COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT & DIAGNOSIS

Nursing assessment achieve higher level of state on

health promotion & maintenance
 st
1 major phase of nursing process
 Set of actions which nurse determines status of Health deficit
family as client, its ability to maintain as sys. &
functioning unit, wellness, prevent, control /  Instances of failure in health maintenance
resolve problems to achieve health & well-being
among members Health threats
 Data collection
 Conditions that are conducive to disease &
 Data analysis / interpretation
accident / may result to failure to maintain
 Problem definition / nursing diagnosis wellness / realize health potential
Nursing diagnosis Foreseeable crisis (presence of stress points)
 Identification of client’s needs & problems  Anticipated periods of unusual demand on
based on analysis of data gathered individual / family in terms of adjustment / family
resources
2 MAJOR TYPES OF NURSING ASSESSMENT IN
FAMILY NURSING PRACTICE SECOND LEVEL ASSESSMENT DATA
First level assessment
Specifies nursing problems that family encounters in
 Define health conditions of family performing health tasks w/ respect to given health
 Category: condition, & causes, barriers / etiology of family’s
o Wellness state inability to perform health risk
o Health deficit
 Inability to recognize presence of condition due
o Health threats
to;
o Foreseeable crisis
 Inability to make decisions w/ respect to taking
appropriate health action due to;
Second level assessment
 Inability to provide adequate nursing care to
 Define family nursing diagnosis / problem sick, disabled, dependent / vulnerable / at-risk
 Ex. Family’s inability to perform health tasks on member of family due to;
each health condition  Inability to provide home environment
conducive to health maintenance & personal
Data collection for 1st level assessment involve development due to;
gathering types of data which generate categories of  Failure to utilize community resources for
health conditions health care due to;

ASSESSMENT DATA
1)Family structure, characteristics & dynamics

2)Socio-economic & cultural characteristics

3)Home & environment

4)Health status of each member

5)Values & practices on health promotion /

maintenance & disease prevention
DATA GATHERING METHOD
FIRST LEVEL ASSESSMENT

Wellness state How will data be collected?

 Stated as potential / readiness problem What method & tools to use?

 Nursing judgement on wellness state based on
client’s performance, current competencies / Is it valid? Reliable? Adequate?
clinical data but no explicit expression of
patient’s desire  Observation
 Readiness  Physical examination
o Nursing judgement on wellness state  Interview
based on client’s performance,  Record review
current competencies / clinical data &  Laboratory / diagnostic tests
explicit expression of desire to
DATA ANALYSIS

Gen. = general info. = information grps. = groups

CD = community diagnosis HC = health care
 How will data be processed & presented?  Interpreting health data

 Summarize STEPS IN CONDUCTING COMMUNITY DIAGNOSIS

 Quantify
1) Determine objectives
 Do data analysis – sorts out, classify / grps. a. What is present health condition of
Data by type / nature people in community?
 Compare data & patterns w/ norms / standards b. Why are people in community in such
condition?
LIST PRIORITY: HEALTH AND NURSING PROBLEMS
c. What are roots of problem?
d. What so. Will address problem?
What to do after the end of assessment phase?
2) Define study pop.
a. identify pop. To be included in study
 If focus is on individual based on objectives of CD
o Formulate nursing diagnosis 3) Determine data to be collected
 If focus about community a. Figure out scheme to rationalize
o Formulate community diagnosis relevant data to be obtained
b. Develop data collection plan
TYPOLOGY OF NURSING PROBLEMS IN FAMILY 4) Collect data
HEALTHCARE a. Observation
b. Records review
What do we use to define family nursing problems? c. Interviews
d. Focus grp. discussion
1) Presence of health threats – presence of risk
5) Develop instrument
factors of specific diseases
a. Survey questionnaire
2) Inability to utilize community resources for
b. Focus grp. Discussion guide
health care due to inadequate family resources
c. Key informant interview guide
(financial & time)
d. Observation checklist
ROLE OF NURSE 6) Actual data gathering
a. Nurse meets team of people who will
 Determine health status be involved in data collection
 Collect data about community b. Data collectors be given orientation &
 Analyze & seek explanation for occurrence of training on how they are going to use
health needs & problems of community instruments in data gathering
7) Data collation
 Community health nursing diagnosis are
a. Put together facts & figures to
derived
generate info. About health status of
TYPES OF COMMUNITY DIAGNOSIS community
b. 2 types of data generated:
Comprehensive community diagnosis i. Numerical
ii. Descriptive data
 Obtain gen. info. About community 8) Data presentation
a. Descriptive data
Problem oriented community diagnosis i. Presented in narrative
reports
 Type of assessment that responds to particular ii. Ex. Geographic data,
need (Spradley) history of place / beliefs
regarding illness & health
COMPREHENSIVE COMMUNITY DIAGNOSIS b. Numerical data
i. Presented into tables &
1) Demographic variables graphs
2) Socio-economic & cultural variables ii. Choice of graphs depend
a. Social indicators on type of data being
b. Economic indicators presented
c. Environmental
d. Cultural
3) Health & illness pattern
4) Health resources
a. Manpower
b. Material
5) Political / leadership

PROCESSES OF COMMUNITY DIAGNOSIS

 Collecting
 Organizing
 Synthesizing
 Analyzing

Gen. = general info. = information grps. = groups

CD = community diagnosis HC = health care
 10) Identifying community health nursing problems
a. Health status problems
i.  /  morbidity, mortality,
fertility / reduced capability
of wellness
b. Health resource problems
i. Lack / absence of
manpower, money,
materials / institutions to
solve health problems
c. Health related problems
i. Existence of social,
economic, environmental &
political factors that
aggravate illness-inducing
situation in community
11) Priority-setting
a. Nature of condition presented (health
9) Data analysis status, health resources, health
a. Establish trends & patterns in terms related problems)
of health needs & problems of b. Magnitude of problem
community c. Modifiability of problem
b. Allow comparison of obtained data d. Preventing potential
c. Allow nurse to view its significance & e. Social concern – perception of
implications on health status of community affected by problem
community

TYPES OF FAMILY NURSE CONTRACT

Clinic visit Home visit

 Take place in private clinic, health center, brgy.
Health station / ambulatory clinic during
community outreach act.
 Family member takes initiative of visiting
professional health worker, indicating family’s
readiness to participate in HC process
 Allow nurse to maximize resources (time, HC
providers to whom client can be referred,
supplies, equipment)
 Professional, purposeful interaction that takes
place in family’s residence aimed 2 promoting,
maintaining, / restoring health of family / its
members
 Nurse makes home visit upon family’s request
as result of case finding, in response to referral,
/ follow-up clients who have utilized services of
health facility

Group-conference

 Provide opportunity for initial contact bet. Nurse

& target families of community
 Appropriate for developing cooperation,
leadership, self-reliance, & community
awareness among grp. Members

Telephone (landline / mobile)

 Provide easy access bet. Nurse/health worker

& family
 Provide nurse & family w/ opportunities to
contact each other through calls/text
 Encouraging family to communicate w/ clinic /
health center when they feel need for it
cultivates family’s confidence in health agency

Written communication

 Give specific info. To families (instructions

given to parents through school children)
 Being 1-way method & requiring literacy &
interest, nurse cannot be certain that info. Will
reach intended recipient

Gen. = general info. = information grps. = groups

CD = community diagnosis HC = health care