February 23, 2021

s of Resilience
Source
build ing
in Childhood
Akshi Gupta
Roll No. 20191601
Topics to be covered

1 Prenatal Sources 3 Early Childhood Sources

2 Infancy Sources 4 Midlle Childhood Sources

 Prenatal Sources
It may seem curious to discuss resilience
promoting factors that affect children
before they are born. The health of
expectant mothers is intimately tied to
the health of their children. Preventive
action in the pre-natal period will improve
maternal health and result in more resilient
offspring..
Young mothers are more vulnerable to
1 psychological disorders if they have
lack of resources and support.
Insufficient social support increases
2 the chances of depressive illnesses
and renders the mother more
vulnerable to risk behavior.
The physical health of the mother is
3 essential and it will have serious
impacts on the infant if the mother
suffers any fetal injuries.
 Infancy Sources
Environment
Bradley and colleagues (1994a; 1994b) identified six
resilience promoting factors in the child's environment;
household density, safe play areas, acceptance, variety,
presence of learning materials and responsibility.

It was observed that resilient children have 2 or more

factors present in their environment and other factors like-
mother's intelligence will not have any impact on the
child's resilience as it would not eliminate multiple
stressors.

A resilience promoting environment is high parental

income, lack of overcrowding and maternal educational
qualifications.
 Home Support Adoption

A good and responsive home based support The sole way of restructuring non-
1 1
is highly impactful especially for first time genetic factor is adoption
mothers with a insufficent social network.
The positive benefits of adoption in
accelerating physical development
2 and cognitive gains is well supported
Home based services have proven to be more
2 fruitful rather than clinic visits and have been by a study conducted by O'Connor
successful in preventing prenatal depression (2000).
in young mothers. Though they can recover from early
3 trauma remarkably though the risk
factors are present which can only be
countered by a similarly broad range
of resilience promoting strategies.
Breastfeeding

Resilience is associated with IQ and it has been discovered

1 that infants who are breastfed for 3-4 months have an
increased chance of higher IQ up to 10 years than non
breastfed babies.

2 Breastfed babies have less chance of needing treatment for a

variety of illnesses, including diarrhoea, respiratory
infections and urinary tract infections.

If the mother has a supportive partner then they are more

3 likely to breastfeed.
Early Childhood Sources

Day Care
• Parents and educators are pivotal in fostering a good and
healthy level of resilience in children in their care.

• A research study has proven day care to be academically

beneficial specially to younger children in terms of academic
achievements and exposure.

• Day care has also led to the betterment in relationship of

children with their parents, and financial independence. More
employment through a better and quality education comparatively
 ces of support
Alternate sour

Neglect places children at a risk of poor performance than any

1
kind of abuse.

Alternate care guvers can promote resilience through:

2 affectionate and attentive care
addressing painful memories
the provision and retention of predictable routines
acceptance and attachment to a family, social or faith
based group.
Middle Childhood Sources

School Attainment
Performance in school is essential and is closely
1
associated with the development of resilience.

Even the most disadvantaged children continued to

2
benefit from reading recovery technique

Gender differences are evident as girls are more

3 concerned with learning curves- declining scores
means lower level of resilience.
 Severe Adversities

If children have faced abuse be it sexual or

1 emotional, a long term relationship with an
unrelated adult promotes resilience.

In families where children were maltreated the

2 presence of clear rules, structure and problem
solving approaches promotes resilience.

Promoting both self-efficacy and self-esteem is

3 also an effective strategy in situations where
the hurt cannot be "undone" as they are more
likely to take control of their life.
 Bereavement

Educational strategies actively aiming at

1 building the confidence and competence promote
resilience.

A safe environment for sharing experiences with

2
peers-support groups- in similar situations helps
in coping and dealing with past trauma.

3 The maintenance of familiar and valued routines

is an important protective factor.
 Parental Separation

Boys appear to be more vulnerable than girls to parental separation.

1 Family with fewest developmental risks is an intact and harmonious
two parent family.

2 Loss of a parent through divorce than death has a greater impact.

3 Peer based support groups and parental counselling are helpful.

If the parents are able to maintain a non-conflictual relationship it

4
helps the child to cope faster.
2

Children should be reaffirmed and praised for taking up household

5
responsibilities so as to improve self esteem and locus of control.