TM- 4143 METODA ENHANCED

OIL RECOVERY (EOR)

Prepared by:

David Maurich, MT
 Basic Concepts of
Enhanced Oil Recovery

Overall Displacement Efficiency (Er) or

Recovery Efficiency or Recovery Factor (RF):
Er = Edisplacement x (Eareal x Evertical)
= Ed x (Exy x Ez) = Ed x Ev
= Edisplacement x Evolumetric

Higher Er values are obtained by increasing:

-- Microscopic Displacement Efficiency (Ed).
-- Macroscopic Volumetric Sweep Efficiency (Ev).
 Oil Recovery Factor (RF = ER)

General Definition
ER = N p / N

Example: During primary 97 MMSTB

A = 7000 acre hnet =84 ft

 = 24% Soi =71%
Boi =1.36 RB/STB

OOIP (N) = 7758x7000x84x0.24x0.71 / 1.36 = 572 MMSTB

Hence: ER = 97 / 572 = 17%
 Ultimate Oil Recovery Factor

• Represents total fraction of OOIP that can be

recovered prior to field abandonment
• If three oil recovery processes recovered Np1,
Np2 and Np3:
hence; ERult = (Np1 + Np2 + Np3) / N

Example: N = 165
MMSTB
During primary 13 MMSTB
Water injection 25 MMSTB
CO2 flood 48 MMSTB
After CO2 flood 6 MMSTB

Total Np = 13+25+48+6 = 92 MMSTB

Hence; ERult =92 / 165 = 56%
 Well Patterns in Oil Displacement

Inverted Four Spot Inverted Five Spot Inverted Seven Spot

P/I Ratio 0.5 P/I Ratio 1 P/I Ratio 2

Inverted Nine Spot Inverted Line Drive

P/I Ratio = 3 P/I Ratio = 2

Water Front Cusping in An Inverted Five-
Spot Injection Pattern
 Total Efficiency or
Efficiency Recovery (ER)
 Recovery Factor in Oil Displacement
Atotal

Atotal Aswept
Aswept

Areal sweep efficiency Vertical sweep efficiency

Ea = Aswept/Atotal Ey = Aswept/Atotal
Volumetric sweep efficiency Ev = Ea Ey

Unit pore volume Soi , Boi So , Bo

Soi/Boi STB So/Bo STB

Before displacement After displacement

Displacement efficiency Ed = 1 – (SoBoi /SoIBo)
Recovery factor Er = Ed Ev = Ed Ea Ey
 Ultimate Recovery Factor
in Oil Displacement Processes

• Represents total fraction of OOIP that can be recovered prior to

field abandonment

Primary OOIPsec Secondary EOR

OOIP = N OOIPEOR
N - Np1
N - Np1 - Np2

For secondary phase ErSec = EdSecEvSec

Np2 = ErSec (N - Np1)

For EOR phase

• In secondary swept region: ErEOR1 = EdEOR1
Np3 = ErEOR1 [(N - Np1)EvSec - Np2]

• In additional swept region: ErEOR2 = EdEOR2

Np4 = ErEOR2 (N - Np1)(EvEOR - EvSEC)

• hence; Erult = (Np1 + Np2 + Np3 + Np4) / N

 Ultimate Recovery Factor
in Oil Displacement Processes

Example
 Ultimate Recovery Factor
in Oil Displacement Processes

Example
 COMMON INJECTION-PRODUCTION
WELL PATTERNS

• Injection – Production Well Patterns

= injection well

= production well

– Direct Line Drive

 COMMON INJECTION-PRODUCTION
WELL PATTERNS

• Injection – Production Well Patterns

= injection well

= production well

– Staggered Line Drive

 COMMON INJECTION-PRODUCTION
WELL PATTERNS

• Injection – Production Well Patterns

= injection well

= production well

– Four Spot
 COMMON INJECTION-PRODUCTION
WELL PATTERNS

• Injection – Production Well Patterns

= injection well

= production well

– Five Spot
COMMON INJECTION-PRODUCTION
WELL PATTERNS

= injection well

= production well
 COMMON INJECTION-PRODUCTION
WELL PATTERNS

• Injection – Production Well Patterns

= injection well

= production well

– Nine Spot
 COMMON INJECTION-PRODUCTION
WELL PATTERNS

• Injection – Production Well Patterns

= injection well

= production well

– Peripheral Flood
 COMMON INJECTION-PRODUCTION
WELL PATTERNS

• Injection – Production Well Patterns

= injection well

= production well

– Peripheral & Cluster Flood

IRREGULAR FIVE-SPOT DEVELOPMENT