TEST 30

1. A. father B. healthy C. other D. another

2. A. washed B. matched C. intended D. walked
3. A. appear B. decide C. require D. cancel
4. A. reformulate B. scientific C. considerable D. adventure

Read the passage and choose the best answer for each question below.
It is estimated that over 99 percent of all species that ever existed have become extinct. What causes extinction? When a
species is no longer adapted to a changed environment, it may perish. The exact causes of a species’ death vary from situation to
situation. Rapid ecological change may render an environment hostile to a species. For example, temperatures may change and a
species may not be able to adapt. Food Resources may be affected by environmental changes, which will then cause problems. For a
species requiring these resources. Other species may become better adapted to an Environment, resulting in competition and,
ultimately, in the death of a species.
The fossil record reveals that extinction has occurred throughout the history of Earth. Recent analyses have also revealed that
on some occasions many species became extinct at the same time – a mass extinction. One of the best-known examples of mass
extinction occurred 65 million years ago with the demise of dinosaurs and many other forms of life.
Perhaps the largest mass extinction was the one that occurred 225 million years ago, When approximately 95 percent of all
species died, Mass extinctions can be caused by a relatively rapid change in the environment and can be worsened by the close
interrelationship of many species. If, for example, something were to happen to destroy much of the plankton in the oceans, then
the oxygen content of Earth would drop, affection even organisms not living in the oceans. Such a change would probably lead to a
mass extinction.
One interesting, and controversial, finding is that extinctions during the past 250 Million years have tended to be more
intense every 26 million years. This periodic extinction might be due to intersection of the Earth’s orbit with a cloud of comets, but
this theory is purely speculative. Some researchers have also speculated tat extinction may often be random. That is, certain species
may be eliminated and others may survive for no particular reason. A species’ survival may have nothing to do with its ability or
inability to adapt. If so, some of evolutionary history may reflect a sequence of essentially random events.
5. The word “ultimately” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to
A. exceptionally B. dramatically C. eventually D. unfortunately
6. What does the author say in paragraph 1 regarding most species in Earth’s history
A. They have remained basically unchanged from their original forms.
B. They have been able to adapt to ecological changes.
C. They have caused rapid change in the environment.
D. They are no longer in existence.
7. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 1 as resulting from rapid ecological change?
A. Temperature changes B. Availability of food resources C. Introduction of new species D. Competition among species
8. Why is “plankton” mentioned in paragraph 3?
A. To demonstrate the interdependence of different species
B. To emphasize the importance of food resources in preventing mass extinction.
C. To illustrate a comparison between organisms that live on the land and those that live in the ocean
D. To point out that certain species could never become extinct.
9. According to paragraph 2, evidence from fossils suggests that
A. extinction of species has occurred from time to time throughout Earth’s history.
B. Extinctions on Earth have generally been massive
C. there has been only one mass extinction in Earth’s history.
D. dinosaurs became extinct much earlier than scientists originally believed.
10. The word “finding” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to
A. published information B. research method C. ongoing experiment D. scientific discovery
11. The word “demise” paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to
A. change B. recovery C. help D. death
12. According to the passage, it is believed that the largest extinction of a species occurred
A. 26 million years ago B. 65 million years ago C. 225 million years ago D. 250 million years ago

Choose the best answer among A, B, C, D whose meaning is CLOSEST to the underlined part in each sentence below:
13. The population of the United States is roughly 240 million.
A. unfortunately B. ideally C. approximately D. usually
14. A legal combination of Delta Airlines and Air France was approved at a joint board of directors meeting.
A reconciliation B. strike C. memorandum D. merger

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions
15. When I passed their house, all the lights had been turned off. They_____________ to bed already.
A. must go B. should have gone C. must have gone D. need have gone
16. __________ really worn out from hard work, she managed to amuse us with a funny story.
A. Despite B. Because of C. Because D. Although
17. By this time next year, my new house___________, and we can move into it.
A. will finish B. will have been finished C. will have finished D. will be finished
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18. It is no good____________ to him about the problem. He’s as deaf as a pole.
A. complain B. to complain C. complaining D. complaint
19. I am wondering what____________if our ecosystem were completely destroyed?
A. will happen B. would have happened C. happened D. would happen
20. My sister has just bought a___________at that shop, which is situated at the corner of Tran Phu Street.
A. pullover beautiful pink woolen B. pink beautiful woolen pullover
C. beautiful pink woolen pullover D. woolen beautiful pink pullover
21. We put his rude manner___________ignorance of the local customs .
A. down to B. up with C. up to D. off at
22. He has devoured to learn English the past months ___________getting a chance to study abroad.
A. with a view of B. with a view to C. in regard of D. on account of.
23. The job was done____________, and we were extremely displeased.
A. incompetence B. incompetent C. competently D. incompetently
24. His change of job has___________ him with a new challenge in life.
A. presented B. introduced C. initiated D. led
25. David: “ The final exams are coming. I seem to be too nervous!”
Linda: “___________________. It will be not so hard as you’ve expected.
A. Be careful B. Good Luck C. Congratulations D. Take it easy
26. Son: “ Why don”t we buy a new car, Dad? This one is too old to go out with my friends.”
Dad: “ ______________. We don’t have much money.”
A. It is out of the question now B. I have to think it over C. You are right D. That’s a great idea.
27. In order to grow vegetables productively, gardeners must know______________.
A. that the requirements for each vegetable B. what the requirements for each vegetable are
C. what are each vegetables’ requirements D. that is required by each vegetable
28. Rose has been all over the the world , but he still has a _________ for seeing new places and enjoying new experiences
A. thirst B. dream C. crave D. yearning
29. This research wsa based on a small group of people , so we have to take the result with a _________ of salt.
A. punch B. little C. grain D. spoon
30. He is always mising the bus because he is not an early _________ .
A. bird B. cock C. fowl D. dog

Choose the best answer among A, B, C, D whose meaning is OPPOSITE to the underlined part in each sentence below:
31. Lance Amstrong admitted that he had used performance- enhancing drugs.
A. increasingly B. intensifying C. alleviating D. raising
32. The smell of the fish put me off the meal.
A. interested me B. made me unable to eat the meal
C. made me want to eat the meal a lot D. made me feel hungry

Mobile phones emit microwave radio emissions. Investigators are questioning whether exposure to these radio waves
might (33) ________ to brain cancer. So far, the figures are not final. The precise evidence does not enable us to say in certain
that mobile phones are definitely safe. On the other hand, recent research has not yet (34) ________  clear adverse effect
associated with the prolonged use of mobile phones.  Many studies are now going on in numerous countries. Some of the
results are contradictory but the others have shown an association between mobile phone use and cancer. (35) _________,
these studies are preliminary and the issue need further, long – term investigation.           
Until the scientific data is more definite, it is (36) _________ for people to try not to use mobile phone for long periods
of time. Don’t think that hands free phones are any safer either. At the moment, research is in fact showing the opposite and
they may be just as hazardous. It is also thought that young people (37) _________ bodies are still growing may be at
particular risk.
33. A. produce B. cause C. brought D. lead
34. A. compared B. demonstrated C. confirmed D. revealed
35. A. Therefore B. Though C. However D. Because of
36. A. advise B. advisably C. advice D. advisable
37. A. who B. whom C. when D. whose

Choose the answer among A, B, C, D whose underlined part needs correcting to make sentences below complete:
38. The professor told him to write a short but it must becomprehensive paper about the experiment. 
A B C D
39. This table is not sturdy enough to support a television, and that one probably isn't neither. 
A B C D
40. In 1975, according to the National Center for Health Statistics, the average life expectancy for people born during that
A B C
year is 72.4 years. 
D

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 Read the following passage and mark the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Most people have recognized the importance of entertainment to their both physical and mental well-being. There is a
variety of entertainment for people to choose, which depends on their interests, their ages, their jobs as well as many other
conditions.
People who work indoors and spend most of their time sitting and doing sedentary office work can add physical activities
to their lives by doing sports during their leisure time, such as playing a ball game, going camping, hiking or fishing. On the other
hand, people whose jobs involve a lot of physical activities may prefer to spend their free time doing quiet, relaxing activities, such
as reading books or magazines or watching TV. Some people find that collecting stamps, postcards, badges, model cars, planes or
ships, bottles, or antiques are relaxing hobbies.
Entertainment is organized in many schools and institutions. They may offer many extracurricular activities including
hobby groups, sports activities, and choirs. Other institutions such as retirement homes and hospitals also offer activities such as
clubs and meetings for playing games or simply organized periods for conversation.
Most people like socializing with friends for dinner or a drink after a hard day at work. For many young people, having a
regular night out a week is a normal part of their free time, whether it is joining friends for a drink in a pub, dining out in a
restaurant, watching a film, playing video games or dancing the night away at a club.
Some people do leisure activities that also have a long-term goal. In some cases, people do a leisure activity that they hope
to turn into a full-time activity. Many people also study part-time in evening university or college courses, both for the love of
learning to help their career prospects and for relaxing.
41: According to the second paragraph, the writer means that_________
A. playing sports is not suitable for those who work in the office B. entertainment is chosen depending on people’s career
C. people working indoors should not have any entertainment D. sedentary office work is boring
42: According to the passage, entertainment_________
A. is not good for our both physical and mental well-being B. has no effect on our mental health
C. is not considered to be important by most people D. is various.
43: It can be inferred that people_________.
A. hardly recognize the importance of entertainment B. have different choice of entertainment
C. all choose the same kind of entertainment D. find it difficult to choose a kind of entertainment
44: People who work indoors_________
A. should not choose physical activities B. are often too tired to enjoy any entertainment
C. never have any leisure time D. can choose physical activities as entertainment
45: According to the writer, learning part-time in the evening_________
A. makes people more tired after work B. is a waste of time
C. is not suitable for present careers D. is also a relaxing activity

Mark A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the questions
46. He has been working very hard for years. He has not been promoted.
A. He has been working very hard for years.Therefore , he has not been promoted.
B. No matter how hard he has been working for years, he has not been promoted.
C. Although he has been working very hard for years but he has not been promoted.
D. Not only has he been working very hard for years but he has been promoted as well.
47: There had been prior warnings of the earthquake. It came as a shock to the people living in nearby villages.
A. No sooner had they been warned of the earthquake than the nearby villagers were surprised when it occurred.
B. The earthquake was warned in advance, so that the nearby villagers were not surprised by it.
C. Because of the prior warnings of the earthquake, few inhabitants in nearby villages were shocked about it.
D. The earthquake had been predicted, but the residents of nearby villages were taken aback when it struck.
48: They report that soil pollution has seriously threatened the livelihood of many local farmers.
A. The livelihood of many local farmers was reported to be seriously endangered by soil pollution.
B. It is reported that the livelihood of many local farmers has led to serious soil pollution.
C. Soil pollution is reported to have posed a serious threat to the livelihood of many local farmers.
D. It has been reported that soil pollution has actually put many local farmers’ lives at risk.

Mark A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is CLOSEST in meaning to each of the questions.
49: You mustn’t ride a motorbike without a crash helmet.
A. Riding a motorbike without a crash helmet is not banned.
B. It’s prohibited that riding a motorbike without a crash helmet.
C. It’s legal not to ride a motorbike with a crash helmet.
D. It’s against the law to ride a motorbike without a crash helmet.
50: I thought she was the right person for the position, yet it turned out that she was quite useless.
A. Because I was expecting her to be competent, I was shocked to see her perform rather badly.
B. I was mistaken about her suitability for the position since she proved rather incompetent.
C. Contrary to my initial impression, she was not totally unsuitable for the position.
D. I was right in thinking that she was totally useless for the job.

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51: Air pollution, together with littering, are causing many problems in our large industrial cites today.
52: When we go on vacation, we prefer swim and active sports to sightseeing and lying on the beach.
53. Jim was upset last night because he had to do too many homeworks. 

54. Not until my mother got home________________that she had left the purse at the office.
A. that she realized B. she realized C. did she realize D. did she realized
55. Kenny: “ Your hairstyle is terrific!” Linda: “____________”
A. It’s a nice complement. Thank you. B. Not at all B. The same to you D. Really? Congratulaions!
56. The book___________ you are reading is really useful for all the exam A. which B. who C. what D. it
57. Could you please give me a lift to work tomorrow? My motorbike is____________today.
A. out of date B. out of work C. out of mind D. out of order
58. My student practises_________ English with her friends every day.
A. speaking B. to speak C. speak D. spoke
59. I will lend them some money if they_________ me. A. ask B. asked C. will ask D. had asked
60. As_________ a liar, he becomes angry. A. called B. calling C. having called D. is called
61. Don’t_________ to conclusions, we don’t yet know all the relevant facts.
A. jump B. run C. hurry D. rush
62. Personal appearance can make a good_________ on the interview.
A. impression B. appointment C. decision D. arrangement
63. Mr Nixon refused to answer the questions on the _________ that the matter was confidential.
A. reasons B. excusex C. grounds D. foundations
64. Mr Johns gave his sons some money to _________ them up in bussines
A. get B. set C. put D. make
65. James never remembers anything , he has got a memory like _________
A. a cow B. a mouse C. a sieve D. a bucket
66. I don’t think you have been watering the plants near the gate. The soil is as dry as _________
A. rice B. a bone C. wood D. a tile
67. Mr Johns knew who had won the contest , but he kept it under his _________ until it was announced publicly
A. cap B. book C. hat D. umbrella
68. I’ll have to go to the wedding of Ms Jane , a _________ of mine.
A. heart to heart B. body and soul C. flesh and blood D. skin and bones
69. I know you are upset about breaking up with Tom , but there are plenty more _________
A. horses in the table B. cows in the shed C. trees in the jungle D. fish in the sea
70. Knowing the confidential details gave him a(n) _________ over the other candidates.
A. edge B. possibility C. exertion D. fringe
71. She likes spoiling people’s fun. She’s really a _________
A. couch potato B. wet blanket C. cold fish D. hot potato
72. Yesterday she_________ to pay me for my helping ner but I didn’t accept.
A. will offer B. offered C. had offered D. has offered
73. Some workers _________ all trees along the streets at this time two years ago.
A. are planting B. were planting C. will be planting D. planted
74. The secretary _________ all the documents long before the manager comes.
A. had typed B. will have typed C. have typed D. was typing
75. Users can_________ locations as well as directions to different places on Google Map
A. look up to B. look after C. look into D. look for
76. English teaching is considered a good example of a volunteer job which often_________ a career .
A. turns out B. turns up C. turns into D. turns on
77. This policewoman is famous______ her courage and strong will. A. for B. with C. about D. from
78. His business is growing so fast that he must ________ more workers
A. take up B. take on C. take over D. take after
79. The government stopped the local companies from importing fake milk powder in _________ for public health.
A. the interest B. the sake C. the advantage D. the safe side
80. These are so similar. I can’t _________ between them.
A. persist B. distinguish C. resolve D. realize
81. It was decided that the cost of the project would be _________ and so it was abandoned.
A. repressive B. prohibitive C. restrictive D. exclusive
82. She needs to take a vacation. She’s been working her fingers to the _________
A. skin B. nail C. bone D. path
83. Scientists are looking for ways to _________ the cost of renewable energy sources.
A. cut down B. drift apart C. clean up D. get by
84. Steve hass always been jealous _________ his brother’s good looks. A. of B. about C. to D. with
85. My unlce is now in hospital , _________ treatment of his upset stomach. A. under B. from C. on D. in