,2,4,6,8, …} ✓

In a class there are 20 students. They are wearing jerseys of 3 different colours – blue, green, and
red.
The class was lined up in a way that the pattern of jerseys was: blue, blue, green, green, red, blue,
blue, green, green, red...

What color jersey is the last child wearing? RED. How many students are wearing a red jersey? 4
Mrs Parore is hanging out her towels to dry. She puts two pegs on each towel. How many pegs does
she need to hold 4 towels? 8 How about for 12 towels? 24

Mrs Parore sees that her peg box is running low. She puts one peg on the corner of two towels. This
way she only needs 3 pegs for 2 towels. How many pegs does she need for 4 towels now? 5 How
about for 12 towels? 14

Miriama is making a square window using 16 smaller 2-colored square panes.

What is the biggest number of colored panes that Miriama can put in the window so that no
three of them are in a line? 8

Tia and Tom are twins. Tia saves and Tom spends.
Tom finds a $20 note on Sunday evening and spends $2 a day starting on Monday.
Coincidentally, Tia starts work on Monday and gets $2.50 a day.

How long will it be before Tia has more money than Tom? 5days