LESSON 1.

3 TYPES AND PROPERTIES OF SOLIDS - In every part of the lattice, there is a unit cell (just a
portion of the lattice).

- Solid can be classified as crystalline or amorphous - Unit cell is the basic unit of a crystal lattice.
based on the arrangement of their particles

o Crystalline solids have a highly regular

arrangement of particles.

o Amorphous solids have considerable disorder in

their structure.

Amorphous Solids
- Such as glass, which are formed rather rapidly that
constituent particles do not have time to align or
organize into a more definite lattice.
Type of Crystalline Solids
- No arrangement of molecules; distorted Atomic Solids
- Substances that have atoms at the lattice point.

- Single atom.

- Pure.

✔ C, B, Si and all metals

Crystalline Solids
- Has a well- defined crystal lattice. No molecular and ionic bond

- Organized and proper arrangement of molecules. Only a simple atom in a simple structure

No polarity
✔ Ruby

Three Types of Atomic Solids

Lattice
Metallic Solid
- A 3-dimensional system of points designated the
position of the components (atom, ions, or molecules) - Delocalized non-directional covalent bonding.
that make up a crystal.
- Mostly filled with metallic solids or all metal.

Unit Cell
Network Solid
- Smallest repeating pattern of the lattice extends in all
directions for the structure. - Atoms bond with strong directional covalent bonds
that lead to giant molecule.
- On top of one another and becomes larger.

Group 8 Solids
- Noble gas elements are attracted by London
dispersion force. In every molecule, there is a two designated bonding

There is a hydrogen bond

Molecule by molecule

Ionic Solids
- Have ions at the points of the lattice.

- A polar bond.

- Has polarity.

✔ NaCl

Has polarity

Red dot = polarity of Sodium

Molecular Solids
- Have discrete covalently bonded molecules at lattice
points.

- Occurs in the molecules.

- Solid but molecular bonding.

✔ Water

✔ Carbon Dioxide

✔ Ice