HUBBLE SPACE

TELESCOPE
A NASA Milestone
Space Telescope
A space telescope is a telescope located in
outer space to observe distant planets,
galaxies and other astronomical objects.

Advantage - avoids the filtering of UV

frequencies, X-rays and Gamma rays;
distortion of electromagnetic radiation.
Disadvantage - expensive to build, difficult to
maintain.

Getting to know
the Hubble
Named after American
astronomer Edwin P. Hubble
(1889-1953)
Provided the foundation for the
Big-Bang Theory.
Hubble Space Telescope was
launched on April 24, 1990
 Mission:
Launched - April 24, 1990 from Space Shuttle
Discovery
Deployment - April 25, 1990
First Image - May 20, 1990

Size Specifications:

HUBBLE Length - 43.5 feet (13.2 m)

Diameter - 14 feet (4.2 m)
Weight (at launch) - 24,000 pounds (10,886 kg)

FACTS Spaceflight Statistics:

Low Earth Orbit - altitude of 340 miles
Time to Complete One Orbit - about 95 minutes
Speed - about 17,000 mph (27,300 kph)

Other:
Generates 10TB of new data every year
Uses Newton's third law to move
 Working
Principle of
Hubble
Space
Telescope
DESIGN OF HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE
There are 12 main parts in the telescope....
 PRIMARY MIRROR
Diameter is 2.4 meter

Made of special glass coated with

aluminum and a compound that reflects

ultraviolet light.

Collects light from the telescope's target

and reflects it to the secondary mirror.

SECONDARY MIRROR
Diameter is 0.33 meter

Made of special glass coated with

aluminum and a compound to reflects

ultraviolet light.

Reflects light back through a hole in the

primary mirror and into the instruments.

 APERTURE DOOR
Hubble’s aperture door can close, if

necessary, to prevent light from the Sun

from entering the telescope

COMMUNICATION
ANTENNAS
Data stored in Hubble’s solid-state

recorder is converted to radio waves

Then beamed through one of the

spacecraft’s high-gain antennas to a

NASA communications satellite, which

relays it to the ground.

 SOLAR PANELS
To operate in space, the HST needs a

power supply

Two 25-foot-long solar panels, each

containing 48,760 individual photo cells

.The two panels are capable of

generating 2,800 W.

The power is also used to charge six

nickel-hydrogen batteries that provide

power to the spacecraft for about 25

minutes per orbit while Hubble flies

through the earth's shadow.

 SUPPORT SYSTEMS
Essential support systems like computers,

batteries, gyroscopes, reaction wheels, and

electronics are contained in these areas.

WIDE FIELD
CAMERA 3 (WFC3)
WFC3 sees 3 different kinds of light: near-

ultraviolet, visible and near-infrared, though not

simultaneously.

Its resolution and field of view are much better

than Hubble's other instruments.

It will be used to study dark energy and dark

matter, the formation of individual stars and the

discovery of extremely remote galaxies

 ACS
The Advanced Camera for Surveys is

designed primarily for wide-field

imagery in the visible wavelengths

It also sees in ultraviolet and near

infrared.

NICMOS
The Near Infrared Camera and Multi-

Object Spectrometer is an instrument for

near-infrared imaging and spectroscopic

observations of many types of

astronomical targets.
 COSMIC ORIGINS
SPECTROGRAPH (COS)
Astronauts installed the Cosmic Origins

Spectrograph during SM4 in place of the

Corrective Optics Space Telescope Axial

Replacement (COSTAR).

COS measures the structure and

composition of the ordinary matter

concentrated in the “cosmic web.”

It also studies how galaxies, stars, and

planets formed and evolved, and is

helping determine how elements needed

for life first formed.

 SPACE TELESCOPE IMAGING
SPECTROGRAPH(STIS)
Main function is spectroscopythe- separation of light into its

component colors to reveal information about an object’s

chemical content, temperature, density, and motion.

Also performs imaging, covering most of the ultraviolet

bands, the entire optical wavelength band, and some

wavelengths extending into the near-infrared.

FGS
Hubble has 3 Fine Guidance Sensors.

Two are needed to point and lock the telescope on the

target and the third can be used for stellar position

measurements, known as astrometry.

During SM4, spacewalking astronauts exchanged one of

these optical sensors with a refurbished unit that has

enhanced, on-orbit alignment capability.

 WELL, THAT WAS ALL
ABOUT ITS WORKING.
There's a lot more to discover and know about how crucial
hubble is to us.
 "THERE'S
NOTHING
BETWEEN
HUBBLE AND
THE
UNIVERSE"
THE MOST IMPORTANT DISCOVERIES:
"Hubble Ultra Deep Field" Age and size of the Universe
THE MOST IMPORTANT DISCOVERIES:
Atmosphere of other planets.
How plants born.
First organic molecule on a planet outside the solar system.

Detected Black hole.

Details of gamma ray bursts.

There's still a lot more to add on..

 A TESTING ERROR
Errors in a test instrument apparently led Perkin-Elmer, which
fabricated the optics, to finish the 2.4-metre primary mirror of the
Hubble Space Telescope incorrectly.
HUBBLE'S MIRROR FLAW
I was literally fixed in the space!!

Picture before the fix Picture after the fix

THANK YOU.

Members:

Anshika Pranzal - 1829041

Palak Gupta - 1829073
Antaripa Patra - 1829042
Ayushi Singh - 1829052
Shreya Agnihotri - 1829026