BICOL UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY

Nat Sci 3 General Chemistry

Mole Concept
Hannah Angelie H. Olivarez, RCh
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

FORMULA and
01 Molecular Mass
(Weight) 02 Moles
Definition and
determination
Definition and calculation

03 Molar Mass
Definition and
application
04 Conversions
Calculations involving
moles to mass
conversions
INTRODUCTION
When a new chemical
compound, such as a potential
new pharmaceutical, is
synthesized in the laboratory or
isolated from a natural source,
chemists determine its
elemental composition, its
empirical formula, and its
structure to understand its
properties.
 01
FORMULA and
Molecular Mass
(Weight)
 FORMULA and
Molecular Mass (Weight)

Formula Mass (Weight) Molecular Mass (Weight)

-the sum of the atomic -if the formula represents a
weights of each atom molecule (as with atoms
in its chemical formula that are chemically bonded
together)

Unit: amu (atomic mass unit)

FORMULA and Molecular Mass (Weight)
For example, water (H2O) has a formula
weight of:
2 × (1.0079 amu) + 1 × (15.9994 amu) =
18.01528 amu

If a substance exists as discrete molecules then the

chemical formula is the molecular formula, and the formula
weight is the molecular weight. For example, the formula
weight and the molecular weight of glucose (C6H12O6) is:

6 × (12 amu) + 12 × (1.00794 amu) + 6 × (15.9994 amu ) =

180.0 amu
 Ionic substances are not chemically
bonded and do not exist as discrete
molecules. However, they do
associate in discrete ratios of ions.
Thus, we can describe their formula
weights, but not their molecular
weights. Table salt (NaCl), for
example, has a formula weight of:

23.0 amu + 35.5 amu =

58.5amu
 Give it some thought...
Calculate:

(a) Formula mass (b) Molecular mass

of NO2 of [(NH4)2SO4]
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) an Ammonium sulfate [(NH4)2SO4] a
amber colored gas that is a fertilizer commonly used by
constituent of smog. home gardeners.

46.01 amu 132.14 amu

02 Moles
 Moles (mol)
-a measure of the amount of particles in
matter.

-always represented by Avogadro’s number

6.02 x 1023

-1 molar mass of any substance contains one

mole of particles (ions, molecules, atoms,
formula units)
 Moles (mol)

Mole = mass/Molar mass

Mole = no. of particles/Avogadro’s
number
Example:
1 mol of Aluminum = 6.02 x 1023
03 Molar Mass
 Molar Mass
The molar mass of a substance is the
mass of one mole of that substance. It is
numerically equal to the atomic mass or
formula mass, but is expressed in the
unit grams per mole (g/mol).

Examples:
1 mol Na = 23.0 g Na
1 mol CO2 = 44.0 g CO2
1 mol (NH4)2SO4 = 132.1g (NH4)2SO4
04Conversions
 Mole-to-Mass Conversion
How many grams of N2 are in 0.400 moles N2?
Solution:

The molecular mass of N2 is 2 x 14.0 amu = 28.0 amu.

The molar mass of N2 is therefore, 28.0 g/mol.

Using the molar mass as a conversion factor:

 Give it some thought...
Calculate the mass in grams of the following:

0.0728 mol Silicon

2.04 g Silicon

55.5 mol H2O 0.0728 mol Ca(H2PO4)2

1000 g H2O 17.04 g Ca(H2PO4)2
 No. of Atoms-to-Moles Conversion

Example:
How many moles are 2.80 x 1024 atoms of silicon?

Solution:
Give it some thought...
Find the number of moles in:

24
5.12 x 10 atoms
of Mercury (Hg)
8.50 mol Mercury (Hg)
 No. of Moles-to-Atoms Conversion
Example:
How many atoms are 0.360 moles of Aluminum?

Solution:

No. of atoms = mole x Avogadro’s number

= 0.360 mol (6.02 x 1023 atoms/mol)

= 2.17 x 1023 atoms Al

 Moles-to-No. of Molecules
Conversion
Example:
How many molecules are 5.0 moles of table sugar?

Solution:

No. of molecules = mole x Avogadro’s number

= 5.0 mol (6.02 x 1023 atoms/mol)

= 3.01 x 1024 molecules sugar

 No. of Molecules-to-Moles
Conversion
Example:
How many moles are there in 4.65 x 1024
molecules of CO2?
Solution:

mol CO2 = mole / Avogadro’s number

= 4.65 x 1024 molecules/6.02 x 1023 molecules/mol

= 7.72 mol CO2

 Molecules-to-Moles Conversion
Example:
How many moles are there in 4.65 x 1024
molecules of CO2?
Solution:

mol CO2 = mole / Avogadro’s number

= 4.65 x 1024 molecules/6.02 x 1023 molecules/mol

= 7.72 mol CO2

 Moles-to-Mass Conversion
Example:
How many grams are in 2.5 moles of
Calcium sulfide?
Solution: Calculate the formula mass of compound.
● First step:
Ca = 1 x 40 g = 40 g
S = 1 x 32 g = 32 g
CaS = 72g/mol
● Second step:
2.5 mol CaS (72 g CaS/1 mole CaS)
= 180 g CaS
 Give it some thought...
Calculate the mass of 0.0122 mol of each
compound:
● Si3N4 (silicon nitride), used as bearings
and rollers
● (CH3)3N (trimethylamine), a corrosion
inhibitor

Answers:
● 1.71 g Si3N4
● 0.721 g (CH3)3N
THANKS!
Do you have any questions?
haholivarez@bicol-u.edu.ph
+915 404 5310
Hannah Olivarez

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