Today’s topic:

Grinding Wheel

SREERAJ A S, ST.MARY'S POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE

 Characteristics of Grinding Wheel
• Grit : It refers to the size of abrasive grains.
• They are graded for size by passing them through a range of sieves each of which has a
definite size of mesh.
• The grains are numbered according to the smallest mesh through which they have
passed.
• This number provides an idea of grain size of abrasives. This number is decided on the
basis of number of holes in one inch linear length of the sieve used to filter the abrasive
particles.
• Larger number indicates finer grain sizes.

SREERAJ A S, ST.MARY'S POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE

Characteristics of Grinding Wheel

SREERAJ A S, ST.MARY'S POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE

 Characteristics of Grinding Wheel
• The size of abrasive grains required depends on following factors:
- Type of finishing required
- Material being machined
- Amount of material to be removed
- Area of contact between wheel and workpiece

SREERAJ A S, ST.MARY'S POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE

 Characteristics of Grinding Wheel
• Grade : It indicates the degree of hardness of the wheel, and the hardness varies
according to the tenacity with which the bond holds the abrasive grains together.
• A wheel from which grains are released rapidly during grinding operation is called soft
grade.
• A wheel that retains grains more securely is called hard grade.

SREERAJ A S, ST.MARY'S POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE

 Characteristics of Grinding Wheel
• Grade of grinding wheel depends on following factors:
- Hardness of work material
- Area of contact
- Condition of machine
- Wheel and work speed

SREERAJ A S, ST.MARY'S POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE

 Characteristics of Grinding Wheel
• Structure : It indicates the abrasive grain spacing in the grinding wheel.
• A wheel may have open (porous) or a dense (close) structure. A grinding wheel with an
open structure has more voids than that of dense structure.
• It depends on the hardness of work material, finish required and type of grinding
operation.
• Open structure wheels are used on soft, tough and ductile materials with heavy cuts.
• Dense structure wheels are used on hard and brittle materials with finishing cuts.
• Denoted by numbers ranging from 0 to 15; lower number indicates denser structure.

SREERAJ A S, ST.MARY'S POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE

 Marking System for Grinding Wheel
• All wheels should be marked according to the Indian Standard system, which provides a
method of specifying the exact characteristics of a particular wheel. The marking is
arranged in the following sequence:
Symbol for Manufacturer’s Abrasive Type (Prefixed)
Name of Abrasive
Grain Size
Grade
Structure Type
Bond Type
Manufacturer Symbol for Record (Suffix)
SREERAJ A S, ST.MARY'S POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE
Marking System for Grinding Wheel

SREERAJ A S, ST.MARY'S POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE

 Manufacture of Grinding Wheels
• Abrasive grains are reduced to size by rolling, milling or crushing and screened to
separate the fine grains. Impurities are eliminated by passing grains through magnetic
separators or by washing.
• The pure abrasive grains are mixed with a suitable bonding material and molded to
desired shape and baked in a furnace in a manner suitable for the bonding material
used.
• The baked wheels are cooled, cleaned and inspected.

SREERAJ A S, ST.MARY'S POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE

 Wheel Shapes and Sizes
• Grinding wheels are made in many different shapes and sizes to adapt them for use in
different types of grinding machines and on different classes of work.

SREERAJ A S, ST.MARY'S POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE